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Shortly after, Nagin continued, "We as black people, it's time, it's time for us to come together. It's time for us to rebuild a New
Orleans, the one that should be a chocolate New Orleans. And I don't care what people are saying Uptown or wherever they are. This city will be chocolate at the end of
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The Mayor apologized for the suggestion that people in Uptown were racist, noting the importance of that section of town in the city's recovery. He particularly stated regret for the statements about God. "I don't know what happened there," he said. "I don't know how that got jumbled up. That whole
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In the same speech, Nagin further stirred controversy by claiming that "God is mad at
America. He sent us hurricane after hurricane after hurricane, and it's destroyed and put stress on this country....Surely he doesn't approve of us being in Iraq under false pretenses. But surely he is upset at
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was actually one of the most ethnically and economically diverse sections of the Metro area. Many of Nagin's original supporters lived in Uptown. As Uptown contained the largest section of unflooded high ground in the city's East Bank at the time of the speech, Uptown had the city's largest
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earlier that morning (as King was long dead, this was presumably a metaphor or rhetorical device). Nagin then described some of the problems and suffering New
Orleans had been experiencing since the hurricane, with the repeated refrain that Dr. King says "I wouldn't like that".
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concentration of locals back in their homes, businesses back open, and displaced New
Orleanians from other more severely damaged parts of town living there. Locals protested the Mayor's comment, which some felt suggested he did not care about an important section of his city.
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flooded the majority of the city. Only a small portion of the city's evacuated population had returned by
January. Some commentators were suggesting that the city's demographics would change from majority African American to majority Caucasian.
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Nagin also stated that New
Orleans "will be a majority African-American city. It's the way God wants it to be." As most New Orleanians knew the city had been majority African American for decades before Katrina, Ned Sublette of
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of the 1950s and 1960s. Nagin's speech reflected on the problems of violence and crime in pre- and post-Katrina New
Orleans. He also referred to the humanitarian plight of the largely African-American hurricane victims in the
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127:(originally broadcast on January 13, 2006) Nagin used the phrase "chocolate city" in reference to New Orleans' future demographics, a term that would become troublesome for him just a few days later.
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Nagin said that his remarks were meant to be a call for
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God thing, I don't know how that got mixed up in there." Nagin concluded, "I need to be more aware and sensitive of what I'm saying... Anyone I've offended, I hope you forgive me."
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Political commentators pointed out that while this might just have been another example of Nagin speaking off the cuff, it would likely hurt his standing among white voters.
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The speech generated an intense reaction, much of it negative. The "Chocolate City" metaphor was seized on and parodied by commentators, and cartoons depicting Nagin as
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in Nagin's speech, which was one of several points in the speech that occasioned significant controversy and raised accusations of racism against Mr. Nagin.
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refers to a city with a predominantly
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Nagin later attempted to explain away his remarks by offering a more racially inclusive metaphor, saying "How do you make chocolate? You take
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black
America also. We're not taking care of ourselves." Nagin then went on to relate an imagined conversation with the deceased Rev.
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found the implication of Nagin claiming to know God's will more troubling than the suggested return of pre-Katrina demographics.
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Senators tour New Orleans while mayor apologizes for "misinterpreted" comments – WIS News 10 – Columbia, South Carolina |
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At a Martin Luther King Jr. Day celebration at City Hall New Orleans on January 16, 2006, the mayor gave a speech.
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regarding both the response to Katrina and the modern problems of black America which he believes offended God.
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This speech put the post-Hurricane Katrina recovery process of New Orleans in the context of the
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commentator suggested that Nagin had just ruined his own chances at re-election.
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destroyed much of the city. The reference is to the occurrence of the phrase
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and it becomes a delicious drink. That's the chocolate I'm talking about."
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The New H. N. I. C.: The Death of Civil Rights and the Reign of Hip Hop
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mocked Nagin by calling Washington D.C. the "chocolate city with a
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http://www.tavistalks.com/TTcom/TSradio/RayNagin011306.html
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At the end of August, 2005, New Orleans had been hit by
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in the early 1970s, and was popularized by the band
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Discusses the flavor set by the chocolate metaphor.
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2006 White House Correspondents' Association Dinner
189:, and Unity. He then described a talk he had with
487:. NOLA.com (2006-01-18). Retrieved on 2011-03-11.
432:Nagin apologizes for 'chocolate' city comments
347:"What Can Cities Do to Ease Racial Tension?".
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323:Chocolate and Blackness: A Cultural History
181:Nagin began the speech invoking spirits of
139:Effects of Hurricane Katrina in New Orleans
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16:2006 speech by New Orleans mayor Ray Nagin
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226:appeared in print and on the internet. A
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151:failures of the city's Federal levees
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553:. NOLA.com. Retrieved on 2011-03-11.
507:In Big Easy cleanup, 'us' vs. 'them'
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99:in 1975. The term has been used by
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308:References
246:or around
204:The Nation
198:the day."
174:The speech
114:Chris Rock
91:Parliament
41:speech by
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137:See also
55:Louisiana
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746:Diaspora
614:Timeline
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187:Love
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