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plays bass on several tracks. This album also marks the beginning of the pivotal songwriting team of George
Clinton, Bootsy Collins, and Bernie Worrell, a partnership that would last until the 1978 release
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reached number 18 on the
Billboard soul LP charts in 1975 and reached No. 91 on the album charts. "Chocolate City", the title track and first single, reached No. 24 on the black chart and No. 94 on the
717:/Someone told me we got L.A./ And we're working on Atlanta / But you're the capital C.C." There is also a reference to Chocolate City's "vanilla suburbs", which he asks God to bless in-kind.
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George
Clinton used the concept in the title track, characterizing the black population's proliferation in American inner cities as a positive development, in contrast to concerns over
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in the form of a chocolate medallion, as well as sticker labeled "Washington DC". The album was very popular in the capitol city, selling 150,000 copies alone there.
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through migration (as explained in the cover notes included with one recent CD release of the album). The term had been used by
Washington's black AM radio stations
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The lyrics also reflected
Clinton's thanks for the capital's strong support for P-Funk, further shown by the album cover showing the Lincoln Memorial and the
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influences. "Together" is a remake of "Together in Heaven" by Bootsy, Phelps, and Gary. Glen Goins makes his debut P. Funk performance on "Big Footin'".
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Other tracks on the album reflecting the influence of
Washington are "Let Me Be" drawing from 1970s D.C. gospel and "I Misjudged You" a homage to
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709:. The lyrics of the song refer to several such "chocolate cities" but focuses on D.C.: "There's a lot of chocolate cities around/We got
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The album takes its name from the term "Chocolate City," which had been used to describe
Washington, D.C. where
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and WOOK-AM since the early 1970s to refer to the city. Bobby "The Mighty Burner" Bennett, a DJ on WOL, told
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in 1998 "Chocolate City for me was the expression of D.C.'s classy funk and confident blackness."
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of "If It Don't Fit (Don't Force It)" and "I Misjudged You" and the previously unreleased song "
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Clinton's lyrics referred to
Chocolate City as "my piece of the rock" as opposed to the "
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447:"Big Footin'" (Clinton, Haskins, Shider) – 4:50 (released as the B-side to "Ride On")
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419:"Ride On" (Clinton, Collins, Worrell) – 3:34 (released as a single-Casablanca 843)
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Original track listing from
Allmusic.com. Additional tracks in pop matters album.
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441:"If It Don't Fit (Don't Force It)" (Clinton, Garry Shider, Worrell) – 2:07
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20th
Century Masters – The Millennium Collection: The Best of Parliament
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930:"'Up for the Down Stroke', 'Chocolate City' and 'Mothership Connection'"
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while "Ride On" the second single reached No. 64 on the black chart.
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that the band would be known for as well as the vocal harmonies of
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What the Music Said: Black Popular Music and Black Popular Culture
38:
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371:
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444:"I Misjudged You" (Clinton, Ernie Harris, Fuzzy Haskins) – 5:14
1050:
Black Talk: Words and Phrases from the Hood to the Amen Corner
382:", where the group had been particularly popular. The album's
1131:
1951:
Live: Meadowbrook, Rochester, Michigan – 12th September 1971
957:
All chart listings from Billboard published on Allmusic.com.
425:"Side Effects" (Clinton, Collins, Ahneua Hilson) – 3:13
768:
Christgau's Record Guide: Rock Albums of the Seventies
969:"Reflections on Chocolate City: The Meanings of Funk"
624:, Michael and Randy, joined the band as did vocalist
428:"What Comes Funky" (Clinton, Collins, Worrell) – 2:23
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1599:Aqua Boogie (A Psychoalphadiscobetabioaquadoloop)
724:" that slaves were promised after the Civil War.
2632:Parliament-Funkadelic: One Nation Under a Groove
1543:Tear The Roof Off The Sucker (Give Up The Funk)
2039:The Mothership Connection – Live from Houston
1649:
1147:
990:. University of California Press. p. 5.
422:"Together" (Clinton, Collins, Worrell) – 4:07
8:
516:– Guitar, vocals (Lead Vocal on "Let Me Be")
333:
265:
219:
181:
1867:Free Your Mind... and Your Ass Will Follow
1656:
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1140:
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988:Popular Culture in the Age of White Flight
438:"Let Me Be" (Clinton, Vivian Lewis) – 5:37
156:
29:
20:
2639:George Clinton: The Mothership Connection
378:, released in 1975. It was a "tribute to
2102:George Clinton and His Gangsters of Love
747:
2129:Stretchin' Out in Bootsy's Rubber Band
1895:Standing on the Verge of Getting It On
1812:Funkentelechy vs. the Placebo Syndrome
1391:Funkentelechy Vs. the Placebo Syndrome
731:, rendered in melting milk chocolate.
570:– Synthesizer, arrangements, keyboards
2164:The One Giveth, the Count Taketh Away
2074:Mothership Connection Newberg Session
967:Carroll, Kenneth (February 1, 1998).
738:, a Washington R&B ballad group.
162:
7:
1033:. UK: Routledge. pp. 103, 115.
753:
751:
1944:The Electric Spanking of War Babies
690:blacks had been becoming a majority
492:– Bass, guitar, Arrangements, drums
18:1975 studio album by Parliament
2582:Lifestyles of the Roach and Famous
1550:Mothership Connection (Star Child)
1063:. Duke University Press. pp.
486:– Arrangements, vocals, production
14:
2461:A Whole Nother Radio Active Thang
2095:How Late Do U Have 2BB4UR Absent?
2025:Some of My Best Jokes Are Friends
1469:The Best Nonstop Mix Compilation
335:
267:
221:
183:
2782:
2781:
2136:Ahh... The Name Is Bootsy, Baby!
1937:Connections & Disconnections
792:– via robertchristgau.com.
543:Lucius Tawl Ross – Rhythm guitar
354:
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2418:Invasion of the Booty Snatchers
2032:R&B Skeletons in the Closet
1497:The Casablanca Years: 1974–1980
1052:. Houghton Mifflin. p. 92.
888:Schennault (January 1, 1975).
588:Gary "Mudbone" Cooper – Vocals
1:
2384:Never Buy Texas from a Cowboy
2343:Pieces of Woo: The Other Side
2268:Game, Dames and Guitar Thangs
2248:Tha Funk Capital of the World
2199:Keepin' dah Funk Alive 4-1995
1979:First Ya Gotta Shake the Gate
1798:The Clones of Dr. Funkenstein
1384:The Clones of Dr. Funkenstein
1123:Song Review: "Chocolate City"
2357:Free Agent: A Spaced Odyssey
2295:A Blow for Me, a Toot to You
2150:This Boot Is Made for Fonk-N
1578:Bop Gun (Endangered Species)
2109:Live...Capitol Theatre 1978
2053:Live at the Beverly Theater
1476:Tear the Roof Off 1974–1980
1462:Parliament's Greatest Hits
1088:. Backbeat Books. pp.
1048:Smitherman, Geneva (2000).
1029:Neal, Mark Anthony (1998).
2837:
2391:Live at the Howard Theatre
2302:Say Blow by Blow Backwards
2206:Fresh Outta 'P' University
2143:Bootsy? Player of the Year
2018:You Shouldn't-Nuf Bit Fish
2011:Urban Dancefloor Guerillas
1972:U.S. Music with Funkadelic
1902:Let's Take It to the Stage
916:December 14, 2007, at the
370:is the third album by the
2816:Casablanca Records albums
2779:
2532:A Night Out With the Boys
2368:The Brides of Funkenstein
2060:Hey, Man, Smell My Finger
1923:One Nation Under a Groove
1671:
1169:
852:February 6, 2009, at the
642:The album is full of the
170:
167:
118:
28:
2811:Parliament (band) albums
2436:Clarence "Fuzzy" Haskins
2329:All the Woo in the World
2185:Blasters of the Universe
1909:Tales of Kidd Funkadelic
1711:Clarence "Fuzzy" Haskins
1676:Jerome "Bigfoot" Brailey
1184:Clarence "Fuzzy" Haskins
763:"Consumer Guide '70s: P"
508:Clarence "Fuzzy" Haskins
252:Christgau's Record Guide
2574:Federation of Tackheads
2213:Live in Louisville 1978
1805:Live: P-Funk Earth Tour
1726:Cordell "Boogie" Mosson
1721:Walter "Junie" Morrison
1437:Live: P-Funk Earth Tour
1327:Walter "Junie" Morrison
1082:Thompson, Dave (2001).
653:. "Let Me Be" draws on
549:– Rhythm guitar, vocals
386:includes images of the
2726:Children of Production
2706:List of P-Funk members
2517:Mutiny on the Mamaship
1881:America Eats Its Young
1851:Funkadelic discography
1777:Up for the Down Stroke
1761:Parliament discography
1515:Up For The Down Stroke
1363:Up for the Down Stroke
1331:Robert "P-Nut" Johnson
1265:Gary "Muddbone" Cooper
847:Pitchfork Media review
684:"Chocolate City" theme
579:Debbie Wright – Vocals
528:Man In The Box – Drums
525:Tyrone Lampkin – Drums
463:, including alternate
125:Up for the Down Stroke
2234:Live in Oklahoma 1976
2046:The Cinderella Theory
1995:Parliament-Funkadelic
1791:Mothership Connection
1665:Parliament-Funkadelic
1377:Mothership Connection
1296:Reunald "Renny" Jones
1236:Rodney "Skeet" Curtis
1057:Wesley, Fred (2002).
729:United States Capitol
600:features the classic
480:Jim Callon – Engineer
388:United States Capitol
143:Mothership Connection
2821:1970s concept albums
2606:Heavy Metal Funkason
2498:Take Me to Baltimore
2445:A Whole Nother Thang
2227:Live in Concert 1998
2171:What's Bootsy Doin'?
1696:Ramon "Tiki" Fulwood
986:Avila, Eric (2004).
911:Rolling Stone review
773:Ticknor & Fields
564:Jim Vitti – Engineer
502:Ramon "Tiki" Fulwood
158:Professional ratings
2425:Play Me or Trade Me
2350:Blacktronic Science
2241:Christmas Is 4 Ever
2192:Lord of the Harvest
1930:Uncle Jam Wants You
1840:Medicaid Fraud Dogg
1731:"Billy Bass" Nelson
1419:Medicaid Fraud Dogg
1300:Jeanette Washington
1012:"Popmatters Review"
973:The Washington Post
867:"PopMatters review"
722:40 acres and a mule
699:The Washington Post
583:Jeanette Washington
538:Billy "Bass" Nelson
392:Washington Monument
159:
2411:Pleasure Principle
1958:By Way of the Drum
1819:Motor Booty Affair
1571:Fantasy Is Reality
1398:Motor Booty Affair
1065:181, 182, 195, 198
636:Motor Booty Affair
157:
2793:
2792:
2766:Uncle Jam Records
2751:P-Funk Mothership
2746:P-Funk Earth Tour
2525:Funk Plus the One
1826:Gloryhallastoopid
1631:
1630:
1405:Gloryhallastoopid
1199:Billy Bass Nelson
890:"Rhapsody review"
865:Kessler, Jordan.
826:"MusicTap review"
759:Christgau, Robert
665:Chart performance
363:
362:
155:
154:
151:
150:
2828:
2785:
2784:
2756:P-Funk mythology
2721:Bridgeport Music
2649:Related articles
2220:Play with Bootsy
2081:T.A.P.O.A.F.O.M.
1916:Hardcore Jollies
1658:
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1644:
1635:
1156:
1149:
1142:
1133:
1103:
1078:
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1044:
1016:
1015:
1014:. June 11, 2003.
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869:. Popmatters.com
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622:Brecker Brothers
459:contained three
396:Lincoln Memorial
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2830:
2829:
2827:
2826:
2825:
2796:
2795:
2794:
2789:
2775:
2761:P-Funk projects
2691:The Parliaments
2644:
2612:
2590:Out of the Dark
2545:
2539:Aftershock 2005
2504:
2467:
2430:
2396:
2362:
2314:
2286:The Horny Horns
2280:
2253:
2114:
1993:
1984:
1845:
1755:
1706:Michael Hampton
1667:
1662:
1632:
1627:
1611:
1564:Dr. Funkenstein
1502:
1449:
1424:
1334:
1323:Larry Heckstall
1284:Michael Brecker
1258:Michael Hampton
1165:
1160:
1114:Release history
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918:Wayback Machine
909:
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864:
863:
859:
854:Wayback Machine
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824:
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819:
812:
808:
803:Allmusic review
801:
797:
787:
785:
783:
757:
756:
749:
744:
686:
667:
651:The Parliaments
595:
574:Mallia Franklin
477:
469:Common Law Wife
435:
409:
404:
380:Washington D.C.
355:
350:
345:
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297:Pitchfork Media
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2728:
2723:
2718:
2716:Armen Boladian
2713:
2708:
2703:
2700:Roger Troutman
2693:
2688:
2686:The Pacemakers
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2678:
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2645:
2643:
2642:
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2613:
2611:
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2602:
2598:Funkcronomicon
2594:
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2578:
2570:
2562:
2553:
2551:
2550:Other spinoffs
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2544:
2543:
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2503:
2502:
2494:
2490:I Am What I Am
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2320:Bernie Worrell
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2313:
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2309:The Final Blow
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2132:
2124:
2122:
2120:Bootsy Collins
2116:
2115:
2113:
2112:
2105:
2098:
2091:
2088:Live 1976–1993
2084:
2077:
2070:
2063:
2056:
2049:
2042:
2035:
2028:
2021:
2014:
2007:
2004:Computer Games
1999:
1997:
1990:George Clinton
1986:
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1833:Trombipulation
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1794:
1787:
1784:Chocolate City
1780:
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1754:
1753:
1751:Bernie Worrell
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1686:Bootsy Collins
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1681:George Clinton
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1529:Chocolate City
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402:Track listing
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328:Rolling Stone
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163:Review scores
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54:April 8, 1975
53:
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32:
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2736:Overton Loyd
2731:Bill Laswell
2666:House Guests
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2453:Radio Active
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2377:Funk or Walk
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2336:Funk of Ages
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2300:
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2030:
2023:
2016:
2009:
2002:
1977:
1970:
1963:
1956:
1949:
1942:
1935:
1928:
1921:
1914:
1907:
1900:
1893:
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1879:
1874:Maggot Brain
1872:
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1838:
1831:
1824:
1817:
1810:
1803:
1796:
1789:
1783:
1782:
1775:
1768:
1746:Grady Thomas
1741:Calvin Simon
1736:Garry Shider
1606:Party People
1495:
1488:
1481:
1474:
1467:
1460:
1454:Compilations
1442:
1435:
1417:
1410:
1403:
1396:
1389:
1382:
1375:
1369:
1368:
1361:
1355:
1352:First Thangs
1351:
1345:
1293:Rick Gardner
1279:Maceo Parker
1245:Prakash John
1240:Garry Shider
1214:Tiki Fulwood
1194:Grady Thomas
1189:Calvin Simon
1084:
1060:Hit Me, Fred
1059:
1049:
1030:
1006:
987:
981:
972:
962:
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944:
933:
924:
906:
894:. Retrieved
883:
871:. Retrieved
860:
842:
830:. Retrieved
820:
809:
798:
786:. Retrieved
766:
733:
726:
719:
707:White flight
704:
697:
687:
675:
669:
668:
641:
634:
630:Prakash John
604:lineup with
597:
596:
559:Grady Thomas
553:Calvin Simon
547:Garry Shider
520:Prakash John
461:bonus tracks
456:
450:
366:
365:
364:
326:
250:
212:
141:
133:
132:
123:
39:Studio album
15:
2806:1975 albums
2617:Filmography
2259:Eddie Hazel
2178:Jungle Bass
1888:Cosmic Slop
1716:Eddie Hazel
1701:Glenn Goins
1623:Discography
1585:Flash Light
1429:Live albums
1320:Greg Thomas
1274:Fred Wesley
1253:Glenn Goins
1204:Eddie Hazel
896:January 26,
873:January 26,
832:January 26,
736:The Unifics
657:as well as
626:Glenn Goins
618:Eddie Hazel
514:Eddie Hazel
321:(favorable)
311:(favorable)
2800:Categories
2711:Pedro Bell
2681:Original P
2661:Funkadelic
2656:Parliament
2566:Sweat Band
2157:Ultra Wave
1860:Funkadelic
1310:Lynn Mabry
1305:Dawn Silva
1163:Parliament
1023:References
782:089919026X
451:A 2003 CD
394:, and the
376:Parliament
307:PopMatters
114:chronology
112:Parliament
93:Casablanca
44:Parliament
2275:Rest in P
2067:Dope Dogs
1691:Ray Davis
1209:Tawl Ross
1179:Ray Davis
935:Pitchfork
788:March 10,
713:, we got
676:Billboard
475:Personnel
2787:Category
1314:Ron Ford
1127:Allmusic
914:Archived
850:Archived
761:(1981).
585:– Vocals
576:– Vocals
561:– Vocals
555:– Vocals
510:– Vocals
498:– Vocals
433:Side Two
407:Side One
317:Rhapsody
301:(7.8/10)
262:MusicTap
177:Allmusic
100:Producer
51:Released
41: by
2671:Godmoma
1616:Related
1522:Testify
1507:Singles
1356:Rhenium
1118:Discogs
678:Hot 100
644:uptempo
504:– Drums
453:reissue
214:Blender
147:(1975)
138:(1975)
129:(1974)
2771:G-funk
2741:P-Funk
2609:(1998)
2601:(1995)
2593:(1993)
2585:(1988)
2577:(1985)
2569:(1980)
2561:(1978)
2558:Quazar
2542:(1996)
2534:(1983)
2528:(1980)
2520:(1979)
2509:Mutiny
2501:(1976)
2493:(1971)
2485:(1970)
2464:(1994)
2456:(1978)
2448:(1976)
2402:Parlet
1770:Osmium
1347:Osmium
1096:
1071:
1037:
994:
779:
711:Newark
694:WOL-AM
659:gospel
620:. The
616:, and
602:P-Funk
540:– Bass
522:– Bass
390:, the
171:Rating
168:Source
71:Length
2676:Kiddo
1090:89–97
742:Notes
593:Music
465:mixes
384:cover
374:band
88:Label
60:Genre
2696:Zapp
1992:and
1965:Toys
1490:Gold
1094:ISBN
1085:Funk
1069:ISBN
1035:ISBN
992:ISBN
898:2012
875:2012
834:2012
790:2019
777:ISBN
715:Gary
655:jazz
647:funk
372:funk
65:Funk
2625:PCU
1125:at
1116:at
628:.
471:".
455:of
2802::
1092:.
1067:.
971:.
932:.
775:.
771:.
765:.
750:^
639:.
612:,
608:,
80:42
76:36
2702:)
2698:(
1657:e
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1643:v
1608:"
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1358:)
1354:/
1350:(
1155:e
1148:t
1141:v
1102:.
1077:.
1043:.
1000:.
975:.
938:.
900:.
877:.
836:.
412:"
257:B
78::
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
