521:
331:, and has very straight hind legs, resulting in a rather stilted gait. The bluish color extends to the Chow Chow's lips; this is the only dog breed with this distinctive bluish color in its lips and oral cavity (other dogs have black or a piebald pattern skin in their mouths). Another distinctive feature is the curly tail. It has thick hair and lies curled on its back. The nose should be black, but blue-coated Chow Chow can have a solid blue or slate-colored nose. According to the American Kennel Club breed standards, any other tone is not acceptable for contests. FCI countries, however, do allow a self-colored nose in the cream.
711:
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245:
535:
422:
380:
366:
394:
727:
253:
307:
38:
493:
408:
507:
352:
479:
326:
appearance. The coat may be shaded/self-red, black, blue, cinnamon/fawn, or cream. Not all these color varieties are recognized as valid in all countries. Individuals with patchy or multicolored coats are considered to be outside the breed standard. Chow Chow eyes are typically deep set and almond
465:
451:
Chow Chows can come in a variety of coat colors. The
American Kennel Club (AKC) has classified Chow Chow colors as either standard or non-standard (rare colors). The standard colors for Chow Chows are black, blue, red, cream, and cinnamon. However, colors such as fawn, white, and merle are not
264:
that predates the emergence of the modern breeds in the 19th century. A research study has concluded that the Chow Chow dog breed originated from other indigenous dogs in central China about 8,300 years ago. The ancient breed evolved and manifests both morphological and physiological features,
1721:
Ramos-Vara, J. A.; Beissenherz, M. E.; Miller, M. A.; Johnson, G. C.; Pace, L. W.; Fard, A.; Kottler, S. J. (2000). "Retrospective Study of 338 Canine Oral
Melanomas with Clinical, Histologic, and Immunohistochemical Review of 129 Cases".
741:
who attended all of his therapy sessions because he felt that dogs had a special sense that allows them to judge a person's character accurately, and admitted he depended on Jo-Fi for an assessment of a patient's mental state.
710:
1380:
Witsberger, Tige H.; Villamil, J. Armando; Schultz, Loren G.; Hahn, Allen W.; Cook, James L. (June 15, 2008). "Prevalence of and risk factors for hip dysplasia and cranial cruciate ligament deficiency in dogs".
1565:
Mazrier, Hamutal; Vogelnest, Linda J.; Thomson, Peter C.; Taylor, Rosanne M.; Williamson, Peter (May 18, 2016). "Canine atopic dermatitis: breed risk in
Australia and evidence for a susceptible clade".
1914:
334:
The blue-black/purple tongue gene appears to be dominant, as most mixed breed dogs that come from a Chow Chow retain that tongue color. However, the blue-black/purple tongue can also be found on the
268:
One
Chinese legend mentions large war dogs from Central Asia that resembled black-tongued lions. One Chinese ruler was said to own 5,000 Chows. The Chinese also used Chows to pull
1765:
1907:
228:. The Chow Chow is a sturdily built dog, square in profile, with a broad skull and small, triangular, erect ears with rounded tips. The breed is known for a very dense
314:
The Chow Chow is a sturdily built dog, square in profile, with a broad skull and small, triangular, erect ears with rounded tips. The breed is known for a very dense
338:. This is not to say that every mixed breed dog with spots of purple on the tongue is descended from Chow Chow, as purple spots on the tongue can be found on other
1900:
520:
1518:"A survey of canine and feline skin disorders seen in a university practice: Small Animal Clinic, University of Montréal, Saint-Hyacinthe, Québec (1987-1988)"
181:
773:, had a Chow Chow named Sunnee. It was the couple's first dog. Allegedly, Walt gifted Lilly the Chow Chow inside a hat box, which inspired the scene in
1008:
Hechuan Yang; Guodong Wang; Meng Weng; Yaping Ma; Tingting Yin; Ruoxi Fan; Hong Wu; Li Zhong; David M. Irwin; Weiwei Zhai; Yaping Zhang (2001–2010).
2598:
1609:
Kuhl, K. A.; Shofer, F. S.; Goldschmidt, M. H. (1994). "Comparative
Histopathology of Pemphigus Foliaceus and Superficial Folliculitis in the Dog".
1112:
1205:
1652:
Batchelor, Daniel J.; Noble, Peter-John M.; Cripps, Peter J.; Taylor, Rebecca H.; McLean, Lynn; Leibl, Marion A.; German, AIexander J. (2007).
591:
in dog breeds found the Chow Chow to have the third highest prevalence with 4.7% of Chow Chow dogs having glaucoma compared to 0.89% overall.
1705:
883:
1866:
379:
1817:
1791:
1315:
McMillan, Kirsten M.; Bielby, Jon; Williams, Carys L.; Upjohn, Melissa M.; Casey, Rachel A.; Christley, Robert M. (February 1, 2024).
439:
Owning a Chow Chow can raise the cost of homeowners insurance because some companies consider them high-risk dogs. In a study in the
907:
698:
630:
455:
Different canine clubs worldwide may acknowledge different coat colors or even use alternative names for the colors mentioned above.
923:
1769:
1174:
298:, lit. "loose lion dog") for the breed, and hence of uncertain origin - possible and folk etymologies refer to Pidgin English.
2090:
1883:
1818:"Establishment of a Genetic Database for Disease Association Studies in the Major Histocompatibility complex for Purebred Dogs"
749:
acquired a Chow Chow in Hong Kong in 1898 and named it Bob. Bob rarely left the admiral's side and had the run of the cruiser
464:
1206:"Vet Med Today: Special Report – "Breeds of dogs involved in fatal human attacks in the United States between 1979 and 1998""
1143:
575:
Another North
American study looking at more than 250,000 elbow scans found the Chow Chow to have the highest prevalence of
365:
1481:
Gelatt, Kirk N.; MacKay, Edward O. (2004). "Prevalence of the breed-related glaucomas in pure-bred dogs in North
America".
569:
421:
2515:
393:
552:
A UK study found the life expectancy of the Chow Chow to be 12.1 years, just higher than the 12 year average for
534:
2194:
407:
716:
The Chow Chow's fur is particularly thick in the neck area, giving it a distinctive ruff or mane appearance.
664:
despite the breed making up 1.6% of the population. Pyometra was found to be more extreme in the breed with
564:
A North
American study looking at more than a million records of dogs found 6.44% of Chow Chow dogs to have
600:
1120:
2603:
2156:
318:
that is either smooth or rough. The fur is particularly thick in the neck area, giving it a distinctive
232:
that is either smooth or rough. The fur is particularly thick in the neck area, giving it a distinctive
2209:
1244:
244:
2342:
2332:
2312:
2264:
2234:
1437:
1328:
962:
565:
284:
280:
2593:
2523:
2456:
2289:
2254:
2199:
2126:
2083:
1940:
875:
618:
669:
2490:
2322:
2249:
2151:
1236:
807:
774:
689:
443:, Chow Chow were responsible for 8 out of 238 fatalities related to dog bites from 1979 to 1998.
169:
2528:
2538:
2373:
351:
2433:
2393:
2229:
2136:
1747:
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1406:
1398:
1362:
1344:
1228:
1041:
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903:
879:
750:
681:
611:
327:
shaped. The breed is unique by their purple/blue-black tongue which no other breed has except
2568:
2548:
2505:
2451:
2352:
2347:
2337:
2327:
2317:
2121:
2026:
1731:
1665:
1618:
1575:
1537:
1490:
1445:
1426:"Long-term genetic selection reduced prevalence of hip and elbow dysplasia in 60 dog breeds"
1390:
1352:
1336:
1220:
1031:
1021:
980:
970:
17:
1821:
1795:
236:
or mane appearance. The coat may be shaded/self-red, black, blue, cinnamon/fawn, or cream.
2543:
2533:
2244:
2041:
2036:
2031:
1858:
825:
576:
319:
233:
492:
186:
1441:
1357:
1332:
1316:
966:
927:
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1892:
1670:
1653:
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985:
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770:
685:
642:
506:
2587:
2443:
2413:
2204:
2146:
2131:
2116:
1965:
1935:
1494:
1182:
734:
1240:
951:"Rethinking dog domestication by integrating genetics, archeology, and biogeography"
478:
310:
A close-up of the Chow Chow's characteristic blue-black tongue in a female Chow Chow
2500:
2471:
2461:
2398:
2304:
2219:
2186:
1960:
794:
746:
726:
339:
252:
202:
1151:
1450:
1425:
869:
568:
compared with 3.52% overall. The study also found 4.3% of Chow Chow dogs to have
2388:
2368:
2279:
2274:
2259:
2161:
1955:
820:
802:
766:
756:. Bob died in 1899 due to eating chocolates given to Dewey by well-wishers upon
315:
306:
229:
225:
37:
1622:
1340:
1224:
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2423:
2284:
2057:
2016:
1394:
1026:
784:
604:
273:
1743:
1679:
1630:
1587:
1533:
1502:
1459:
1402:
1348:
2269:
2141:
2108:
1995:
1970:
1290:
1261:
1204:
J. Sacks, Jeffrey; Sinclair, Leslie; Gilchrist, Julie (September 15, 2000).
975:
816:
261:
221:
1751:
1595:
1551:
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1410:
1366:
1232:
1045:
994:
1638:
2476:
2466:
2428:
2418:
2408:
2383:
2021:
1985:
1980:
812:
661:
649:
610:
A review of studies in
Australia found the Chow Chow to be prediposed to
588:
335:
328:
269:
1735:
2294:
2224:
1950:
1792:"Positional Cloning of the Gene(s) for Gastric Cancer in the Chow Chow"
1085:
1059:
665:
553:
1579:
174:
1887:
641:
An
Austrian case series found an odds ratio of 23.53 for contracting
1424:
Oberbauer, A. M.; Keller, G. G.; Famula, T. R. (February 24, 2017).
323:
16:
This article is about the breed of dog. For the pickled relish, see
1317:"Longevity of companion dog breeds: those at risk from early death"
652:
found the breed to be over-represented with an odds ratio of 7.89.
2572:
2564:
2239:
2099:
2068:
2000:
1990:
633:
in breeds found the Chow Chow to be predisposed to the condition.
305:
251:
243:
217:
61:
1654:"Breed Associations for Canine Exocrine Pancreatic Insufficiency"
1389:(12). American Veterinary Medical Association (AVMA): 1818–1824.
1010:"The origin of chow chows in the light of the East Asian breeds"
738:
2072:
1896:
579:, with 48.6% of dogs over the age of 2 having elbow dysplasia.
1975:
660:
In a Belgian study Chow Chow bitches made up 6.4% of cases of
599:
A study looking at records from a small animal clinic at the
1696:
Gough, Alex; Thomas, Alison; O'Neill, Dan (April 23, 2018).
1291:"Chow Chow Colors: A Guide To Rare Colors Of Chow Chow Dogs"
265:
including its dark tongue, coat of fur, and stronger build.
1175:"Will Your Canine Affect Your Homeowners Insurance Policy?"
248:
Red Craze, a prominent male red Chow Chow, c. Early 1900s
918:
916:
294:
is unlinked to any Chinese name such as the modern 鬆獅狗 (
1383:
Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association
556:
and lower than the 12.7 years average for purebreeds.
441:
Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association
283:
registers approximately 10,000 Chow Chows a year. The
272:
through swampy terrain, and this was remarked upon by
1142:
Kathy Welsh; Anna Wallace; Vicki DeGruy (2001–2010).
1119:. CHOWCHOW.at Alle Rechte vorbehalten. Archived from
2514:
2442:
2361:
2303:
2185:
2107:
2050:
2009:
1928:
1327:(1). Springer Science and Business Media LLC: 531.
180:
168:
163:
147:
139:
113:
105:
95:
84:
76:
71:
57:
47:
30:
1700:. Hoboken: John Wiley & Sons. pp. 71–72.
815:, a dog-breed created through crossing Chow Chow,
1698:Breed Predispositions to Disease in Dogs and Cats
1436:(2). Public Library of Science (PLoS): e0172918.
386:Purple-black tongue in a female Chow Chow puppy
2084:
1908:
863:
861:
8:
1859:"Walt Disney's Chow "SUNNEE" Inspires Movie"
900:The Dog: Its Behavior, Nutrition, and Health
859:
857:
855:
853:
851:
849:
847:
845:
843:
841:
1691:
1689:
1150:. WisconsinChow Chow Rescue. Archived from
730:A female Chow Chow competing in dog agility
2091:
2077:
2069:
1915:
1901:
1893:
617:A US case study found a predisposition to
160:
68:
36:
27:
1669:
1541:
1449:
1356:
1148:Chow Chow Information and Adoption Center
1035:
1025:
984:
974:
603:found the Chow Chow to be predisposed to
1084:American Kennel Club (January 1, 2006).
902:(2nd ed.), p. 23. Blackwell Publishing.
725:
1658:Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine
837:
694:
688:. Chow Chows are a high risk breed for
457:
344:
260:The Chow Chow has been identified as a
1869:from the original on January 16, 2016.
777:where Lady is gifted in the same way.
1284:
1282:
1144:"The Truth About Those Black Tongues"
471:5 Chow Chows of different coat colors
372:Dense double coat on a male Chow Chow
182:Fédération Cynologique Internationale
7:
1923:Dogs originating in China and Taiwan
648:A US study looking at cases of oral
570:cranial cruciate ligament deficiency
452:considered standard for this breed.
868:Wilcox, Charlotte (April 1, 1999).
1671:10.1111/j.1939-1676.2007.tb02950.x
1289:Jones, Christina (June 18, 2021).
1181:. AgentInsider.com. Archived from
587:A North American study looking at
346:The distinctive Chow Chow features
120:Red (light gold to deep red-brown)
80:17 to 22 inches (43 to 56 cm)
14:
1730:(6). SAGE Publications: 597–608.
1262:"Chow Chow Dog Breed Information"
631:exocrine pancreatic insufficiency
1495:10.1111/j.1463-5224.2004.04006.x
1086:"AKC MEET THE BREEDS: Chow Chow"
926:. Chow Chow Club. Archived from
787:
709:
697:
533:
519:
505:
491:
477:
463:
420:
406:
392:
378:
364:
350:
2599:Dog breeds originating in China
1617:(1). SAGE Publications: 19–27.
1522:The Canadian Veterinary Journal
414:Sturdy build, square in profile
1516:DW, Scott; M, Paradis (1990).
680:The Chow Chow can suffer from
459:The different Chow Chow colors
1:
704:A Chow Chow with reddish coat
287:registers approximately 350.
123:Cinnamon (light tan to brown)
101:35–85 lb (16–39 kg)
91:40–90 lb (18–41 kg)
1451:10.1371/journal.pone.0172918
1111:CHOWCHOW.at (June 9, 1999).
1092:. American Kennel Club (AKC)
955:Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A
763:s arrival in New York City.
621:with an odds ratio of 12.3.
1064:Online Etymology Dictionary
625:Gastrointestinal conditions
583:Ophthalmological conditions
572:compared to 2.52% overall.
400:Bluish lips and oral cavity
2620:
1847:. Free Press. p. 128.
1623:10.1177/030098589403100103
1341:10.1038/s41598-023-50458-w
1225:10.2460/javma.2000.217.836
42:A cinnamon Chow Chow puppy
15:
2557:
1395:10.2460/javma.232.12.1818
1027:10.1186/s12864-017-3525-9
595:Dermatological conditions
428:A reddish-brown Chow Chow
196:
185:
173:
159:
150:
142:
116:
108:
79:
67:
35:
2195:Black Norwegian Elkhound
1483:Veterinary Ophthalmology
1113:"The FCI Breed Standard"
924:"Colours and coat types"
1843:Coren, Stanley (1997).
976:10.1073/pnas.1203005109
898:Case, Linda P. (2005).
656:Reproductive conditions
614:with a 7.1 odds ratio.
1568:Veterinary Dermatology
737:had a Chow Chow named
731:
629:A UK study looking at
601:University of Montreal
311:
257:
249:
2157:Mackenzie River husky
1664:(2). Wiley: 207–214.
1173:InsuranceAgents.com.
729:
637:Neoplastic conditions
309:
255:
247:
164:Kennel club standards
2343:Pembroke Welsh Corgi
2333:Nenets Herding Laika
2313:Cardigan Welsh Corgi
2265:Russo-European Laika
2235:Karelo-Finnish Laika
1865:. February 4, 2014.
1724:Veterinary Pathology
1611:Veterinary Pathology
1266:American Kennel Club
1154:on September 7, 2019
1090:American Kennel Club
285:Canadian Kennel Club
281:American Kennel Club
2524:Argentine polar dog
2457:American Eskimo Dog
2290:West Siberian Laika
2255:Norwegian Lundehund
2200:East Siberian Laika
2127:Canadian Eskimo Dog
1941:Chinese Crested Dog
1766:"Diabetes Mellitus"
1736:10.1354/vp.37-6-597
1442:2017PLoSO..1272918O
1333:2024NatSR..14..531M
1185:on October 14, 2012
1179:InsuranceAgents.com
967:2012PNAS..109.8878L
619:pemphigus foliaceus
560:Skeletal conditions
256:A Chow Chow in 1915
2491:Northern Inuit Dog
2323:Icelandic Sheepdog
2250:Norwegian Elkhound
2210:Hällefors Elkhound
2152:Kamchatka Sled Dog
1845:What Do Dogs Know?
1824:on October 2, 2011
1798:on October 2, 2011
1772:on October 2, 2011
1321:Scientific Reports
1250:on April 11, 2015.
1123:on August 11, 2012
949:Larson, G (2012).
808:List of dog breeds
775:Lady and the Tramp
745:U.S. Navy admiral
732:
690:autoimmune disease
358:Straight hind legs
312:
258:
250:
170:China Kennel Union
2581:
2580:
2434:Thai Bangkaew Dog
2394:Hmong bobtail dog
2230:Karelian Bear Dog
2137:Chukotka sled dog
2066:
2065:
1707:978-1-119-22554-6
1580:10.1111/vde.12317
1574:(3). Wiley: 167.
930:on March 28, 2012
885:978-0-7368-0159-1
682:diabetes mellitus
612:atopic dermatitis
290:The English name
210:
209:
192:
191:
155:
154:
2611:
2549:Tahltan Bear Dog
2506:Volpino Italiano
2452:Alaskan Klee Kai
2353:Swedish Vallhund
2348:Swedish Lapphund
2338:Norwegian Buhund
2328:Lapponian Herder
2318:Finnish Lapphund
2122:Alaskan Malamute
2093:
2086:
2079:
2070:
2027:Tibetan Kyi Apso
1917:
1910:
1903:
1894:
1871:
1870:
1855:
1849:
1848:
1840:
1834:
1833:
1831:
1829:
1820:. Archived from
1814:
1808:
1807:
1805:
1803:
1794:. Archived from
1788:
1782:
1781:
1779:
1777:
1768:. Archived from
1762:
1756:
1755:
1718:
1712:
1711:
1693:
1684:
1683:
1673:
1649:
1643:
1642:
1606:
1600:
1599:
1562:
1556:
1555:
1545:
1513:
1507:
1506:
1478:
1472:
1471:
1453:
1421:
1415:
1414:
1377:
1371:
1370:
1360:
1312:
1306:
1305:
1303:
1301:
1286:
1277:
1276:
1274:
1272:
1258:
1252:
1251:
1249:
1243:. Archived from
1210:
1201:
1195:
1194:
1192:
1190:
1170:
1164:
1163:
1161:
1159:
1139:
1133:
1132:
1130:
1128:
1108:
1102:
1101:
1099:
1097:
1081:
1075:
1074:
1072:
1070:
1056:
1050:
1049:
1039:
1029:
1005:
999:
998:
988:
978:
946:
940:
939:
937:
935:
920:
911:
896:
890:
889:
865:
797:
792:
791:
790:
762:
713:
701:
676:Other conditions
537:
523:
509:
495:
481:
467:
424:
410:
396:
382:
368:
354:
224:originally from
205:
199:
161:
140:Litter size
109:Thick and coarse
69:
50:
40:
28:
18:Chow-chow (food)
2619:
2618:
2614:
2613:
2612:
2610:
2609:
2608:
2584:
2583:
2582:
2577:
2553:
2544:Salish Wool Dog
2534:Hare Indian Dog
2510:
2438:
2357:
2299:
2245:Norrbottenspets
2181:
2103:
2097:
2067:
2062:
2046:
2042:Tibetan Terrier
2037:Tibetan Spaniel
2032:Tibetan Mastiff
2005:
1924:
1921:
1880:
1875:
1874:
1857:
1856:
1852:
1842:
1841:
1837:
1827:
1825:
1816:
1815:
1811:
1801:
1799:
1790:
1789:
1785:
1775:
1773:
1764:
1763:
1759:
1720:
1719:
1715:
1708:
1695:
1694:
1687:
1651:
1650:
1646:
1608:
1607:
1603:
1564:
1563:
1559:
1528:(12): 830–835.
1515:
1514:
1510:
1480:
1479:
1475:
1423:
1422:
1418:
1379:
1378:
1374:
1314:
1313:
1309:
1299:
1297:
1288:
1287:
1280:
1270:
1268:
1260:
1259:
1255:
1247:
1208:
1203:
1202:
1198:
1188:
1186:
1172:
1171:
1167:
1157:
1155:
1141:
1140:
1136:
1126:
1124:
1110:
1109:
1105:
1095:
1093:
1083:
1082:
1078:
1068:
1066:
1058:
1057:
1053:
1007:
1006:
1002:
961:(23): 8878–83.
948:
947:
943:
933:
931:
922:
921:
914:
897:
893:
886:
867:
866:
839:
834:
826:Tibetan Mastiff
793:
788:
786:
783:
760:
724:
717:
714:
705:
702:
678:
658:
639:
627:
597:
585:
577:elbow dysplasia
562:
550:
543:
542:
538:
529:
528:
524:
515:
514:
510:
501:
500:
496:
487:
486:
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2177:Sakhalin Husky
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2172:Yakutian Laika
2169:
2167:Siberian Husky
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2144:
2139:
2134:
2129:
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2205:Finnish Spitz
2203:
2201:
2198:
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871:The Chow Chow
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19:
2604:Spitz breeds
2561:
2501:Tonya Finosu
2485:(Zwergspitz)
2472:German Spitz
2462:Danish Spitz
2399:Indian Spitz
2378:
2362:Asian breeds
2305:Herding dogs
2187:Hunting dogs
1961:Laizhou Hong
1945:
1862:
1853:
1844:
1838:
1826:. Retrieved
1822:the original
1812:
1800:. Retrieved
1796:the original
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1774:. Retrieved
1770:the original
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1386:
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1310:
1298:. Retrieved
1294:
1269:. Retrieved
1265:
1256:
1245:the original
1216:
1212:
1199:
1187:. Retrieved
1183:the original
1178:
1168:
1156:. Retrieved
1152:the original
1147:
1137:
1125:. Retrieved
1121:the original
1116:
1106:
1094:. Retrieved
1089:
1079:
1067:. Retrieved
1063:
1054:
1017:
1014:BMC Genomics
1013:
1003:
958:
954:
944:
934:December 16,
932:. Retrieved
928:the original
899:
894:
870:
795:China portal
765:
757:
752:
747:George Dewey
744:
733:
722:Notable dogs
679:
670:endotoxaemia
659:
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628:
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296:song shi gou
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291:
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278:
267:
259:
213:
211:
203:domestic dog
22:
2479:(Wolfspitz)
2389:Donggyeongi
2260:Pungsan dog
1956:Kunming dog
1117:CHOWCHOW.at
821:Samoyed dog
803:Dogs portal
767:Walt Disney
554:crossbreeds
435:Temperament
316:double coat
279:Today, the
262:basal breed
230:double coat
49:Other names
2594:FCI breeds
2588:Categories
2529:Guejae Gae
2496:Schipperke
2483:Pomeranian
2424:Ryukyu dog
2374:Bắc Hà dog
2285:Taiwan Dog
2100:Spitz-type
2058:Taiwan Dog
2017:Lhasa Apso
1020:(1): 174.
832:References
739:Jo-Fi Ling
672:reported.
605:alopecia X
302:Appearance
274:Marco Polo
151:12.1 years
2539:HĂĽtespitz
2379:Chow Chow
2270:Shiba Inu
2240:Kishu Ken
2142:Eurohound
2109:Sled dogs
1996:Xiasi Dog
1971:Pekingese
1946:Chow Chow
1884:Chow Chow
1863:ChowTales
1744:0300-9858
1680:0891-6640
1631:0300-9858
1588:0959-4493
1534:0008-5286
1503:1463-5216
1460:1932-6203
1403:0003-1488
1349:2045-2322
817:Wolfspitz
751:USS
292:Chow Chow
270:dog sleds
222:dog breed
220:-type of
214:Chow Chow
31:Chow Chow
25:Dog breed
2477:Keeshond
2467:Eurasier
2429:Shar Pei
2419:Nureongi
2409:Jeju dog
2384:Dikkulak
2280:Jämthund
2215:Hokkaido
2022:Shih Tzu
1986:Tang Dog
1981:Shar-Pei
1867:Archived
1752:11105949
1596:27188769
1552:17423707
1468:28234985
1430:PLOS ONE
1411:18598150
1367:38302530
1358:10834484
1241:10817039
1233:10997153
1189:July 10,
1158:July 10,
1127:July 10,
1096:July 10,
1069:July 16,
1046:28201986
995:22615366
876:Capstone
813:Eurasier
781:See also
662:pyometra
650:melanoma
589:glaucoma
336:Shar Pei
329:Shar Pei
187:standard
175:standard
2295:Zerdava
2275:Shikoku
2225:Kai Ken
2162:Samoyed
2132:Chinook
1951:Fu Quan
1828:July 2,
1802:July 2,
1776:July 2,
1639:8140722
1543:1480900
1438:Bibcode
1329:Bibcode
1300:June 8,
1295:PupVine
1271:June 8,
1037:5312535
986:3384140
963:Bibcode
758:Olympia
753:Olympia
666:anaemia
240:History
98:Females
2562:Types:
2051:Taiwan
1888:Curlie
1750:
1742:
1704:
1678:
1637:
1629:
1594:
1586:
1550:
1540:
1532:
1501:
1466:
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1409:
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1365:
1355:
1347:
1239:
1231:
1060:"Chow"
1044:
1034:
993:
983:
906:
882:
684:, and
548:Health
447:Colors
114:Colour
85:Weight
77:Height
72:Traits
58:Origin
2573:Tugou
2569:Laika
2565:Husky
2369:Akita
2220:Jindo
2010:Tibet
2001:Xigou
1991:Tugou
1929:China
1248:(PDF)
1237:S2CID
1213:JAVMA
1209:(PDF)
761:'
541:Black
485:Cream
218:spitz
216:is a
129:Cream
126:Black
88:Males
62:China
2102:dogs
1830:2011
1804:2011
1778:2011
1748:PMID
1740:ISSN
1702:ISBN
1676:ISSN
1635:PMID
1627:ISSN
1592:PMID
1584:ISSN
1548:PMID
1530:ISSN
1499:ISSN
1464:PMID
1456:ISSN
1407:PMID
1399:ISSN
1363:PMID
1345:ISSN
1302:2023
1273:2023
1229:PMID
1191:2012
1160:2012
1129:2012
1098:2012
1071:2024
1042:PMID
991:PMID
936:2012
904:ISBN
880:ISBN
819:and
668:and
527:Blue
499:Fawn
324:mane
320:ruff
234:ruff
212:The
106:Coat
53:Chow
1976:Pug
1886:at
1732:doi
1666:doi
1619:doi
1576:doi
1538:PMC
1491:doi
1446:doi
1391:doi
1387:232
1353:PMC
1337:doi
1221:doi
1217:217
1032:PMC
1022:doi
981:PMC
971:doi
959:109
513:Red
322:or
198:Dog
143:4–7
2590::
2571:,
2567:,
1861:.
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1738:.
1728:37
1726:.
1688:^
1674:.
1662:21
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1281:^
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1018:18
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