651:
627:
868:
1857:
250:
751:
2082:
982:
364:
767:
823:
role grew in importance as more of a steward of lands to care more directly than the king could and was placed in the hands of aristocracy. One of the most notable figures in this role was
Warnachaire, mayor of the palace of Burgundy in 613, who was one of the leaders responsible for capturing Brunhild, and held the position until his death in 626. Warnachaire's wife, Berthe, was likely a daughter of Clothar.
478:
36:
921:
623:, Fredegund escaped custody of the bishop and fled Rouen. During Sunday Mass, Pretextatus was stabbed, although he did not die immediately. Fredegund attempted to fetch doctors and gain his favor. However, he openly accused her of being behind this attack and the murder of the various kings. He publicly cursed and denounced her before dying soon after.
584:
his authority, replaced key figures in the episcopal see of the church and moved its location. Bishop
Promotus of Châteaudun, whose diocese was demoted after the parish council of Paris in 573, saw this as a violation of canon law; after the death of Sigebert I, he demanded to return from exile, and was thus restored much of his personal property.
1322:
429:. On the death of Charibert in 567, the land was again split between the three survivors, of greatest importance Sigebert (Metz) received Paris and Chilperic (Soissons) received Rouen. The names Austrasia and Neustria seem to have appeared as the names of these kingdoms for the first time at this point.
822:
An important key aspect that was maintained in all three administrations of the kingdoms even after unification was the presence of the Mayors of the Palace. The mayor of the palace was originally the king's servant in charge of administrative events of the palace. During the royal feud, however, the
805:
Brunhilde was accused of murdering ten members of the
Neustrian royal family, as well as other Frankish royalty, and was tried and convicted. She underwent a very severe torture and execution by being dragged on the back of a horse and drawn-and-quartered. After this victory, Clothar was left as the
646:
The
Austrasia-Burgundy union lasted only until 595, when the death of Childebert II brought it to an end. His realm was then split between his two sons: Theudebert II inherited Austrasia, while Theuderic II received the kingdom of Burgundy. The two brothers then campaigned united against their cousin
579:
Guntram convened a meeting of
Greater Neustria, in which the court recognized Clothar as the son of Chilperic, although there were some doubts about his paternal identity. It was at this time that they gave him the name Clothar, naming him after his grandfather. Guntram then took legal responsibility
583:
Ansoald was responsible for regaining control of cities
Neustria had lost since the death of Chilperic. They then swore allegiance to Guntram and Clothar after their capture. Guntram, attempting to restore order in the affairs of Neustria, likely against the advice of Fredegund and, perhaps, to show
989:
Clothar died in 629 at age 45 and was buried, like his father, in the Saint
Vincent Basilica of Paris, later incorporated into the church of Saint-Germain-des-Prés. His rule lasted longer than any other Merovingian king save for his grandfather, Chlothar I. Clothar's son Dagobert, who had been king
902:
Clothar was no exception in the line of
Merovingians of its history of family feuding. This was considered to be a very 'barbarian' custom. However, he was one of the few Merovingians that did not practice polygamy, instead remaining faithful to a single wife until her death. He remained respectful
847:
monarchy squarely under ecclesiastical control and also greatly pleased the nobles, from whose ranks the bishops were ordinarily exclusively drawn. Article 11 of the Edict states that it is to restore "peace and discipline in kingdom" and "suppress rebellion and insolence". The edict was ratified
464:
Moreover, Fredegund strove to ensure her position, since she was from lower origins, by eliminating the sons that
Chilperic had with his previous wife Audovera: Merovech and Clovis. Her own children, however, died at a very young age and appeared to be by foul play. When Fredegund had a son in the
642:
Fredegund then offered to negotiate peace and sent ambassadors to
Guntram. But they were arrested and Guntram severed relations with Neustria, approaching Brunhilda and Childebert II, with whom he concluded the pact of Andelot: agreeing that upon the death of one of the two kings, the other would
638:
The queen then used her new freedom to rally as many nobles and bishops as could be found to her son. She was reinstalled into power despite Guntram's exile of her. Guntram then attempted to weaken Fredegund's influence by swaying some of the Neustrian aristocracy to his side, and keep Neustrian
520:
Under Frankish customs, newborns did not receive names initially, in order not to spread concern related to the symbolic name of the Merovingian. Wanting to choose a name based on the development of unrest in the kingdom of the Franks, his father did not baptize him immediately. Chilperic and
575:
when Chilperic was murdered, considered an attack on Paris, but Guntram was ahead of him. Childebert II began negotiations with Brunhilda on one hand, Guntram on the other; Guntram, however, refused many of his requests, including allowing him into Paris. He refused to deliver Fredegund, whom
611:
During the summer of 585, Guntram returned to Paris to act as godfather of Clothar, as he swore to Fredegund, along with three bishops and three hundred nobles of Neustria who recognized Clothar II as the son of Chilperic I. However, the baptism at this time was postponed. It was expected to
460:
Chilperic agreed, at first, to pay a sum of money to end the feud, but not soon after decided to embark on a series of military operations against Sigebert. This was the beginning of what is called the "royal feud " which did not end until Brunhilda died in 613. The main episodes until the
503:
by Gregory of Tours in the late sixth century only recounts up to 591. It is favorable to Queen Brunhild, Sigebert, and Chilperic but extremely hostile to Fredegund. The Chronicle of Fredegar, beginning in 584, on the other hand is extremely hostile to Brunhild. That chronicle includes:
599:
towards Austrasian influence, with the help of bishops Gregory of Tours and Venantius Fortunat. Guntram responded by sending troops to recover the lost cities that promptly returned their loyalties to Guntram and Clothar. Fredegund was sent to the Villa de Vaudreuil, in the diocese of
741:
In 610 Theudebert and Theuderic entered into a war. Theudebert won initial victories in 610, which led Theuderic to approach Clothar, promising to return northern Neustria to him for his aid. Theudebert was crushed in 612, at the battles of Toul and Tolbiac, near Cologne.
457:. In 568 she was murdered and within days, after a brief period of grieving, Chilperic officially married Fredegund and elevated her to a queen of a Frankish kingdom. "After this action his brothers thought that the queen mentioned above had been killed at his command..."
906:
In 617, he renewed the treaty of friendship that bound the Frankish kings with the kings of the Lombards. He likely had the policy of maintaining good relations with Christianized-barbarian peoples so long as they kept good relations themselves with the Church.
711:, with the remainder split between the two brothers. At this point, however, the two brothers took up arms against each other. In 605, he invaded Theuderic's kingdom, but did not subdue it. He remained often at war with Theuderic until the latter died in
848:
for all three kingdoms. Owing to several abuses of powers by officials, many of whom had been appointed by Chilperic, several mandates were made, among them the requirement that officials must have come from the region they officiate over.
758:
As agreed, Theuderic ceded northern Neustria to Clothar, but then turned around and organized an invasion of Neustria. However he died of dysentery in Metz in 613. His troops dispersed immediately, and Brunhilda placed her great-grandson
461:
assassination of Chilperic in 584 were as follows: the assassination of Sigebert (575), the imprisonment of Brunhilde and her marriage to a son of Chilperic, and the return of Brunhilda to her son Childebert II, successor of Sigebert.
802:. Both of them and Sigebert's younger brother Corbo were executed by Chlothar's orders, then proceeded to execute many of the family members of this house except Merovech, his godson, and perhaps Childebert who had fled.
563:
Fredegund managed to keep most of the treasury of the state as well as key political figures, such as the generals Ansoald and Audon, although many, such as chamberlain Eberul, abandoned her. She took her son to
903:
of the Church and its doctrines, keeping it as an ally. He likely tried to maintain himself as a pious king, inspired by the holiness of his uncle Guntram who had protected him and allowed him the throne.
521:
Fredegund desired to protect their child, since their four older sons may have been victims of murder, and there was much political intrigue at the time. He was raised in secret in the royal villa in
666:, and the armies of Theudebert and Theuderic were defeated. Fredegund died in 597, leaving Clothar to rule over Neustria alone, although the boy king didn't do anything significant for 2 more years.
658:
In 593, although only as a symbolic presence since he was only nine years old, Clothar II appeared at the head of his army, which routed the Austrasian Duke Wintrio who was invading Neustria, in the
327:
a role held for life, an important step in the progress of this office from being first the manager of the royal household to the effective head of government, and eventually the monarch, under
568:
and sent a message to Guntram, King of Burgundy, asking him to adopt the child and offer his protection to him in return for exercising his authority over Neustria until the boy came of age.
532:. This event produced general disorder and unrest. In this time Austrasians plundered parts of Neustria, seizing valuable treasures and goods, as well as important documents. Princess
323:
in 614, concerned with several aspects of appointments to offices and the administration of the kingdom, has been interpreted in different ways by modern historians. In 617 he made the
894:
At the same time, Clothar made territorial changes by assigning the region of Reims to Neustria. But Dagobert, now the semi-autonomous king of Austrasia, negotiated its return in 626.
650:
312:
in 613, after winning the battle that enabled Chlothar to unite Francia under his rule. Like his father, he built up his territories by seizing lands after the deaths of other kings.
402:
being distributed separately. In the year 550, Clothar I, the last survivor of four brothers reunited the Frankish kingdom, and added Burgundian territory (Burgundia) by conquest.
2788:
421:
in Orleans, which then included the Burgundian kingdom territory (Burgundia). They divided Aquitaine separately again. Very quickly, Sigebert moved his capital from Reims to
315:
His reign was long by contemporary standards, but saw the continuing erosion of royal power to the French nobility and the church against a backdrop of feuding among the
1570:
Points / Seuil, 1990, pp. 117–119 (Part 1, Chapter 5 . "Royal feud (561–603)") and pp. 122–130; Part II, Chapter 1: "Clothar II and Dagobert (613–639)."
499:. It is possible, however, that the authors contain a degree of bias in their works; for instance Gregory was a key figure in some of the conflicts of the time.
616:, but Austrasia refused to participate if Guntram would not disinherit Clothar. The council was moved to Burgundy and Clothar was baptized on 23 October 585.
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1676:
1049:, sister of Gomatrude, who later married Dagobert I, and probably sister of Brodulfe, who would later support Charibert II. From this marriage there was:
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and was murdered at the order of Brunhilda by Bertoald. Clothar agreed that he would become the godfather of Theuderic's son in 607, naming him Merovech.
794:, but the Patrician Aletheus, Duke Rocco, and Duke Sigvald deserted the host and the grand old woman and her king had to flee. They got as far as the
2137:
300:
of Burgundy, who died in 592. Chlothar took power upon the death of his mother in 597; though rich, his realm was one of the smallest portions of
371:
The domain of Clothar II was located in the territorial and political framework derived from the Frankish kingdom present at 561 at the death of
1836:
639:
lands he held between the Loire and Seine by rallying Duke Beppolène. In 587, he managed to capture the towns of Angers, Saintes, and Nantes.
346:, though early deaths meant that he had three wives. He was generally an ally of the church and, perhaps inspired by the example of his uncle
367:
The kingdom of Chlothar at the start of his reign (yellow). By 613 he had inherited or conquered all of the coloured portions of the map.
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662:. In 596, Clotaire and Fredegund took Paris, which was supposed to be held in common. Fredegund, then her son's regent, sent a force to
718:
In 604, a first attempt to reconquer his kingdom ended in failure for Clothar. His son Merovech was taken prisoner by Theuderic at the
1530:
544:, who stole all that remained of her dowry, so that she was forced to abandon the marriage. Wars broke out between rival cities, and
1856:
1302:
1313:
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of Austrasia, succeeded his father in Neustria and Burgundy. Dagobert's half-brother, Charibert, however became king of Aquitaine.
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249:
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1462:(592–639). translation by François Guizot and Romain Fern, Paleo, Clermont – Ferrand, "Sources of the history of France", 2004,
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626:
296:, he started his reign as an infant under the regency of his mother, who was in an uneasy alliance with Chlothar's uncle King
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1648:
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1607:
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1544:
1516:
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1467:
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2081:
1612:
942:
483:
2099:
733:, King of the Lombards. The coalition against Theuderic does not appear to have been followed by significant effects.
931:
2773:
2758:
1829:
891:, mayor of the palace of Austrasia, the two leading Austrasian nobles, who were effectively granted semi-autonomy.
783:
950:
935:
725:
Around the same time, Theuderic, seeking a marriage to the Spanish Visigoth princess Ermenberge, daughter of King
2678:
1549:
867:
790:, and the entire realm was delivered into Chlothar's hands. Brunhilda and Sigebert met Chlothar's army on the
647:
Chlothar II of Neustria, but their alliance lasted only until 599, when they took up arms against each other.
2147:
1525:. Atlande, coll. Key Contest 2003 (biographies : " Chilperic ", " Fredegonde ", " Brunhild "), 575 pp.
1115:
1034:, was likely the daughter of Richomer, patrician of the Burgundians, and Gertrude. This marriage produced:
528:
In September 584, Chilperic I was murdered after a hunt near his villa of Chelles, perhaps on the order of
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1804:
1785:
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Chlothar was induced by Warnachar and Rado to make the mayoralty of the palace a lifetime appointment at
2504:
1822:
696:
496:
981:
814:
Upon his unification of all Franks, Clothar took up residence in Paris and in the villas of Alentours.
729:, created new political tensions. Witteric then negotiated with Clothar II for an alliance, as well as
719:
2539:
2534:
2499:
2465:
2440:
2430:
1587:(New genealogical history of the august house of France, vol. 1), ed. Patrick van Kerrebrouck, 1993,
631:
405:
In 561, the four sons of Clothar I followed the events of 511 similarly and split the kingdom again:
2768:
2763:
2689:
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2568:
2544:
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2494:
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2445:
2425:
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2400:
2331:
2326:
2282:
2158:
1845:
1185:
1017:
779:
426:
324:
278:
218:
750:
2715:
2625:
2588:
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2529:
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2435:
2415:
2410:
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2356:
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852:
270:
1201:
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Merovech, who was captured during a campaign against Burgundy and killed on orders of Brunhilda.
1170:
643:
inherit his kingdom. In 592 Guntram died and Childebert became king of Austrasia and Burgundy.
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2405:
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2361:
1661:
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1627:
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1557:
1540:
1526:
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1477:
1463:
1157:
A Short History of Europe: From the Fall of the Roman Empire to the Fall of the Eastern Empire
1012:(†640). Though recently it has been suggested that she may have instead been the daughter of
1005:
684:
197:
2698:
2651:
2579:
2455:
2321:
1504:
786:, mayor of the palace of Burgundy, abandoned the cause of Brunhilda and her great-grandson,
659:
492:
437:
In 560, Sigebert and Chilperic married two sisters, daughters of the Visigoth king of Spain
2475:
2341:
2316:
2300:
1387:
The History of the Medieval World: From the Conversion of Constantine to the First Crusade
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565:
522:
350:, his reign seems to lack outrageous acts of murder, the execution of Brunhilda excepted.
328:
266:
1666:
1643:
Ivan Gobry, Clothar II, Editions Pygmalion al. " History of the Kings of France ", 2005
843:
from all civil employment for the Crown. The ban effectively placed all literacy in the
2386:
2247:
2040:
884:
836:
576:
Brunhilda claimed was behind the regicide of Sigebert I, Clovis, and even Chilperic I.
449:
respectively. However Chilperic was still very much attached to his lover and consort,
363:
320:
766:
2752:
2346:
2272:
2237:
2202:
2070:
2022:
1944:
1938:
1671:
1326:
688:
587:
Two envoys from Brunhilde, Duke Gararic and chamberlain Eberon, succeeded in swaying
557:
454:
309:
477:
35:
2724:
2267:
2257:
2252:
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2227:
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2064:
2052:
2046:
2016:
2010:
1992:
1980:
1950:
1902:
1884:
1814:
1757:
1573:
1537:
Before France and Germany: The Creation and Transformation of the Merovingian World
1053:
840:
680:
316:
202:
77:
1402:, "judge", that is to say the earl or one of his subordinates. Cf. Lebecq, p. 125.
1129:
1110:
799:
2660:
2640:
2336:
2310:
2262:
2217:
2192:
2182:
2058:
2028:
1962:
1956:
1920:
1896:
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1717:
1693:
920:
844:
787:
760:
466:
414:
410:
289:
228:
134:
101:
62:
382:
On the death of Clovis in 511, four kingdoms were established with capitals at
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2287:
2212:
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1974:
1932:
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1908:
1795:
1744:
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880:
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336:
206:
144:
111:
72:
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2519:
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2004:
1890:
1765:
1733:
876:
775:
692:
540:, was captured by Duke Didier of Toulouse and was linked in conspiracy with
450:
399:
372:
332:
293:
282:
238:
699:), forcing him to sign a treaty that reduced his kingdom to the regions of
691:
of Austrasia, who were old enough to be his cousins. They defeated him at
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2509:
2291:
2167:
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1866:
1046:
1031:
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596:
553:
541:
387:
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343:
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with equal viciousness and bloodshed, finally achieving her execution by
274:
187:
182:
2187:
1926:
1680:. Vol. 6 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 557.
1476:, translation by O. DeVilliers and J. Meyers, Brepols Publishing, 2001
888:
730:
663:
588:
533:
418:
347:
301:
297:
213:
998:
He first married Haldetrude, with whom he had the following children:
2091:
806:
sole royal ruler of the Frankish peoples and consolidated his power.
704:
613:
883:. This was a political move as repayment for the support of Bishop
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856:
791:
765:
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708:
649:
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601:
592:
572:
549:
476:
391:
383:
362:
1325:
This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
1293:
married Brunhilda and Merovech, so making an enemy of Fredegund.
795:
712:
422:
2095:
1818:
1665:
1420:
Histoire de France de l'Abbé Velly, Tome I (1752), pp. 244–247
914:
1041:
Bertha, wife of Warnachaire, mayor of the palace of Burgundy.
839:, which reserved many rights to the Frankish nobles while it
1617:
The Long-Haired Kings, and Other Studies in Frankish History
1303:
Fastes juifs, romains et françois [by J.B. Mailly].
798:, but Chlothar's soldiers caught up with them by the lake
465:
spring of 584, he would have been the future successor of
453:, causing Galswintha to wish to return to her homeland in
1429:
Histoire de France de l'Abbé Velly, Tome I (1752), p. 247
604:, where she was put under the supervision of the bishop
481:
A treaty of King Chlothar II and the Lombards (from the
580:
of the child, adopting him and becoming his godfather.
1363:
For the mayors of the palace, cf. Lebecq, pp. 125–126.
491:
The main sources from the time are the chronicles of
715:
in late 613 while preparing a campaign against him.
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2688:
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2578:
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117:
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84:
68:
58:
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21:
342:Unusually for a Merovingian monarch, he practised
269:: le Jeune), (May/June 584 – 18 October 629) was
1523:Societies in Mid-Late Sixth–Ninth Century Europe
1160:. G. Routledge & sons, limited. p. 241.
746:War between Clothar and Austrasia-Burgundy (613)
1521:Deflou, Noelle Leca, and Alain Dubreucq (eds.)
619:While Guntram campaigned to capture Visigothic
1511:. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press,
331:in 751. Chlothar was forced to cede rule over
2107:
1830:
1374:Medieval Law and the Foundations of the State
8:
1130:"Chlotar II | Merovingian king | Britannica"
737:War between Austrasia and Burgundy (610–612)
304:. He continued his mother's feud with Queen
949:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
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2100:
2092:
1837:
1823:
1815:
1684:
1509:Merovingian Military Organization, 481–751
425:, while Guntram moved his from Orléans to
18:
2789:Burials at Saint-Germain-des-Prés (abbey)
1389:, (W.W. Norton & Company, 2010), 251.
969:Learn how and when to remove this message
359:Frankish territories in the sixth century
980:
1460:Chronicles of the time of King Dagobert
1234:
1192:, Paris, Ă©ditions Fayard, 2008, p. 212.
1103:
1069:
654:A young Clothar at the head of the army
630:Fredegund is cursed by Pretextatus, by
1725:King of the Franks at Soisson/Neustria
1600:Known genealogy of the kings of France
1376:, (Oxford University Press, 2001), 14.
1343:Continuation de la Chronique d'Isidore
1232:
1230:
1228:
1226:
1224:
1222:
1220:
1218:
1216:
1214:
679:In 599, he made war with his nephews,
536:, on the way to Spain to marry Prince
1026:(c. 603–639), King of the Franks
7:
2735:Debatable or disputed rulers are in
947:adding citations to reliable sources
1667:"Clotaire s.v. Clotaire II."
1539:. Oxford: Oxford University Press
511:Clothar II deals with the Lombards
14:
1624:The Merovingian Kingdoms, 450–751
1038:A son who died in infancy in 617.
898:Barbarian and Christian relations
831:In 614, Chlothar II convoked the
770:Brunhilde is dragged to her death
2080:
1855:
1320:
985:Imaginary portrait of Clothar II
919:
863:Dagobert King of Austrasia (623)
248:
34:
1805:King of the Franks in Austrasia
1786:King of the Franks in Burgundy
1585:The Prehistory of the Capetians
1154:Terry, Charles Sanford (1911).
875:In 623, he gave the kingdom of
469:, if he had lived long enough.
379:and grandfather of Clothar II.
1474:Chronicle of Merovingian Times
1:
1602:, Gisserot Publishing, 1999,
1291:Prætextatus (Bishop of Rouen)
871:Clothar and a young Dagobert
810:King of All Franks (613–629)
763:on the throne of Austrasia.
612:reconvene at the council of
484:Grandes Chroniques de France
1056:(†632), king of Aquitaine.
508:The Biography of Clothar II
2810:
2794:7th-century Frankish kings
2784:6th-century Frankish kings
1535:Geary, Patrick J. (1988).
1318:, Rivingtons, 1908, p. 174
571:Childebert II, who was at
2733:
2127:
2078:
1862:
1853:
1802:
1792:
1783:
1775:
1741:
1722:
1714:
1687:
1008:, married in 618 to King
501:The History of the Franks
46:King of Neustria/Soissons
33:
26:
1598:Volkmann, Jean-Charles.
487:manuscript, 14th c.
2779:Medieval child monarchs
2148:List of French monarchs
1677:Encyclopædia Britannica
1339:Chronique de Frédégaire
1116:Encyclopedia Britannica
16:Frankish king (584–629)
2654:(1814–1815; 1815–1830)
2143:List of Frankish kings
2138:Simplified family tree
1999:Childebert the Adopted
1613:Wallace-Hadrill, J. M.
1583:Settipani, Christian.
1578:The Dark Ages, 476–918
1316:The Dark Ages, 476-918
986:
872:
771:
755:
754:Clothar slays Bertoald
655:
635:
488:
433:Ambitions of Fredegund
368:
1622:Wood, Ian N. (1994).
1556:. London: Blackwell,
1488:History of the Franks
1173:History of the Franks
984:
870:
769:
753:
653:
629:
497:Chronicle of Fredegar
480:
366:
166:late 629 or early 630
2133:Detailed family tree
1580:. London: Rivingtons
1568:The Frankish Origins
1505:Bachrach, Bernard S.
1494:Contemporary studies
943:improve this section
835:and promulgated the
818:Mayors of the Palace
632:Lawrence Alma-Tadema
525:to avoid detection.
292:and his third wife,
2569:Henry VI of England
1846:Merovingian dynasty
1694:Merovingian dynasty
1626:. London: Longman,
1277:Grégoire de Tours,
1264:Grégoire de Tours,
1251:Grégoire de Tours,
1238:Grégoire de Tours,
1045:In 618, he married
1018:mayor of the palace
780:mayor of the palace
675:Battle of Dormelles
325:mayor of the Palace
261:, sometimes called
40:Coin of Chlothar II
2716:House of Bonaparte
2626:House of Bonaparte
2556:House of Lancaster
2122:Monarchs of France
1662:Pfister, Christian
1566:Lebecq, Stéphane.
1486:Gregory of Tours,
1279:Historia Francorum
1266:Historia Francorum
1253:Historia Francorum
1240:Historia Francorum
1190:La reine Brunehaut
1171:Gregory of Tours,
1134:www.britannica.com
987:
873:
853:Bonneuil-sur-Marne
782:of Austrasia, and
772:
756:
656:
636:
489:
369:
271:king of the Franks
28:King of the Franks
2774:Frankish warriors
2759:Merovingian kings
2744:
2743:
2705:Louis Philippe II
2628:(1804–1814; 1815)
2089:
2088:
1813:
1812:
1793:Succeeded by
1769:
1752:
1742:Succeeded by
1619:. London: Methuen
1595:, pp. 92–100
1398:The word used is
1030:His second wife,
1006:Emma of Austrasia
979:
978:
971:
879:to his young son
720:Battle of Étampes
670:Ruler of Neustria
335:to his young son
256:
255:
118:King of Austrasia
2801:
2699:Louis Philippe I
2690:House of Orléans
2652:House of Bourbon
2580:House of Bourbon
2116:
2109:
2102:
2093:
2084:
1859:
1839:
1832:
1825:
1816:
1776:Preceded by
1762:
1750:
1715:Preceded by
1710:
1703:
1685:
1681:
1669:
1443:
1436:
1430:
1427:
1421:
1418:
1412:
1409:
1403:
1396:
1390:
1383:
1377:
1370:
1364:
1361:
1355:
1352:
1346:
1341:, IV, 42 ;
1336:
1330:
1324:
1323:
1311:
1305:
1300:
1294:
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1275:
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1243:
1236:
1209:
1199:
1193:
1183:
1177:
1168:
1162:
1161:
1151:
1145:
1144:
1142:
1140:
1126:
1120:
1108:
1092:
1074:
1059:Oda, a daughter.
974:
967:
963:
960:
954:
923:
915:
833:Council of Paris
660:Battle of Droizy
493:Gregory of Tours
252:
85:King of Burgundy
38:
19:
2809:
2808:
2804:
2803:
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2800:
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2749:
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2620:
2574:
2549:
2476:House of Valois
2470:
2381:
2342:Charles the Fat
2301:Pepin the Short
2286:
2277:
2153:
2152:
2123:
2120:
2090:
2085:
2076:
2061:(717–720)
2031:(675–679)
2019:(662–675)
2001:(656–661)
1995:(634–656)
1983:(629–632)
1977:(623–634)
1971:(584–623)
1965:(561–584)
1953:(612–613)
1947:(595–612)
1941:(575–595)
1935:(561–575)
1929:(561–592)
1923:(561–567)
1917:(511–561)
1911:(548–555)
1905:(533–548)
1899:(511–533)
1893:(511–524)
1887:(511–558)
1881:(481–511)
1875:(457–481)
1869:(450–458)
1860:
1849:
1843:
1808:
1798:
1789:
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1456:
1451:
1446:
1440:Mildrith Legend
1437:
1433:
1428:
1424:
1419:
1415:
1411:Lebecq, p. 127.
1410:
1406:
1397:
1393:
1385:S. Wise Bauer,
1384:
1380:
1371:
1367:
1362:
1358:
1354:Lebecq, p. 126.
1353:
1349:
1337:
1333:
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1314:Oman, Charles.
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530:Queen Brunhilda
523:Vitry-en-Artois
518:
475:
435:
361:
356:
329:Pepin the Short
205:
192:
168:(aged 45 or 46)
167:
76:
41:
17:
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2041:Childebert III
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1809:613–623
1800:
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1790:613–629
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1672:Chisholm, Hugh
1656:
1655:External links
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2023:Theuderic III
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1638:On Clothar II
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186:
184:
181:
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177:
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153:
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143:
139:
136:
133:
129:
125:
121:
116:
113:
110:
106:
103:
100:
96:
92:
88:
83:
79:
75:(in Neustria)
74:
71:
67:
64:
61:
57:
53:
49:
44:
37:
32:
29:
25:
20:
2746:
2736:
2725:Napoleon III
2703:
2677:
2670:
2639:
2613:
2567:
2559:
2554:
2515:Charles VIII
2283:Carolingians
2268:Theuderic IV
2258:Chilperic II
2253:Dagobert III
2233:Childeric II
2228:Chlothar III
2207:
2173:Childebert I
2159:Merovingians
2065:Theuderic IV
2053:Chilperic II
2047:Dagobert III
2017:Childeric II
2011:Chlothar III
1993:Sigebert III
1981:Charibert II
1968:
1951:Theuderic II
1903:Theudebert I
1885:Childebert I
1848:(400–751 AD)
1803:
1784:
1763:
1760:
1758:Charibert II
1749:
1748:
1737:
1731:
1723:
1706:
1699:
1692:
1689:Chlothar II
1675:
1637:
1636:
1623:
1616:
1599:
1584:
1577:
1567:
1553:
1536:
1522:
1508:
1498:
1497:
1487:
1473:
1472:Fredegaire,
1459:
1449:Bibliography
1442:, p. 9.
1439:
1434:
1425:
1416:
1407:
1399:
1394:
1386:
1381:
1373:
1368:
1359:
1350:
1342:
1338:
1334:
1315:
1309:
1298:
1286:
1278:
1273:
1265:
1260:
1252:
1247:
1239:
1205:
1197:
1189:
1181:
1172:
1166:
1156:
1149:
1139:19 September
1137:. Retrieved
1133:
1124:
1114:
1106:
1089:
1085:
1081:
1077:
1072:
1054:Charibert II
1044:
1029:
1020:in Neustria.
997:
988:
965:
959:October 2019
956:
941:Please help
929:
905:
901:
893:
874:
850:
830:
827:Edict of 614
821:
813:
804:
773:
757:
740:
724:
717:
681:Theuderic II
678:
657:
645:
641:
637:
618:
610:
586:
582:
578:
570:
562:
527:
519:
500:
490:
482:
463:
459:
436:
404:
381:
370:
341:
317:Merovingians
314:
287:
262:
258:
257:
203:Charibert II
158:May/June 584
80:in Aquitaine
78:Charibert II
27:
2718:(1852–1870)
2692:(1830–1848)
2661:Louis XVIII
2641:Napoleon II
2582:(1589–1792)
2560:(1422–1453)
2505:Charles VII
2478:(1328–1589)
2352:Charles III
2337:Carloman II
2313:(Charles I)
2311:Charlemagne
2263:Chlothar IV
2218:Sigebert II
2208:Chlothar II
2193:Chilperic I
2183:Charibert I
2059:Chlothar IV
2029:Dagobert II
1969:Chlothar II
1963:Chilperic I
1957:Sigebert II
1921:Charibert I
1897:Theuderic I
1873:Childeric I
1779:Sigibert II
1751:in Neustria
1718:Chilperic I
845:Merovingian
788:Sigebert II
761:Sigebert II
606:Pretextatus
467:Chilperic I
415:Charibert I
411:Chilperic I
290:Chilperic I
288:The son of
285:(613–623).
277:(584–629),
263:"the Young"
259:Chlothar II
229:Chilperic I
219:Merovingian
135:Sigibert II
131:Predecessor
102:Sigibert II
98:Predecessor
63:Chilperic I
59:Predecessor
22:Chlothar II
2769:629 deaths
2764:584 births
2753:Categories
2635:Napoleon I
2615:Louis XVII
2594:Louis XIII
2540:Charles IX
2535:Francis II
2500:Charles VI
2466:Charles IV
2441:Philip III
2431:Louis VIII
2396:Hugh Capet
2389:(987–1328)
2322:Charles II
2306:Carloman I
2288:Robertians
2213:Dagobert I
2198:Sigebert I
2178:Chlothar I
1975:Dagobert I
1933:Sigebert I
1915:Chlothar I
1909:Theudebald
1796:Dagobert I
1745:Dagobert I
1649:2857049668
1632:0582218780
1608:2877472086
1593:2950150934
1562:0631148728
1554:The Franks
1545:0195044584
1517:0816606218
1482:2503511511
1468:2913944388
1438:Rollason,
1208:, III, 93.
1202:Frédégaire
1111:Chlotar II
1099:References
1090:Chlotochar
1024:Dagobert I
1014:Erchinoald
881:Dagobert I
859:, in 617.
621:Septimania
558:Châteaudun
516:Early life
447:Galswintha
439:Athanagild
409:in Reims,
407:Sigebert I
354:Background
337:Dagobert I
207:Dagobert I
179:Haldetrude
145:Dagobert I
112:Dagobert I
73:Dagobert I
2672:Louis XIX
2666:Charles X
2609:Louis XVI
2599:Louis XIV
2545:Henry III
2525:Francis I
2520:Louis XII
2495:Charles V
2485:Philip VI
2446:Philip IV
2426:Philip II
2421:Louis VII
2401:Robert II
2332:Louis III
2294:(751–987)
2243:Clovis IV
2223:Clovis II
2161:(509–751)
2073:(743–751)
2067:(721–737)
2055:(715–721)
2049:(711–715)
2043:(695–711)
2037:(691–695)
2035:Clovis IV
2025:(675–691)
2013:(657–673)
2007:(639–657)
2005:Clovis II
1987:Chilperic
1891:Chlodomer
1766:Aquitaine
1738:(584–597)
1734:Fredegund
1268:, VII, 2.
1255:, VII, 9.
1206:Chronique
930:does not
877:Austrasia
800:Neuchâtel
776:Warnachar
697:Montereau
693:Dormelles
542:Gondovald
451:Fredegund
443:Brunhilda
400:Aquitaine
375:, son of
333:Austrasia
306:Brunhilda
294:Fredegund
283:Austrasia
273:, ruling
245:Signature
239:Fredegund
141:Successor
108:Successor
69:Successor
2604:Louis XV
2589:Henry IV
2530:Henry II
2510:Louis XI
2461:Philip V
2436:Louis IX
2416:Louis VI
2411:Philip I
2367:Louis IV
2357:Robert I
2327:Louis II
2292:Bosonids
2168:Clovis I
1879:Clovis I
1867:Merovech
1664:(1911).
1615:(1962).
1576:(1914).
1552:(1991).
1507:(1972).
1086:Clotaire
1047:Sichilde
1032:Bertrude
727:Witteric
701:Beauvais
685:Burgundy
597:Poitiers
554:Chartres
538:Reccared
495:and the
388:Soissons
344:monogamy
339:in 623.
279:Burgundy
275:Neustria
188:Sichilde
183:Bertrude
2737:italics
2679:Henry V
2490:John II
2451:Louis X
2406:Henry I
2377:Louis V
2372:Lothair
2362:Rudolph
2317:Louis I
2188:Guntram
1927:Guntram
1674:(ed.).
1082:Clothar
1078:Chlotar
951:removed
936:sources
889:Pepin I
855:, near
731:Agilulf
664:Laffaux
589:Limoges
546:Orléans
534:Rigunth
473:Sources
419:Guntram
396:Orléans
373:Clothar
348:Guntram
302:Francia
298:Guntram
173:Spouses
126:613–623
93:613–629
54:584–629
2456:John I
1705:
1647:
1630:
1606:
1591:
1560:
1543:
1529:
1515:
1480:
1466:
1281:, VII.
1242:, VII,
994:Family
705:Amiens
695:(near
614:Troyes
595:, and
455:Toledo
445:, and
427:Chalon
394:, and
377:Clovis
319:. The
267:French
235:Mother
225:Father
1989:(632)
1959:(613)
1732:with
1707:Died:
1700:Born:
1670:. In
1400:judex
1088:, or
1064:Notes
911:Death
857:Paris
792:Aisne
709:Rouen
602:Rouen
593:Tours
573:Meaux
566:Vitry
550:Blois
392:Paris
384:Reims
214:House
198:Issue
123:Reign
90:Reign
51:Reign
2290:and
1645:ISBN
1628:ISBN
1604:ISBN
1589:ISBN
1558:ISBN
1541:ISBN
1527:ISBN
1513:ISBN
1478:ISBN
1464:ISBN
1141:2022
934:any
932:cite
887:and
796:Orbe
784:Rado
713:Metz
707:and
687:and
552:and
423:Metz
163:Died
155:Born
2347:Odo
1764:in
1709:629
1702:584
945:by
683:of
2755::
1213:^
1204:,
1188:,
1132:.
1113:.
1084:,
1080:,
1016:,
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703:,
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591:,
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548:,
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390:,
386:,
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2285:,
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2108:t
2101:v
1838:e
1831:t
1824:v
1345:.
1329:.
1143:.
1119:.
972:)
966:(
961:)
957:(
953:.
939:.
634:.
265:(
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