25:
148:
1563:
Le déclin du
Gaulois et sa disparition ne s'expliquent pas seulement par des pratiques culturelles spécifiques: Lorsque les Romains conduits par César envahirent la Gaule, au 1er siecle avant J.-C., celle-ci romanisa de manière progressive et profonde. Pendant près de 500 ans, la fameuse période
1042:, no further margraves were appointed and "Neustria" was eclipsed as a European political term (present, however, in some Anglo-Norman chronicles and revived as synonymous with English possession of Normandy under Henry V by the St. Albans chronicler Thomas Walsingham in his Ypodigma Neustriae).
964:
and Paris by this time, as it was distanced from the central authority of
Charles the Bald and closer to that of Erispoe. Louis was the last Frankish monarch to be appointed to Neustria by his father and the practice of creating subkingdoms for sons waned among the later Carolingians.
709:
and the domain was thereafter under the control of the Franks. Constant re-divisions of territories by Clovis's descendants resulted in many rivalries that, for more than two hundred years, kept
Neustria in almost constant warfare with Austrasia, the eastern portion of the Frankish
1829:
773:
by forcing the
Austrasian king Siegebert III to adopt his son Childebert who succeeded as "Childebert the Adopted". Grimoald and his son Childebert were arrested by Neustrian forces and executed in Paris.
838:
then became united under one authority and, although it would split once again into various eastern and western divisions, the names "Neustria" and "Austrasia" gradually fell out of use.
1824:
752:
and stretched for three days, then chained between four horses and eventually ripped limb from limb. Clotaire now ruled a united realm, but only for a short time as he made his son
1839:
960:
from the Breton monarch with the consent of the
Frankish magnates. This unique relationship for Neustria stressed how it had shrunk in size to definitely exclude the
1844:
1564:
gallo-romaine, le gaulois et le latin parlé coexistèrent; au VIe siècle encore; le temoignage de Grégoire de Tours atteste la survivance de la langue gauloise.
147:
1588:
1322:
898:
778:, after this execution, again reunited the Austrasian kingdom with Neustria, although temporarily. During or soon after the reign of Clovis's son
1556:
1531:
1819:
1748:
1632:
108:
748:, and finally triumphed in 613 when Brunhilda's followers betrayed the old queen into his hands. Clotaire had Brunhilda put to the
944:(843). Charles continued the tradition of appointing an elder son to reign in Neustria with his own court at Le Mans when he made
851:
1521:
501:
476:
1834:
46:
621:
is mostly explained as "new western land", although Taylor (1848) suggested the interpretation of "northeastern land".
89:
1814:
61:
1794:
1213:
370:
1469:
35:
1420:
122:
42:
68:
1620:
698:
415:
782:, the dynasty of Neustria, like that of Austrasia before it, ceded authority to its own mayor of the palace.
1656:
609:
monarchy in the late 10th century, when the term was eclipsed as a
European political or geographical term.
237:
1056:
831:
formally deposed the
Merovingians and took control of the empire, he and his descendants ruling as kings.
745:
299:
75:
677:
domination. It was contrasted with the northeast, which was called
Austrasia, the same term as given to
269:
1334:
925:
813:
737:
717:
Despite the wars, Neustria and
Austrasia re-united briefly on several occasions. The first was under
57:
1346:
1316:
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980:
974:
945:
906:
763:
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481:
351:
292:
1726:
1660:
1426:
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king of
Austrasia. Dagobert's accession in Neustria resulted in another temporary unification.
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1744:
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402:
337:
244:
224:
211:
1694:
1627:. The Peoples of Europe. Oxford, UK; Cambridge, Massachusetts: Basil Blackwell. p. 232.
1607:
1718:
1415:
1340:
1039:
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949:
941:
929:
669:
632:
547:
428:
1714:
1449:
1303:
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385:
1743:. Innes, Matthew; MacLean, Simon. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 38–39.
1650:
1578:
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1297:
1158:
1027:
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1038:
in power by that time and the peak of Viking and Breton raiding had passed. After the
82:
1808:
1583:
1380:
1182:
1146:
1134:
855:
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447:
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1170:
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905:
appears to be Le Mans, where the royal court of Charles was established. Under the
779:
590:
218:
1496:
789:, subdued the Austrasians for the last time. Ebroin was murdered in 680. In 687,
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1110:
1098:
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1034:
was elected to the kingship. The subsidiary counts of Neustria had exceeded the
894:
820:
741:
730:
726:
24:
1410:
The chief contemporary chronicles written from a Neustrian perspective are the
1398:
1366:
1219:
1116:
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1031:
992:
828:
753:
721:
during his reign from 558 to 562. The struggle for power continued with Queen
718:
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230:
1758:
1710:
1328:
1291:
1285:
1237:
1207:
1152:
1122:
1074:
933:
921:
909:, the chief duty of the Neustrian king was to defend the sovereignty of the
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157:
793:, mayor of the palace of the King of Austrasia, defeated the Neustrians at
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322:
187:
165:
1592:. Vol. 19 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 441.
673:
was also employed as a term for northwestern Italy during the period of
1354:
1267:
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801:
was assassinated shortly afterwards and following a marriage alliance (
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578:
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563:
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543:
197:
816:, Pippin secured his position as mayor of the Neustrian palace.
770:
1577:
1357:
in 858 following the assassination of Erispoe in November 857.
1011:, often called the Breton March and Norman March respectively.
991:
that were ruled by officials appointed by the crown, known as
870:, or Duchy of Maine, and this was an alternative name for the
153:
18:
877:
The term "Neustria" took on the meaning of "land between the
573:
The same term later referred to a smaller region between the
1612:
Ebbs and Flows of Ancient Imperial Power, 3000 BC - 900 AD
1520:
Battye, Adrian; Hintze, Marie-Anne; Rowlett, Paul (2000).
1830:
States and territories disestablished in the 8th century
689:
The predecessor to Neustria was a Roman rump state, the
1680:, Ny, rev. och rikt illustrerad upplaga (1913), p. 841.
1003:. Originally, there were two marches, one against the
924:, but following his rebellion in 831, he gave it to
1709:appears to be preferred by some authors writing in
823:, continued to rule the two realms as mayors. With
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49:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1604:Historical Sketch of the German Emperors and Kings
1691:History of the Conquest of England by the Normans
729:(reigned 566–584) and the mother of the new king
948:king in 856. Louis married the daughter of the
858:twelve counties in Neustria centred on that of
538:, in contrast to the eastern Frankish kingdom,
1825:States and territories established in the 510s
1030:, ruled the whole of Neustria until 987, when
928:, and following the latter's death in 838, to
901:, in 790. At this time, the chief city of the
627:(1913) even suggested "not the eastern land" (
1551:. Ellipses Edition Marketing S.A. p. 7.
8:
733:(reigned 584–628), unleashing a bitter war.
146:
127:
542:. It initially included land between the
109:Learn how and when to remove this message
16:Western part of the kingdom of the Franks
940:kingdom carved out of the Empire by the
1840:8th-century disestablishments in Europe
1526:(2nd ed.). Routledge. p. 12.
1461:
874:of Neustria well into the 9th century.
827:'s blessing, after 751 the Carolingian
736:After his mother's death and burial in
597:which was a frontier duchy against the
593:. The Carolingian kings also created a
192:
1652:A Manual of Ancient and Modern History
1446:History of the conflicts of the Gauls
661:is even more explicit in the variant
424:
411:
407:
378:
363:
359:
349:
330:
311:
307:
297:
7:
1845:6th-century establishments in Europe
47:adding citations to reliable sources
1022:of both Marches and took the title
936:, formed the major part of Charles
920:granted Neustria to his eldest son
585:, a constituent subkingdom of the
14:
1421:Book of the History of the Franks
657:"eastern realm". The analogy to
499:
474:
23:
1549:Histoire de la langue française
744:continued the struggle against
725:of Neustria, the widow of King
34:needs additional citations for
1649:Taylor, William Cooke (1848).
785:In 678, Neustria, under Mayor
647:"western realm". In any case,
550:, in the north of present-day
1:
1723:Caesaris S.R.E. Card. Baronii
802:
315:
530:was the western part of the
1791:. Rivingtons: London, 1914.
1739:Costambeys, Marios (2011).
1576:Pfister, Christian (1911).
854:gave their younger brother
233:(from the late 8th century)
1861:
1820:Former countries in Europe
1364:
1314:
1193:
1054:
972:
819:Pippin's descendants, the
639:is simply a corruption of
120:
1523:The French Language Today
885:" when it was given as a
834:Neustria, Austrasia, and
453:
439:
408:
394:
360:
346:
308:
145:
140:
123:Neustria (disambiguation)
1801:. Clarendon Press: 1895.
1771:Hodgkin, vol. vii, p 25.
1547:Laurence, Hélix (2011).
1026:. His family, the later
651:contrasts with the name
227:(7th–late 8th centuries)
152:Neustria (northwest) in
1659:: D. Appleton. p.
1657:New York Public Library
1589:Encyclopædia Britannica
932:. Neustria, along with
808:) between Pippin's son
261:(until the 6th century)
247:(until the 8th century)
238:West Germanic languages
194:Official languages
1799:Italy and her Invaders
1676:Meijer et al. (eds.),
1610:; e.g. Will Slatyer,
1471:Chapter 18: The Franks
1353:Louis was chased from
1057:List of Frankish kings
842:Carolingian subkingdom
605:that lasted until the
1835:751 disestablishments
1789:The Dark Ages 476–918
1741:The Carolingian world
1412:History of the Franks
1365:Further information:
1315:Further information:
1311:Carolingian sub-kings
1194:Further information:
1055:Further information:
846:In 748, the brothers
570:as its main cities.
532:Kingdom of the Franks
204:Common languages
178:Kingdom of the Franks
1190:Mayors of the palace
1007:and one against the
926:Pepin I of Aquitaine
868:ducatus Cenomannicus
814:Anstrud of Champagne
812:and Berchar's widow
738:Saint Denis Basilica
693:. In 486 its ruler,
581:rivers known as the
135:Neustria, Neustrasia
121:For other uses, see
43:improve this article
1647:'"Ni-oster-rike" '
1501:The Free Dictionary
1427:Annals of St-Bertin
1347:Louis the Stammerer
1323:Charles the Younger
1317:Carolingian dynasty
1196:Mayor of the Palace
989:Marches of Neustria
975:Marches of Neustria
956:, and received the
946:Louis the Stammerer
907:Carolingian dynasty
899:Charles the Younger
897:to his second son,
797:. Neustria's mayor
740:near Paris in 597,
691:Kingdom of Soissons
685:Merovingian kingdom
482:Kingdom of Soissons
352:Mayor of the Palace
293:hereditary monarchy
221:(5th–7th centuries)
132:Kingdom of Neustria
1815:Merovingian period
1689:Augustin Thierry,
1678:Nordisk familjebok
1433:Annals of St-Vaast
1016:Robert I of France
913:over the Bretons.
767:Grimoald the Elder
699:Battle of Soissons
624:Nordisk familjebok
587:Carolingian Empire
416:Battle of Soissons
255:Minority languages
1602:y J. B. Benkard,
1558:978-2-7298-6470-5
1533:978-1-136-90328-1
1442:Flodoard of Reims
1374:Robert the Strong
1274:Pepin of Heristal
1264:, 682–686 (again)
1246:, 675–680 (again)
1051:Merovingian kings
969:Carolingian march
791:Pippin of Herstal
759:In Austrasia the
595:March of Neustria
536:Early Middle Ages
525:
524:
511:
510:
507:
506:
495:Kingdom of France
487:
486:
403:Early Middle Ages
338:Louis V of France
225:Old Gallo-Romance
212:Romance languages
119:
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1769:
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1762:
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1730:
1725:t. 11, (1867),
1719:Augustin Theiner
1704:
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1687:
1681:
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1668:
1667:
1645:
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1579:"Neustria"
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1507:
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1487:
1486:
1484:
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1466:
1416:Gregory of Tours
1387:Robert of France
1341:Charles the Bald
1040:Capetian Miracle
985:Charles the Bald
950:King of Brittany
942:Treaty of Verdun
930:Charles the Bald
829:Pippin the Short
807:
804:
633:Augustin Thierry
583:regnum Neustriae
548:Silva Carbonaria
503:
502:
491:
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478:
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429:Capetian dynasty
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156:, surrounded by
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19:
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1795:Hodgkin, Thomas
1781:
1779:Further reading
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1715:Caesar Baronius
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1497:"Gallo-Romance"
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1478:
1474:
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1467:
1463:
1458:
1450:Richer of Reims
1408:
1381:Eudes of France
1369:
1363:
1319:
1313:
1304:Pepin the Short
1198:
1192:
1059:
1053:
1048:
977:
971:
918:Louis the Pious
866:was termed the
848:Pepin the Short
844:
825:Pope Stephen II
805:
746:Queen Brunhilda
687:
679:eastern Francia
635:(1825) assumed
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475:
432:
418:
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381:• 741–751
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366:• 639–641
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333:• 986–987
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1406:Historiography
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1621:James, Edward
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1135:Theuderic III
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962:Île de France
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951:
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943:
939:
938:West Frankish
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32:This article
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1504:. Retrieved
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1481:February 14,
1479:. Retrieved
1470:
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1437:
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1411:
1409:
1372:
1352:
1177:Theuderic IV
1171:Chilperic II
1165:Dagobert III
1141:Childeric II
1129:Chlothar III
1081:Childebert I
1023:
1013:
987:created the
979:In 861, the
978:
957:
915:
886:
876:
871:
867:
845:
833:
821:Carolingians
818:
784:
780:Chlothar III
769:attempted a
758:
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658:
652:
648:
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640:
636:
629:icke östland
628:
622:
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591:West Francia
582:
572:
527:
526:
464:Succeeded by
463:
458:
431:established
270:Christianity
236:
219:Vulgar Latin
210:
105:
96:
86:
79:
72:
65:
53:
41:Please help
36:verification
33:
1665:Oster-rike.
1477:. p. 4
1280:Grimoald II
1204:, until 613
1111:Chlothar II
1099:Chilperic I
1093:Charibert I
1063:Childeric I
981:Carolingian
895:Charlemagne
742:Clotaire II
731:Clotaire II
727:Chilperic I
697:, lost the
534:during the
459:Preceded by
314:• 486–
1809:Categories
1713:, e.g. by
1707:Neustrasia
1625:The Franks
1506:2024-06-24
1456:References
1444:, and the
1399:Hugh Capet
1367:Robertians
1361:Robertians
1220:Erchinoald
1117:Dagobert I
1032:Hugh Capet
806: 690
754:Dagobert I
719:Clotaire I
663:Neustrasia
435:1 June 987
286:Government
277:Demonym(s)
231:Old French
99:March 2008
69:newspapers
58:"Neustria"
1759:617425106
1711:Neo-Latin
1401:, 956–987
1395:, 922–956
1389:, 911–922
1349:, 856–879
1343:, 838–856
1337:, 831–838
1331:, 817–831
1329:Lothair I
1325:, 790–811
1306:, 741–751
1300:, 718–741
1294:, 715–718
1292:Ragenfrid
1288:, 714–715
1286:Theudoald
1282:, 695–714
1276:, 688–695
1270:, 686–688
1252:, 680–682
1238:Leudesius
1234:, 673–675
1228:, 658–673
1222:, 641–658
1216:, 639–641
1210:, 613–639
1208:Gundoland
1185:, 743–751
1179:, 721–737
1173:, 715–721
1167:, 711–715
1161:, 695–711
1155:, 691–695
1153:Clovis IV
1149:, 675–691
1143:, 673–675
1131:, 657–673
1125:, 639–657
1123:Clovis II
1119:, 629–639
1113:, 584–629
1089:I 558–561
1075:Chlodomer
1028:Capetians
1024:demarchus
1001:margraves
934:Aquitaine
922:Lothair I
776:Clovis II
723:Fredegund
659:Austrasia
654:Austrasia
645:West-rike
617:The name
589:and then
540:Austrasia
386:Pepin III
281:Neustrian
266:Religion
162:Aquitaine
158:Austrasia
1693:(1825),
1623:(1988).
1614:(2012),
1606:(1855),
1262:Waratton
1256:Gistemar
1250:Waratton
1232:Wulfoald
1087:Chlothar
1069:Clovis I
1036:margrave
1020:margrave
1014:In 911,
1009:Norsemen
997:prefects
916:In 817,
852:Carloman
836:Burgundy
761:Pippinid
707:Clovis I
703:Frankish
695:Syagrius
670:Neustria
649:Neustria
637:Neustria
619:Neustria
607:Capetian
577:and the
568:Soissons
546:and the
528:Neustria
444:Currency
323:Clovis I
245:Frankish
188:Soissons
176:Part of
166:Burgundy
1586:(ed.).
1383:888–898
1377:853–866
1355:Le Mans
1268:Berchar
1202:Landric
1107:561–592
1105:Gontran
1101:567–584
1095:561–567
1083:511–558
1077:511–524
1071:481–511
1065:458–481
1018:became
1005:Bretons
993:wardens
954:Erispoe
903:kingdom
891:kingdom
862:. This
860:Le Mans
799:Berchar
712:Kingdom
701:to the
675:Lombard
643:, from
641:Westria
603:Vikings
599:Bretons
560:Orléans
554:, with
427:•
414:•
374:(first)
326:(first)
259:Gaulish
184:Capital
141:486–987
83:scholar
1757:
1747:
1727:p. 583
1721:(ed.)
1631:
1616:p. 323
1555:
1530:
1438:Annals
1436:, the
1430:, the
1424:, the
1418:, the
1244:Ebroin
1226:Ebroin
1046:Rulers
958:regnum
911:Franks
887:regnum
872:regnum
864:polity
795:Tertry
787:Ebroin
552:France
520:France
448:Denier
389:(last)
356:
341:(last)
304:
290:Feudal
173:Status
85:
78:
71:
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56:
1695:p. 55
1582:. In
1475:(PDF)
1335:Pepin
1258:, 682
1240:, 675
1137:, 673
983:king
893:) by
883:Loire
879:Seine
856:Grifo
810:Drogo
764:mayor
705:king
579:Loire
575:Seine
564:Tours
556:Paris
544:Loire
198:Latin
90:JSTOR
76:books
1755:OCLC
1745:ISBN
1629:ISBN
1608:p.2
1553:ISBN
1528:ISBN
1483:2024
1214:Aega
881:and
850:and
771:coup
750:rack
613:Name
601:and
371:Aega
318:509
300:King
164:and
62:news
1661:342
1448:by
1440:by
1414:by
999:or
631:).
421:486
154:714
45:by
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