1404:
1381:
202:
62:
42:
1424:
1423:
1403:
1380:
1553:
314:
The chlorarachniophytes only include five genera, which show some variation in their life-cycles and may lack one or two of the stages described above. Genetic studies place them among the
1826:
Cavalier-Smith (2017), "Kingdom
Chromista and its eight phyla: a new synthesis emphasising periplastid protein targeting, cytoskeletal and periplastid evolution, and ancient divergences",
3098:
1904:
1912:
243:, with branching cytoplasmic extensions that capture prey and connect the cells together, forming a net. These extensions are dependent on the presence of
201:
1948:
1563:
261:, which characteristically have a single subapical flagellum that spirals backwards around the cell body, and walled coccoid cells.
3124:
1982:
61:
1977:
1495:
Hirakawa; et al. (2011), "Morphological
Diversity between Culture Strains of a Chlorarachniophyte, Lotharella globosa",
1659:"Putative genome features of relic green alga-derived nuclei in dinoflagellates and future perspectives as model organisms"
2061:
2051:
2034:
1580:
1581:"Chlorarachniophytes form light- and Arp2/3 complex-dependent extensions that are involved in motility and predation"
1909:
3103:
1657:
Nakayama, Takuro; Takahashi, Kazuya; Kamikawa, Ryoma; Iwataki, Mitsunori; Inagaki, Yuji; Tanifuji, Goro (2020).
1090:
403:
1335:
640:
1232:
866:
299:, and by genetic similarities. The only other groups of algae that contain nucleomorphs are a few species of
3157:
2066:
1359:
1173:
1149:
1114:
729:
664:
420:
288:
spindle. The origin of the chloroplasts from green algae is supported by their pigmentation, which includes
3076:
1311:
1276:
1243:
688:
572:
3038:
1941:
1254:
1208:
1197:
589:
470:
453:
1265:
842:
548:
2029:
1287:
996:
936:
524:
273:
2968:
2887:
3129:
3085:
2870:
2693:
1504:
2973:
2882:
2876:
2683:
2454:
2329:
2171:
883:
329:), as algae, or in order Rhizochloridea, class Xanthomonadina (e.g., Deflandre, 1956), as protozoa.
2957:
2422:
2223:
1324:
1125:
1079:
712:
2916:
2826:
2779:
2688:
2339:
2334:
2115:
1348:
280:
between the middle two, which is a remnant of the alga's nucleus. This contains a small amount of
2046:
2024:
2012:
1987:
1801:
1639:
1477:
1300:
985:
175:
152:
56:
2176:
1899:
1871:
147:
2218:
2120:
1614:
Keeling PJ (2009). "Chromalveolates and the evolution of plastids by secondary endosymbiosis".
3111:
2726:
2442:
2437:
2397:
2293:
2056:
2019:
2007:
1997:
1934:
1853:
1730:
1688:
1631:
1596:
1559:
1532:
164:
3116:
3004:
2821:
2600:
2357:
1971:
1843:
1835:
1793:
1722:
1678:
1670:
1623:
1588:
1522:
1512:
1469:
159:
3152:
3008:
2545:
1916:
1044:
818:
1508:
2963:
2774:
2678:
2407:
2283:
2143:
2099:
2002:
1848:
1683:
1658:
1527:
1138:
981:
300:
272:. They are surrounded by four membranes, the outermost of which is continuous with the
236:
119:
99:
86:
41:
3146:
2864:
2836:
2652:
2449:
2349:
2163:
2148:
1627:
1473:
322:
1749:
1643:
1481:
1393:(Fp) through a pore of the cell wall (CW) from a walled amoeboid cell. Py: pyrenoid.
2987:
2905:
2844:
2816:
2797:
2786:
2768:
2759:
2749:
2585:
2550:
2537:
2527:
2432:
2417:
2412:
2402:
2384:
2270:
2260:
2195:
2138:
2130:
1162:
1103:
326:
251:
17:
1674:
1517:
3070:
2859:
2854:
2721:
2716:
2703:
2595:
2555:
2153:
1186:
321:
304:
289:
277:
265:
224:
1592:
2996:
2922:
2806:
2711:
2670:
2660:
2642:
2590:
2565:
2560:
2392:
2362:
2316:
2298:
2288:
1839:
1456:
Hibberd, David J.; Norris, Richard E. (1984). "Cytology and ultrastructure of
1390:
1221:
509:
269:
255:
3061:
1600:
2849:
2811:
2514:
2324:
2241:
1754:
73:
1857:
1758:, World-wide electronic publication, National University of Ireland, Galway
1734:
1692:
1635:
1536:
1926:
3055:
3016:
3012:
2910:
2522:
2497:
2233:
2088:
2041:
1957:
1555:
Unravelling the algae: the past, present, and future of algal systematics
1033:
315:
308:
258:
240:
228:
109:
1921:
223:
widely distributed in tropical and temperate waters. They are typically
3000:
2626:
1805:
1777:
285:
232:
1726:
3020:
3032:
1797:
1460:(Chlorarchniophyta Divisio nova, Chlorachniophyceae Classis nova)".
332:
So far sexual reproduction has only been reported in two species;
248:
244:
200:
303:, which also have plastids originating from green algae, and the
220:
3036:
1930:
1776:
Rogerson, Andrew; Hannah, Fiona J.; Anderson, O. Roger (1998).
281:
3090:
318:, a diverse group of amoeboid and amoeboid-like protozoa.
1579:
Avasthi, Prachee; MacQuarrie, Cameron Dale (2022-12-04).
1782:, an Inconspicuous Marine Amoeba from Benthic Sediments"
1709:
Shiratori, Takashi; Ishida, Ken-ichiro (March 2024). "
1095:(Ishida & Hara 1996) Ishida, Yabuki & Ota 2011
1713:
is a heterotrophic relative of chlorarachnid algae".
1364:
T.Shiratori, S.Fujita, T.Shimizu & K.Ishida 2017
1353:
T.Shiratori, S.Fujita, T.Shimizu & K.Ishida 2017
3045:
2947:
2896:
2835:
2796:
2758:
2747:
2702:
2669:
2651:
2640:
2623:
2578:
2536:
2513:
2506:
2495:
2383:
2348:
2315:
2269:
2258:
2232:
2211:
2204:
2193:
2162:
2129:
2108:
2098:
2085:
1704:
1702:
1552:Brodie, Juliet; Lewis, Jane (26 November 2007).
1292:(Ishida & Hara 1994) Ishida & Hara 1996
1750:"Chlorarachniophyceae [Chlorarachnea]"
1942:
1413:. Arrowheads indicate the parental cell wall.
8:
1433:with a single flagellum (Fl) and plastid (P)
307:, which acquired their chloroplasts from a
268:were presumably acquired by ingesting some
3033:
2755:
2744:
2648:
2637:
2633:
2620:
2510:
2503:
2492:
2380:
2345:
2312:
2276:
2266:
2255:
2208:
2201:
2190:
2105:
2095:
2082:
1949:
1935:
1927:
40:
31:
1847:
1682:
1547:
1545:
1526:
1516:
1409:Binary and quaternary cell divisions of
219:are a small group of exclusively marine
1448:
1376:
239:. Normally they have the form of small
1905:Systematic Biology: Chlorarachniophyta
1663:Communicative and Integrative Biology
1119:Shuhei, Kunihiko & Kenichiro 2007
1073:(Pascher 1939) Ishida & Hara 1996
7:
1178:Calderon-Saenz & Schnetter 1987
1167:Calderon-Saenz & Schnetter 1987
858:
834:
810:
704:
680:
656:
632:
564:
540:
516:
504:
445:
395:
388:
381:
373:
366:
359:
351:
1715:Journal of Eukaryotic Microbiology
25:
186:Cavalier-Smith, 1993, orth. zool.
1922:Tree of Life: Chlorarachniophyta
1628:10.1111/j.1550-7408.2008.00371.x
1474:10.1111/j.0022-3646.1984.00310.x
1422:
1402:
1379:
1213:Ishida, Nakayama & Hara 1996
1191:Ishida, Nakayama & Hara 1996
348:Based on Shiratori et al. 2024.
60:
206:A cultured chlorarachniophyte,
284:and divides without forming a
1:
1900:AlgaeBase: Chlorarachniophyta
1675:10.1080/19420889.2020.1776568
1084:Ishida, Yabuki & Ota 2011
1910:Systematic Biology: Cercozoa
1518:10.1371/journal.pone.0023193
1316:Ota, Ueda & Ishida 2007
1305:Ota, Ueda & Ishida 2007
3174:
1593:10.57844/arcadia-eqg7-kf54
1091:Amorphochlora amoebiformis
404:Amorphochlora amoebiformis
247:and polymerization of the
192:Hibberd & Norris, 1984
134:Hibberd & Norris, 1984
2982:
2743:
2636:
2619:
2491:
2379:
2311:
2279:
2254:
2189:
2081:
1965:
1870:Guiry, M.D.; Guiry, G.M.
1840:10.1007/s00709-017-1147-3
1336:Partenskyella glossopodia
972:Hibberd & Norris 1984
933:
880:
863:
856:
839:
832:
815:
808:
726:
709:
702:
685:
678:
661:
654:
641:Partenskyella glossopodia
637:
630:
586:
569:
562:
545:
538:
521:
514:
502:
467:
450:
443:
417:
400:
393:
386:
379:
371:
364:
357:
181:
174:
144:
139:
57:Scientific classification
55:
48:
39:
34:
867:Minorisa megafusiformis
1616:J. Eukaryot. Microbiol
1458:Chlorarachnion reptans
1436:Scale bar = 10 μm
1416:Scale bar = 10 μm
1396:Scale bar = 10 μm
1360:Viridiuvalis adhaerens
1226:Ishida & Hara 1996
1174:Cryptochlora perforans
1150:Chlorarachnion reptans
1064:Ishida & Hara 1996
730:Bigelowiella longifila
665:Chlorarachnion reptans
421:Viridiuvalis adhaerens
338:Cryptochlora perforans
334:Chlorarachnion reptans
276:, and contain a small
254:. They may also form
235:as well as conducting
212:
140:Orders & Families
50:Chlorarachnion reptans
1312:Norrisiella sphaerica
1259:Ota & Ishida 2005
689:Norrisiella sphaerica
355:Chlorarachniophyceae
274:endoplasmic reticulum
204:
1786:Invertebrate Biology
1778:"A Redescription of
1462:Journal of Phycology
969:Chlorarachniophyceae
471:Gymnochlora stellata
454:Gymnochlora dimorpha
130:Chlorarachniophyceae
35:Chlorarachniophytes
2995:organization type:
1748:M.D. Guiry (2016),
1509:2011PLoSO...623193H
1429:Flagellate cell of
1027:Cavalier-Smith 2017
1018:Cavalier-Smith 2017
843:Minorisa fusiformis
713:Bigelowiella natans
217:chlorarachniophytes
190:Chlorarachniophyta
18:Chlorarachniophytes
3077:Chlorarachniophyta
3047:Chlorarachniophyta
2629:
2625:
1915:2015-04-02 at the
1780:Rhabdamoeba marina
1711:Rhabdamoeba marina
1431:Lotharella globosa
1411:Lotharella globosa
1387:Lotharella globosa
1237:Ishida & Hara
997:Rhabdamoeba marina
937:Rhabdamoeba marina
213:
208:Lotharella globosa
3140:
3139:
3112:Open Tree of Life
3039:Taxon identifiers
3030:
3029:
3013:heliozoan amoebae
3005:amoeboflagellates
2969:Labyrinthomyxidae
2943:
2942:
2939:
2938:
2935:
2934:
2931:
2930:
2888:Globigerinitoidea
2739:
2738:
2735:
2734:
2615:
2614:
2611:
2610:
2574:
2573:
2487:
2486:
2483:
2482:
2479:
2478:
2475:
2474:
2471:
2470:
2467:
2466:
2463:
2462:
2398:Phaeogymnocellida
2375:
2374:
2371:
2370:
2307:
2306:
2294:Paracercomonadida
2250:
2249:
2185:
2184:
1727:10.1111/jeu.13010
1437:
1417:
1397:
1365:
1354:
1341:
1330:
1317:
1306:
1293:
1282:
1271:
1260:
1249:
1248:Dietz et al. 2003
1238:
1227:
1214:
1203:
1192:
1179:
1168:
1155:
1144:
1131:
1120:
1109:
1096:
1085:
1074:
1070:Chlorarachniaceae
1065:
1050:
1039:
1028:
1019:
1002:
991:
973:
958:
957:
948:
947:
922:
921:
913:
912:
904:
903:
895:
894:
796:
795:
786:
785:
777:
776:
768:
767:
759:
758:
750:
749:
741:
740:
619:
618:
610:
609:
601:
600:
491:
490:
482:
481:
432:
431:
377:Chlorarachniales
199:
198:
193:
187:
165:Chlorarachniaceae
135:
16:(Redirected from
3165:
3133:
3132:
3120:
3119:
3107:
3106:
3094:
3093:
3081:
3080:
3079:
3066:
3065:
3064:
3034:
2822:Silicoloculinida
2756:
2752:
2745:
2649:
2645:
2638:
2634:
2630:
2621:
2601:Plasmodiophorida
2511:
2504:
2500:
2493:
2381:
2358:Thaumatomonadida
2346:
2313:
2277:
2267:
2263:
2256:
2209:
2202:
2198:
2191:
2106:
2096:
2092:
2083:
1994:
1974:
1951:
1944:
1937:
1928:
1887:
1886:
1884:
1882:
1867:
1861:
1860:
1851:
1823:
1817:
1816:
1814:
1812:
1773:
1767:
1766:
1765:
1763:
1745:
1739:
1738:
1706:
1697:
1696:
1686:
1654:
1648:
1647:
1611:
1605:
1604:
1576:
1570:
1569:
1549:
1540:
1539:
1530:
1520:
1492:
1486:
1485:
1453:
1435:
1426:
1415:
1406:
1395:
1383:
1363:
1352:
1339:
1328:
1315:
1304:
1291:
1280:
1269:
1258:
1247:
1236:
1225:
1212:
1201:
1190:
1177:
1166:
1153:
1142:
1129:
1118:
1107:
1094:
1083:
1072:
1063:
1061:Chlorarachniales
1048:
1037:
1026:
1017:
1000:
989:
971:
859:
835:
811:
705:
681:
657:
633:
565:
541:
517:
505:
446:
396:
389:
382:
374:
367:
360:
352:
191:
185:
160:Chlorarachniales
133:
65:
64:
44:
32:
21:
3173:
3172:
3168:
3167:
3166:
3164:
3163:
3162:
3143:
3142:
3141:
3136:
3128:
3123:
3115:
3110:
3102:
3097:
3089:
3084:
3075:
3074:
3069:
3060:
3059:
3054:
3041:
3031:
3026:
3009:testate amoebae
2978:
2927:
2892:
2871:Globotruncanida
2831:
2792:
2748:
2731:
2698:
2694:Symphyacanthida
2665:
2641:
2624:
2607:
2570:
2546:Claustrosporida
2532:
2496:
2459:
2367:
2344:
2303:
2259:
2246:
2228:
2194:
2181:
2158:
2125:
2086:
2077:
2076:
1992:
1970:
1961:
1955:
1917:Wayback Machine
1896:
1891:
1890:
1880:
1878:
1869:
1868:
1864:
1825:
1824:
1820:
1810:
1808:
1798:10.2307/3227028
1775:
1774:
1770:
1761:
1759:
1747:
1746:
1742:
1708:
1707:
1700:
1656:
1655:
1651:
1613:
1612:
1608:
1585:Arcadia Science
1578:
1577:
1573:
1566:
1551:
1550:
1543:
1494:
1493:
1489:
1455:
1454:
1450:
1445:
1438:
1434:
1427:
1418:
1414:
1407:
1398:
1394:
1384:
1340:Ota et al. 2009
1329:Ota et al. 2009
1233:L. scrobicolata
1045:Minorisa minuta
964:
959:
949:
923:
914:
905:
896:
819:Minorisa minuta
797:
792:Chlorarachnida
787:
778:
769:
760:
751:
742:
620:
611:
602:
492:
483:
433:
346:
301:dinoflagellates
211:
132:
59:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
3171:
3169:
3161:
3160:
3158:Algal taxonomy
3155:
3145:
3144:
3138:
3137:
3135:
3134:
3121:
3108:
3095:
3082:
3067:
3051:
3049:
3043:
3042:
3037:
3028:
3027:
3025:
3024:
3017:sporozoan-like
2993:
2990:
2983:
2980:
2979:
2977:
2976:
2974:Rhizoplasmidae
2971:
2966:
2964:Gymnosphaerida
2961:
2953:
2951:
2949:Incertae sedis
2945:
2944:
2941:
2940:
2937:
2936:
2933:
2932:
2929:
2928:
2926:
2925:
2920:
2913:
2908:
2902:
2900:
2898:Incertae sedis
2894:
2893:
2891:
2890:
2885:
2883:Guembelitriida
2879:
2877:Heterohelicida
2873:
2867:
2862:
2857:
2852:
2847:
2841:
2839:
2833:
2832:
2830:
2829:
2824:
2819:
2814:
2809:
2802:
2800:
2794:
2793:
2791:
2790:
2783:
2777:
2775:Xenophyophorea
2772:
2765:
2763:
2753:
2741:
2740:
2737:
2736:
2733:
2732:
2730:
2729:
2724:
2719:
2714:
2708:
2706:
2700:
2699:
2697:
2696:
2691:
2686:
2684:Chaunocanthida
2681:
2679:Arthracanthida
2675:
2673:
2667:
2666:
2664:
2663:
2657:
2655:
2646:
2631:
2617:
2616:
2613:
2612:
2609:
2608:
2606:
2605:
2604:
2603:
2598:
2588:
2582:
2580:
2576:
2575:
2572:
2571:
2569:
2568:
2563:
2558:
2553:
2548:
2542:
2540:
2534:
2533:
2531:
2530:
2525:
2519:
2517:
2508:
2501:
2489:
2488:
2485:
2484:
2481:
2480:
2477:
2476:
2473:
2472:
2469:
2468:
2465:
2464:
2461:
2460:
2458:
2457:
2455:Ventricleftida
2452:
2447:
2446:
2445:
2440:
2435:
2427:
2426:
2425:
2420:
2415:
2410:
2408:Phaeosphaerida
2405:
2400:
2389:
2387:
2377:
2376:
2373:
2372:
2369:
2368:
2366:
2365:
2360:
2354:
2352:
2343:
2342:
2337:
2332:
2330:Spongomonadida
2327:
2321:
2319:
2309:
2308:
2305:
2304:
2302:
2301:
2296:
2291:
2286:
2284:Glissomonadida
2280:
2274:
2264:
2252:
2251:
2248:
2247:
2245:
2244:
2238:
2236:
2230:
2229:
2227:
2226:
2221:
2215:
2213:
2206:
2199:
2187:
2186:
2183:
2182:
2180:
2179:
2174:
2172:Chlorarachnida
2168:
2166:
2160:
2159:
2157:
2156:
2151:
2146:
2144:Desmothoracida
2141:
2135:
2133:
2127:
2126:
2124:
2123:
2118:
2112:
2110:
2103:
2100:Reticulofilosa
2093:
2079:
2078:
2075:
2074:
2073:
2072:
2071:
2070:
2067:Mesomycetozoea
2064:
2059:
2049:
2039:
2038:
2037:
2032:
2027:
2022:
2017:
2016:
2015:
2003:Diaphoretickes
2000:
1995:
1990:
1985:
1980:
1975:
1967:
1966:
1963:
1962:
1960:classification
1956:
1954:
1953:
1946:
1939:
1931:
1925:
1924:
1919:
1907:
1902:
1895:
1894:External links
1892:
1889:
1888:
1872:"Viridiuvalis"
1862:
1834:(1): 297–357,
1818:
1768:
1740:
1698:
1649:
1606:
1571:
1564:
1541:
1487:
1468:(2): 310–330.
1447:
1446:
1444:
1441:
1440:
1439:
1428:
1421:
1419:
1408:
1401:
1399:
1385:
1378:
1375:
1374:
1373:
1372:
1371:
1370:
1369:
1368:
1367:
1366:
1344:
1343:
1342:
1320:
1319:
1318:
1296:
1295:
1294:
1283:
1272:
1261:
1250:
1239:
1217:
1216:
1215:
1204:
1182:
1181:
1180:
1158:
1157:
1156:
1139:Chlorarachnion
1134:
1133:
1132:
1121:
1099:
1098:
1097:
1057:
1056:
1055:
1054:
1053:
1052:
1051:
1049:Del Campo 2013
1038:Del Campo 2013
1010:
1009:
1008:
1007:
1006:
1005:
1004:
1003:
982:incertae sedis
963:
960:
956:
955:
954:Chlorarachnea
951:
950:
946:
945:
942:
941:
932:
929:
928:
925:
924:
920:
919:
916:
915:
911:
910:
907:
906:
902:
901:
898:
897:
893:
892:
889:
888:
884:Minorisa magna
879:
876:
875:
872:
871:
862:
857:
855:
852:
851:
848:
847:
838:
833:
831:
828:
827:
824:
823:
814:
809:
807:
803:
802:
799:
798:
794:
793:
789:
788:
784:
783:
780:
779:
775:
774:
771:
770:
766:
765:
762:
761:
757:
756:
753:
752:
748:
747:
744:
743:
739:
738:
735:
734:
725:
722:
721:
718:
717:
708:
703:
701:
698:
697:
694:
693:
684:
679:
677:
674:
673:
670:
669:
660:
655:
653:
650:
649:
646:
645:
636:
631:
629:
626:
625:
622:
621:
617:
616:
613:
612:
608:
607:
604:
603:
599:
598:
595:
594:
585:
582:
581:
578:
577:
568:
563:
561:
558:
557:
554:
553:
544:
539:
537:
534:
533:
530:
529:
520:
515:
513:
503:
501:
498:
497:
494:
493:
489:
488:
485:
484:
480:
479:
476:
475:
466:
463:
462:
459:
458:
449:
444:
442:
439:
438:
435:
434:
430:
429:
426:
425:
416:
413:
412:
409:
408:
399:
394:
392:
387:
385:
380:
378:
372:
370:
365:
363:
358:
356:
350:
345:
342:
237:photosynthesis
205:
197:
196:
195:
194:
188:
184:Chlorarachnea
179:
178:
172:
171:
170:
169:
168:
167:
157:
156:
155:
142:
141:
137:
136:
127:
123:
122:
120:Reticulofilosa
117:
113:
112:
107:
103:
102:
97:
90:
89:
87:Diaphoretickes
84:
77:
76:
71:
67:
66:
53:
52:
46:
45:
37:
36:
27:Group of algae
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3170:
3159:
3156:
3154:
3151:
3150:
3148:
3131:
3126:
3122:
3118:
3113:
3109:
3105:
3100:
3096:
3092:
3087:
3083:
3078:
3072:
3068:
3063:
3057:
3053:
3052:
3050:
3048:
3044:
3040:
3035:
3022:
3018:
3014:
3010:
3006:
3002:
2998:
2994:
2991:
2989:
2985:
2984:
2981:
2975:
2972:
2970:
2967:
2965:
2962:
2960:
2959:
2955:
2954:
2952:
2950:
2946:
2924:
2921:
2919:
2918:
2914:
2912:
2909:
2907:
2904:
2903:
2901:
2899:
2895:
2889:
2886:
2884:
2880:
2878:
2874:
2872:
2868:
2866:
2865:Globigerinida
2863:
2861:
2858:
2856:
2853:
2851:
2848:
2846:
2843:
2842:
2840:
2838:
2837:Globothalamea
2834:
2828:
2825:
2823:
2820:
2818:
2815:
2813:
2810:
2808:
2804:
2803:
2801:
2799:
2795:
2789:
2788:
2784:
2781:
2778:
2776:
2773:
2770:
2767:
2766:
2764:
2761:
2757:
2754:
2751:
2746:
2742:
2728:
2725:
2723:
2720:
2718:
2715:
2713:
2710:
2709:
2707:
2705:
2701:
2695:
2692:
2690:
2687:
2685:
2682:
2680:
2677:
2676:
2674:
2672:
2668:
2662:
2659:
2658:
2656:
2654:
2653:Sticholonchea
2650:
2647:
2644:
2639:
2635:
2632:
2628:
2622:
2618:
2602:
2599:
2597:
2594:
2593:
2592:
2589:
2587:
2584:
2583:
2581:
2577:
2567:
2564:
2562:
2559:
2557:
2554:
2552:
2549:
2547:
2544:
2543:
2541:
2539:
2535:
2529:
2526:
2524:
2521:
2520:
2518:
2516:
2512:
2509:
2505:
2502:
2499:
2494:
2490:
2456:
2453:
2451:
2450:Tectofilosida
2448:
2444:
2441:
2439:
2436:
2434:
2431:
2430:
2428:
2424:
2423:Phaeoconchida
2421:
2419:
2416:
2414:
2411:
2409:
2406:
2404:
2401:
2399:
2396:
2395:
2394:
2391:
2390:
2388:
2386:
2382:
2378:
2364:
2361:
2359:
2356:
2355:
2353:
2351:
2350:Silicofilosea
2347:
2341:
2338:
2336:
2333:
2331:
2328:
2326:
2323:
2322:
2320:
2318:
2314:
2310:
2300:
2299:Cercomonadida
2297:
2295:
2292:
2290:
2287:
2285:
2282:
2281:
2278:
2275:
2272:
2268:
2265:
2262:
2257:
2253:
2243:
2240:
2239:
2237:
2235:
2231:
2225:
2224:Metromonadida
2222:
2220:
2217:
2216:
2214:
2210:
2207:
2203:
2200:
2197:
2192:
2188:
2178:
2175:
2173:
2170:
2169:
2167:
2165:
2164:Chlorarachnea
2161:
2155:
2152:
2150:
2149:Leucodictyida
2147:
2145:
2142:
2140:
2137:
2136:
2134:
2132:
2128:
2122:
2119:
2117:
2114:
2113:
2111:
2107:
2104:
2101:
2097:
2094:
2090:
2084:
2080:
2068:
2065:
2063:
2060:
2058:
2055:
2054:
2053:
2050:
2048:
2045:
2044:
2043:
2040:
2036:
2033:
2031:
2030:Stramenopiles
2028:
2026:
2023:
2021:
2018:
2014:
2011:
2010:
2009:
2006:
2005:
2004:
2001:
1999:
1996:
1993:(major groups
1991:
1989:
1986:
1984:
1981:
1979:
1976:
1973:
1969:
1968:
1964:
1959:
1952:
1947:
1945:
1940:
1938:
1933:
1932:
1929:
1923:
1920:
1918:
1914:
1911:
1908:
1906:
1903:
1901:
1898:
1897:
1893:
1877:
1873:
1866:
1863:
1859:
1855:
1850:
1845:
1841:
1837:
1833:
1829:
1822:
1819:
1807:
1803:
1799:
1795:
1791:
1787:
1783:
1781:
1772:
1769:
1757:
1756:
1751:
1744:
1741:
1736:
1732:
1728:
1724:
1721:(2): e13010.
1720:
1716:
1712:
1705:
1703:
1699:
1694:
1690:
1685:
1680:
1676:
1672:
1668:
1664:
1660:
1653:
1650:
1645:
1641:
1637:
1633:
1629:
1625:
1621:
1617:
1610:
1607:
1602:
1598:
1594:
1590:
1586:
1582:
1575:
1572:
1567:
1565:9780849379901
1561:
1558:. CRC Press.
1557:
1556:
1548:
1546:
1542:
1538:
1534:
1529:
1524:
1519:
1514:
1510:
1506:
1503:(8): e23193,
1502:
1498:
1491:
1488:
1483:
1479:
1475:
1471:
1467:
1463:
1459:
1452:
1449:
1442:
1432:
1425:
1420:
1412:
1405:
1400:
1392:
1388:
1382:
1377:
1362:
1361:
1356:
1355:
1351:
1350:
1345:
1338:
1337:
1332:
1331:
1327:
1326:
1325:Partenskyella
1321:
1314:
1313:
1308:
1307:
1303:
1302:
1297:
1290:
1289:
1284:
1279:
1278:
1277:L. reticulosa
1273:
1268:
1267:
1262:
1257:
1256:
1251:
1246:
1245:
1244:L. polymorpha
1240:
1235:
1234:
1229:
1228:
1224:
1223:
1218:
1211:
1210:
1205:
1200:
1199:
1194:
1193:
1189:
1188:
1183:
1176:
1175:
1170:
1169:
1165:
1164:
1159:
1152:
1151:
1146:
1145:
1141:
1140:
1135:
1130:Moestrup 2001
1128:
1127:
1122:
1117:
1116:
1111:
1110:
1108:Moestrup 2001
1106:
1105:
1100:
1093:
1092:
1087:
1086:
1082:
1081:
1080:Amorphochlora
1076:
1075:
1071:
1067:
1066:
1062:
1058:
1047:
1046:
1041:
1040:
1036:
1035:
1030:
1029:
1025:
1021:
1020:
1016:
1012:
1011:
1001:Dunkerly 1921
999:
998:
993:
992:
990:Dunkerly 1921
988:
987:
983:
979:
978:
977:
976:
975:
974:
970:
966:
965:
961:
953:
952:
944:
943:
940:
939:
938:
931:
930:
927:
926:
918:
917:
909:
908:
900:
899:
891:
890:
887:
886:
885:
878:
877:
874:
873:
870:
869:
868:
861:
860:
854:
853:
850:
849:
846:
845:
844:
837:
836:
830:
829:
826:
825:
822:
821:
820:
813:
812:
805:
804:
801:
800:
791:
790:
782:
781:
773:
772:
764:
763:
755:
754:
746:
745:
737:
736:
733:
732:
731:
724:
723:
720:
719:
716:
715:
714:
707:
706:
700:
699:
696:
695:
692:
691:
690:
683:
682:
676:
675:
672:
671:
668:
667:
666:
659:
658:
652:
651:
648:
647:
644:
643:
642:
635:
634:
628:
627:
624:
623:
615:
614:
606:
605:
597:
596:
593:
592:
591:
584:
583:
580:
579:
576:
575:
574:
573:L. reticulosa
567:
566:
560:
559:
556:
555:
552:
551:
550:
543:
542:
536:
535:
532:
531:
528:
527:
526:
519:
518:
512:
511:
507:
506:
500:
499:
496:
495:
487:
486:
478:
477:
474:
473:
472:
465:
464:
461:
460:
457:
456:
455:
448:
447:
441:
440:
437:
436:
428:
427:
424:
423:
422:
415:
414:
411:
410:
407:
406:
405:
398:
397:
391:
390:
384:
383:
376:
375:
369:
368:
362:
361:
354:
353:
349:
343:
341:
339:
335:
330:
328:
324:
323:Xanthophyceae
319:
317:
312:
310:
306:
302:
298:
294:
291:
287:
283:
279:
275:
271:
267:
262:
260:
257:
253:
250:
246:
242:
238:
234:
230:
226:
222:
218:
210:LEX01 strain
209:
203:
189:
183:
182:
180:
177:
173:
166:
163:
162:
161:
158:
154:
151:
150:
149:
146:
145:
143:
138:
131:
128:
125:
124:
121:
118:
115:
114:
111:
108:
105:
104:
101:
98:
95:
92:
91:
88:
85:
82:
79:
78:
75:
72:
69:
68:
63:
58:
54:
51:
47:
43:
38:
33:
30:
19:
3046:
2988:paraphyletic
2958:Lapot gusevi
2956:
2948:
2917:Heterogromia
2915:
2906:Involutinida
2897:
2845:Textulariida
2827:Ammodiscidae
2817:Spirillinida
2798:Tubothalamea
2787:Reticulomyxa
2785:
2780:Astrorhizida
2769:Allogromiida
2760:Monothalamea
2750:Foraminifera
2704:Polycystinea
2689:Holocanthida
2586:Vampyrellida
2551:Haplosporida
2538:Ascetosporea
2528:Reticulosida
2433:Cryomonadida
2418:Phaeogromida
2413:Phaeocalpida
2403:Phaeocystida
2385:Thecofilosea
2340:Variglissida
2335:Marimonadida
2271:Sarcomonadea
2261:Ventrifilosa
2212:Metromonadea
2196:Monadofilosa
2139:Cryptofilida
2131:Granofilosea
2116:Aquavolonida
2052:Opisthokonta
1879:. Retrieved
1875:
1865:
1831:
1827:
1821:
1809:. Retrieved
1789:
1785:
1779:
1771:
1760:, retrieved
1753:
1743:
1718:
1714:
1710:
1669:(1): 84–88.
1666:
1662:
1652:
1619:
1615:
1609:
1584:
1574:
1554:
1500:
1496:
1490:
1465:
1461:
1457:
1451:
1430:
1410:
1389:extending a
1386:
1358:
1349:Viridiuvalis
1347:
1334:
1323:
1310:
1299:
1286:
1275:
1264:
1255:L. vacuolata
1253:
1242:
1231:
1220:
1207:
1196:
1185:
1172:
1163:Cryptochlora
1161:
1154:Geitler 1930
1148:
1143:Geitler 1930
1137:
1124:
1115:B. longifila
1113:
1104:Bigelowiella
1102:
1089:
1078:
1069:
1060:
1043:
1032:
1023:
1014:
995:
984:
968:
935:
934:
882:
881:
865:
864:
841:
840:
817:
816:
728:
727:
711:
710:
687:
686:
663:
662:
639:
638:
590:L. vacuolata
588:
587:
571:
570:
547:
546:
523:
522:
508:
469:
468:
452:
451:
419:
418:
402:
401:
347:
337:
333:
331:
320:
313:
305:cryptomonads
296:
292:
290:chlorophylls
266:chloroplasts
263:
252:cytoskeleton
231:and smaller
227:, ingesting
216:
214:
207:
129:
93:
80:
49:
29:
3071:Wikispecies
3021:fungus-like
2997:flagellates
2860:Carterinida
2855:Robertinida
2722:Spumellaria
2717:Nassellaria
2596:Phagomyxida
2579:Proteomyxia
2556:Mikrocytida
2154:Limnofilida
2109:Skiomonadea
1828:Protoplasma
1301:Norrisiella
1266:L. oceanica
1209:G. stellata
1198:G. dimorpha
1187:Gymnochlora
1024:Minorisidae
986:Rhabdamoeba
806:Minorisida
549:L. oceanica
327:Smith, 1938
278:nucleomorph
225:mixotrophic
153:Minorisidae
116:Subphylum:
3147:Categories
2923:Komokiacea
2807:Fusulinida
2712:Collodaria
2671:Acantharea
2661:Taxopodida
2643:Radiolaria
2591:Phytomyxea
2566:Paramyxida
2561:Paradinida
2393:Phaeodarea
2363:Euglyphida
2317:Imbricatea
2289:Katabiidae
2177:Minorisida
1792:(4): 261.
1762:25 October
1622:(1): 1–8.
1443:References
1391:filopodium
1288:L. globosa
1222:Lotharella
1015:Minorisida
525:L. globosa
510:Lotharella
270:green alga
256:flagellate
148:Minorisida
2850:Rotaliida
2812:Miliolida
2515:Gromiidea
2507:Marimyxia
2429:Eothecia
2325:Krakenida
2242:Helkesida
2219:Metopiida
2121:Tremulida
2047:Amoebozoa
2025:Alveolata
2013:Cryptista
1988:Eukaryota
1876:AlgaeBase
1755:AlgaeBase
1601:2998-4084
1281:Ohta 2012
1126:B. natans
344:Phylogeny
259:zoospores
74:Eukaryota
3056:Wikidata
2992:†extinct
2911:Lagenida
2727:Orodaria
2523:Gromiida
2498:Endomyxa
2443:Matazida
2438:Ebriacea
2234:Helkesea
2205:Eoglissa
2089:Cercozoa
2042:Amorphea
2020:Rhizaria
2008:Hacrobia
1998:Excavata
1983:Bacteria
1958:Rhizaria
1913:Archived
1881:24 April
1858:28875267
1811:24 April
1735:37941507
1693:33014260
1644:34259721
1636:19335769
1537:21858028
1497:PLOS ONE
1482:86059445
1357:Species
1333:Species
1309:Species
1285:Species
1274:Species
1270:Ota 2009
1263:Species
1252:Species
1241:Species
1230:Species
1206:Species
1202:Ota 2011
1195:Species
1171:Species
1147:Species
1123:Species
1112:Species
1088:Species
1042:Species
1034:Minorisa
994:Species
962:Taxonomy
316:Cercozoa
309:red alga
233:protists
229:bacteria
176:Synonyms
110:Cercozoa
106:Phylum:
70:Domain:
3062:Q136146
3001:amoebae
2627:Retaria
2057:Animals
1978:Archaea
1849:5756292
1806:3227028
1684:7518460
1528:3156133
1505:Bibcode
1068:Family
1022:Family
325:(e.g.,
286:mitotic
241:amoebae
126:Class:
3153:Filosa
3130:368674
3117:681849
2091:
2087:
2035:Plants
1972:Domain
1856:
1846:
1804:
1733:
1691:
1681:
1642:
1634:
1599:
1562:
1535:
1525:
1480:
1346:Genus
1322:Genus
1298:Genus
1219:Genus
1184:Genus
1160:Genus
1136:Genus
1101:Genus
1077:Genus
1059:Order
1031:Genus
1013:Order
980:Genus
967:Class
3125:WoRMS
3104:29197
2062:Fungi
1802:JSTOR
1640:S2CID
1478:S2CID
249:actin
245:light
221:algae
94:Clade
81:Clade
3099:NCBI
3091:4661
1883:2024
1854:PMID
1813:2024
1764:2016
1731:PMID
1689:PMID
1632:PMID
1597:ISSN
1560:ISBN
1533:PMID
336:and
295:and
264:The
215:The
3086:EoL
1844:PMC
1836:doi
1832:255
1794:doi
1790:117
1723:doi
1679:PMC
1671:doi
1624:doi
1589:doi
1523:PMC
1513:doi
1470:doi
311:.
282:DNA
100:SAR
3149::
3127::
3114::
3101::
3088::
3073::
3058::
3019:;
3015:;
3011:;
3007:;
3003:;
2999:;
1874:.
1852:,
1842:,
1830:,
1800:.
1788:.
1784:.
1752:,
1729:.
1719:71
1717:.
1701:^
1687:.
1677:.
1667:13
1665:.
1661:.
1638:.
1630:.
1620:56
1618:.
1595:.
1587:.
1583:.
1544:^
1531:,
1521:,
1511:,
1499:,
1476:.
1466:20
1464:.
340:.
96::
83::
3023:.
2986:*
2881:†
2875:†
2869:†
2805:†
2782:*
2771:*
2762:*
2273:*
2102:*
2069:)
1950:e
1943:t
1936:v
1885:.
1838::
1815:.
1796::
1737:.
1725::
1695:.
1673::
1646:.
1626::
1603:.
1591::
1568:.
1515::
1507::
1501:6
1484:.
1472::
297:b
293:a
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
