376:, Kengtung, Lan Na, Lan Xang and Sukhothai systems refer to the months by numbers, not by names . This means reading ancient texts and inscriptions in Thailand requires constant vigilance, not just in making sure one is correctly operating for the correct region, but also for variations within regions itself when incursions cause a variation in practice. However, Cambodian (Khmer) month system, which begins with Margasirsa as the first month, demonstrated precisely by the names and numbers.
2486:
2476:
774:
The
Siamese system uses three similar but not identical types of lunar years used by the Burmese system. Each calendar has the same regular year of 354 days and a leap year of 384 days. However, whereas the Burmese calendar adds the intercalary day only in a leap cycle according to its Metonic cycle,
866:
Since the
Thandeikta system not only does not solve but actually increases the accumulating drift issue, Burmese calendarists have resorted to periodically modifying the intercalation schedule of the Metonic cycle, starting in 1839 CE, using apparent reckoning. The fixed Metonic cycle remained in
354:. Today, the calendar is used purely for cultural and religious festivals in Myanmar. Thailand has moved on to its own version of Buddhist calendar since 1941 although the Chula Sakarat era dates remain the most commonly used and preferred form of entry by the academia for Thai history studies.
849:
from India). Thandeikta introduced a slightly longer solar year (0.56 second a year longer than the old system) and a slightly longer lunar month that produces a smaller gap between the two. However, it has turned out that the new system is actually slightly
341:
The calendar fell out of use throughout the region in the second half of the 19th century with the advent of
European colonialism. The only remaining independent state Siam too dropped the calendar on 1 April 1889 per King
315:. According to the Chiang Mai Chronicles and the Chiang Saen Chronicles, Chiang Mai, Chiang Saen and their tributary states of middle and upper Tai country (except Lamphun and Sukhothai) submitted to King
858:. At any rate, the old and the new systems are 23 minutes 50.8704 seconds and 23 minutes 51.4304 seconds respectively ahead of the actual tropical year. The error continues to mount.
579:
Cambodian and Thai systems give animal names to the years from a cycle of 12. The practice also existed in Burma but had died out by the 17th century. In March 1638, King
2071:
1718:
334:, and eastward to Laotian states in the following centuries. Subsequent Siamese kingdoms retained the Burmese calendar as the official calendar under the name of
2336:
775:
the
Siamese calendar adds the intercalary day to a regular year. The Siamese calendar does add the extra day in the same place (Jyestha/Nayon), however.
279:
94:
372:
Various regional versions of Chula
Sakarat/Burmese calendar existed across various regions of mainland Southeast Asia. Unlike Burmese systems,
1863:
1276:
2154:
1116:
1218:
1181:
1162:
1105:
1813:
1005:
587:
of Siam to change the animal names of the calendar months because the animal naming system was no longer in use in Burma.
323:. However, scholarship says the earliest evidence of Burmese calendar in modern Thailand dates only to mid-13th century.
2520:
2159:
2097:
1890:
2510:
1997:
1325:
1131:
2331:
1972:
1481:
2101:
571:
Note: The
Sukhothai and Lan Xang numbering systems and the now abandoned Burmese numbering system are the same.
2034:
1577:
1518:
347:
1414:
1982:
1851:
1269:
128:
2515:
1808:
1432:
854:
accurate (0.56 second a year) than the old system in terms of the drift from the scientifically measured
2447:
2442:
2209:
2435:
319:
and adopted the calendar in the mid-11th century in place of
Mahasakaraj, the standard calendar of the
166:
is often associated with the various versions of the calendar used in regions that make up modern-day
2316:
2199:
2024:
1932:
1550:
1444:
1360:
918:
2398:
2169:
2131:
1967:
1917:
1767:
1745:
1740:
1686:
1616:
1584:
891:
351:
257:
187:
72:
1905:
307:) with the epochal year 0 date of 22 March 638. It was largely a recalibration of then prevailing
2489:
2306:
2204:
1927:
1870:
1841:
1646:
1626:
1345:
1340:
1304:
1262:
300:
131:
kingdoms down to the late 19th century. The calendar is largely based on an older version of the
120:
2479:
2418:
2346:
2341:
2087:
2039:
1977:
1957:
1772:
1723:
1693:
1631:
1594:
1589:
1535:
1498:
1439:
1409:
1404:
1399:
1330:
1214:
1177:
1158:
1101:
876:
331:
327:
144:
2326:
2066:
2056:
1952:
1757:
1752:
1681:
1641:
1621:
1611:
1567:
1493:
1471:
1466:
1461:
1427:
1355:
1335:
881:
834:
243:
234:
124:
58:
46:
2356:
2351:
2282:
2146:
2111:
2061:
2019:
1937:
1922:
1858:
1846:
1836:
1782:
1713:
1703:
1636:
1599:
1540:
1503:
1456:
1451:
1135:
750:
308:
262:
226:
77:
2136:
1910:
829:
Down to the mid-19th century, the
Burmese calendar and its Siamese cousin both used the
214:
king" (the meaning was thought and held to be "era" by some of those having adopted the
2321:
2179:
2044:
2029:
1987:
1962:
1900:
1895:
1818:
1803:
1777:
1730:
1708:
1698:
1604:
1572:
1557:
1525:
1508:
1476:
1350:
1309:
1299:
759:
745:
599:
248:
132:
63:
2504:
2049:
2002:
1992:
1942:
1787:
1762:
1735:
1676:
1659:
1530:
1513:
1394:
1365:
855:
763:
755:
373:
343:
312:
270:
215:
183:
140:
136:
111:
85:
38:
2386:
2361:
2236:
2164:
1654:
584:
320:
1209:
Ohashi, Yukio (2001). Alan K. L. Chan; Gregory K. Clancey; Hui-Chieh Loy (eds.).
2366:
2292:
2261:
2256:
2174:
2012:
1664:
1009:
2381:
2376:
2311:
2301:
2296:
2121:
1671:
1486:
17:
2459:
2423:
2391:
2287:
2266:
2246:
1370:
316:
219:
175:
1230:
The
Imperial and Asiatic Quarterly Review and Oriental and Colonial Record
2454:
2430:
2251:
2007:
1285:
886:
211:
167:
148:
1204:. Vol. 2. Locust Valley, NY: Artibus Asiae and New York University.
1211:
Historical
Perspectives on East Asian Science, Technology, and Medicine
1155:
Southeast Asian Ephemeris: Solar and Planetary Positions, A.D. 638–2000
304:
179:
766:, the calendar inserts intercalary months and days on some schedule.
580:
143:
of the Hindu calendar with Metonic cycle's tropical years by adding
744:
Chula Sakarat, like the Burmese calendar, was largely based on the
2241:
284:
99:
2371:
326:
The use of the calendar appears to have spread southward to the
171:
159:
1258:
1100:(illustrated ed.). Honolulu: University of Hawai'i Press.
837:
switched to what it believed was a more accurate method called
1239:
Siam; Or, the History of the Thais: From 1569 A.D. to 1824 A.D
135:
though unlike the Indian systems, it employs a version of the
1254:
186:
area of China. In Thailand, it is only used in academia for
754:. However, unlike Hindu calendar, it also uses a 19-year
910:
1098:
The mists of Rāmañña: The Legend that was Lower Burma
2411:
2275:
2229:
2218:
2188:
2145:
2080:
1883:
1829:
1796:
1379:
1318:
1292:
1228:Oriental Institute; East India Association (1900).
1174:
The Calendrical Systems of Mainland South-East Asia
777:
589:
378:
225:In Thailand, this era is used in contrast with the
1232:. London and Working, England: Oriental Institute.
991:
989:
958:
956:
139:. The calendar therefore has to reconcile the
1270:
970:
968:
8:
1191:Irwin, Sir Alfred Macdonald Bulteel (1909).
198:The name Chula Sakarat is derived from Pali
2475:
2226:
1387:
1277:
1263:
1255:
1124:Journal of the Royal Institute of Thailand
158:is a generic term meaning "Lesser Era" in
1213:(illustrated ed.). World Scientifi.
1250:(5 ed.). Chulalongkorn University.
902:
762:of Hindu calendar with Metonic cycle's
583:of Burma rejected the proposal by King
299:The calendar was launched in 640 CE in
1195:. Rangoon: Hanthawaddy Printing Works.
229:, commonly known in Southeast Asia as
1117:"Calendar and Era in use in Thailand"
242:
127:, whose variants were in use by most
110:
57:
7:
1193:The Burmese and Arakanese calendars
833:method. But between 1840 and 1853,
25:
2485:
2484:
2474:
350:V)'s decree. It was replaced by
2337:English and British regnal year
1176:(illustrated ed.). Brill.
921:from the original on 2023-12-11
1157:. Ithaca: Cornell University.
311:. It was later adopted by the
112:[t͡ɕūn.lā.sàk.kā.ràːt]
1:
1241:. Vol. 2. Decatur Press.
1237:Smith, Ronald Bishop (1966).
1096:Aung-Thwin, Michael (2005).
758:. In order to reconcile the
1132:Royal Institute of Thailand
385:Khmer, Lan Xang, Sukhothai
285:
263:
233:or the Great or Major Era (
100:
78:
27:Historic lunisolar calendar
2537:
1130:(2, April–June). Bangkok:
845:and an updated version of
338:(Culasakaraj) until 1889.
2470:
1390:
1246:Rong, Syamananda (1986).
1115:Busyakul, Visudh (2004).
789:
786:
783:
780:
598:
595:
592:
390:
387:
384:
381:
274:
252:
238:
89:
67:
50:
42:
1134:: 468–78. Archived from
938:
388:Kengtung, Sipsong Panna
222:, including the Thais).
151:on irregular intervals.
129:mainland Southeast Asian
1405:Assamese (Bhāshkarābda)
740:Calculation methodology
309:Mahasakaraj or Saka Era
59:[kɔ́zàθɛʔkəɹɪʔ]
2436:Dungeons & Dragons
1842:Ethiopian and Eritrean
1202:Old Burma: Early Pagan
962:Oriental 1900: 375–376
748:, an older version of
244:[məhàθɛʔkəɹɪʔ]
2448:The Lord of the Rings
2155:Hanke–Henry Permanent
1248:A History of Thailand
841:(a hybrid of the old
210:, literally meaning "
202:"small" and Sanskrit
1065:Ohashi 2001: 398–399
188:Thai history studies
2521:Culture of Thailand
2160:International Fixed
2098:Proleptic Gregorian
1719:Slavic Native Faith
1200:Luce, G.H. (1970).
1172:Eade, J.C. (1995).
1153:Eade, J.C. (1989).
950:Aung-Thwin 2005: 35
892:Thai lunar calendar
2511:Culture of Myanmar
1830:Christian variants
825:Length of the year
301:Sri Ksetra Kingdom
216:Indianised culture
154:Although the name
145:intercalary months
121:lunisolar calendar
2498:
2497:
2480:List of calendars
2407:
2406:
2106:historiographical
1973:French Republican
1879:
1878:
1637:Manipuri (Meitei)
1083:Irwin 1909: 26–27
877:Buddhist calendar
822:
821:
737:
736:
569:
568:
283:
261:
123:derived from the
98:
76:
16:(Redirected from
2528:
2488:
2487:
2478:
2477:
2342:Human (Holocene)
2327:Chinese Imperial
2227:
2147:Reform proposals
2102:Proleptic Julian
1864:Eastern Orthodox
1494:Germanic heathen
1472:Earthly Branches
1388:
1279:
1272:
1265:
1256:
1251:
1242:
1233:
1224:
1205:
1196:
1187:
1168:
1149:
1147:
1146:
1140:
1121:
1111:
1084:
1081:
1075:
1072:
1066:
1063:
1057:
1054:
1048:
1045:
1039:
1036:
1030:
1029:Eade 1995: 28–29
1027:
1021:
1020:
1018:
1017:
1008:. Archived from
1006:"Khmer Calendar"
1002:
996:
993:
984:
981:
975:
972:
963:
960:
951:
948:
942:
936:
930:
929:
927:
926:
907:
882:Burmese calendar
835:Konbaung Dynasty
787:Small leap year
778:
667:ម្សាញ់ (M'sanh)
590:
379:
352:Rattanakosin Era
290:
278:
276:
268:
256:
254:
246:
240:
149:intercalary days
125:Burmese calendar
114:
109:
105:
93:
91:
83:
71:
69:
61:
56:
52:
44:
21:
2536:
2535:
2531:
2530:
2529:
2527:
2526:
2525:
2501:
2500:
2499:
2494:
2466:
2403:
2357:Nirayana system
2283:Ab urbe condita
2271:
2223:
2221:
2214:
2193:
2191:
2184:
2141:
2092:anthropological
2076:
1875:
1859:Liturgical year
1825:
1792:
1384:
1382:
1375:
1314:
1288:
1283:
1245:
1236:
1227:
1221:
1208:
1199:
1190:
1184:
1171:
1165:
1152:
1144:
1142:
1138:
1119:
1114:
1108:
1095:
1092:
1087:
1082:
1078:
1073:
1069:
1064:
1060:
1055:
1051:
1046:
1042:
1037:
1033:
1028:
1024:
1015:
1013:
1004:
1003:
999:
995:Eade 1989: 9–10
994:
987:
982:
978:
973:
966:
961:
954:
949:
945:
937:
933:
924:
922:
909:
908:
904:
900:
873:
867:place in Siam.
864:
827:
772:
760:sidereal months
751:Surya Siddhanta
742:
623:ឆ្លូវ (Chhlov)
577:
370:
368:Month numbering
365:
360:
297:
227:Shalivahana era
196:
107:
54:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2534:
2532:
2524:
2523:
2518:
2513:
2503:
2502:
2496:
2495:
2493:
2492:
2482:
2471:
2468:
2467:
2465:
2464:
2452:
2440:
2428:
2415:
2413:
2409:
2408:
2405:
2404:
2402:
2401:
2396:
2395:
2394:
2389:
2384:
2379:
2369:
2364:
2359:
2354:
2349:
2344:
2339:
2334:
2332:Chinese Minguo
2329:
2324:
2322:Before Present
2319:
2314:
2309:
2304:
2299:
2290:
2285:
2279:
2277:
2273:
2272:
2270:
2269:
2264:
2259:
2254:
2249:
2244:
2239:
2233:
2231:
2224:
2219:
2216:
2215:
2213:
2212:
2207:
2202:
2196:
2194:
2189:
2186:
2185:
2183:
2182:
2177:
2172:
2167:
2162:
2157:
2151:
2149:
2143:
2142:
2140:
2139:
2134:
2129:
2128:
2127:
2119:
2118:
2117:
2109:
2108:
2107:
2095:
2094:
2093:
2084:
2082:
2078:
2077:
2075:
2074:
2069:
2064:
2059:
2054:
2047:
2042:
2037:
2032:
2027:
2022:
2017:
2016:
2015:
2010:
2000:
1995:
1990:
1985:
1980:
1975:
1970:
1965:
1960:
1955:
1950:
1945:
1940:
1935:
1930:
1925:
1920:
1915:
1914:
1913:
1908:
1898:
1893:
1887:
1885:
1881:
1880:
1877:
1876:
1874:
1873:
1868:
1867:
1866:
1856:
1855:
1854:
1844:
1839:
1833:
1831:
1827:
1826:
1824:
1823:
1822:
1821:
1819:Calendar round
1816:
1806:
1800:
1798:
1794:
1793:
1791:
1790:
1785:
1780:
1775:
1770:
1765:
1760:
1755:
1750:
1749:
1748:
1743:
1733:
1728:
1727:
1726:
1721:
1711:
1706:
1701:
1696:
1691:
1690:
1689:
1679:
1674:
1669:
1668:
1667:
1662:
1657:
1649:
1644:
1639:
1634:
1629:
1624:
1619:
1614:
1609:
1608:
1607:
1597:
1592:
1587:
1582:
1581:
1580:
1575:
1565:
1564:
1563:
1555:
1554:
1553:
1548:
1547:
1546:
1533:
1528:
1523:
1522:
1521:
1516:
1506:
1501:
1496:
1491:
1490:
1489:
1484:
1479:
1477:Heavenly Stems
1474:
1464:
1459:
1454:
1449:
1448:
1447:
1437:
1436:
1435:
1430:
1422:
1421:
1420:
1412:
1407:
1402:
1397:
1391:
1385:
1380:
1377:
1376:
1374:
1373:
1368:
1363:
1358:
1353:
1348:
1343:
1338:
1333:
1328:
1322:
1320:
1316:
1315:
1313:
1312:
1307:
1302:
1296:
1294:
1290:
1289:
1284:
1282:
1281:
1274:
1267:
1259:
1253:
1252:
1243:
1234:
1225:
1219:
1206:
1197:
1188:
1182:
1169:
1163:
1150:
1112:
1106:
1091:
1088:
1086:
1085:
1076:
1067:
1058:
1049:
1047:Luce 1970: 330
1040:
1031:
1022:
997:
985:
983:Smith 1966: 11
976:
964:
952:
943:
931:
901:
899:
896:
895:
894:
889:
884:
879:
872:
869:
863:
860:
826:
823:
820:
819:
816:
813:
810:
809:Chula Sakarat
806:
805:
802:
799:
796:
792:
791:
790:Big leap year
788:
785:
782:
771:
768:
746:Hindu calendar
741:
738:
735:
734:
731:
728:
724:
723:
720:
717:
713:
712:
709:
706:
702:
701:
698:
695:
691:
690:
687:
684:
680:
679:
676:
673:
669:
668:
665:
662:
658:
657:
654:
651:
647:
646:
643:
640:
636:
635:
632:
629:
625:
624:
621:
618:
614:
613:
610:
607:
603:
602:
597:
594:
576:
573:
567:
566:
563:
560:
557:
553:
552:
549:
546:
543:
539:
538:
535:
532:
529:
525:
524:
521:
518:
513:
509:
508:
505:
500:
497:
493:
492:
487:
484:
481:
477:
476:
473:
470:
467:
463:
462:
459:
456:
453:
449:
448:
445:
442:
439:
435:
434:
431:
428:
425:
421:
420:
417:
414:
411:
407:
406:
403:
400:
397:
393:
392:
389:
386:
383:
369:
366:
364:
361:
359:
356:
296:
293:
195:
192:
141:sidereal years
133:Hindu calendar
115:, abbrv. จ.ศ.
102:Chunlasakkarat
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2533:
2522:
2519:
2517:
2516:Calendar eras
2514:
2512:
2509:
2508:
2506:
2491:
2483:
2481:
2473:
2472:
2469:
2462:
2461:
2456:
2453:
2450:
2449:
2444:
2441:
2438:
2437:
2432:
2429:
2426:
2425:
2420:
2417:
2416:
2414:
2410:
2400:
2397:
2393:
2390:
2388:
2385:
2383:
2380:
2378:
2375:
2374:
2373:
2370:
2368:
2365:
2363:
2360:
2358:
2355:
2353:
2350:
2348:
2345:
2343:
2340:
2338:
2335:
2333:
2330:
2328:
2325:
2323:
2320:
2318:
2315:
2313:
2310:
2308:
2307:Anno Martyrum
2305:
2303:
2300:
2298:
2294:
2291:
2289:
2286:
2284:
2281:
2280:
2278:
2274:
2268:
2265:
2263:
2260:
2258:
2255:
2253:
2250:
2248:
2245:
2243:
2240:
2238:
2235:
2234:
2232:
2228:
2225:
2222:and numbering
2217:
2211:
2208:
2206:
2203:
2201:
2198:
2197:
2195:
2187:
2181:
2178:
2176:
2173:
2171:
2168:
2166:
2163:
2161:
2158:
2156:
2153:
2152:
2150:
2148:
2144:
2138:
2137:'Pataphysical
2135:
2133:
2130:
2125:
2124:
2123:
2120:
2115:
2114:
2113:
2110:
2105:
2104:
2103:
2099:
2096:
2091:
2090:
2089:
2086:
2085:
2083:
2079:
2073:
2070:
2068:
2065:
2063:
2060:
2058:
2055:
2053:
2052:
2048:
2046:
2043:
2041:
2038:
2036:
2033:
2031:
2028:
2026:
2023:
2021:
2018:
2014:
2011:
2009:
2006:
2005:
2004:
2001:
1999:
1996:
1994:
1991:
1989:
1986:
1984:
1981:
1979:
1976:
1974:
1971:
1969:
1966:
1964:
1961:
1959:
1956:
1954:
1951:
1949:
1946:
1944:
1941:
1939:
1936:
1934:
1931:
1929:
1926:
1924:
1921:
1919:
1916:
1912:
1909:
1907:
1906:Tōnalpōhualli
1904:
1903:
1902:
1899:
1897:
1894:
1892:
1889:
1888:
1886:
1882:
1872:
1869:
1865:
1862:
1861:
1860:
1857:
1853:
1850:
1849:
1848:
1845:
1843:
1840:
1838:
1835:
1834:
1832:
1828:
1820:
1817:
1815:
1812:
1811:
1810:
1807:
1805:
1802:
1801:
1799:
1795:
1789:
1786:
1784:
1781:
1779:
1776:
1774:
1771:
1769:
1766:
1764:
1761:
1759:
1756:
1754:
1751:
1747:
1744:
1742:
1739:
1738:
1737:
1734:
1732:
1729:
1725:
1722:
1720:
1717:
1716:
1715:
1712:
1710:
1707:
1705:
1702:
1700:
1697:
1695:
1692:
1688:
1685:
1684:
1683:
1680:
1678:
1675:
1673:
1670:
1666:
1663:
1661:
1660:Vikram Samvat
1658:
1656:
1653:
1652:
1650:
1648:
1645:
1643:
1640:
1638:
1635:
1633:
1630:
1628:
1625:
1623:
1620:
1618:
1615:
1613:
1610:
1606:
1603:
1602:
1601:
1598:
1596:
1593:
1591:
1588:
1586:
1583:
1579:
1576:
1574:
1571:
1570:
1569:
1566:
1561:
1560:
1559:
1556:
1552:
1549:
1544:
1543:
1542:
1539:
1538:
1537:
1534:
1532:
1529:
1527:
1524:
1520:
1517:
1515:
1514:Vikram Samvat
1512:
1511:
1510:
1507:
1505:
1502:
1500:
1497:
1495:
1492:
1488:
1485:
1483:
1480:
1478:
1475:
1473:
1470:
1469:
1468:
1465:
1463:
1460:
1458:
1455:
1453:
1450:
1446:
1443:
1442:
1441:
1438:
1434:
1431:
1429:
1426:
1425:
1423:
1418:
1417:
1416:
1413:
1411:
1408:
1406:
1403:
1401:
1398:
1396:
1393:
1392:
1389:
1386:
1378:
1372:
1369:
1367:
1364:
1362:
1359:
1357:
1354:
1352:
1349:
1347:
1344:
1342:
1339:
1337:
1334:
1332:
1329:
1327:
1324:
1323:
1321:
1317:
1311:
1308:
1306:
1303:
1301:
1298:
1297:
1295:
1291:
1287:
1280:
1275:
1273:
1268:
1266:
1261:
1260:
1257:
1249:
1244:
1240:
1235:
1231:
1226:
1222:
1220:9789971692599
1216:
1212:
1207:
1203:
1198:
1194:
1189:
1185:
1183:9789004104372
1179:
1175:
1170:
1166:
1164:0-87727-704-4
1160:
1156:
1151:
1141:on 2014-01-16
1137:
1133:
1129:
1125:
1118:
1113:
1109:
1107:9780824828868
1103:
1099:
1094:
1093:
1089:
1080:
1077:
1074:Eade 1989: 20
1071:
1068:
1062:
1059:
1056:Rong 1986: 70
1053:
1050:
1044:
1041:
1038:Eade 1995: 22
1035:
1032:
1026:
1023:
1012:on 2009-10-30
1011:
1007:
1001:
998:
992:
990:
986:
980:
977:
974:Eade 1989: 11
971:
969:
965:
959:
957:
953:
947:
944:
940:
939:Busyakul 2004
935:
932:
920:
916:
912:
906:
903:
897:
893:
890:
888:
885:
883:
880:
878:
875:
874:
870:
868:
862:Metonic cycle
861:
859:
857:
856:tropical year
853:
848:
844:
840:
836:
832:
824:
817:
814:
811:
808:
807:
803:
800:
797:
794:
793:
779:
776:
770:Intercalation
769:
767:
765:
761:
757:
756:Metonic cycle
753:
752:
747:
739:
732:
729:
726:
725:
721:
718:
715:
714:
710:
707:
704:
703:
699:
696:
693:
692:
688:
685:
682:
681:
677:
674:
671:
670:
666:
663:
660:
659:
655:
652:
649:
648:
644:
641:
638:
637:
633:
630:
627:
626:
622:
619:
616:
615:
611:
608:
605:
604:
601:
591:
588:
586:
582:
574:
572:
564:
561:
558:
555:
554:
550:
547:
544:
541:
540:
536:
533:
530:
527:
526:
522:
519:
517:
514:
511:
510:
506:
504:
501:
498:
495:
494:
491:
488:
485:
482:
479:
478:
474:
471:
468:
465:
464:
460:
457:
454:
451:
450:
446:
443:
440:
437:
436:
432:
429:
426:
423:
422:
418:
415:
412:
409:
408:
404:
401:
398:
395:
394:
380:
377:
375:
374:Sipsong Panna
367:
362:
357:
355:
353:
349:
345:
344:Chulalongkorn
339:
337:
336:Chula Sakarat
333:
329:
324:
322:
318:
314:
313:Pagan Kingdom
310:
306:
302:
294:
292:
289:
288:
281:
272:
267:
266:
259:
250:
245:
236:
232:
228:
223:
221:
217:
213:
209:
205:
201:
193:
191:
189:
185:
184:Sipsong Panna
181:
177:
173:
169:
165:
164:Chula Sakarat
161:
157:
152:
150:
146:
142:
138:
137:Metonic cycle
134:
130:
126:
122:
118:
113:
104:
103:
96:
87:
82:
81:
74:
65:
60:
51:ကောဇာသက္ကရာဇ်
48:
40:
36:
32:
31:Chula Sakarat
19:
18:Chulasakkarat
2458:
2446:
2443:Middle-earth
2434:
2422:
2192:applications
2190:Displays and
2100: /
2081:By specialty
2050:
1947:
1911:Xiuhpōhualli
1809:Mesoamerican
1655:Nepal Sambat
1326:Astronomical
1247:
1238:
1229:
1210:
1201:
1192:
1173:
1154:
1143:. Retrieved
1136:the original
1127:
1123:
1097:
1090:Bibliography
1079:
1070:
1061:
1052:
1043:
1034:
1025:
1014:. Retrieved
1010:the original
1000:
979:
946:
934:
923:. Retrieved
914:
905:
865:
851:
846:
842:
838:
830:
828:
773:
749:
743:
689:មមែ (Momèr)
678:មមី (Momee)
656:រោង (Rorng)
653:Naga/Dragon
612:ជូត (Choot)
585:Prasat Thong
578:
575:Animal names
570:
515:
512:Margasirsha
502:
489:
371:
363:Nomenclature
340:
335:
325:
321:Khmer Empire
298:
287:Mahasakkarat
286:
264:
239:မဟာ သက္ကရာဇ်
230:
224:
207:
203:
199:
197:
163:
155:
153:
116:
101:
80:Cullasakarāj
79:
35:Chulasakarat
34:
30:
29:
2293:Anno Domini
2262:Regnal year
2257:Regnal name
2230:Terminology
2220:Year naming
2175:Symmetry454
2025:Pentecontad
1948:Culāsakaraj
1933:Cappadocian
1665:Yele Sambat
1551:Zoroastrian
1445:Bangladeshi
1383:limited use
1361:Solar Hijri
1356:Lunar Hijri
1319:In wide use
1126:(in Thai).
764:solar years
711:រកា (Roka)
645:ថោះ (Thos)
634:ខាល (Khal)
466:Bhadrapada
391:Chiang Mai
358:Differences
303:(in modern
265:Mahāsakarāj
231:Mahāsakaraj
162:, the term
156:Culāsakaraj
43:Culāsakaraj
2505:Categories
2399:Vietnamese
2312:Anno Mundi
2302:Anno Lucis
2297:Common Era
2200:Electronic
2170:Positivist
2132:Discordian
2122:Dreamspell
2057:Sexagenary
1998:Macedonian
1968:Florentine
1918:Babylonian
1884:Historical
1814:Long Count
1768:Vietnamese
1724:Macedonian
1687:Nanakshahi
1617:Lithuanian
1487:Solar term
1145:2015-02-05
1016:2017-08-28
925:2024-08-22
898:References
839:Thandeikta
733:កុរ (Kol)
700:វក (Vork)
108:pronounced
68:ចុល្លសករាជ
55:pronounced
2460:Star Trek
2424:Discworld
2419:Discworld
2412:Fictional
2288:Anka year
2267:Year zero
2247:Leap year
2205:Perpetual
1928:Byzantine
1647:Mongolian
1627:Malayalam
1371:Unix time
1346:Gregorian
1341:Ethiopian
1305:Lunisolar
1286:Calendars
915:tai12.com
781:Calendar
722:ច (Char)
556:Phalguna
496:Karttika
410:Vaisakha
332:Ayutthaya
328:Sukhothai
317:Anawrahta
275:มหาศักราช
220:Indochina
194:Etymology
176:Kampuchea
90:จุลศักราช
2490:Category
2455:Stardate
2431:Greyhawk
2362:Seleucid
2347:Japanese
2317:Assyrian
2252:New Year
2088:Holocene
2040:Rapa Nui
2013:Tzolkʼin
1978:Germanic
1958:Egyptian
1694:Romanian
1672:Nisg̱a'a
1632:Mandaean
1622:Maithili
1595:Javanese
1590:Japanese
1545:medieval
1499:Georgian
1410:Assyrian
1400:Armenian
1331:Buddhist
919:Archived
887:Saka Era
871:See also
795:Burmese
784:Regular
452:Sravana
438:Ashadha
424:Jyestha
253:មហាសករាជ
212:Scythian
182:and the
168:Thailand
2387:Dvapara
2367:Spanish
2276:Systems
2126:New Age
2116:Martian
2072:Turkmen
2067:Swedish
1953:Coligny
1891:Arabian
1852:Revised
1758:Tripuri
1753:Tibetan
1709:Sesotho
1682:Punjabi
1642:Melanau
1612:Kurdish
1578:Tabular
1568:Islamic
1536:Iranian
1467:Chinese
1462:Burmese
1440:Bengali
1428:Pawukon
1381:In more
1336:Chinese
1293:Systems
697:Monkey
596:Animal
528:Pausha
480:Asvina
396:Caitra
305:Myanmar
295:History
282::
235:Burmese
180:Myanmar
119:) is a
97::
47:Burmese
2352:Korean
2112:Darian
2062:Soviet
2035:Qumran
2020:Muisca
1938:Celtic
1923:Bulgar
1871:Saints
1847:Julian
1837:Coptic
1783:Yoruba
1714:Slavic
1704:Somali
1651:Nepal
1600:Korean
1562:Gaelic
1541:Jalali
1504:Hebrew
1482:Minguo
1457:Borana
1452:Berber
1415:Baháʼí
1217:
1180:
1161:
1104:
941:: 473.
911:"Home"
675:Horse
664:Snake
631:Tiger
581:Thalun
542:Magha
382:Month
258:ALA-LC
73:ALA-LC
2382:Treta
2377:Satya
2372:Yugas
2242:Epoch
2180:World
2045:Roman
2030:Pisan
2008:Haabʼ
1988:Hindu
1983:Greek
1963:Enoch
1901:Aztec
1896:Attic
1804:Runic
1797:Types
1778:Xhosa
1773:Wicca
1746:solar
1741:lunar
1731:Tamil
1699:Shona
1605:Juche
1573:Fasli
1558:Irish
1526:Hmong
1509:Hindu
1424:Bali
1419:Badí‘
1351:Hindu
1310:Solar
1300:Lunar
1139:(PDF)
1120:(PDF)
847:Surya
843:Surya
831:Surya
708:Cock
686:Goat
642:Hare
600:Khmer
593:Year
249:Khmer
117:Choso
64:Khmer
2392:Kali
2210:Wall
2051:Rumi
2003:Maya
1993:Inca
1943:Cham
1788:Zulu
1763:Tulu
1736:Thai
1677:Odia
1585:Jain
1531:Igbo
1519:Saka
1433:Saka
1395:Akan
1215:ISBN
1178:ISBN
1159:ISBN
1102:ISBN
852:less
818:384
815:355
812:354
804:385
801:384
798:354
730:Pig
719:Dog
609:Rat
348:Rama
280:RTGS
271:Thai
208:rāja
204:śaka
200:culā
172:Laos
160:Pali
147:and
95:RTGS
86:Thai
39:Pali
2237:Era
2165:Pax
1366:ISO
727:12
716:11
705:10
620:Ox
499:12
486:12
483:11
475:12
472:11
469:10
461:11
458:10
447:10
291:).
218:in
33:or
2507::
1128:29
1122:.
988:^
967:^
955:^
917:.
913:.
694:9
683:8
672:7
661:6
650:5
639:4
628:3
617:2
606:1
565:6
562:5
559:4
551:5
548:4
545:3
537:4
534:3
531:2
523:3
520:2
507:2
455:9
444:9
441:8
433:9
430:8
427:7
419:8
416:7
413:6
405:7
402:6
399:5
330:,
277:;
273::
269:;
255:,
251::
247:;
241:,
237::
206:+
190:.
178:,
174:,
170:,
106:,
92:,
88::
84:;
70:,
66::
62:;
53:,
49::
45:;
41::
2463:)
2457:(
2451:)
2445:(
2439:)
2433:(
2427:)
2421:(
2295:/
1278:e
1271:t
1264:v
1223:.
1186:.
1167:.
1148:.
1110:.
1019:.
928:.
516:1
503:1
490:1
346:(
260::
75::
37:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.