119:, an Austrian-born surgeon who lived in Moravia, in the Czech Republic. In his professional life, Chvostek devoted himself to the study of etiopathogenesis and to the treatment of neurological disorders, including by means of electrotherapy. In 1876, he first described the sign that bears his name. Later it was independently described by another Austrian physician,
183:
It can also be found in subjects with respiratory alkalosis, for example as a result of hyperventilation syndrome, which can lead to a drastic reduction of the concentration in serum of calcium ions while at normal levels, for the binding of a significant proportion of ionized calcium (Ca) with
200:. The sensitivity is lower than that in the corresponding Trousseau sign as it is negative in 30% of patients with hypocalcemia. Due to the combination of poor sensitivity and specificity the clinical utility of this sign is reduced.
78:
These facial spasms are caused by the nerves that control the muscle being easily excited (called hyperexcitability) due to hypocalcemia. Hypocalcemia can be caused by many things, including parathyroid conditions (such as when the
106:
supplying the area is occluded. The
Trousseau sign of latent tetany also generally occurs earlier than the Chvostek sign and is a more accurate predictor of hypocalcemia, allowing clinicians to recognise the condition earlier.
74:
in front of the ear, the facial muscles on the same side of the face will contract sporadically (called ipsilateral facial spasm). The muscles that control the nose, lips and eyebrows are often the ones that will spasm.
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140:. Response occurs in the form of ipsilateral contraction of some or all of the muscles innervated by the facial nerve. The effect is the lateral deviation of the labial and nasal fold toward the stimulated side.
148:
Hitting a point between the middle third and upper third of the line joining the angle of the mouth to the zygomatic process gives rise to only a contraction of the muscles of the mouth and nose.
546:
91:). Sometimes, the Chvostek sign can be caused by other conditions which interfere with the balance of calcium, such as imbalanced acid and alkaline in blood causing
136:
It is obtained by striking with a finger or a hammer a point that is approximately 2 cm in front of the lobe of the ear and about 1 cm below the
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Garrad, P; Perks, AM (Aug 1990). "The effects of temperature change on lung liquid production by in vitro lungs from fetal guinea pigs".
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sign of tetany as it may be seen in 10% to 25% of healthy adults. It is therefore not a reliable clinical sign for diagnosing latent
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168:, which catalyzes the conversion of ATP to 3',5'-cyclic AMP. The 3',5'-cyclic AMP (cAMP) is required for
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Jesus, JE; Landry, A (Sep 13, 2012). "Images in clinical medicine. Chvostek's and
Trousseau's signs".
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or diuretics, because hypomagnesemia can cause hypocalcemia. It is also seen in measles, tetanus and
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66:). The Chvostek sign is the abnormal twitching of muscles that are activated (innervated) by the
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Fonseca, OA; Calverley, JR (Aug 1967). "Neurological manifestations of hypoparathyroidism".
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is another sign of decreased calcium in blood where muscles in the hand contract when the
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Krogh, L; Wynne, JM; Cywes, S (Aug 17, 1968). "The value of
Chvostek's sign in tetany".
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activation. It is frequently seen in alcoholics, persons with diarrhea, patients taking
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376:"Chvostek sign, frequently found in healthy subjects, is not a useful clinical sign"
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that someone may have a low blood calcium level (a decreased serum calcium, called
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Weisinger, JR; Bellorín-Font, E (Aug 1, 1998). "Magnesium and phosphorus".
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Flink, EB (1981). "Magnesium deficiency. Etiology and clinical spectrum".
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Goljan, EF. Rapid Review
Pathology. Mosby, Elsevier, 2007; pp. 504.
70:(also known as Cranial Nerve Seven, or CNVII). When the facial nerve is
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Hoffman, E (Jul 1958). "The
Chvostek sign; a clinical study".
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Symptoms and signs: Endocrinology, nutrition, and metabolism
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Wien Med Press 1876;17:1201-3, 1225–27, 1253–58, 1313–16.
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374:Méneret, A; Guey, S; Degos, B (Mar 12, 2013).
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263:Weiss N. Centralbl Gesammt Ther 1883;1:9.
16:Clinical sign of low blood calcium level
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337:Acta Medica Scandinavica. Supplementum
160:. However, it may also be present in
7:
642:Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia
491:10.1001/archinte.1967.00300020074009
758:Hypokalemic sensory overstimulation
452:Journal of Developmental Physiology
218:The New England Journal of Medicine
87:) and vitamin diseases (such as a
14:
25:
734:Hyperkalemic periodic paralysis
602:Disorders of calcium metabolism
100:Trousseau sign of latent tetany
83:does not function well, called
805:Cerebral salt-wasting syndrome
753:Hypokalemic periodic paralysis
192:Chvostek's sign is not a very
164:. Magnesium is a cofactor for
1:
479:Archives of Internal Medicine
314:10.1016/S0140-6736(97)10535-9
429:10.1016/0002-9610(58)90868-7
393:10.1212/WNL.0b013e31828728bc
156:Chvostek's sign is found in
607:Hypercalcemia of malignancy
417:American Journal of Surgery
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95:(an alkaline blood pH).
636:Dystrophic calcification
632:Metastatic calcification
115:The sign is named after
184:albumin and globulins.
144:Chvostek sign – type II
556:Electrolyte imbalances
230:10.1056/NEJMicm1110569
132:Chvostek sign – type I
123:(1851–1883), in 1883.
275:South African Medical
188:Clinical significance
93:respiratory alkalosis
597:Milk-alkali syndrome
252:Beitrag zur Tetanie.
89:vitamin D deficiency
581:Symptoms and signs
170:parathyroid hormone
515:František Chvostek
117:František Chvostek
85:hypoparathyroidism
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166:adenylate cyclase
138:zygomatic process
81:parathyroid gland
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622:Calcinosis cutis
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308:(9125): 391–6.
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174:aminoglycosides
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783:Salt poisoning
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162:hypomagnesemia
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618:Calciphylaxis
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281:(32): 846–7.
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60:clinical sign
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21:Chvostek sign
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520:Nathan Weiss
485:(2): 202–6.
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386:(11): 1067.
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250:Chvostek F.
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121:Nathan Weiss
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68:facial nerve
64:hypocalcemia
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423:(1): 33–7.
224:(11): e15.
614:Calcinosis
343:: 125–37.
204:References
795:Hypotonic
721:Potassium
698:Phosphate
675:Magnesium
380:Neurology
111:Etymology
822:Category
800:Isotonic
652:Chloride
437:13545482
402:23479466
238:22970971
194:specific
178:myxedema
127:Features
564:Calcium
499:4952674
464:2092052
349:7020347
322:9717944
287:5680230
58:) is a
770:Sodium
739:equine
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435:
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347:
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302:Lancet
285:
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198:tetany
158:tetany
152:Causes
72:tapped
778:High
729:High
706:High
683:High
660:High
572:High
495:PMID
460:PMID
433:PMID
398:PMID
345:PMID
318:PMID
283:PMID
234:PMID
98:The
19:The
790:Low
748:Low
711:Low
688:Low
665:Low
577:Low
487:doi
483:120
425:doi
388:doi
341:647
310:doi
306:352
226:doi
222:367
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51:k
48:ɪ
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23:(
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