229:
330:
171:. The aircraft-style controls of earlier autogyros depended on airflow past ailerons, rudders and elevators; during the slow forward speed phases of takeoff and landing, these were ineffective, and accidents resulted. The C.19 Mk V lacked the small wing and all-moving control surfaces, relying instead on a tilting rotor head. Using a long control arm that reached to the rear cockpit, the pilot could direct the aircraft by tilting the plane of rotation of the rotor. After a period of experimentation, the C.19 Mk V flew with a small fixed tailplane and a two-bladed rotor. This control system was adopted for the
28:
149:
elevators and tailplanes were fixed in a near vertical position and the engine started. The wash from the propeller was deflected upwards by the tail unit through the rotor, rotating it. For the first time, this made the autogyro independent of ground crew when starting, and private ownership was a practical proposition.
160:. The C.19 Mk IIA, introduced in 1930, had a longer undercarriage and improved rotor head. Landings were often made at high angles of attack, so the rudders of the C.19 Mk III were reshaped to slope sharply upwards to avoid damage; this variant also had a 5 ft (1.52 m) increase in rotor diameter.
128:
fuselage, and this led to a long and close collaboration between de la Cierva and Avro from 1926 onwards, with de la Cierva providing the rotor design, and Avro the airframe from designs that often appeared as both fixed-wing and rotary aircraft. There was a long series of such autogyros, developing
136:
Like the earlier aircraft, the C.19 had a conventional airframe, a two-seat fuselage carrying a small-span wing with ailerons (to relieve rotor loads in level forward flight), and a single radial engine in the nose. The unpowered, free-spinning rotor had four wire-braced blades, or three cantilever
163:
In the C.19 Mk IV, the rotor was started directly from the engine via a clutch mechanism, as in all future autogyros. This allowed the elaborate biplane empennage to be replaced by a more conventional monoplane tailplane. The single central fin was low and of correspondingly deep chord, to avoid
148:
spinning; in earlier de la Cierva designs, the rotor had to be turned by hand or by pulling a rope, unless there was space for a takeoff run. In the C.19 Mk I, this was done aerodynamically. The tail unit of this mark was a biplane structure with endplate fins and rudders. To start the rotor,
137:
blades in the Mk IV, and was mounted on four struts over the forward cockpit which met together to form a pyramid. The C.19 Mk I – IV did not have the tilting rotor head and associated hanging control column of later autogyros like the
164:
being struck by the rotor. The C.19 Mk IV had a three-bladed, 34-foot-diameter (10 m) cantilever rotor. The designation C.19 Mk IVP was also used, the "P" standing for production, that started in 1931.
194:
Initially, all fifteen C.19 Mk IVPs appeared on the
British civil register. One was used in an attempted flight to South Africa, although it only reached Tunis. Later, it flew with
228:
141:. Instead, control was by the ailerons, elevators and rudder via a conventional column, a system that only worked effectively when the airspeed was high enough.
3748:
3177:
3753:
2887:
202:. Several machines were reregistered abroad: in Australia, Germany, Japan, New Zealand, Singapore, Spain (one for the Spanish Air Force) and Sweden.
210:
129:
the rotary wing concept. However the 1929 C.19 was a de la Cierva design, owing nothing to existing Avro aircraft, though it was built by Avro at
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1986:
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made the Mk I machine underpowered, and it was replaced in the C.19 Mk II by a 105 hp (78 kW)
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579:
Elliott, Bryn (January–February 1999). "On the Beat: The First 60 Years of
Britain's Air Police".
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radial piston engine. The Genet Major engine was used on all further variants. (three built)
112:. It proved to be the most successful and widely produced of the early de la Cierva designs.
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144:
A major engineering refinement in the C.19 was the means to mechanically start the main
3333:
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284:– One-off experimental aircraft, tilting rotor head development machine. (one built)
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172:
138:
278:– The definitive production version, the basis for foreign licences. (15 built)
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191:
in France (as the C.21), although no actual French production took place.
2810:
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125:
97:
3155:
240:– The original three prototypes, powered by a 60 kW (80 hp)
183:
Some thirty examples were built in
England, with licences acquired by
54:
333:
Cierva C.19 Mk.III 3-view drawing from NACA Aircraft
Circular No.120
2865:
328:
227:
209:
operated two C.19 Mk IIIs for evaluation of the autogyro concept (
674:
643:
105:
3159:
2869:
647:
622:. London: Bright Star Publishing. pp. File 891 Sheet 29.
520:, (1973). p.21, C.30 section London: Putnam and Company.
250:– This variant was powered by a 78 kW (105 hp)
317:
An Avro-built C.19 Mk.IVP (EC-AIM) is on display at the
198:'s Circus. Another went to an autogyro flying school at
599:. (1965) London: Putnam Aeronautical Books pages 433–5.
537:
507:. (1965) London: Putnam Aeronautical Books pages 433–5
232:
Cierva C.19 (Focke-Wulf C 19 "Heuschrecke") in flight
3635:
3614:
3475:
3364:
3194:
3137:
3094:
2953:
2904:
2788:
2717:
2661:
2588:
2492:
2331:
2255:
2248:
1286:
782:
773:
727:
691:
682:
639:
Another aerial view of G-ABUD flying on 1 June 1932
437:
Aircraft of comparable role, configuration, and era
187:to produce it in Germany (as the C.20) and by
167:The final variant was the solitary C.19 Mk V,
120:De la Cierva's first successful autogyro, the
3171:
2881:
659:
8:
634:Aerial view of G-ABUD flying on 1 June 1932
558:, 1974. p.386-7 London:Putnam and Company.
556:British Civil Aircraft since 1919 Volume II
487:, 1974. p.16-20 London:Putnam and Company.
485:British Civil Aircraft since 1919 Volume II
3178:
3164:
3156:
2888:
2874:
2866:
2252:
779:
688:
666:
652:
644:
518:British Civil Aircraft 1919–72: Volume II
614:. London: Studio Editions. p. 254.
476:
465:List of aircraft of the Royal Air Force
421:300 mi (483 km, 260 nmi)
415:95 mph (153 km/h, 83 kn)
394:I five-cylinder radial , 105 hp (78 kW)
3138:Cierva Autogiro Company and Rotorcraft
17:
264:with improved rotor head. (one built)
7:
3749:1920s British civil utility aircraft
244:radial piston engine. (three built)
400:30 ft 0 in (9.15 m)
366:10 ft 0 in (3.05 m)
360:18 ft 0 in (5.49 m)
308:licence-built version. (not built)
14:
372:708 sq ft (65.8 m)
321:, Cuatro Vientos, Madrid, Spain.
3754:Single-engined tractor autogyros
620:World Aircraft Information Files
26:
3615:Company designations, post-1945
612:Jane's Encyclopedia of Aviation
100:, designed by Spanish engineer
3195:Company designations, pre-1933
610:Taylor, Michael J. H. (1989).
427:500 ft/min (2.5 m/s)
392:Armstrong Siddeley Genet Major
252:Armstrong Siddeley Genet Major
1:
3014:
3009:
96:was a 1930s British two-seat
3759:Aircraft first flown in 1929
205:During the early 1930s, the
152:The 80 hp (60 kW)
3356:C.30 (Cierva under licence)
3351:C.20 (Cierva under licence)
384:1,400 lb (635 kg)
294:licence-built version with
154:Armstrong Siddeley Genet II
3780:
538:"Civil Aviation Authority"
3698:Nr. 261 Fernkampfflugzeug
3688:Nr. 238 Fernkampfflugzeug
378:850 lb (386 kg)
200:London Air Park, Hanworth
34:
25:
20:
597:Avro Aircraft since 1908
505:Avro Aircraft since 1908
242:Armstrong Siddeley Genet
3479:designations, 1933–1945
2955:Cierva Autogiro Company
339:General characteristics
2718:Sports/racing aircraft
334:
325:Specifications (Mk.II)
233:
3673:Entwurf VII "Peterle"
332:
231:
2591:& reconnaissance
398:Main rotor diameter:
35:Cierva C.19 landing
3022:(de Havilland C.24)
179:Operational history
335:
234:
104:. It was built by
3736:
3735:
3153:
3152:
2906:Juan de la Cierva
2863:
2862:
2859:
2858:
2244:
2243:
2240:
2239:
1298:
819:
443:Buhl A-1 Autogyro
102:Juan de la Cierva
90:
89:
65:Juan de la Cierva
3771:
3693:Grosstransporter
3180:
3173:
3166:
3157:
2890:
2883:
2876:
2867:
2846:Roe III Triplane
2253:
1296:
817:
780:
714:Roe III Triplane
689:
668:
661:
654:
645:
623:
615:
592:
566:
552:
546:
545:
534:
528:
514:
508:
501:
495:
481:
408:
341:
306:Lioré et Olivier
189:Lioré et Olivier
83:
45:Type of aircraft
43:Utility autogyro
30:
18:
3779:
3778:
3774:
3773:
3772:
3770:
3769:
3768:
3764:Cierva aircraft
3739:
3738:
3737:
3732:
3708:Strahlrohrjäger
3631:
3610:
3471:
3360:
3190:
3184:
3154:
3149:
3133:
3090:
3006:(Avro Type 620)
2949:
2900:
2894:
2864:
2855:
2851:Roe IV Triplane
2841:Roe II Triplane
2784:
2713:
2657:
2590:
2589:Maritime patrol
2584:
2488:
2327:
2236:
1288:
1282:
784:
775:
769:
723:
719:Roe IV Triplane
709:Roe II Triplane
684:
678:
672:
630:
618:
609:
606:
604:Further reading
578:
575:
570:
569:
553:
549:
536:
535:
531:
516:Jackson, A.J.,
515:
511:
502:
498:
482:
478:
473:
434:
404:
337:
327:
315:
226:
207:Royal Air Force
181:
118:
81:
46:
12:
11:
5:
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3683:1000x1000x1000
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3132:
3131:
3126:
3124:W.11 Air Horse
3121:
3116:
3111:
3106:
3100:
3098:
3092:
3091:
3089:
3088:
3083:
3078:
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2878:
2870:
2861:
2860:
2857:
2856:
2854:
2853:
2848:
2843:
2838:
2836:Roe I Triplane
2833:
2828:
2823:
2818:
2813:
2808:
2803:
2798:
2792:
2790:
2786:
2785:
2783:
2782:
2777:
2772:
2767:
2762:
2757:
2752:
2750:Antarctic Baby
2747:
2742:
2737:
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2721:
2719:
2715:
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2712:
2711:
2706:
2701:
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2605:
2600:
2594:
2592:
2586:
2585:
2583:
2582:
2577:
2572:
2567:
2565:Manchester (2)
2562:
2560:Manchester (1)
2557:
2552:
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2542:
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2517:
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2119:
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583:(79): 68–75.
582:
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564:0-85177-813-5
561:
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543:
542:www.caa.co.uk
539:
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526:0-85177-813-5
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459:Related lists
454:
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382:Gross weight:
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376:Empty weight:
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354:one passenger
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320:
312:
307:
303:
300:
297:
296:Siemens Sh 14
293:
289:
286:
283:
280:
277:
274:
272:– (six built)
271:
268:
263:
259:
256:
255:
253:
249:
246:
243:
239:
236:
235:
230:
223:
221:
219:
215:
212:
208:
203:
201:
197:
192:
190:
186:
178:
176:
174:
170:
165:
161:
159:
158:Genet Major I
155:
150:
147:
142:
140:
134:
132:
127:
123:
115:
113:
111:
110:Avro Type 620
107:
103:
99:
95:
85:
80:
79:
76:
73:
71:First flight
70:
69:
66:
63:
60:
59:
56:
53:
51:Manufacturer
50:
49:
42:
39:
38:
33:
29:
24:
19:
16:
3678:Entwurf VIII
3350:
3129:W.14 Skeeter
3003:
2789:Experimental
2439:Super Trader
1102:
776:designations
728:Type letters
692:Roe aircraft
685:designations
619:
611:
596:
580:
573:Bibliography
555:
550:
541:
532:
517:
512:
504:
499:
484:
479:
458:
457:
436:
435:
424:
418:
412:
405:
403:
397:
387:
381:
375:
369:
363:
357:
351:
345:
338:
336:
316:
301:
287:
281:
275:
269:
261:
257:
247:
237:
217:
213:
204:
193:
182:
168:
166:
162:
151:
143:
135:
119:
109:
93:
91:
82:Number built
15:
3723:TriebflĂĽgel
3713:Super Lorin
3653:Entwurf III
2770:Cabin Cadet
2575:Silver King
2419:Lancastrian
406:Performance
388:Powerplant:
270:C.19 Mk.III
258:C.19 Mk.IIA
196:Alan Cobham
173:Cierva C.30
139:Cierva C.30
116:Development
94:Cierva C.19
3743:Categories
3728:Volksjäger
3668:Entwurf VI
3658:Entwurf IV
3648:Entwurf II
3407:Höhengeier
3187:Focke-Wulf
3096:Weir Group
2780:Water Baby
2648:Shackleton
2638:Arrowscout
2424:Lincolnian
2332:Transports
818:(wing set)
471:References
370:Wing area:
292:Focke-Wulf
276:C.19 Mk.IV
248:C.19 Mk.II
185:Focke-Wulf
124:, used an
122:Cierva C.6
3663:Entwurf V
3643:Entwurf I
3447:Stieglitz
3437:Photomöwe
3397:Falke (2)
2550:Lancaster
2530:Aldershot
2399:Commodore
2323:Warregull
2308:Sea Tutor
1297:(skipped)
774:Numerical
589:0143-5450
352:Capacity:
348:one pilot
313:Survivors
282:C.19 Mk.V
238:C.19 Mk.I
61:Designer
3718:Super TL
3636:Projects
3432:Möwe (2)
3417:Mastgans
3372:Buchfink
3189:aircraft
2899:aircraft
2662:Fighters
2535:Antelope
2409:Eighteen
2256:Trainers
1289:projects
785:aircraft
677:aircraft
432:See also
224:Variants
126:Avro 504
98:autogyro
3452:Stösser
3442:Sperber
3422:Moskito
3412:Kiebitz
3402:Habicht
3377:Bussard
3145:CR Twin
2908:(Spain)
2775:Popular
2689:Avenger
2555:Lincoln
2545:Buffalo
2493:Bombers
2384:Andover
2318:Prefect
1287:Unbuilt
745:Type Es
364:Height:
358:Length:
298:engine.
211:serials
108:as the
86:>30
3703:Rochen
3627:Fw 300
3622:Fw 260
3606:Ta 400
3601:Fw 300
3596:Ta 254
3591:Fw 206
3586:Fw 200
3581:Fw 191
3576:Fw 190
3571:Fw 189
3566:Fw 187
3561:Fw 186
3556:Ta 183
3551:Fw 159
3546:Ta 154
3541:Ta 152
3462:WĂĽrger
3382:Condor
2897:Cierva
2826:Duigan
2816:Ashton
2704:Spider
2694:Avocet
2653:Wright
2580:Vulcan
2449:Trader
2429:Saloon
2394:Ashton
2298:Athena
765:Type J
760:Type H
755:Type G
750:Type F
740:Type E
735:Type D
587:
562:
524:
491:
419:Range:
169:G-ABXP
131:Hamble
55:Cierva
3536:Fw 62
3531:Fw 61
3526:Fw 58
3521:Fw 57
3516:Fw 56
3511:Fw 55
3506:Fw 47
3501:Fw 44
3496:Fw 43
3491:Fw 42
3486:Fw 40
3457:Weihe
3392:Falke
3365:Names
3257:GL 22
3237:GL 18
2821:Burga
2755:Avian
2643:Bison
2633:Anson
2479:XXIII
2454:Tudor
2404:Eight
2389:Anson
2313:Tutor
2303:Cadet
2293:Anson
783:Built
346:Crew:
262:Mk.II
218:K1948
214:K1696
146:rotor
40:Role
21:C.19
3427:Möwe
3387:Ente
3322:S 48
3317:A 47
3312:A 43
3307:S 39
3302:A 38
3297:A 36
3292:A 33
3287:A 32
3282:A 29
3277:A 28
3272:A 26
3267:S 24
3262:K 23
3252:A 21
3247:A 20
3242:F 19
3232:A 17
3227:A 16
3086:C.40
3081:C.39
3076:C.37
3071:C.34
3066:C.33
3061:C.32
3056:C.31
3051:C.30
3046:C.29
3041:C.28
3036:C.27
3031:C.26
3026:C.25
3020:C.24
3015:C.21
3010:C.20
3004:C.19
2999:C.18
2994:C.17
2989:C.14
2984:C.12
2979:C.11
2974:C.10
2957:(UK)
2765:Baby
2760:Avis
2699:Pike
2570:Pike
2484:York
2474:XXII
2414:Five
2249:Role
1792:685B
683:Avro
675:Avro
585:ISSN
560:ISBN
522:ISBN
489:ISBN
390:1 Ă—
302:C.21
288:C.20
216:and
106:Avro
92:The
75:1929
3477:RLM
3467:Uhu
3344:W 7
3339:W 4
3334:S 2
3329:S 1
3222:A 7
3217:A 6
3212:A 5
3207:A 4
3202:A 3
3119:W.9
3114:W.6
3109:W.5
3104:W.4
2969:C.9
2964:C.8
2945:C.7
2940:C.6
2935:C.5
2930:C.4
2925:C.3
2920:C.2
2915:C.1
2811:707
2806:576
2801:575
2796:574
2745:560
2740:558
2735:539
2730:538
2725:510
2684:531
2679:530
2674:527
2669:521
2628:541
2623:512
2618:511
2613:510
2608:508
2603:503
2598:501
2540:Ava
2525:730
2520:529
2515:528
2510:522
2505:519
2500:504
2469:XXI
2459:XIX
2444:Ten
2434:Six
2379:748
2374:652
2369:618
2364:553
2359:547
2354:546
2349:542
2344:537
2339:536
2288:552
2283:548
2278:545
2273:540
2268:504
2263:500
2232:784
2227:783
2222:782
2217:781
2212:779
2207:778
2202:777
2197:776
2192:775
2187:774
2182:773
2177:772
2172:771
2167:770
2162:769
2157:768
2152:767
2147:766
2142:765
2137:764
2132:763
2127:762
2122:761
2117:760
2112:759
2107:758
2102:757
2097:756
2092:755
2087:754
2082:753
2077:752
2072:751
2067:750
2062:749
2057:747
2052:746
2047:745
2042:744
2037:743
2032:742
2027:741
2022:740
2017:739
2012:738
2007:737
2002:736
1997:735
1992:734
1987:733
1982:732
1977:731
1972:730
1967:729
1962:728
1957:727
1952:726
1947:725
1942:724
1937:723
1932:722
1927:721
1922:720
1917:719
1912:718
1907:717
1902:716
1897:715
1892:714
1887:713
1882:712
1877:711
1872:710
1867:709
1862:708
1857:705
1852:704
1847:703
1842:702
1837:700
1832:699
1827:697
1822:695
1817:693
1812:692
1807:690
1802:687
1797:686
1787:684
1782:682
1777:681
1772:680
1767:678
1762:677
1757:676
1752:675
1747:673
1742:672
1737:670
1732:669
1727:668
1722:666
1717:665
1712:664
1707:663
1702:662
1697:660
1692:659
1687:658
1682:657
1677:656
1672:655
1667:653
1662:651
1657:650
1652:649
1647:648
1642:647
1637:645
1632:644
1627:636
1622:635
1617:634
1612:633
1607:632
1602:630
1597:629
1592:628
1587:622
1582:615
1577:614
1572:613
1567:610
1562:609
1557:608
1552:607
1547:606
1542:603
1537:602
1532:601
1527:600
1522:599
1517:598
1512:597
1507:596
1502:595
1497:593
1492:592
1487:591
1482:590
1477:589
1472:588
1467:583
1462:580
1457:579
1452:578
1447:577
1442:573
1437:570
1432:569
1427:568
1422:556
1417:565
1412:564
1407:559
1402:553
1397:550
1392:544
1387:542
1382:541
1377:537
1372:535
1367:532
1362:526
1357:525
1352:524
1347:522
1342:520
1337:518
1332:517
1327:516
1322:515
1317:513
1312:512
1307:509
1302:506
1295:505
1278:780
1273:748
1268:707
1263:706
1258:701
1253:698
1248:696
1243:694
1238:691
1233:689
1228:688
1223:685
1218:683
1213:679
1208:674
1203:671
1198:667
1193:661
1188:654
1183:652
1178:646
1173:643
1168:642
1163:641
1158:640
1153:639
1148:638
1143:637
1138:631
1133:627
1128:626
1123:625
1118:624
1113:623
1108:621
1103:620
1098:619
1093:618
1088:617
1083:616
1078:612
1073:611
1068:605
1063:604
1058:594
1053:587
1048:586
1043:585
1038:584
1033:582
1028:581
1023:576
1018:575
1013:574
1008:572
1003:571
998:567
993:566
988:563
983:562
978:561
973:560
968:558
963:557
958:555
953:554
948:552
943:551
938:549
933:548
928:547
923:546
918:545
913:543
908:540
903:539
898:538
893:536
888:534
883:533
878:531
873:530
868:529
863:528
858:527
853:523
848:521
843:519
838:514
833:511
828:510
823:508
816:507
812:504
807:503
802:502
797:501
792:500
220:).
3745::
2464:XX
540:.
304:–
290:–
260:–
175:.
133:.
3179:e
3172:t
3165:v
2889:e
2882:t
2875:v
667:e
660:t
653:v
591:.
544:.
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