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However, the post-independence era saw a surge in films by
African filmmakers who sought to portray authentic African stories, often focusing on themes of decolonization, identity, and cultural heritage. This period gave birth to what is often referred to as the "Golden Age" of African cinema, characterized by filmmakers like Ousmane Sembène, who is widely regarded as the father of African cinema
2857:
growing interest in
African cinema from international audiences and film festivals, providing more opportunities for African filmmakers to showcase their work on the world stage. The increased visibility of African films is also fostering collaborations between African filmmakers and their counterparts in other parts of the world, leading to richer and more diverse cinematic narratives
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both within Africa and internationally. The lack of a robust distribution network means that many
African films do not reach a wide audience, limiting their impact and profitability. Moreover, the dominance of Hollywood and Bollywood films in African markets poses a significant challenge to local filmmakers who must compete for audience attention
552:
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Despite its growth, African cinema faces significant challenges, including limited funding, distribution difficulties, and competition with
Hollywood and Bollywood. Many African filmmakers struggle to secure financing for their projects, and those who do often face hurdles in distributing their films
1037:
has been recognised as one of the pioneers of
African cinema in the diaspora. She is the founder of Les Griots (The Troubadours), the first drama company in France made for actors of African and Afro-Caribbean descent. Originally in the theatre, she went on to study filmmaking at the State Institute
1253:
Part 1 of the report is titled Pan-African Trends
Shaping the Future of the Continent's Film and Audiovisual Sector, Part 2 is Strategic Development and Growth Models, Part 3 presents detailed national mappings of the countries, and an annex lists historical key dates in African cinema from 1896 to
1022:
was the first
African woman film director to gain international recognition. Faye's first film La Passante (The Passerby) was released in 1972 and following this, Kaddu Beykat (Letter from My Village), the filmmaker's first feature film was released in 1975. Faye continued to be active with several
898:
condition of
African societies. "The situation contemporary African societies live in is one in which they are dominated on several levels: politically, economically and culturally." African filmmakers stressed their solidarity with progressive filmmakers in other parts of the world. African cinema
542:
Because most films made prior to independence were egregiously racist in nature, African filmmakers of the independence era, – such as
Ousmane Sembene and Oumarou Ganda, among others – saw filmmaking as an important political tool for rectifying the image of Africans
426:
came to independence with no film production facilities at all, since the colonial government there restricted film-making to colonialist propaganda, emphasizing the inferiority of indigenous populations. Therefore, little thought was given until independence to developing authentic
African voices.
1249:
and an analysis of their strengths and weaknesses at the continental and regional levels. The report proposes strategic recommendations for the development of the film and audiovisual sectors in Africa and invites policymakers, professional organizations, firms, filmmakers and artists to implement
71:
culture. It dates back to the early 20th century, when film reels were the primary cinematic technology in use. As there are more than 50 countries with audiovisual traditions, there is no one single 'African cinema'. Both historically and culturally, there are major regional differences between
1210:
African cinema has been a powerful medium for exploring and challenging the representations of African identity. Filmmakers often grapple with the portrayal of African cultures, traditions, and modernity, striving to present a narrative that counters the stereotypical depictions seen in Western
271:
African cinema evolved through different historical phases, each reflecting the socio-political landscape of the continent. The early years of African cinema were heavily influenced by colonialism, with many films produced by European directors who often depicted Africa through a colonial lens.
2856:
The future of African cinema looks promising with the advent of digital technology and the rise of new platforms for distribution, such as streaming services. These advancements are making it easier for African filmmakers to produce and distribute their films globally. Additionally, there is a
1219:
by Souleymane Cissé are examples where African filmmakers use cinema to assert their identity and challenge the dominant narratives imposed by colonial and post-colonial powers. These films have contributed significantly to a reimagining of African identity on the global stage.
861:
Directors including Haroun and Kahiu have expressed concerns about the lack of cinema infrastructure and appreciation in various African countries. However, organizations such as the Changamoto arts fund are providing more resources and opportunities to African filmmakers.
206:
During the colonial era, Africa was represented largely by Western filmmakers. In the first decades of the twentieth century, Western filmmakers made films that depicted black Africans as "exoticized", "submissive workers" or as "savage or cannibalistic". For example, see
322:, in particular a young African entertaining his little brother with a baby crocodile on a string. Yet Africans were portrayed merely as human, but not equals; a dialogue card, for example, referred to the movements of a traditional dance as naive. His lover, writer
1164:, a coming-of-age romantic drama about two teenage girls in the present-day Kenya. The film made headlines, partly for its selection at the Cannes Film Festival but also for its exploration of sexuality that did not sit well with the Kenyan government.
1254:
2021. Apart from the historical developments of audiovisual productions, major filmmakers and their artistic merit and recent trends, such as online streaming, as well as the lack of training, funding, and appreciation of this industry, are discussed.
642:(Fédération Panafricaine des Cinéastes, or FEPACI) was formed in 1969 to promote African film industries in terms of production, distribution and exhibition. From its inception, FEPACI was seen as a critical partner organization to the
526:
and others of seeing Africans "as if they are insects," Rouch was an important figure in the developing field of African film and was the first person to work with Africans, of whom many had important careers in African cinema
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which shows the journey of a family from the Central African Republic seeking asylum in France. Haroun is part of the Chadian diaspora in France, and uses the film to explore aspects of this diasporan experience.
662:, shot in 1969, was immediately recognized. No less politically engaged than Sembène, he chose a more controversial filmic language to show what it means to be a stranger in France with the "wrong" skin colour.
4372:
178:
is the largest in Africa in terms of volume, number of annual films, revenue and popularity. It is also the second largest film producer in the world. In 2016, Nigeria's film industry contributed 2.3% to its
4804:"Reactivating the Lost Revolutionary Films of Guinea-Bissau: In her debut feature, artist Filipa César documents the digitization of films made in the African country around the time of its independence"
5693:
3513:
4075:"The death of cinema in Congo: how churches killed off cowboy films: As the country is left without a single film theatre, a new documentary explores the end of a once thriving movie culture"
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were launched in 2004, marking the growth of local film industries like that of Nigeria as well as the development and spread of the film industry culture in sub-Saharan Africa.
522:(1961). Rouch's documentaries were not explicitly anti-colonial, but did challenge perceptions of colonial Africa and give a new voice to Africans. Although Rouch was accused by
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Fernando Arenas - Portuguese Literary and Cultural Studies, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth (May 29, 2018). Christopher Larkosh; Mario Perreira; Memory Holloway (eds.).
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is a growing genre, encompassing Africans both on the continent and in the diaspora who tell science or speculative fiction stories involving Africa and African people.
894:(Charter of the African cinéaste), which recognized the importance of postcolonial and neocolonial realities in African cinema. The filmmakers start by recalling the
310:
Much early ethnographic cinema "focused on highlighting the differences between indigenous people and the white civilised man, thus reinforcing colonial propaganda".
4376:
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portrays a Mauritanian city struggling against foreign influences through the journey of a migrant coming home from Europe. Migration is also an important theme in
4123:"Congo : ouverture d'une salle de cinéma à la pointe de la technologie: La République du Congo s'offre un cinéma de haut standing de 200 places à Brazzaville"
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4125:[Congo:Opening of a cutting-edge cinema hall: The Republic of the Congo getting a luxury cinema with 200 seats in Brazzaville] (in French). JeuneAfrique
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Some African countries suffer a lack of freedom of speech, that undermine the film industry. This is specially severe in Equatorial Guinea. The feature film
612:
in 1966. Initially a writer, Sembène had turned to cinema to reach a wider audience. He is still considered the "father of African cinema". Sembène's native
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738:, Democratic Republic of the Congo, shut down in 2004. Many of the former cinemas were converted to churches. In 2009 the UN refugee agency screened
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from making films of their own. The ban stunted the growth of film as a means of African expression, political, cultural, and artistic. Congolese
5419:
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is a Zambian-Welsh director and screenwriter. Born in Zambia and also raised in Wales, Nyoni went on to graduate from the University of Arts in
1018:
Recognised as one of the pioneers of Senegalese cinema as well as cinema developed on the African continent at large, ethnologist and filmmaker
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754:, Republic of the Congo, a 200-seat cinema, MTS Movies House, opened in 2016, and in April 2018, construction began on another new cinema .
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with a Master's in acting in 2009. Her filmography as a filmmaker (whether as a director or screenwriter) also includes the short films:
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The African and the Cinema: An Account of the Work of the Bantu Educational Cinema Experiment during the Period March 1935 to May 1937
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are among the oldest in the world. Cinema of Egypt in particular is the most established and flourishing industry in Africa. Pioneers
650:. FEPACI looks at the role of film in the politico-economic and cultural development of African states and the continent as a whole.
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4373:"The pioneer in African cinema Sarah Maldoror, special guest to DocumentaMadrid and the Reina Sofía Museum | DocumentaMadrid"
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Colonial era films portrayed Africa as exotic, without history or culture. Examples abound and include jungle epics based on the
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5055:
4803:
4711:"The Filmography of Guinea-Bissau's Sana Na N'Hada: From the Return of Amílcar Cabral to the Threat of Global Drug Trafficking"
3441:
1127:. The film, about the events involved in the celebration of an aristocratic wedding, would go on to become the most successful
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922:, try to give African history back to African people by remembering the resistance to European and Islamic domination.
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340:, the first major film starring a black woman. Baker had caused a sensation in the Paris arts scene by dancing in the
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audience. A notable theme in early South African cinema was the ethnic confrontation between Afrikaner (specifically
1196:(2014). She has been awarded a variety of awards including a BAFTA for outstanding debut by a British filmmaker for
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Contemporary African cinema deals with a wide variety of themes relating to modern issues and universal problems.
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often recur in African films. African film has also been influenced by traditions from other continents, such as
891:
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is often cited as the first producer of indigenous African cinema, screening his own short documentaries in the
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African cinema, like cinema in other world regions, covers a wide variety of topics. In Algiers in 1975, the
627:
in 1969, African film created its own forum. FESPACO now takes place every two years in alternation with the
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Murphskirty, David (2000). "Africans Filming Africa: Questioning Theories of an Authentic African Cinema".
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Migration and relations between African and European countries is a common theme among many African films.
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Ben Kenigsberg (June 27, 2017). "Review: 'Spell Reel' Shows a Revolution Filmed, on the Leader's Orders".
4777:"Film Screening: SEMBENE! The Inspiring Story of the Father of African Cinema with Director Samba Gadjigo"
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5190:. Wiley-Blackwell companions to national cinemas. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. p. 498.
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published a report of the film and audiovisual industry in 54 states of the African continent including
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released works in the latter half of the 1970s all the way through her latest work, the 1996 drama film
812:
412:(IDHEC) in Paris, and despite the ban on filmmaking in Africa, was granted permission to make a film in
304:
67:
or screening of films on the African continent, and also refers to the persons involved in this form of
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1977:
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4981:(in French, English, and Portuguese). Fédération africaine de la critique cinématographique (FACC),
929:. Like griots, filmmakers' task is to express and reflect communal experiences. Patterns of African
398: – along with his colleagues from Le Group Africain du Cinema, shot a short film in
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in Cairo began producing mostly formulaic comedies and musicals, but also films like Kamal Selim's
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Viewing African Cinema in the Twenty-First Century: Art Films and the Nollywood Video Revolution
5075:
Contemporary Lusophone African film : transnational communities and alternative modernities
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461:, about European theft of African art. The second part of this film was for banned bannears ban
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157:(1939). Egyptian cinema flourished in the 1940s, 1950s, and 1960s, considered its Golden Age.
139:
128:
88:
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3291:"LibGuides: Middle Eastern & North African Cinema & Film: Egyptian Cinema & Film"
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continued to be the most important place of African film production for more than a decade.
608:. It showed the despair of an African woman who has to work as a maid in France. It won the
446:
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Before the colonies' independence, few anti-colonial films were produced. Examples include
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in eastern and south-eastern African countries was conducted in an attempt to "educate the
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portrays the futuristic fictional Maitu community in Africa 35 years after World War III.
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4033:"In Cannes, African filmmakers are plotting to take back control from European producers"
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438:, mostly about hygiene. Only three films from this project survive; they are kept at the
4911:
3681:"The anti-colonial gaze in ethnographic cinema: "Voyage au Congo" e "Marquis de Wavrin""
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4424:"Meet the director of the Kenyan lesbian romance who sued the government who banned it"
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1192:(2014, short), and she was also one of the directors of the international film project
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put forward by Western filmmakers and for reclaiming the image of Africa for Africans.
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983:(1943-2023), Senegalese film director, anthropologist, ethnologist and feminist, 2004.
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458:
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332:
323:
228:
197:
163:
5138:
4832:
McCall, J. C (2007). "The Pan-Africanism We Have: Nollywood's Invention of Africa".
4696:
4552:
Africa Shoots Back: Alternative Perspectives in Sub-Saharan Francophone African Film
3862:
Africa Shoots Back: Alternative Perspectives in Sub-Saharan Francophone African Film
3591:
3445:
705:(Mali, 1995) was also well received in the West. Many films of the 1990s, including
346:
8109:
7248:
7193:
7178:
6792:
6117:
5733:
3997:"Ousmane Sembene, 84; Senegalese hailed as 'the father of African film'" (obituary)
3248:
3226:
3215:
3209:
2758:
2741:
2661:
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2549:
2408:
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2005:
1993:
1989:
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1924:
1858:
1686:
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1138:
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995:
965:
900:
849:
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762:
624:
512:
500:, controversial with both French and African audiences. Film documentaries such as
476:
454:
371:
359:
276:
73:
41:
4759:"The Man Running a Queer Film Festival in a Nation Where Homosexuality Is Illegal"
3254:
The African film industry. Trends, challenges and opportunities for growth
3178:
2835:, 2017, documentary on the digitization of revolutionary films from Guinea-Bissau.
4730:"One of Africa's oldest animated films has a timeless message about African life"
4664:
4650:
8095:
8049:
7258:
6112:
6029:
5743:
5728:
5171:
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728:
723:
with the increasing availability of home video cameras in Nigeria, and soon put
319:
168:
148:
108:
68:
49:
2753:
4887:
4619:
3764:
Halhoul, Khalid (2012). "Using African Cinema to Shift Cultural Perceptions."
3203:
3119:
2974:
2901:
2637:
2603:
2578:
2480:
2448:
2400:
2384:
2313:
2164:
2084:
2080:
2076:
1656:
1034:
844:
743:
695:(Mali, 1987) was the first film made by a Black African to compete at Cannes.
574:
497:
496:
Also doing film work in Africa at this time was French ethnographic filmmaker
463:
296:
292:
217:
144:
112:
96:
64:
5245:
5130:
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7275:
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1128:
1019:
980:
724:
653:
532:
288:
201:
3782:"Caught in the Undertow: African Francophone Cinema in the French New Wave"
674:
Malian film director Souleymane Cissé at the third International Festival "
4601:
The African film industry. Trends, challenges and opportunities for growth
3941:
The Adventure of the Real: Jean Rouch and the Craft of Ethnographic Cinema
3887:
The Adventure of the Real: Jean Rouch and the Craft of Ethnographic Cinema
3485:"Nigeria surpasses Hollywood as world's second largest film producer – UN"
2008:, Radwan El-Kashef, Hady El Bagoury, Ali Ragab, Hala Khaleel, Ehab Lamey,
1148:
which was awarded Best Director, Best Screenplay, and Best Picture at the
354:
131:, Chikly would go on to produce important early milestones such as 1924's
5230:. Woodbridge, Suffolk, UK: James Currey imprint of Boydell & Brewer.
4147:[Cinema: Soon a screen in Brazzaville] (in French). 19 April 2018
3639:"Almost 100 years old and still rolling! The history of SA cinema Part 2"
3070:
2964:
2813:
2788:
735:
658:
628:
5206:
Lelievre, Samuel (ed.), "Cinémas africains, une oasis dans le désert?",
3821:
Abiola Irele; Biodun Jeyifo (2010). Abiola Irele; Biodun Jeyifo (eds.).
3381:"Alexandria, Why? (The Beginnings of the Cinema Industry in Alexandria)"
3339:
3315:
5139:"Ecrans d'Afrique, Revue internationale de cinéma, télévision et vidéo"
5113:
Francophone African cinema : history, culture, politics and theory
4355:
Beti Ellerson, "African through a Woman's Eyes: Safi Faye's Cinema" in
4342:
3912:
3583:
2914:
2891:
1132:
1038:
of Cinematography of the Russian Federation (VGIK) in Moscow. In 1972,
1024:
848:
is a well-known example, portraying an alien invasion of South Africa.
679:
632:
620:
613:
395:
116:
27:
3575:
2809:, Directors: François Kotlarski, Eric Münch, Burkina Faso/France, 2001
1013:(born 1967), Egyptian film director, producer, and screenwriter, 2018.
750:. The film deals with rape in the Congolese civil wars In neighboring
731:
English-language films. Nollywood produced 1844 movies in 2013 alone.
36:(1963, Arabic: الناصر صلاح الدين, Al Nasser Salah Ad-Din) directed by
5764:
5470:
4961:(in French, English, and Portuguese). Afrimages, Olivier Barlet. 2023
3008:(FESPACO) is the largest and most prestigious film festival in Africa
1238:
1177:
1053:
938:
713:(Cameroon, 1992), are situated in the globalized African metropolis.
691:
413:
242:
124:
4975:"Africine.org, Le leader mondial (cinémas africains & diaspora)"
4100:"DR Congo: UNHCR uses cinema to spread awareness of sexual violence"
3972:"The Story of Sembene!: How Ousmane Sembene Invented African Cinema"
6342:
4866:
5439:
4359:(ed) Francoise Pfaff, (Bloomington: Indiana University, 2004), 185
4052:"Meet 'Nollywood': The second largest movie industry in the world"
4012:
3111:
Silicon Valley African Film Festival, held in San Jose, California
2999:
2949:
2931:
2921:
2905:
2881:
2752:
1100:
926:
905:
854:
791:
776:
669:
565:
550:
481:
399:
391:
353:
300:
223:
104:
100:
23:
17:
4863:"Bushmanfilmfestival – Smartphone Film festival in Côte d'Ivoire"
3271:
3269:
275:
One of the first films to be entirely produced in Africa was the
6765:
6761:
6346:
5443:
5394:
4934:
3356:
Companion Encyclopedia of Middle Eastern and North African Film
998:(born 1980), Kenyan film director, producer, and author, 2018.
420:
explores the difficulties of being an African in 1950s France.
4537:
The Cinema of Apartheid: Race and Class in South African Film
4462:
4145:"Cinéma : bientôt une salle de projection à Brazzaville"
3702:
Barlet, Olivier (2012). "The Ambivalence of French Funding".
3316:"The Egyptian Cinema: Industry and Art in a Changing Society"
1056:. Surviving African women of this war are the subject of the
586:(Egyptian Arabic: الناس والنيل, Al Nass Wal Nil) directed by
5372:
5094:
African Film and Literature: Adapting Violence to the Screen
4954:
3275:
Hayward, Susan. "Third World Cinemas: African Continent" in
3150:
3093:
The African Film Festival (TAFF) held in Dallas in late June
2992:
Luanda International Pan African Film Festival (Luanda PAFF)
1571:
1490:
1414:
1313:
1267:
1170:, best known for the internationally acclaimed feature film
594:
The first African film to win international recognition was
4974:
4582:
African Video Movies and Global Desires: A Ghanaian History
3466:. AFRIFF African International Film Festival. 4 August 2023
925:
The African filmmaker is often compared to the traditional
127:
of Tunis as early as December 1905. Alongside his daughter
5397: – comprehensive database of African media
878:'s dictatorship, one of the longest lasting in the world.
3770:(June/July 2012 edition). Mixed Media Section, pp. 78–79.
1033:, a French filmmaker and the daughter of immigrants from
416:. Considered the first film directed by a black African,
80:
cinemas, and between the cinemas of different countries.
4941:(in French, English, and Portuguese). Africultures. 2023
4401:. Cleaveland International Film Festival. Archived from
3417:"The Golden Age of Egyptian Cinema – the 1940s to 1960s"
3251:
work. Licensed under CC-BY-SA 3.0 IGO. Text taken from
3102:
Africa World Documentary Film Festival, held in St Louis
386:
based on a folk story about a man and his dog. In 1955,
5216:"Film Policy and the development of the African Cinema"
3811:. Bloomington, Indiana: Indiana University Press, p. 3.
874:
is the first to be shot in the country and critic with
5286:, University of California Press, 1976, pp. 44–64
3006:
Panafrican Film and Television Festival of Ouagadougou
2981:
Panafrican Film and Television Festival of Ouagadougou
5210:, no. 106, Paris, Télérama/Corlet, 1st trimester 2003
5186:
Harrow, Kenneth W.; Garritano, Carmela, eds. (2019).
5077:. Remapping world cinema. Abingdon, Oxon: Routledge.
4512:"CAA Signs 'I Am Not a Witch' Director Rungano Nyoni"
3827:. Vol. 1. Oxford University Press. p. 234.
2989:(Tarifa-Tangier African Film Festival), Morocco/Spain
2937:
Bushman Film Festival, held in Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
2618:, Teddy Matthera, Morabane Modise, Sechaba Morejele,
765:
in 2006. It was followed by FEPACI 9th Congress. The
326:, accompanied Allégret and wrote a book, also titled
287:(1916), South Africa's (and possibly Africa's) first
5412:"Using African Cinema to Shift Cultural Perceptions"
5167:"Using African Cinema to Shift Cultural Perceptions"
2920:
Ananse Cinema International Film Festival (ANCIFF),
8040:
8007:
7930:
7863:
7856:
7799:
7704:
7621:
7548:
7539:
7507:
7392:
7349:
7291:
7129:
7074:
7065:
7035:
6989:
6933:
6857:
6821:
6812:
6686:
6661:
6380:
6211:
6140:
6078:
6011:
5956:
5875:
5763:
5680:
5640:
5597:
5490:
5481:
3514:"Nigeria's Nollywood eclipsing Hollywood in Africa"
1141:is a Kenyan film director, best known for her film
5434:"Top African Film Directors in Alphabetical order"
5154:Créée en 1992. Elle n'est plus éditée depuis 1998.
4955:"Afrimages, Cinémas d'Afrique: analyses critiques"
4638:
3864:. Bloomington, Indiana: Indiana University Press,
1121:director, made her directorial debut in 2016 with
1103:cinema to direct a fictional film. Her short film
5307:Tomaselli, Keyan G., & Mhando, Martin (eds),
3881:For more on Rouch's work, see Steven Feld (ed.),
2971:Festival International du Film Amateur de Kélibia
5344:. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
5326:. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
4995:Actuellement recensés 21 791 films, 2 562 textes
4487:"Producer and script consulting Valeria Richter"
4217:"Mahamat-Saleh HAROUN - Festival de Cannes 2018"
408:(1955). Vieyra was trained in filmmaking at the
619:With the creation of the African film festival
5289:Şaul, Mahir and Ralph Austen, Ralph A. (eds),
4343:"The Writer from a Country Without Bookstores"
1446:Cinema of the Democratic Republic of the Congo
6777:
6358:
5455:
5073:de Medeiros, Paulo; Apa, Livia, eds. (2021).
2004:, Samir Seif, Nader Galal, Ali Abdel-Khalek,
910:Senegalese film director, producer and write
410:Institut des hautes études cinématographiques
8:
3491:. United Nations. 2009-05-05. Archived from
3279:(Third Edition). Routledge, 2006. p. 426-442
3247: This article incorporates text from a
3077:Festival des Cinémas d'Afrique du pays d'Apt
2363:, Dele Ajakaiye, Andy Amenechi, Bayo Awala,
872:The Writer From a Country Without Bookstores
5406:Wiki of the African Film Festival of Tarifa
3939:, pp. 23–24. See also Henley, Paul (2010),
3898:See, for example, Nwachukwu Frank Ukadike,
1111:on the divorce of a young Gabonese couple.
7860:
7545:
7071:
6818:
6784:
6770:
6762:
6365:
6351:
6343:
6017:
5960:
5881:
5769:
5686:
5487:
5462:
5448:
5440:
5369:(in French, extensive business discussion)
3824:The Oxford Encyclopedia of African Thought
3622:Postcolonial African Cinema: Ten Directors
1233:UNESCO report on the African film industry
291:film and oldest surviving film, about the
5257:. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.
4121:Jean-Sebastien Josset (August 25, 2016).
2928:Aswan International Women's Film Festival
1099:became the first woman in the history of
4268:"Wanuri Kahiu "In Kenya, I'm a hustler""
3444:. British Film Institute. Archived from
5401:Library of African Cinema in California
3546:"Spotlight: The Nigerian Film Industry"
3383:. Bibliotheca Alexandrina's AlexCinema.
3265:
1152:. Nearly 10 years after the release of
968:(born 1980), Nigerian film maker, 2014.
955:
382:in 1951 and in 1953 Mamadou Touré made
370:, Africans were prohibited by the 1934
5221:– via Michigan State University.
5017:African Cinemas: Decolonizing the Gaze
4935:"Africultures, les mondes en relation"
3851:, London: Edinburgh House Press, 1937.
3809:African Film: Re-Imagining a Continent
3540:
3538:
2941:Cabo Verde International Film Festival
2898:Alexandria International Film Festival
1436:Cinema of the Central African Republic
5043:"The Five Decades of African Cinemas"
4367:
4365:
3633:
3631:
2229:, Solo Randrasana, Luck Razanajaona,
1073:also worked as assistant director on
918:Some African filmmakers, for example
7:
5378:The Heavy Flag of Pan-African Cinema
5311:, Bristol : Intellect, 2009 -,
4888:"TAFF WORKSHOPS AND EVENTS CALENDAR"
4567:African Cinema: Politics and Culture
3749:African Cinema: Politics and Culture
3442:"African Cinema: Invisible Classics"
3034:Zanzibar International Film Festival
2867:List of film festivals § Africa
2803:, Democratic Republic of Congo, 2005
2590:, Seipati Bulani-Hopa, Mickey Dube,
888:Pan African Federation of Filmmakers
640:Pan African Federation of Filmmakers
5367:Movie theatres re-opening in Africa
4240:Cousins, Mark (September 3, 2012).
4073:Colm McAuliffe (November 6, 2015).
3683:. Cinefilia ritrovata. July 1, 2018
3564:Journal of African Cultural Studies
3067:Festival cinémas d’Afrique Lausanne
3012:Rencontres du Film Court Madagascar
2911:Amakula International Film Festival
1465:Cinema of the Republic of the Congo
1150:Africa Movie Academy Awards in 2009
1107:addresses the impact of modern and
432:Bantu Educational Kinema Experiment
390: – originally from
281:The Great Kimberley Diamond Robbery
258:(1951), and various adaptations of
5004:, Indiana University Press, 2008,
4983:African Federation of Film Critics
4779:. February 7, 2017. Archived from
4653:, African Film Festival, New York.
4266:Kermeliotis, Teo (30 March 2010).
3847:Notcutt, L. A., and G. C. Latham,
3460:"Top 10 film industries in Africa"
3024:Sahara International Film Festival
2878:Africa International Film Festival
1131:film in the history of her native
719:experienced a large growth in the
556:The Ghana Broadcasting Puppet Show
351:clad only in a string of bananas.
318:(1927) respectfully portrayed the
14:
6108:Confederation of African Football
5429:Pan-African Film Festival, Cannes
5340:Ukadike, Nwachukwu Frank (1994).
5322:Ukadike, Nwachukwu Frank (1994).
5228:Men in African film & fiction
4802:Ela Bittencourt (June 27, 2017).
4242:"African Cinema: ten of the best"
3609:. University of California Press.
3218:, includes filmmakers from Africa
3206:, Somali film industry, Ohio, USA
2946:Cairo International Film Festival
143:the first feature-length film by
8103:
8089:
6673:Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic
6443:Democratic Republic of the Congo
5284:Movies and Methods. An Anthology
5111:Friendéthié, Martial K. (2009).
5002:Dictionary of African Filmmakers
4904:
4757:Yael Even Or (August 14, 2017).
4728:Lynsey Chutel (March 30, 2018).
4323:Committee to Protect Journalists
4166:Gonzalez, Ed (October 4, 2002).
4031:Nadia Neophytou (May 19, 2018).
3970:Bilge Ebiri (November 5, 2015).
3277:Cinema Studies: The Key Concepts
3242:
3136:
3122:
1881:Democratic Republic of the Congo
1224:Challenges Facing African Cinema
1003:
988:
973:
958:
471:, showed anti-colonial riots in
5278:, "Towards a Third Cinema" in:
5056:Michigan State University Press
4746:. South African History Online.
4399:"THE BATTLE OF THE SACRED TREE"
3641:. February 2010. Archived from
3620:Murphy, D; Williams, P (2007).
2391:, Billy Kings, Chris Obi Rapu,
2211:Marie-Clémence Andriamonta-Paes
1475:Cinema of São Tomé and Príncipe
1065:(The forgotten women), made by
358:Egyptian filmmaker and actress
167:(1958) laid the foundation for
5165:Halhoul, Khalid (2012-07-03).
5115:. Jefferson, N.C.: McFarland.
4847:Okome, O.; Haynes, J. (2010).
4639:Lora-Mungai & Pimenta 2021
3624:. Manchester University Press.
3520:. May 15, 2010. Archived from
2046:: Henri Joseph Koumba Bibidi,
1:
5188:A companion to African cinema
5096:. Columbia University Press.
4510:Donnelly, Matt (2018-11-27).
4050:Jake Bright (June 24, 2015).
3913:"You look at us like insects"
3353:Leaman, Oliver (2003-12-16).
1779:Bernard Auguste Kouemo Yanghu
1090:The Battle of the Sacred Tree
876:Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo
644:Organisation of African Unity
209:Kings of the Cannibal Islands
4669:. Indiana University Press.
4319:"10 Most Censored Countries"
3780:Wes Felton (December 2010).
3046:Atesib Film Festival, Israel
3014:(Madagascourt Film Festival)
2852:The Future of African Cinema
1250:them in a concerted manner.
5836:International organisations
5390:African Cinema in the 1990s
5226:Ouzgane, Lahoucine (2011).
5052:Contemporary African Cinema
4569:. Indiana University Press.
4449:"Rungano Nyoni | IFFR"
4193:"A Season in France (2017)"
3945:University of Chicago Press
3724:10.2979/blackcamera.3.2.205
3716:10.2979/blackcamera.3.2.205
3162:Africa Movie Academy Awards
3020:(Hillywood), held in Rwanda
2996:Luxor African Film Festival
2888:Africa Movie Academy Awards
1897:Mars Kadiombo Yamba Bilonda
1455:Cinema of Equatorial Guinea
1206:Representation and Identity
892:Charte du cinéaste africain
767:Africa Movie Academy Awards
547:Post-independence and 1970s
283:(1911). It was followed by
22:Cinematic street poster in
8153:
6088:Africa Cricket Association
5894:Countries by GDP (nominal)
5309:Journal of African Cinemas
3295:guides.library.cornell.edu
3063:, Scotland in late October
2987:Festival of African Cinema
2864:
2749:Films about African cinema
734:The last movie theatre in
195:
137:. In 1927, Egypt produced
8083:
6799:
6304:
6103:Australian-rules football
6020:
5963:
5884:
5772:
5694:Countries and territories
5689:
5253:Pfaff, Françoise (2004).
4598:; Pimenta, Pedro (2021).
3885:(1994), and Paul Henley,
3860:Melissa Thackway (2003).
3837:– via Google Books.
3168:Atlas Corporation Studios
3106:Pan African Film Festival
2821:and Jason Silverman, 2015
2707:Joseph Kenneth Ssebaggala
2527:, As Thiam, Momar Thiam,
1791:Jean-Pierre Dikongué Pipa
451:Les statues meurent aussi
234:Barsoum Looking for a Job
93:Auguste and Louis Lumière
7007:Central African Republic
6428:Central African Republic
5050:Barlet, Olivier (2016).
5015:Barlet, Olivier (2000).
4851:. Ohio University Press.
4584:. Ohio University Press.
3753:Indiana University Press
3751:. Bloomington, Indiana:
3030:refugee camps in Algeria
2198:Lemohang Jeremiah Mosese
1258:List of cinema by region
899:is often seen a part of
583:Those People of the Nile
475:and in Upper Volta (now
95:screened their films in
6150:Countries by population
5863:United States of Africa
5092:Dovey, Lindiwe (2009).
4357:Focus on African Cinema
4221:Festival de Cannes 2018
4168:"Waiting for Happiness"
3222:Women in African cinema
3073:, Switzerland in August
2983:(FESPACO), Burkina Faso
2763:inflatable movie screen
2461:Clarence Thomas Delgado
2127:Cheick Fantamady Camara
2056:Manouchka Kelly Labouba
1350:Cinema of Guinea-Bissau
1215:by Ousmane Sembène and
1097:Manouchka Kelly Labouba
784:at the ceremony of the
362:, (1908-1983) in 1930s.
7717:Bosnia and Herzegovina
5899:Countries by GDP (PPP)
5841:Pan-African Parliament
5632:Science and technology
5255:Focus on African Films
4744:"Nelson "Nana" Mahomo"
4293:"Changamoto Arts Fund"
3807:Gugler, Josef (2003).
3320:Arab Studies Quarterly
3314:Gaffney, Jane (1987).
2961:El Gouna Film Festival
2956:Carthage Film Festival
2796:Le Congo, quel cinéma!
2781:La Belle at the Movies
2777:, Tunisia/France, 1983
2766:
2757:An Open-Air-Cinema in
2525:Paulin Soumanou Vieyra
2505:Ababacar Samb Makharam
2101:Shirley Frimpong-Manso
1889:Balufu Bakupa-Kanyinda
1617:Cinema of South Africa
1394:Cinema of Sierra Leone
1325:Cinema of Burkina Faso
1088:made the feature film
1077:(1966) with filmmaker
915:
800:
789:
683:
591:
563:
560:Beattie Casely-Hayford
493:
440:British Film Institute
430:In the mid-1930s, the
388:Paulin Soumanou Vieyra
363:
330:. Allégret later made
238:
181:gross domestic product
176:Nigerian film industry
134:The Girl from Carthage
53:
33:Saladin the Victorious
30:for the Egyptian film
7027:São Tomé and Príncipe
6588:São Tomé and Príncipe
6448:Republic of the Congo
5552:European colonisation
5515:Pre-colonial kingdoms
5395:African Media Program
5295:Ohio University Press
4604:. UNESCO. p. 3.
4580:Garritano, C (2013).
4535:Tomaselli, K (2013).
3657:"Voortrekkers (1916)"
3605:Ukadike, N.F (1994).
3174:List of African films
3108:, held in Los Angeles
3097:African Film Festival
2890:(AMAA, AMA Awards),
2756:
2738:Siphiwe Gloria Ndlovu
2703:George Stanley Nsamba
2546:Abdulkadir Ahmed Said
2533:Mahama Johnson Traoré
2489:Ousmane William Mbaye
2428:São Tomé and Príncipe
2223:Raymond Rajaonarivelo
1885:Machérie Ekwa Bahango
1803:Francois L. Woukoache
1541:Cinema of South Sudan
1497:Cinema of the Comoros
1355:Cinema of Ivory Coast
1211:media. Films such as
1075:The Battle of Algiers
909:
890:(FEPACI) adopted the
813:Waiting for Happiness
795:
780:
673:
569:
554:
485:
357:
245:character created by
227:
21:
7494:United Arab Emirates
6123:Stadiums by capacity
6070:World Heritage Sites
5547:European exploration
5342:Black African cinema
5324:Black African cinema
5272:Solanas, Fernando E.
5019:. London; New York:
4849:Nigerian Video Films
4783:on December 26, 2019
4715:Transnational Africa
4699:, Women Make movies.
4550:Thackway, M (2003).
3900:Black African Cinema
3607:Black African Cinema
3083:, France in November
3026:(FiSahara), held in
3018:Rwanda Film Festival
2465:Djibril Diop Mambéty
2383:, Greg Fiberesima,
2269:Abderrahmane Sissako
2248:Cheick Oumar Sissoko
2119:, Halaru B. Wandagou
1978:Ezz El-Dine Zulficar
1871:Fadika Kramo Lanciné
1833:Mahamat Saleh Haroun
1820:Júlio Silvão Tavares
1741:Saint Pierre Yaméogo
1696:Thabiso Maretlwaneng
1638:Directors by country
1607:Cinema of Mozambique
1593:Cinema of Madagascar
1531:Cinema of Seychelles
1374:Cinema of Mauritania
1335:Cinema of the Gambia
1330:Cinema of Cape Verde
823:Une Saison en France
818:Mahamat Saleh Haroun
808:Abderrahmane Sissako
799:, Egyptian film star
782:Abderrahmane Sissako
740:Breaking the Silence
697:Cheick Oumar Sissoko
486:Lobna Abdel Aziz in
265:King Solomon's Mines
121:Albert Samama Chikly
8132:Cinema by continent
8043:& transnational
6663:States with limited
5807:Freedom of religion
5792:Heads of government
5584:Scramble for Africa
4565:Diawara, M (1992).
3645:on 17 October 2020.
2801:Guy Bomanyama-Zandu
2785:Cecilia Zoppelletto
2029:: Yemane Demissie,
1953:Monique Mbeka Phoba
1901:Guy Bomanyama-Zandu
1775:Urbain Dia Moukouri
1522:Cinema of Mauritius
944:and the theatre of
759:African Film Summit
519:La pyramide humaine
424:Portuguese colonies
295:and targeted at an
63:and present of the
7895:Dominican Republic
5532:Indian Ocean trade
5422:2013-07-03 at the
5383:2015-08-09 at the
4834:Film International
4666:Africa Shoots Back
4596:Lora-Mungai, Marie
4018:2014-02-26 at the
3958:Africa Shoots Back
3902:(1994), pp. 48–58.
3397:. Cinema Ritrovato
3395:"Three Programmes"
3157:African literature
3099:, held in New York
2767:
2730:Tsitsi Dangarembga
2650:Kaouther Ben Hania
2612:Jonathan Liebesman
2507:, Ibrahima Sarr,
2497:Samba Félix Ndiaye
2493:Bouna Medoune Seye
2459:, Ahmadou Diallo,
2340:Moustapha Alassane
2282:Fátima Albuquerque
2240:Abdoulaye Ascofare
1937:Djo Tunda Wa Munga
1875:Roger Gnoan M'Bala
1851:Marie-Louise Asseu
1797:, Francis Taptue,
1795:Thérèse Sita-Bella
1767:Jean-Pierre Bekolo
1721:Fanta Régina Nacro
1700:Thato Rantao Mwosa
1683:Idrissou Mora Kpaï
1627:Cinema of Zimbabwe
1583:Cinema of Eswatini
1578:Cinema of Botswana
1551:Cinema of Tanzania
1512:Cinema of Ethiopia
1502:Cinema of Djibouti
1431:Cinema of Cameroon
1109:traditional values
935:Italian neorealism
916:
801:
790:
711:Jean-Pierre Bekolo
684:
592:
564:
537:Moustapha Alassane
494:
394:, but educated in
364:
239:
54:
8119:
8118:
8003:
8002:
7852:
7851:
7535:
7534:
7061:
7060:
6759:
6758:
6690:other territories
6463:Equatorial Guinea
6374:Cinema of Africa
6340:
6339:
6207:
6206:
6136:
6135:
5952:
5951:
5929:Natural resources
5871:
5870:
5817:Linguistic rights
5759:
5758:
5676:
5675:
5303:978-0-8214-1931-1
5214:Okome, Onookome.
4663:Thackway (2003).
4611:978-92-3-100470-4
4001:Los Angeles Times
3995:Dennis McLellan,
3956:Thackway (2003).
3870:978-0-253-34349-9
3784:. Senses of Self.
3576:10.1080/713674315
3234:
3233:
2840:This Is Nollywood
2726:M. K. Asante, Jr.
2693:, Hassan Kamoga,
2646:Mohamed Ben Attia
2608:William Kentridge
2563:Suhaib Gasmelbari
2521:Mansour Sora Wade
2477:Joseph Gaï Ramaka
2231:Laza Razanajatovo
2219:Philippe Raberojo
2173:Wanjiru Kinyanjui
2048:Pierre-Marie Dong
2018:Daoud Abdel Sayed
1998:Shady Abdel Salam
1957:Roger Kwami Zinga
1842:Hachimiya Ahamada
1783:Joséphine Ndagnou
1729:Idrissa Ouedraogo
1634:
1633:
1612:Cinema of Namibia
1588:Cinema of Lesotho
1563:
1562:
1536:Cinema of Somalia
1507:Cinema of Eritrea
1482:
1481:
1426:Cinema of Burundi
1406:
1405:
1389:Cinema of Senegal
1384:Cinema of Nigeria
1364:Cinema of Liberia
1305:
1304:
1298:Cinema of Tunisia
1293:Cinema of Morocco
1274:Cinema of Algeria
1237:In October 2021,
1124:The Wedding Party
1086:Wanjiru Kinyanjui
727:in the nexus for
631:film festival in
489:Bride of the Nile
418:Afrique Sur Seine
405:Afrique-sur-Seine
380:The Cinema Lesson
255:The African Queen
247:Edgar Rice Burrou
89:cinema of Tunisia
8144:
8137:Cinema of Africa
8110:World portal
8108:
8107:
8094:
8093:
8092:
8041:Intercontinental
7861:
7684:Northern Ireland
7546:
7072:
6819:
6786:
6779:
6772:
6763:
6751:
6750:(United Kingdom)
6746:Tristan da Cunha
6742:Ascension Island
6734:
6721:
6712:
6688:Dependencies and
6381:Sovereign states
6367:
6360:
6353:
6344:
6320:
6313:
6098:Afro-Asian Games
6018:
5961:
5939:Renewable energy
5904:Countries by HDI
5882:
5770:
5687:
5488:
5464:
5457:
5450:
5441:
5418:, July 3, 2012.
5410:Khalid Halhoul,
5355:
5337:
5268:
5249:
5222:
5220:
5201:
5182:
5180:
5179:
5159:Ecrans d'Afrique
5156:
5151:
5149:
5134:
5107:
5088:
5069:
5054:. East Lansing:
5046:
5041:(15 July 2008).
5034:
4997:
4992:
4990:
4970:
4968:
4966:
4950:
4948:
4946:
4939:africultures.com
4922:Cinema of Africa
4908:
4907:
4892:
4891:
4884:
4878:
4877:
4875:
4874:
4865:. Archived from
4859:
4853:
4852:
4844:
4838:
4837:
4829:
4823:
4822:
4814:
4808:
4807:
4806:. HyperAllergic.
4799:
4793:
4792:
4790:
4788:
4773:
4767:
4766:
4754:
4748:
4747:
4740:
4734:
4733:
4732:. Quartz Africa.
4725:
4719:
4718:
4706:
4700:
4694:
4688:
4687:
4685:
4683:
4660:
4654:
4648:
4642:
4636:
4630:
4629:
4627:
4626:
4592:
4586:
4585:
4577:
4571:
4570:
4562:
4556:
4555:
4547:
4541:
4540:
4532:
4526:
4525:
4523:
4522:
4507:
4501:
4500:
4498:
4497:
4483:
4477:
4476:
4474:
4473:
4459:
4453:
4452:
4445:
4439:
4438:
4436:
4435:
4420:
4414:
4413:
4411:
4410:
4394:
4388:
4387:
4385:
4384:
4375:. Archived from
4369:
4360:
4353:
4347:
4346:
4339:
4333:
4332:
4330:
4329:
4315:
4309:
4308:
4306:
4304:
4297:Contemporary And
4289:
4283:
4282:
4280:
4278:
4263:
4257:
4256:
4254:
4252:
4237:
4231:
4230:
4228:
4227:
4213:
4207:
4206:
4204:
4203:
4197:en.unifrance.org
4189:
4183:
4182:
4180:
4178:
4163:
4157:
4156:
4154:
4152:
4141:
4135:
4134:
4132:
4130:
4118:
4112:
4111:
4109:
4107:
4096:
4090:
4089:
4087:
4085:
4070:
4064:
4063:
4061:
4059:
4047:
4041:
4040:
4028:
4022:
4010:
4004:
4003:, June 14, 2007.
3993:
3987:
3986:
3984:
3982:
3967:
3961:
3954:
3948:
3935:Diawara (1992).
3933:
3927:
3926:
3924:
3923:
3917:maitres-fous.net
3909:
3903:
3896:
3890:
3883:Cine-Ethnography
3879:
3873:
3858:
3852:
3845:
3839:
3838:
3818:
3812:
3805:
3799:
3794:Diawara (1992),
3792:
3786:
3785:
3777:
3771:
3762:
3756:
3745:Diawara, Manthia
3742:
3736:
3735:
3699:
3693:
3692:
3690:
3688:
3677:
3671:
3670:
3668:
3667:
3661:Africa in Motion
3653:
3647:
3646:
3635:
3626:
3625:
3617:
3611:
3610:
3602:
3596:
3595:
3559:
3553:
3552:
3550:
3542:
3533:
3532:
3530:
3529:
3510:
3504:
3503:
3501:
3500:
3481:
3475:
3474:
3472:
3471:
3456:
3450:
3449:
3438:
3432:
3431:
3429:
3428:
3419:. Archived from
3413:
3407:
3406:
3404:
3402:
3391:
3385:
3384:
3377:
3371:
3370:
3350:
3344:
3343:
3311:
3305:
3304:
3302:
3301:
3286:
3280:
3273:
3246:
3199:Political cinema
3189:Nu Metro Cinemas
3151:
3146:
3141:
3140:
3139:
3132:
3127:
3126:
3125:
3057:Africa in Motion
2771:Caméra d'Afrique
2629:Anne Laure Folly
2575:Hussein Shariffe
2513:Moussa Sène Absa
2469:Thierno Faty Sow
2457:Ben Diogaye Bèye
2381:Lola Fani-Kayode
2331:Richard Pakleppa
2244:Souleymane Cissé
2163:: Robby Bresson,
2125:: David Achkar,
2020:, Ehab Mamdouh,
1974:Yousry Nasrallah
1829:Issa Serge Coelo
1787:Jean-Paul Ngassa
1771:Bassek Ba Kobhio
1750:Justine Bitagoye
1735:, Drissa Touré,
1649:Merzak Allouache
1622:Cinema of Zambia
1598:Cinema of Malawi
1572:
1556:Cinema of Uganda
1491:
1470:Cinema of Rwanda
1421:Cinema of Angola
1415:
1345:Cinema of Guinea
1314:
1268:
1247:qualitative data
1199:I am Not a Witch
1186:Mwansa The Great
1173:I am Not a Witch
1079:Gillo Pontecorvo
1069:20 years later.
1067:Anne-Laure Folly
1007:
992:
977:
962:
748:Katanga Province
687:Souleymane Cissé
507:Les maitres fous
447:Statues Also Die
350:
307:South Africans.
260:H. Rider Haggard
213:Voodoo Vengeance
59:covers both the
57:Cinema of Africa
8152:
8151:
8147:
8146:
8145:
8143:
8142:
8141:
8122:
8121:
8120:
8115:
8102:
8096:Film portal
8090:
8088:
8079:
8042:
8036:
7999:
7926:
7848:
7795:
7752:North Macedonia
7700:
7617:
7531:
7503:
7388:
7345:
7287:
7125:
7057:
7031:
6985:
6929:
6853:
6808:
6804:National cinema
6795:
6790:
6760:
6755:
6754:
6749:
6732:
6719:
6710:
6691:
6689:
6682:
6666:
6664:
6657:
6376:
6371:
6341:
6336:
6323:
6316:
6309:
6300:
6203:
6199:Youth in Africa
6177:Life expectancy
6132:
6074:
6050:Africanfuturism
6007:
5948:
5944:Stock exchanges
5867:
5755:
5714:Natural history
5672:
5636:
5593:
5542:Muslim conquest
5537:Bantu expansion
5477:
5468:
5424:Wayback Machine
5385:Wayback Machine
5373:Congo in Harlem
5363:
5358:
5352:
5339:
5334:
5321:
5276:Getino, Octavio
5265:
5252:
5238:
5225:
5218:
5213:
5198:
5185:
5177:
5175:
5164:
5147:
5145:
5137:
5123:
5110:
5104:
5091:
5085:
5072:
5066:
5049:
5045:. Africultures.
5039:Barlet, Olivier
5037:
5031:
5014:
4988:
4986:
4973:
4964:
4962:
4953:
4944:
4942:
4933:
4929:
4928:
4927:
4909:
4905:
4900:
4895:
4886:
4885:
4881:
4872:
4870:
4861:
4860:
4856:
4846:
4845:
4841:
4831:
4830:
4826:
4816:
4815:
4811:
4801:
4800:
4796:
4786:
4784:
4775:
4774:
4770:
4756:
4755:
4751:
4742:
4741:
4737:
4727:
4726:
4722:
4708:
4707:
4703:
4697:"Salem Mekuria"
4695:
4691:
4681:
4679:
4677:
4662:
4661:
4657:
4649:
4645:
4641:, pp. 7–9.
4637:
4633:
4624:
4622:
4612:
4594:
4593:
4589:
4579:
4578:
4574:
4564:
4563:
4559:
4554:. James Currey.
4549:
4548:
4544:
4534:
4533:
4529:
4520:
4518:
4509:
4508:
4504:
4495:
4493:
4485:
4484:
4480:
4471:
4469:
4461:
4460:
4456:
4447:
4446:
4442:
4433:
4431:
4422:
4421:
4417:
4408:
4406:
4396:
4395:
4391:
4382:
4380:
4371:
4370:
4363:
4354:
4350:
4341:
4340:
4336:
4327:
4325:
4317:
4316:
4312:
4302:
4300:
4291:
4290:
4286:
4276:
4274:
4265:
4264:
4260:
4250:
4248:
4239:
4238:
4234:
4225:
4223:
4215:
4214:
4210:
4201:
4199:
4191:
4190:
4186:
4176:
4174:
4165:
4164:
4160:
4150:
4148:
4143:
4142:
4138:
4128:
4126:
4120:
4119:
4115:
4105:
4103:
4102:. July 30, 2009
4098:
4097:
4093:
4083:
4081:
4072:
4071:
4067:
4057:
4055:
4049:
4048:
4044:
4030:
4029:
4025:
4020:Wayback Machine
4011:
4007:
3994:
3990:
3980:
3978:
3969:
3968:
3964:
3955:
3951:
3934:
3930:
3921:
3919:
3911:
3910:
3906:
3897:
3893:
3880:
3876:
3872:, pp. 7 and 32.
3859:
3855:
3846:
3842:
3835:
3820:
3819:
3815:
3806:
3802:
3793:
3789:
3779:
3778:
3774:
3763:
3759:
3743:
3739:
3701:
3700:
3696:
3686:
3684:
3679:
3678:
3674:
3665:
3663:
3655:
3654:
3650:
3637:
3636:
3629:
3619:
3618:
3614:
3604:
3603:
3599:
3561:
3560:
3556:
3548:
3544:
3543:
3536:
3527:
3525:
3524:on May 18, 2010
3518:The Independent
3512:
3511:
3507:
3498:
3496:
3483:
3482:
3478:
3469:
3467:
3458:
3457:
3453:
3440:
3439:
3435:
3426:
3424:
3415:
3414:
3410:
3400:
3398:
3393:
3392:
3388:
3379:
3378:
3374:
3367:
3352:
3351:
3347:
3313:
3312:
3308:
3299:
3297:
3288:
3287:
3283:
3274:
3267:
3263:
3240:
3235:
3142:
3137:
3135:
3128:
3123:
3121:
3118:
3090:
3053:
3043:
2874:
2869:
2863:
2854:
2807:Les Fespakistes
2775:Férid Boughedir
2751:
2746:
2654:Férid Boughedir
2642:Mehdi Ben Attia
2614:, Nana Mahomo,
2596:Oliver Hermanus
2559:Amjad Abu Alala
2509:Ousmane Sembène
2501:Moustapha Ndoye
2432:Januário Afonso
2423:Kivu Ruhorahoza
2306:Rogério Manjate
2298:Camilo de Sousa
2294:Sol de Carvalho
2286:Licínio Azevedo
2252:Manthia Diawara
2215:Lova Nantenaina
2207:Alexander Abela
2181:Gilbert Lukalia
2083:, Jim Awindor,
1970:Youssef Chahine
1941:Guy Kabeya Muya
1877:, Jacques Trabi
1799:Jean-Marie Teno
1737:Apolline Traoré
1661:Karim Moussaoui
1640:
1635:
1569:
1567:Southern Africa
1564:
1546:Cinema of Sudan
1517:Cinema of Kenya
1488:
1483:
1460:Cinema of Gabon
1412:
1407:
1379:Cinema of Niger
1340:Cinema of Ghana
1320:Cinema of Benin
1311:
1306:
1284:Cinema of Libya
1279:Cinema of Egypt
1265:
1260:
1235:
1226:
1208:
1188:(2011, short),
1184:(2009, short),
1158:, Kahiu's film
1014:
1008:
999:
993:
984:
978:
969:
963:
954:
952:Women directors
931:oral literature
920:Ousmane Sembène
912:Ousmane Sembène
884:
868:
832:Africanfuturism
788:, Paris in 2016
775:
773:2000s and 2010s
717:Nigerian cinema
707:Quartier Mozart
668:
666:1980s and 1990s
646:(OAU), now the
596:Sembène Ousmane
588:Youssef Chahine
549:
539:, and others).
524:Ousmane Sembene
368:French colonies
344:
338:Josephine Baker
328:Voyage au Congo
316:Voyage au Congo
285:De Voortrekkers
204:
194:
189:
159:Youssef Chahine
147:. In 1935, the
85:cinema of Egypt
38:Youssef Chahine
12:
11:
5:
8150:
8148:
8140:
8139:
8134:
8124:
8123:
8117:
8116:
8114:
8113:
8099:
8084:
8081:
8080:
8078:
8077:
8072:
8067:
8065:Kurdish cinema
8062:
8057:
8055:Balochi cinema
8052:
8046:
8044:
8038:
8037:
8035:
8034:
8029:
8024:
8019:
8013:
8011:
8005:
8004:
8001:
8000:
7998:
7997:
7992:
7987:
7982:
7972:
7967:
7962:
7957:
7952:
7947:
7942:
7936:
7934:
7928:
7927:
7925:
7924:
7923:
7922:
7912:
7907:
7902:
7897:
7892:
7887:
7882:
7881:
7880:
7869:
7867:
7858:
7854:
7853:
7850:
7849:
7847:
7846:
7841:
7836:
7831:
7830:
7829:
7819:
7814:
7809:
7803:
7801:
7797:
7796:
7794:
7793:
7792:
7791:
7786:
7776:
7771:
7770:
7769:
7759:
7754:
7749:
7744:
7739:
7734:
7729:
7724:
7719:
7714:
7708:
7706:
7702:
7701:
7699:
7698:
7697:
7696:
7691:
7686:
7679:United Kingdom
7676:
7671:
7666:
7661:
7656:
7651:
7646:
7641:
7636:
7631:
7625:
7623:
7619:
7618:
7616:
7615:
7610:
7605:
7604:
7603:
7598:
7596:Russian Empire
7588:
7583:
7578:
7573:
7568:
7566:Czech Republic
7563:
7558:
7552:
7550:
7543:
7537:
7536:
7533:
7532:
7530:
7529:
7528:
7527:
7522:
7520:Russian Empire
7511:
7509:
7505:
7504:
7502:
7501:
7496:
7491:
7486:
7481:
7476:
7471:
7466:
7461:
7456:
7451:
7446:
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7434:
7429:
7424:
7419:
7414:
7409:
7404:
7398:
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7390:
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7386:
7381:
7376:
7371:
7366:
7361:
7355:
7353:
7347:
7346:
7344:
7343:
7338:
7333:
7328:
7323:
7318:
7313:
7308:
7303:
7297:
7295:
7289:
7288:
7286:
7285:
7280:
7279:
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7268:
7263:
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7251:
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7216:
7211:
7206:
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7196:
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7135:
7133:
7127:
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7118:
7113:
7112:
7111:
7106:
7096:
7091:
7086:
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7069:
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7062:
7059:
7058:
7056:
7055:
7050:
7045:
7039:
7037:
7033:
7032:
7030:
7029:
7024:
7019:
7014:
7009:
7004:
6999:
6993:
6991:
6987:
6986:
6984:
6983:
6978:
6973:
6968:
6963:
6958:
6953:
6948:
6943:
6937:
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6928:
6927:
6922:
6917:
6912:
6907:
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6897:
6892:
6887:
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6861:
6859:
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6854:
6852:
6851:
6846:
6841:
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6831:
6825:
6823:
6816:
6810:
6809:
6807:
6806:
6800:
6797:
6796:
6791:
6789:
6788:
6781:
6774:
6766:
6757:
6756:
6753:
6752:
6735:
6722:
6713:
6699:Canary Islands
6695:
6694:
6692:
6687:
6684:
6683:
6681:
6680:
6675:
6669:
6667:
6662:
6659:
6658:
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6655:
6650:
6645:
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6605:
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6377:
6372:
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6369:
6362:
6355:
6347:
6338:
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6335:
6334:
6329:
6322:
6321:
6314:
6306:
6305:
6302:
6301:
6299:
6298:
6293:
6288:
6283:
6278:
6273:
6268:
6263:
6258:
6253:
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6238:
6233:
6228:
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6215:
6209:
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6189:
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6164:
6159:
6158:
6157:
6146:
6144:
6138:
6137:
6134:
6133:
6131:
6130:
6128:Tour d'Afrique
6125:
6120:
6115:
6110:
6105:
6100:
6095:
6090:
6084:
6082:
6076:
6075:
6073:
6072:
6067:
6062:
6057:
6052:
6047:
6042:
6037:
6032:
6027:
6021:
6015:
6009:
6008:
6006:
6005:
6000:
5995:
5990:
5985:
5983:Climate change
5980:
5975:
5970:
5964:
5958:
5954:
5953:
5950:
5949:
5947:
5946:
5941:
5936:
5931:
5926:
5921:
5919:Infrastructure
5916:
5911:
5906:
5901:
5896:
5891:
5885:
5879:
5873:
5872:
5869:
5868:
5866:
5865:
5860:
5859:
5858:
5848:
5846:Pan-Africanism
5843:
5838:
5833:
5832:
5831:
5830:
5829:
5822:Women's rights
5819:
5814:
5809:
5799:
5797:Heads of state
5794:
5789:
5784:
5779:
5773:
5767:
5761:
5760:
5757:
5756:
5754:
5753:
5748:
5747:
5746:
5741:
5736:
5731:
5726:
5716:
5711:
5706:
5704:Impact craters
5701:
5699:Highest points
5696:
5690:
5684:
5678:
5677:
5674:
5673:
5671:
5670:
5665:
5660:
5655:
5650:
5644:
5642:
5638:
5637:
5635:
5634:
5629:
5628:
5627:
5617:
5615:Historiography
5612:
5607:
5601:
5599:
5595:
5594:
5592:
5591:
5589:Decolonisation
5586:
5581:
5580:
5579:
5574:
5569:
5564:
5554:
5549:
5544:
5539:
5534:
5529:
5528:
5527:
5522:
5512:
5507:
5506:
5505:
5494:
5492:
5485:
5479:
5478:
5469:
5467:
5466:
5459:
5452:
5444:
5438:
5437:
5431:
5426:
5408:
5403:
5398:
5392:
5387:
5375:
5370:
5362:
5361:External links
5359:
5357:
5356:
5351:978-0520077478
5350:
5333:978-0520077478
5332:
5319:
5305:
5287:
5269:
5263:
5250:
5236:
5223:
5211:
5203:
5202:
5196:
5183:
5162:
5135:
5121:
5108:
5103:978-0231147545
5102:
5089:
5083:
5070:
5065:978-1611862119
5064:
5047:
5035:
5030:978-1856497428
5029:
5012:
4998:
4971:
4951:
4930:
4910:
4903:
4902:
4901:
4899:
4896:
4894:
4893:
4879:
4854:
4839:
4824:
4819:New York Times
4809:
4794:
4768:
4749:
4735:
4720:
4701:
4689:
4675:
4655:
4643:
4631:
4610:
4587:
4572:
4557:
4542:
4527:
4502:
4478:
4454:
4440:
4415:
4389:
4361:
4348:
4334:
4310:
4284:
4258:
4232:
4208:
4184:
4172:Slant Magazine
4158:
4136:
4113:
4091:
4065:
4042:
4023:
4005:
3988:
3962:
3949:
3947:, pp. 310–337.
3937:African Cinema
3928:
3904:
3891:
3874:
3853:
3840:
3834:978-0195334739
3833:
3813:
3800:
3796:African Cinema
3787:
3772:
3757:
3737:
3694:
3672:
3648:
3627:
3612:
3597:
3570:(2): 239–249.
3554:
3534:
3505:
3476:
3451:
3448:on 2012-08-03.
3433:
3408:
3386:
3372:
3365:
3345:
3306:
3289:Houissa, Ali.
3281:
3264:
3262:
3259:
3257:, UNESCO.
3239:
3236:
3232:
3231:
3230:
3229:
3224:
3219:
3213:
3212:, South Africa
3207:
3201:
3194:
3193:
3192:
3191:, South Africa
3186:
3181:
3176:
3171:
3165:
3159:
3149:
3148:
3147:
3133:
3117:
3114:
3113:
3112:
3109:
3103:
3100:
3094:
3089:
3086:
3085:
3084:
3074:
3064:
3052:
3049:
3048:
3047:
3042:
3039:
3038:
3037:
3031:
3021:
3015:
3009:
3003:
2993:
2990:
2984:
2978:
2968:
2958:
2953:
2943:
2938:
2935:
2925:
2918:
2908:
2895:
2885:
2873:
2870:
2862:
2861:Film festivals
2859:
2853:
2850:
2849:
2848:
2836:
2822:
2810:
2804:
2792:
2778:
2750:
2747:
2745:
2744:
2719:
2710:
2699:Mariam Ndagire
2691:Caroline Kamya
2680:
2678:Moufida Tlatli
2666:Khaled Ghorbal
2631:
2622:
2620:Lionel Ngakane
2592:Nosipho Dumisa
2588:Neill Blomkamp
2581:
2567:Gadalla Gubara
2552:
2542:Abdisalam Aato
2535:
2517:Blaise Senghor
2453:Moussa Bathily
2442:
2425:
2412:
2411:, Eddie Ugboma
2405:Zina Saro-Wiwa
2371:, Jide Bello,
2361:Kunle Afolayan
2346:
2333:
2316:
2310:Isabel Noronha
2302:Mickey Fonseca
2275:
2273:Sidney Sokhona
2258:
2233:
2227:Benoît Ramampy
2200:
2191:
2158:
2156:Sana Na N'Hada
2145:
2135:Cheik Doukouré
2131:Mohamed Camara
2120:
2109:Nii Kwate Owoo
2062:
2060:Charles Mensah
2041:
2024:
2022:Sandra Nashaat
2010:Tarek Al Eryan
2002:Khairy Beshara
1986:Khaled Youssef
1968:, Adel Adeeb,
1966:Salah Abu Seif
1959:
1949:Ne Kunda Nlaba
1945:Mwezé Ngangura
1933:Albert Mongita
1921:Joseph Kumbela
1917:Kiripi Katembo
1905:Claude Haffner
1878:
1844:
1835:
1822:
1805:
1760:
1754:Eddy Munyaneza
1743:
1733:Pierre Rouamba
1713:Valérie Kaboré
1702:
1689:
1676:
1663:
1653:Malek Bensmaïl
1641:
1639:
1636:
1632:
1631:
1630:
1629:
1624:
1619:
1614:
1609:
1602:
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1600:
1595:
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1533:
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1519:
1514:
1509:
1504:
1499:
1489:
1487:
1484:
1480:
1479:
1478:
1477:
1472:
1467:
1462:
1457:
1450:
1449:
1448:
1443:
1441:Cinema of Chad
1438:
1433:
1428:
1423:
1413:
1411:
1410:Central Africa
1408:
1404:
1403:
1402:
1401:
1399:Cinema of Togo
1396:
1391:
1386:
1381:
1376:
1371:
1369:Cinema of Mali
1366:
1359:
1358:
1357:
1352:
1347:
1342:
1337:
1332:
1327:
1322:
1312:
1310:
1307:
1303:
1302:
1301:
1300:
1295:
1288:
1287:
1286:
1281:
1276:
1266:
1264:
1261:
1259:
1256:
1234:
1231:
1225:
1222:
1207:
1204:
1194:Nordic Factory
1155:From a Whisper
1144:From a Whisper
1042:shot her film
1031:Sarah Maldoror
1016:
1015:
1009:
1002:
1000:
994:
987:
985:
979:
972:
970:
964:
957:
953:
950:
946:Bertolt Brecht
883:
880:
867:
864:
852:'s short film
840:Neill Blomkamp
774:
771:
761:took place in
667:
664:
610:Prix Jean Vigo
602:also known as
600:La Noire de...
571:Salah Zulfikar
548:
545:
376:Albert Mongita
314:'s first film,
279:dramatic film
251:adventure film
193:
190:
188:
185:
129:Haydée Tamzali
46:Salah Zulfikar
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
8149:
8138:
8135:
8133:
8130:
8129:
8127:
8112:
8111:
8106:
8100:
8098:
8097:
8086:
8085:
8082:
8076:
8073:
8071:
8070:Latin America
8068:
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8063:
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8056:
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7938:
7937:
7935:
7933:
7929:
7921:
7918:
7917:
7916:
7915:United States
7913:
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7908:
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7903:
7901:
7898:
7896:
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7891:
7888:
7886:
7883:
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7753:
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7709:
7707:
7703:
7695:
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7685:
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7681:
7680:
7677:
7675:
7672:
7670:
7667:
7665:
7662:
7660:
7657:
7655:
7652:
7650:
7647:
7645:
7642:
7640:
7639:Faroe Islands
7637:
7635:
7632:
7630:
7627:
7626:
7624:
7620:
7614:
7611:
7609:
7606:
7602:
7599:
7597:
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7592:
7589:
7587:
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7518:
7517:
7516:
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7510:
7506:
7500:
7497:
7495:
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7487:
7485:
7482:
7480:
7477:
7475:
7472:
7470:
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7462:
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7457:
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7367:
7365:
7362:
7360:
7357:
7356:
7354:
7352:
7348:
7342:
7339:
7337:
7334:
7332:
7329:
7327:
7324:
7322:
7319:
7317:
7314:
7312:
7309:
7307:
7304:
7302:
7299:
7298:
7296:
7294:
7290:
7284:
7281:
7277:
7274:
7273:
7272:
7269:
7267:
7264:
7260:
7257:
7255:
7252:
7250:
7247:
7245:
7242:
7240:
7237:
7235:
7232:
7230:
7227:
7225:
7222:
7220:
7217:
7215:
7212:
7210:
7207:
7205:
7202:
7200:
7197:
7195:
7192:
7190:
7187:
7185:
7182:
7180:
7177:
7175:
7172:
7170:
7169:Chhattisgarhi
7167:
7165:
7162:
7160:
7157:
7155:
7152:
7151:
7150:
7147:
7145:
7142:
7140:
7137:
7136:
7134:
7132:
7128:
7122:
7119:
7117:
7114:
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7000:
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6992:
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6959:
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6891:
6888:
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6708:
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6696:
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6685:
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6674:
6671:
6670:
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6654:
6651:
6649:
6646:
6644:
6641:
6639:
6636:
6634:
6631:
6629:
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4467:rungano nyoni
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4405:on 2018-10-28
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1028:
1026:
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986:
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923:
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904:
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865:
863:
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851:
847:
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841:
837:
833:
829:
826:
824:
819:
815:
814:
809:
804:
798:
797:Menna Shalabi
794:
787:
783:
779:
772:
770:
768:
764:
760:
755:
753:
749:
745:
741:
737:
732:
730:
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722:
718:
714:
712:
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704:
703:
698:
694:
693:
688:
681:
677:
676:Cines del Sur
672:
665:
663:
661:
660:
655:
651:
649:
648:African Union
645:
641:
636:
634:
630:
626:
622:
617:
615:
611:
607:
606:
601:
597:
589:
585:
584:
580:
579:Egyptian film
576:
572:
568:
561:
558:developed by
557:
553:
546:
544:
540:
538:
534:
530:
529:Oumarou Ganda
525:
521:
520:
515:
514:
509:
508:
503:
499:
491:
490:
484:
480:
478:
474:
473:Côte d'Ivoire
470:
466:
465:
460:
459:Alain Resnais
456:
452:
448:
443:
441:
437:
433:
428:
425:
421:
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415:
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406:
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369:
361:
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348:
343:
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335:
334:
329:
325:
321:
317:
313:
312:Marc Allégret
308:
306:
302:
298:
294:
290:
286:
282:
278:
277:South African
273:
269:
267:
266:
261:
257:
256:
252:
248:
244:
236:
235:
230:
229:Bishara Wakim
226:
222:
220:
219:
214:
210:
203:
199:
198:Annees folles
191:
186:
184:
182:
177:
172:
170:
166:
165:
164:Cairo Station
160:
156:
155:
150:
146:
142:
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136:
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130:
126:
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118:
114:
110:
106:
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98:
94:
90:
86:
81:
79:
75:
74:North African
70:
66:
62:
58:
51:
47:
43:
39:
35:
34:
29:
25:
20:
16:
8101:
8087:
8075:Soviet Union
7827:German Turks
7601:Soviet Union
7525:Soviet Union
7479:Saudi Arabia
7379:Turkmenistan
7293:Southeastern
7053:South Africa
6946:Burkina Faso
6813:
6793:World cinema
6738:Saint Helena
6709:
6613:South Africa
6603:Sierra Leone
6408:Burkina Faso
6373:
6182:Urbanization
6142:Demographics
6118:Rugby Africa
6034:
6025:Architecture
5909:Billionaires
5802:Human rights
5572:Indian Ocean
5503:North Africa
5415:
5341:
5323:
5308:
5290:
5283:
5280:Bill Nichols
5254:
5227:
5207:
5187:
5176:. Retrieved
5170:
5153:
5146:. Retrieved
5143:africine.org
5142:
5112:
5093:
5074:
5051:
5016:
5001:
5000:Armes, Roy:
4994:
4987:. Retrieved
4979:africine.org
4978:
4963:. Retrieved
4958:
4943:. Retrieved
4938:
4920:
4919:
4918:profile for
4915:
4898:Bibliography
4882:
4871:. Retrieved
4867:the original
4857:
4848:
4842:
4833:
4827:
4818:
4812:
4797:
4785:. Retrieved
4781:the original
4771:
4762:
4752:
4738:
4723:
4714:
4704:
4692:
4680:. Retrieved
4665:
4658:
4646:
4634:
4623:. Retrieved
4600:
4590:
4581:
4575:
4566:
4560:
4551:
4545:
4539:. Routledge.
4536:
4530:
4519:. Retrieved
4515:
4505:
4494:. Retrieved
4490:
4481:
4470:. Retrieved
4466:
4457:
4443:
4432:. Retrieved
4430:. 2019-04-12
4428:The Guardian
4427:
4418:
4407:. Retrieved
4403:the original
4392:
4381:. Retrieved
4377:the original
4356:
4351:
4337:
4326:. Retrieved
4322:
4313:
4301:. Retrieved
4296:
4287:
4275:. Retrieved
4271:
4261:
4249:. Retrieved
4246:The Guardian
4245:
4235:
4224:. Retrieved
4220:
4211:
4200:. Retrieved
4196:
4187:
4175:. Retrieved
4171:
4161:
4149:. Retrieved
4139:
4127:. Retrieved
4116:
4104:. Retrieved
4094:
4082:. Retrieved
4079:The Guardian
4078:
4068:
4056:. Retrieved
4045:
4037:QuartzAfrica
4036:
4026:
4008:
4000:
3991:
3979:. Retrieved
3975:
3965:
3957:
3952:
3940:
3936:
3931:
3920:. Retrieved
3916:
3907:
3899:
3894:
3886:
3882:
3877:
3861:
3856:
3848:
3843:
3823:
3816:
3808:
3803:
3795:
3790:
3775:
3765:
3760:
3755:, pp. 22–23.
3748:
3740:
3707:
3704:Black Camera
3703:
3697:
3685:. Retrieved
3675:
3664:. Retrieved
3660:
3651:
3643:the original
3621:
3615:
3606:
3600:
3567:
3563:
3557:
3551:. July 2017.
3526:. Retrieved
3522:the original
3517:
3508:
3497:. Retrieved
3493:the original
3488:
3479:
3468:. Retrieved
3463:
3454:
3446:the original
3436:
3425:. Retrieved
3421:the original
3411:
3399:. Retrieved
3389:
3375:
3355:
3348:
3326:(1): 53–75.
3323:
3319:
3309:
3298:. Retrieved
3294:
3284:
3276:
3253:
3249:free content
3241:
3227:World cinema
3216:Third Cinema
3210:Ster-Kinekor
2855:
2843:, Director:
2838:
2829:Filipa César
2827:, Director:
2824:
2817:, Director:
2812:
2806:
2799:, Director:
2794:
2783:, Director:
2780:
2773:, Director:
2770:
2759:Johannesburg
2742:Jordan Riber
2721:
2712:
2682:
2670:Nacer Khémir
2662:Nouri Bouzid
2658:Leyla Bouzid
2633:
2624:
2584:South Africa
2583:
2554:
2550:Idil Ibrahim
2537:
2529:Moussa Touré
2444:
2436:Katya Aragão
2427:
2414:
2409:Yemi Shodimu
2389:Tunde Kelani
2377:Obi Emelonye
2369:Biyi Bandele
2357:Kemi Adetiba
2353:Femi Adebayo
2348:
2335:
2323:Joel Haikali
2318:
2277:
2260:
2235:
2202:
2193:
2177:Judy Kibinge
2169:Wanuri Kahiu
2160:
2147:
2122:
2097:Kuukua Eshun
2093:Leila Djansi
2089:Akosua Busia
2064:
2043:
2031:Haile Gerima
2026:
2006:Ashraf Fahmy
1994:Mohamed Khan
1990:Marwan Hamed
1982:Sherif Arafa
1961:
1925:Laura Kutika
1880:
1867:Desiré Ecaré
1863:Henri Duparc
1859:Akissi Delta
1846:
1837:
1824:
1807:
1762:
1758:Léonce Ngabo
1745:
1717:Dani Kouyaté
1705:Burkina Faso
1704:
1691:
1687:Jean Odoutan
1678:
1674:Miguel Hurst
1665:
1644:
1263:North Africa
1252:
1243:quantitative
1236:
1227:
1216:
1213:"Black Girl"
1212:
1209:
1197:
1193:
1189:
1185:
1181:
1171:
1166:
1159:
1153:
1142:
1139:Wanuri Kahiu
1137:
1122:
1115:Kemi Adetiba
1113:
1104:
1094:
1089:
1083:
1062:Les Oubliées
1060:
1043:
1029:
1017:
996:Wanuri Kahiu
966:Kemi Adetiba
924:
917:
914:(1923-2007).
901:Third Cinema
885:
871:
869:
860:
853:
850:Wanuri Kahiu
843:
836:Afrofuturism
830:
821:
811:
805:
802:
786:César Awards
763:South Africa
756:
739:
733:
729:West African
715:
706:
700:
690:
685:
657:
652:
637:
625:Burkina Faso
618:
603:
599:
593:
581:
555:
541:
517:
513:Moi, un noir
511:
505:
501:
495:
487:
477:Burkina Faso
469:René Vautier
462:
455:Chris Marker
450:
444:
429:
422:
417:
403:
383:
379:
372:Laval Decree
365:
360:Bahiga Hafez
331:
327:
315:
309:
274:
270:
263:
253:
240:
232:
216:
212:
208:
205:
192:Colonial era
173:
162:
152:
138:
132:
82:
56:
55:
44:as Saladin,
42:Ahmed Mazhar
31:
15:
8060:Middle East
8027:New Zealand
7920:Puerto Rico
7844:Switzerland
7839:Netherlands
7359:Afghanistan
7326:Philippines
6900:South Sudan
6665:recognition
6618:South Sudan
6508:Ivory Coast
6192:urban areas
6113:FIBA Africa
5812:LGBT rights
5510:Archaeology
5208:CinémAction
5172:Utne Reader
5157:. See also
4787:October 28,
4397:G. Cahill.
4251:December 4,
4177:December 4,
4151:October 28,
4129:October 28,
4106:October 28,
4084:October 28,
4058:October 28,
3981:October 28,
3943:, Chicago:
3767:Utne Reader
3687:October 18,
3184:Negrophilia
3144:Film portal
2616:Zola Maseko
2571:Hajooj Kuka
2485:Alain Gomis
2419:Eric Kabera
2393:Tade Ogidan
2373:Chico Ejiro
2365:Ola Balogun
2256:Adama Drabo
2189:Anne Mungai
2185:Jane Munene
2152:Flora Gomes
2117:Tom Ribeiro
2113:Kwesi Owusu
2105:Chris Hesse
1812:Lolo Arziki
1725:Sanou Kollo
1670:Zézé Gamboa
1486:East Africa
1309:West Africa
1119:music video
1058:documentary
1050:1961–74 war
1011:Hala Khalil
942:Cinema Novo
896:neocolonial
752:Brazzaville
623:in today's
516:(1958) and
345: [
342:Revue Nègre
336:, starring
320:Masa people
215:(1913) and
161:'s seminal
149:Studio Misr
109:Susa, Libya
78:sub-Saharan
69:audiovisual
52:and others.
50:Nadia Lutfi
8126:Categories
8050:Arab World
7885:Costa Rica
7834:Luxembourg
7767:Yugoslavia
7747:Montenegro
7407:Azerbaijan
7384:Uzbekistan
7374:Tajikistan
7369:Kyrgyzstan
7364:Kazakhstan
7239:Rajasthani
7139:Bangladesh
6951:Cape Verde
6885:Madagascar
6720:(Portugal)
6678:Somaliland
6598:Seychelles
6563:Mozambique
6548:Mauritania
6533:Madagascar
6488:The Gambia
6423:Cape Verde
6162:Emigration
6065:Philosophy
6045:Literature
5491:Chronology
5178:2014-04-12
4873:2020-02-18
4682:13 October
4625:2024-03-21
4620:1346154769
4521:2021-06-01
4496:2021-06-01
4472:2021-06-01
4434:2021-06-01
4409:2018-10-28
4383:2019-05-08
4328:2021-06-01
4303:4 December
4277:4 December
4226:2018-12-04
4202:2018-12-04
3960:, pp. 1–6.
3922:2021-10-12
3666:2023-06-12
3528:2010-11-24
3499:2023-10-25
3470:2023-10-25
3464:afriff.com
3427:2017-10-06
3401:14 October
3300:2023-12-18
3261:References
3204:Somaliwood
3059:, held in
2902:Alexandria
2880:(AFRIFF),
2865:See also:
2825:Spell Reel
2638:Raja Amari
2604:Gavin Hood
2579:Marwa Zein
2481:Dyana Gaye
2449:Tidiane Aw
2401:Izu Ojukwu
2385:Amaka Igwe
2314:Lara Sousa
2278:Mozambique
2261:Mauritania
2203:Madagascar
2165:Jim Chuchu
2143:Mama Keïta
2085:Yaba Badoe
2081:Kwaw Ansah
2077:King Ampaw
1816:Leão Lopes
1808:Cape Verde
1657:Nina Khada
1105:Le Divorce
1092:in Kenya.
1048:about the
1045:Sambizanga
1035:Guadeloupe
845:District 9
744:South Kivu
605:Black Girl
575:Soad Hosny
498:Jean Rouch
464:Afrique 50
324:André Gide
293:Great Trek
249:, and the
218:Congorilla
196:See also:
145:Aziza Amir
113:Hammam-Lif
97:Alexandria
8017:Australia
7995:Venezuela
7940:Argentina
7784:Catalonia
7664:Lithuania
7469:Palestine
7331:Singapore
7311:Indonesia
7283:Sri Lanka
7276:Lollywood
7214:Malayalam
7089:Hong Kong
6890:Mauritius
6553:Mauritius
5998:Languages
5988:Etiquette
5914:Education
5787:Democracy
5782:Elections
5682:Geography
5641:By region
5625:conflicts
5498:Antiquity
5317:1754-9221
5246:792684913
5131:277136408
5021:Zed Books
4651:Biography
4491:Pebble.dk
4054:. Fortune
3732:143881053
3332:0271-3519
3179:Négritude
3170:, Morocco
3164:, Nigeria
3061:Edinburgh
2977:, Tunisia
2973:(FIFAK),
2894:, Nigeria
2884:, Nigeria
2687:Matt Bish
2473:Safi Faye
2397:Iyabo Ojo
2265:Med Hondo
1129:Nollywood
1095:In 2008,
1084:In 1995,
1020:Safi Faye
981:Safi Faye
939:Brazilian
725:Nollywood
654:Med Hondo
533:Safi Faye
384:Mouramani
378:did make
297:Afrikaner
262:'s novel
221:(1932).
211:in 1909,
202:Negritude
169:Arab film
119:in 1896.
40:starring
7985:Suriname
7970:Paraguay
7960:Colombia
7857:Americas
7774:Slovenia
7757:Portugal
7705:Southern
7689:Scotland
7622:Northern
7608:Slovakia
7561:Bulgaria
7508:Northern
7336:Thailand
7321:Malaysia
7306:Cambodia
7271:Pakistan
7244:Sanskrit
7204:Kashmiri
7189:Haryanvi
7184:Gujarati
7164:Bhojpuri
7154:Assamese
7131:Southern
7116:Mongolia
7043:Botswana
7036:Southern
7017:Congo DR
7002:Cameroon
6925:Zimbabwe
6910:Tanzania
6875:Ethiopia
6865:Djibouti
6822:Northern
6744: /
6740: /
6733:(France)
6727: /
6705: /
6701: /
6653:Zimbabwe
6628:Tanzania
6478:Ethiopia
6473:Eswatini
6453:Djibouti
6418:Cameroon
6403:Botswana
6327:Category
6172:HIV/AIDS
6003:Religion
5968:Abortion
5924:Internet
5851:Politics
5827:feminism
5765:Politics
5620:Military
5598:By topic
5562:Atlantic
5525:Sahelian
5475:articles
5420:Archived
5381:Archived
5297:, 2010,
4717:: 68–94.
4016:Archived
3798:, p. 23.
3747:(1992).
3592:55143264
3340:41857918
3116:See also
3071:Lausanne
2965:El Gouna
2948:(CIFF),
2917:, Uganda
2814:Sembene!
2789:Kinshasa
2761:with an
2722:Zimbabwe
2027:Ethiopia
1763:Cameroon
1692:Botswana
1217:"Yeelen"
1182:The List
1101:Gabonese
1071:Maldoror
1040:Maldoror
820:'s film
810:'s film
757:A first
736:Kinshasa
659:Soleil O
629:Carthago
510:(1955),
504:(1955),
268:(1885).
154:The Will
87:and the
8009:Oceania
7990:Uruguay
7979:Iquitos
7965:Ecuador
7945:Bolivia
7905:Jamaica
7822:Germany
7812:Belgium
7807:Austria
7800:Western
7789:Galicia
7722:Croatia
7712:Albania
7654:Ireland
7649:Iceland
7644:Finland
7634:Estonia
7629:Denmark
7613:Ukraine
7586:Romania
7576:Moldova
7571:Hungary
7556:Belarus
7549:Eastern
7459:Lebanon
7422:Georgia
7412:Bahrain
7402:Armenia
7394:Western
7351:Central
7341:Vietnam
7234:Punjabi
7224:Marathi
7209:Konkani
7199:Kannada
7174:Deccani
7159:Bengali
7076:Eastern
7048:Namibia
6990:Central
6976:Senegal
6971:Nigeria
6961:Liberia
6934:Western
6895:Somalia
6870:Eritrea
6858:Eastern
6849:Tunisia
6844:Morocco
6829:Algeria
6729:Réunion
6725:Mayotte
6716:Madeira
6711:(Spain)
6707:Melilla
6638:Tunisia
6608:Somalia
6593:Senegal
6578:Nigeria
6568:Namibia
6558:Morocco
6523:Liberia
6518:Lesotho
6468:Eritrea
6438:Comoros
6413:Burundi
6388:Algeria
6311:Outline
6213:By year
6155:density
6040:Cuisine
6013:Culture
5957:Society
5934:Poverty
5877:Economy
5856:parties
5724:Central
5719:Regions
5709:Islands
5648:Central
5610:Empires
5605:Economy
5567:Barbary
5557:Slavery
5520:Empires
5483:History
5282:(ed.),
4912:Scholia
4763:Broadly
4516:Variety
4463:"films"
4013:FEPACI.
3976:Vulture
3889:(2010).
3584:1771833
3238:Sources
3028:Sahrawi
3002:, Egypt
2975:Kélibia
2967:, Egypt
2963:(GFF),
2952:, Egypt
2934:, Egypt
2924:, Ghana
2915:Kampala
2892:Yenagoa
2634:Tunisia
2538:Somalia
2445:Senegal
2349:Nigeria
2319:Namibia
2194:Lesotho
1838:Comoros
1746:Burundi
1645:Algeria
1133:Nigeria
1025:Mossane
682:, 2009.
680:Granada
633:Tunisia
621:FESPACO
614:Senegal
577:in the
396:Senegal
366:In the
305:British
187:History
183:(GDP).
117:Tunisia
61:history
28:Tunisia
7950:Brazil
7910:Mexico
7878:Quebec
7873:Canada
7817:France
7762:Serbia
7737:Kosovo
7727:Greece
7674:Sweden
7669:Norway
7659:Latvia
7591:Russia
7581:Poland
7541:Europe
7515:Russia
7489:Turkey
7454:Kuwait
7449:Jordan
7442:Jewish
7437:Israel
7417:Cyprus
7254:Telugu
7219:Meitei
7144:Bhutan
7121:Taiwan
6997:Angola
6920:Zambia
6915:Uganda
6814:Africa
6748:
6731:
6718:
6648:Zambia
6643:Uganda
6583:Rwanda
6538:Malawi
6498:Guinea
6393:Angola
6332:Portal
6187:cities
6035:Cinema
5993:Health
5751:Rivers
5473:
5471:Africa
5348:
5330:
5315:
5301:
5261:
5244:
5234:
5194:
5148:1 June
5129:
5119:
5100:
5081:
5062:
5027:
5008:
4989:1 June
4985:. 2023
4965:1 June
4945:1 June
4914:has a
4673:
4618:
4608:
4299:. 2018
3868:
3831:
3730:
3722:
3590:
3582:
3489:un.org
3363:
3338:
3330:
3051:Europe
3036:(ZIFF)
2872:Africa
2847:, 2007
2791:, 2016
2765:(2010)
2713:Zambia
2683:Uganda
2415:Rwanda
2123:Guinea
1893:Baloji
1666:Angola
1239:UNESCO
1190:Listen
1178:London
1161:Rafiki
1054:Angola
882:Themes
702:Guimba
692:Yeelen
590:(1972)
562:(1968)
502:Jaguar
492:(1963)
414:France
333:Zouzou
303:) and
243:Tarzan
237:(1923)
125:casino
65:making
8032:Samoa
7955:Chile
7932:South
7900:Haiti
7865:North
7779:Spain
7742:Malta
7732:Italy
7694:Wales
7499:Yemen
7484:Syria
7474:Qatar
7301:Burma
7266:Nepal
7249:Tamil
7229:Oriya
7194:Hindi
7179:Dogri
7149:India
7109:South
7104:North
7099:Korea
7094:Japan
7084:China
7022:Gabon
6966:Niger
6956:Ghana
6941:Benin
6905:Sudan
6880:Kenya
6839:Libya
6834:Egypt
6703:Ceuta
6623:Sudan
6573:Niger
6528:Libya
6513:Kenya
6493:Ghana
6483:Gabon
6458:Egypt
6398:Benin
6318:Index
6080:Sport
6060:Music
6055:Media
5739:South
5734:North
5663:South
5658:North
5219:(PDF)
4916:topic
3728:S2CID
3720:JSTOR
3588:S2CID
3580:JSTOR
3549:(PDF)
3336:JSTOR
3079:, in
3069:, in
3000:Luxor
2950:Cairo
2932:Aswan
2922:Kasoa
2906:Egypt
2882:Lagos
2555:Sudan
2336:Niger
2161:Kenya
2065:Ghana
2044:Gabon
1962:Egypt
1849::
1679:Benin
927:griot
866:2020s
855:Pumzi
721:1990s
678:" in
453:) by
436:Bantu
400:Paris
392:Benin
349:]
140:Laila
105:Tunis
101:Cairo
24:Tunis
8022:Fiji
7975:Peru
7890:Cuba
7464:Oman
7432:Iraq
7427:Iran
7316:Laos
7259:Tulu
7067:Asia
7012:Chad
6981:Togo
6633:Togo
6543:Mali
6433:Chad
6296:2020
6291:2019
6286:2018
6281:2017
6276:2016
6271:2015
6266:2014
6261:2013
6256:2012
6251:2011
6246:2010
6241:2009
6236:2008
6231:2007
6226:2006
6221:2005
5744:West
5729:East
5668:West
5653:East
5416:UTNE
5346:ISBN
5328:ISBN
5313:ISSN
5299:ISBN
5259:ISBN
5242:OCLC
5232:ISBN
5192:ISBN
5150:2023
5127:OCLC
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5025:ISBN
5006:ISBN
4991:2023
4967:2023
4947:2023
4789:2018
4684:2010
4671:ISBN
4616:OCLC
4606:ISBN
4305:2018
4279:2018
4253:2018
4179:2018
4153:2018
4131:2018
4108:2018
4086:2018
4060:2018
3983:2018
3866:ISBN
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3689:2018
3403:2020
3361:ISBN
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2236:Mali
1825:Chad
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3572:doi
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