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A municipal charter is the basic document that defines the organization, powers, functions and essential procedures of the city government. The charter is, therefore, the most important legal document of any city. Municipalities without charters, in states where such exist, are known as
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Since the beginning of
American colonial rule, Philippines cities were formally established through laws enacted by the various national legislatures in the country. The
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or the authorities acting on behalf of the Crown. In federations, the granting of charters may be within the jurisdiction of the lower level of government, such as a
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Roger L. Kemp, "Model
Government Charters: A City, County, Regional, State, and Federal Handbook" (2007), McFarland and Co., Inc., Jefferson, NC, and London, ENG. (
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Today, the process for granting is determined by the type of government of the state in question. In monarchies, charters are still often a
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has established 149 more cities (as of
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established an additional ten cities. Since achieving independence from the United States in 1946 the
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law, usually after the proposed charter has passed a referendum vote of the affected population.
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gave the city of Manila its charter in 1901, while the city of Baguio was established by the
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which was composed by elected members instead of appointed ones. During the
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within the proposed city's jurisdiction to ratify the city's charter.
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Documents of
American Democracy: A Collection of Essential Works
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349:", McFarland and Co., Inc., Jefferson, NC, and London, Eng. (
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87:. Townspeople who lived in chartered towns were
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95:who lived in villages. Towns were often "
27:Legal document establishing a municipality
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203:until 1951, cities were established by
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331:Vol. 157-58:2 (1945), p. 69-75)
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