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against the most silent approach and every attempt at encirclement by the adversary. The reduction to absurdity of
Nacionalista senator Zulueta's conception of sound foreign policy was a shattering experience, the skill that goes into the cutting of a diamond went into the work of demolition. There was no slip of the hand, no flaw in the tool. All was delicately, perfectly done... Recto cannot defend the indefensible, but what can be defended, he will see to it that it will not be taken.
1252:, detailed a number of mandatory constitutional provisions, and required approval of the constitution by the U.S. President and by Filipinos. Prior to independence, the act allowed the U.S. to maintain military forces in the Philippines and to call all military forces of the Philippine government into U.S. military service. Finally, the act mandated U.S. recognition of independence of the Philippine Islands as a separate and self-governing nation after a ten-year transition period.
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as a transition government for 12 years and promised the country full independence on July 4, 1946. However, the act also required the
Philippines to exempt American goods from customs duties, and essentially allowed the indefinite retention of U.S. military and naval bases in the Philippines and the
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Recto's leadership was the curious kind that only finds fulfillment from being at the periphery of power, and not from being its fulcrum. It was the best occupation suited to the satirist that he was. His success at the polls would be limited, his ability to mold the minds of his contemporaries was
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He also served as
Commissioner of Education, Health and Public Welfare from 1942 to 1943, Minister of State for Foreign Affairs from 1943 to 1944 and Cultural Envoy with the rank of Ambassador Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary on cultural mission to Europe and Latin America in 1960. He is
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Critics claim that Recto's brilliance is overshadowed by his inability to capture nationwide acceptance. His lack of popularity frequently saw him at the bottom of senate votes, and he sometimes lost the senate elections. He was seen as out of touch with the poor, and only garnered less than nine
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and a preliminary step to independence and self-governance after a 10-year transitional period. Recto was the primary author of the
Constitution, thus becoming known as the "Father of the Philippine Constitution." After minor amendments, the Tydings–McDuffie bill was passed and signed into law by
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Recto is not a good speaker, no. He will arouse no mob. But heaven help the one whose pretensions he chooses to demolish. His sentences march like ordered battalions against the inmost citadel of the man's arguments, and reduce them to rubble; meanwhile his reservations stand like armed sentries
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The first task to participate seriously in the economic development of our country (is to) pursue those professions for which there is a great need during an era of rapid industrialization. Only a nationalistic administration can inspire a new idealism in our youth, and with its valid economic
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says of him: "Recto, more than a politician and lawyer, is a
Spanish writer, and that among those of his race" (although he had Irish and Spanish ancestors), "there is not and there has been no one who has surpassed him in the mastery of the language of his country's former sovereign."
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only excelled by Rizal's... But he was admired for his intellect and his dogged determination to never let the opposition be bereft of a champion, still his opposition was flawed. For it was one that never bothered to transform itself into an opposition capable of taking power.
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on
October 14, 1943. Recto was appointed as Commissioner of Education in 1942, and as Minister of Foreign Affairs from 1943 to 1944. As Minister, he signed the Philippine-Japanese Treaty of Alliance alongside Japanese Ambassador to Philippines Sozyo Murata on October 20, 1943.
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However, one possible explanation as to why Recto was never able to capture full national acceptance was because he dared to strongly oppose the national security interests of the United States in the
Philippines, as when he campaigned against the US military bases in his
1701:(Asiatic Monroism) validated his repute as a political satirist. In what was claimed as a commendable study in polemics, he proffered his arguments and defenses in a debate with Dean Máximo Kálaw of the University of the Philippines where Kálaw championed a version of the
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In 1928, Recto temporarily retired from politics and dedicated himself to the teaching and practice of law, joining the
Guevara, Francisco, & Recto law firm. However, he later found the world of academia restrictive and soporific, and he reentered politics in
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and reaped 1,084,003 votes, the highest number of votes among the 24 elected senators. However, Imperial Japan would invade on
December 8, 1941, preventing the elected senators from taking oath. Thus, they were not seated until 1945.
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Recto took part in many landmark cases. In "Hall v. Piccio" (G.R. No. L-2598), the landmark civil case involving
Articles of Incorporation as a requisite to becoming a de facto corporation, Recto lost the case to
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from 1931 to 1935, he rose to prominence as the president of the Constitutional Convention that drafted the 1935 Constitution, of which he was the primary author. He was appointed as the Associate Justice to the
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percent of votes when he ran for the presidency in 1957. His appeal was limited to the intellectual elite and the nationalist minority of his time, though others argue that he was just too ahead of his time.
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in Rome, Italy, on October 2, 1960, while on a cultural mission, and en route to Spain, where he was to fulfill a series of speaking engagements. His body was flown back to the Philippines to be buried in
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954:'s wartime cabinet. He was arrested at the end of the war for treason, but successfully defended himself. He was again reelected in 1949 and 1955, during which he became an outspoken critic of President
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Pending ratification from the Philippine Senate, opposition sparked in response to the controversial provisions, once more dividing the Nacionalista Party into two factions: the "Pros", led by Senator
1006:, from 1900 to 1901. He continued his education at Colegio del Sagrado Corazón of Don Sebastián Virrey and finished his secondary education in 1905 at the age of 15. He moved to Manila to study at
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on voters' decisions—the Philippines having a 90% Catholic majority at the time. In a 1958 article in "The Lawyer's Journal," Recto suggested a constitutional amendment to make the article on the
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In his deliberation, he wrote about foreseeing the danger Japan posed to the Philippines and other Asian countries. His words proved prophetic when Japan invaded and colonized the region,
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1920:(CIA) conducted black propaganda operations to ensure his defeat, including the distribution of condoms with holes in them and marked with `Courtesy of Claro M. Recto' on the labels.
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The law of belligerent occupation and the effect of the change of sovereignty on the commonwealth treason law: With particular reference to the Japanese occupation of the Philippines
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Claro Mayo Recto had seven children in all: four children in his first marriage with Angeles Zamora Silos, and two sons with his second wife, Aurora Reyes. He is the grandfather of
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903:(February 8, 1890 – October 2, 1960) was a Filipino politician, statesman, lawyer, jurist, author, writer, columnist, and poet. Perhaps best known as the president of the
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In the end, the Philippine Legislature rejected the Act. Quezon headed another Philippine Independence mission to the US in 1934, which instead secured the passage of the
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1675:"Aristeo Hilario." They were prose and numerous poems of satirical pieces. Some of his works still grace classic poetry anthologies of the Hispanic world.
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1356:, was taken into custody and tried for treason, but he successfully defended himself was acquitted. He wrote a defense and explanation of his position in
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1517:(lawyer of miracles), a tribute to his many victories in the judicial court. He wrote a three-volume book on civil procedures, which, in the days before
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in Washington, DC; however many politicians stayed behind and collaborated with the occupying Japanese, among them Recto and then-Minister of Interior
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as a member of the Independence Mission and was admitted to the American Bar in 1924. Recto would again run for the title of House Speaker in
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His prominence as a lawyer paralleled his fame as a writer. He was known for his flawless logic and lucidity of mind in both undertakings.
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with its application to the Asian continent, while Recto took the opposing side. The original Monroe Doctrine (1823) was U.S. President
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Recto also foresaw the demands of a fast-moving global economy and the challenges it would pose. In a speech on the eve of the
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Recto later ran for and won a senate seat and was subsequently elected majority floor leader from 1934-1935. He was appointed
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https://web.archive.org/web/20070707163850/http://www.manilatimes.net/national/2006/feb/10/yehey/opinion/20060210opi5.html
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The position of Minority Leader was left vacant as the Nacionalista Party controlled all the seats in the 10th Legislature
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Recto was elected as a senator in 1941 despite being detained on charges of collaboration with the Japanese. During the
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Recto is referred to by some as the "Great Academician" or the "finest mind of his generation". Teodoro M. LocsĂn of
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On April 9, 1949, Recto opened his attack against the unfair impositions of the U.S. government as expressed in the
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program make our youth respond to the challenging jobs and tasks demanding full use of their talents and energies.
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https://web.archive.org/web/20070420193107/http://www.rizalcanada.org/Pages/PermanentPages/ArticleRizalBill.html
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2288:"The Constitution of the Philippine Commonwealth | NHCP | National Historical Commission of the Philippines"
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2064:"Museum Blog | Presidential Museum and Library | Presidential Museum and Library | Page 41"
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is suspected of involvement in his death. Recto, who had no known heart disease, met with two mysterious "
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White Love, Surveillance and Nationalist Resistance in the United States Colonization of the Philippines
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His eloquence and facility with the Spanish language were recognized throughout the Hispanic world. The
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where he consistently obtained outstanding scholastic grades, graduating with a Bachelor of Arts degree
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Claro Recto on our Constitution, Constitutional Amendments and the Constitutional Convention of 1991
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https://web.archive.org/web/20060224152312/http://www.abs-cbnnews.com/storypage.aspx?StoryId=29698
2105:"Electoral Almanac 2nd edition: 1922 Legislative Elections | Presidential Museum and Library"
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in 1935, becoming the last Philippine Supreme Court member to be appointed by the United States.
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clearer and more definitive. He also argued against the teaching of religion in public schools.
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2573:. Speech delivered at the Philippine Columbian Association, September 26, 1956. ISBN B0007KCFEM
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but would again be defeated by Roxas, who was now under the newly-reunited Nacionalista Party.
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the institutional invisibility of American imperialism, the Philippines and Filipino Americans
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Together with then-Senate President Quezon, who later was elected the first president of the
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Three Years of Enemy Occupation: The issue of political collaboration in the Philippines
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Please expand the article to include this information. Further details may exist on the
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Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.
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American imposition of high tariffs and quotas on Philippine exports such as sugar and
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on July 3, 1935, by President Roosevelt and held the position until November 1, 1936.
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https://web.archive.org/web/20070927121038/http://www.quezon.ph/thecolumn.php?which=9
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In the 1953 and 1955 elections, Recto denounced the influence and coercion of the
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The Relevance of Recto Today: A review of Philippine-American and other relations
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1686:(Alone among the Shadows, 1917), lauded not only in the Philippines, but also in
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in 1916. In 1919, he was elected representative from the second district of
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986:), Philippines, of educated, upper middle-class parents, Claro Recto Sr. of
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Claro M. Recto, 1890-1990: A Centenary tribute of the Civil Liberties Union
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This article is about the Filipino politician. For the road in Manila, see
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The Star-Entangled Banner: One Hundred Years of America in the Philippines
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During World War II, Recto was arrested by the US colonial government for
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Members of the House of Representatives of the Philippines from Batangas
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Members of the House of Representatives of the Philippines from Batangas
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Dissent on Philippine Society; the Filipino elite; Recto's Second Demise
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on the question of U.S. ownership of military bases in the Philippines.
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by Teodoro Agoncillo, University of the Philippines Press, Quezon City.
1830: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
1066: in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
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Claro Mayo Recto Jr. house - Leveriza Street, Barangay 15, Pasay City
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and was its candidate for the office of Speaker of the House in the
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Recto launched his political career as a legal adviser to the first
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Senators of the 1st Congress of the Commonwealth of the Philippines
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http://www.senate.gov.ph/senators/former_senators//claro_recto.htm
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by Manuel L. Quezon III, Philippines Free Press, December 30, 1999
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Covert Operations and the CIA's Hidden History in the Philippines
2438:"G.R. No. L-3452 - NACIONALISTA PARTY vs. FELIX ANGELO BAUTISTA"
1717:'s preeminence and its aggressive stance towards its neighbors.
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After the war, Recto, along with Laurel, Minister of Education
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Members of the Senate of the Philippines from the 5th district
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ConcepciĂłn Conchita or Chitang Recto Silos (December 7, 1915,
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http://www.mb.com.ph/issues/2006/03/14/OPED2006031458608.html
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The Philippine survival: Nationalist essays by Claro M. Recto
2596:. Filipiniana series, 1985 Filipiana reprint. ISBN B0007K1JRG
2240:. Published and exclusively distributed by All-Nations Pub.
2091:"Alternative Parties in the Philippines: Partido Democrata"
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Chief of Station Ralph Lovett and the US Ambassador to the
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on a cultural mission to Europe and Latin America in 1960.
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Associate justices of the Supreme Court of the Philippines
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Recto Reader: Excerpts from the Speeches of Claro M. Recto
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Recto and the National Democratic Struggle: a re-appraisal
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in 1934–35 in accordance with the provisions of the
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Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the Philippines
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Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the Philippines
1340:. The Japanese installed Laurel as the President of the
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Candidates in the 1957 Philippine presidential election
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in 1909. He received a Masters of Laws degree from the
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Minority Floor Leader of the Senate of the Philippines
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Majority Floor Leader of the Senate of the Philippines
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Asiatic Monroeism and other essays: Articles of debate
1982:
MarĂa Priscilla Chona Recto Silos (February 5, 1922,
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Recto would lose the election to incumbent president
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the grandfather of representative and former senator
2747:. edited by Renato Constantino, 1965 ISBN B0006E72Z6
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by Lorenzo M. Tañada; edited by Ileana Maramag, 1965
2639:, a speech before the Baguio Press Association, 1951
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Commissioner of Education, Health and Public Welfare
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Solo entre las sombres: Drama en un acto y en prosa
2328:"Part III. Recto changed our history and our lives"
2209:"National Historical Commission of the Philippines"
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1276:Recto presided over the assembly that drafted the
3950:Minority leaders of the Senate of the Philippines
3945:Secretaries of foreign affairs of the Philippines
2292:National Historical Commission of the Philippines
2023:List of Philippine legislators who died in office
1939:MarĂa Clara Nena Recto Silos (December 29, 1912,
950:party and served in Japanese-installed President
2777:http://www.bookrags.com/biography/claro-m-recto/
2316:. Manila: University of Santo Tomas Cooperative.
1256:Drafting the Philippine Constitution (1934-1935)
1237:; and the "Antis", led by then-Senate President
911:, he is remembered as a fierce opponent of U.S.
353: and the surname or paternal family name is
3965:Senators of the 2nd Congress of the Philippines
3960:Senators of the 3rd Congress of the Philippines
3955:Senators of the 4th Congress of the Philippines
2590:Alicia Benitez, ed. University of Hawaii, 1964.
2571:A realistic economic policy for the Philippines
1774:United States government documents later showed
2739:Vintage Recto: Memorable speeches and writings
2588:United States-Philippine Relations, 1935-1960.
294:about Claro M. Recto's life from 1941 onwards.
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2556:https://www.silosfamily.com/nena%20recto.html
2159:"Associate Justice - Supreme Court E-Library"
8:
2496:. August 18, 2000. Retrieved March 17, 2009.
1870:Claro Mayo Recto Jr. house historical marker
1580:introducing citations to additional sources
1020:. He later received a Doctor of Laws degree
4025:Spanish-language writers of the Philippines
3975:Senators of the 10th Philippine Legislature
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1971:JosĂ© MarĂa Recto Silos (December 19, 1917,
1916:During the 1957 presidential campaign, the
1776:that a plan to murder Recto with a vial of
1722:including the Philippines from 1942 to 1945
1481:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
71:Learn how and when to remove these messages
3980:Senators of the 9th Philippine Legislature
3935:Filipino collaborators with Imperial Japan
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2643:The Quirino junket: an Objective Appraisal
2600:Our trade relations with the United States
2355:Remembering Recto - Manila Bulletin Online
1319:. Despite this, he ran for senator in the
926:from 1919 to 1928 and as a senator in the
454:July 16, 1934 – November 15, 1935
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209:. Please do not remove this message until
2606:The evil of religious test in a democracy
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1950:José Recto Silos (born December 8, 1914,
1846:Learn how and when to remove this message
1772:" wearing business suits before he died.
1501:Learn how and when to remove this message
1126:Learn how and when to remove this message
735:July 30, 1934 – February 8, 1936
563:June 2, 1931 – November 15, 1935
323:Learn how and when to remove this message
229:Learn how and when to remove this message
168:Learn how and when to remove this message
2511:Quezon, Manuel III (December 30, 1999).
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1739:
1570:Relevant discussion may be found on the
1521:was standard textbook for law students.
1332:By 1943, the Commonwealth established a
541:April 3, 1952 – October 2, 1960
400:July 3, 1935 – November 1, 1936
205:Relevant discussion may be found on the
2034:
1317:collaboration charges with the Japanese
2802:A note on Recto's play by Nick Joaquin
2314:The Philippines: Through the centuries
1935:His children with Angeles Silos were:
1891:Claro M. Recto in a 1969 postage stamp
944:Japanese occupation of the Philippines
4035:Laurel administration cabinet members
3252:1957 Philippine presidential election
1994:His children with Aurora Reyes were:
1376:of Aug. 30, 1951, and especially the
501:July 16, 1931 – June 5, 1934
7:
4040:Burials at the Manila North Cemetery
3920:Central Philippine University alumni
3915:Central Philippine University people
2741:, edited by Renato Constantino, 1986
2513:"Cory Aquino: Person of the Century"
2286:Palafox, Q. A. (September 7, 2012).
2153:
2151:
2132:
2130:
2128:
2126:
2012:Claro Sebastián Clarito Reyes Recto.
1828:adding citations to reliable sources
1538:Solicitor-General of the Philippines
1479:adding citations to reliable sources
1372:of March 14, 1947, and later in the
1064:adding citations to reliable sources
774:Captaincy General of the Philippines
696:June 3, 1919 – June 5, 1928
552:July 9, 1945 – May 25, 1946
106:adding citations to reliable sources
2727:Nationalism: a summons to greatness
2138:"Senators Profile - Claro M. Recto"
2001:(died 2008) Assemblyman during the
1744:Gravesite of Claro M. Recto at the
1682:(The Route to Damascus, 1918), and
1213:culminated in the enactment of the
1186:Philippine Independence (1934-1941)
3910:Ateneo de Manila University alumni
2733:Cory Aquino: Person of the Century
2381:"1957 Philippine general election"
1643:He was reared and schooled in the
919:leadership throughout his career.
25:
1678:Among the plays he authored were
830:(1934–1935; 1941–1942; 1949–1957)
52:This article has multiple issues.
4030:University of Santo Tomas alumni
3557:
2811:
2758:Works by or about Claro M. Recto
2436:Padilla, J. (December 7, 1949).
2237:The Philippines: A Unique Nation
2183:Halili, Maria Christine (2004).
1804:
1563:relies largely or entirely on a
1552:
1451:
1305:Supreme Court of the Philippines
1040:
946:, he became affiliated with the
933:Supreme Court of the Philippines
281:
245:
184:
82:
41:
2467:Encyclopedia of World Biography
2442:Chan Robles Virtual Law Library
2050:Senate abolished, next held by
1815:needs additional citations for
1358:Three Years of Enemy Occupation
1294:Commonwealth of the Philippines
1270:Philippine Independence Mission
1051:needs additional citations for
922:Serving as a representative of
613:Philippine Executive Commission
93:needs additional citations for
60:or discuss these issues on the
27:Filipino politician (1890–1960)
3990:Nacionalista Party politicians
2637:Our lingering colonial complex
2187:. Rex Bookstore. p. 186.
1647:, his mother tongue alongside
1408:separation of church and state
1217:(1933), which established the
905:1934 Constitutional Convention
723:1934 Constitutional Convention
1:
2687:, by Renato Constantino, 1972
2681:, by Renato Constantino, 1986
2405:Bengzon, J. (June 29, 1950).
1962:
1026:Central Philippine University
915:in Asia and for his staunch
3940:20th-century Filipino judges
3355:Other third party candidates
2660:Our mendicant foreign policy
1651:, and he was also fluent in
1264:Recto (3rd from right) with
909:1935 Philippine Constitution
626:1942 – October 1943
4050:Democrata Party politicians
4010:People acquitted of treason
2577:Sovereignty and Nationalism
2519:. Quezon.ph. Archived from
1918:Central Intelligence Agency
1766:Central Intelligence Agency
1667:, he wrote a daily column,
810:Nationalist Citizens' Party
211:conditions to do so are met
4066:
4000:People from Lipa, Batangas
2543:"To Be Right Than Popular"
2517:Archives: Articles/Columns
2463:"Claro M. Recto Biography"
1671:(First Sheets), under the
1415:1957 presidential election
1378:Tydings Rehabilitation Act
1342:Second Philippine Republic
1194:
529:Senator of the Philippines
334:
29:
3555:
3091:
2895:
2846:
2837:
2831:
2826:
2693:, by Emerenciana Avellana
2003:Regular Batasang Pambansa
1878:, defined Recto's genius:
1534:Jose W. "Ka Pepe'' Diokno
1321:1941 senatorial elections
1018:University of Santo Tomás
998:at Instituto de Rizal in
894:
884:University of Santo Tomas
739:
728:
689:
619:
556:
545:
534:
494:
447:
393:
382:
373:
254:This article needs to be
2723:by Sharon Delmondo, 2004
2709:The Crisis of a Republic
2312:Molina, Antonio (1961).
2234:Zaide, Sonia M. (1999).
1370:Military Bases Agreement
1311:World War II (1939-1945)
970:Early life and education
675:House of Representatives
2614:, 1917; reprinted 1999
2582:On the Formosa Question
2163:Supreme Court E-Library
1899:Political editorialist
1278:Philippine Constitution
1219:Philippine Commonwealth
1139:Early years (1916-1934)
602:5th senatorial district
3384:Valentin de los Santos
2645:, 1949 ISBN B0007K4A7W
2627:, 1930 ISBN B0008A5354
2608:, 1960 ISBN B0007K4Y8W
2602:, 1954 ISBN B0007K8LS6
2584:, 1955 ISBN B0007JI5DI
1910:
1892:
1885:
1876:Philippines Free Press
1871:
1863:
1749:
1729:Enciclopedia Universal
1684:Solo entre las sombras
1513:Recto was known as an
1424:
1399:
1273:
1215:Hare–Hawes–Cutting Act
1201:Hare–Hawes–Cutting Act
990:, and Micaela Mayo of
928:Philippine Legislature
907:and the Father of the
489:Senate Minority Leader
442:Senate Majority Leader
292:is missing information
4005:Writers from Batangas
2699:, by Jose Sison, 1969
2666:The Recto Valedictory
2523:on September 27, 2007
1975:– December 17, 1963,
1943:- November 16, 1979,
1905:
1890:
1880:
1869:
1861:
1759:Manila North Cemetery
1746:Manila North Cemetery
1743:
1697:In 1929, his article
1419:
1397:
1374:Mutual Defense Treaty
1287:Franklin D. Roosevelt
1263:
937:Franklin D. Roosevelt
706:Benito Reyes Catigbac
565:Serving with
411:Franklin D. Roosevelt
2820:at Wikimedia Commons
2717:by Vicente L. Rafael
2334:on December 15, 2013
2215:on February 22, 2014
2070:on December 23, 2018
1901:Manuel L. Quezon III
1824:improve this article
1576:improve this article
1475:improve this section
1389:Herbert Brownell Jr.
1382:Dwight D. Eisenhower
1282:Tydings–McDuffie Act
1246:Tydings–McDuffie Act
1205:Tydings–McDuffie Act
1191:Tydings-McDuffie Act
1060:improve this article
901:Claro Mayo Recto Jr.
655:Position established
512:Position established
102:improve this article
2411:The LawPhil Project
2362:on October 26, 2007
1669:Primeras Cuartillas
1334:government-in-exile
1328:Japanese Occupation
198:of this article is
3995:People from Quezon
3308:Nacionalista Party
3291:Diosdado Macapagal
3250:Candidates in the
2850:Manuel V. P. Moran
2679:The relevant Recto
2490:Simbulan, Roland.
2417:on October 5, 2023
2185:Philippine History
1999:Rafael Reyes Recto
1893:
1872:
1864:
1750:
1699:Monroismo asiático
1680:La Ruta de Damasco
1657:Bajo los Cocoteros
1400:
1398:Recto as a senator
1274:
1233:and House Speaker
974:Recto was born in
935:by U.S. President
753:Claro Recto y Mayo
592:Position abolished
477:Position abolished
465:Benigno Aquino Sr.
3887:
3886:
3883:
3882:
3427:
3426:
3423:
3422:
3350:
3349:
3302:
3301:
3217:
3216:
3051:
3050:
2856:
2855:
2847:Succeeded by
2816:Media related to
2407:"G.R. No. L-2598"
2247:978-971-642-071-5
2142:www.senate.gov.ph
2111:on August 4, 2020
1986:- April 4, 1987,
1856:
1855:
1848:
1780:was discussed by
1641:
1640:
1626:
1515:abogado milagroso
1511:
1510:
1503:
1301:Associate Justice
1145:Philippine Senate
1136:
1135:
1128:
1110:
988:Rosario, Batangas
898:
897:
721:President of the
343:or maternal
333:
332:
325:
315:
314:
275:
274:
239:
238:
231:
178:
177:
170:
152:
75:
16:(Redirected from
4057:
3808:
3561:
3560:
3454:
3447:
3440:
3431:
3415:Restituto Fresto
3359:
3323:Carlos P. Garcia
3313:
3265:
3244:
3237:
3230:
3221:
3078:
3071:
3064:
3055:
2882:
2875:
2868:
2859:
2834:Thomas A. Street
2832:Preceded by
2824:
2815:
2762:Internet Archive
2558:
2553:
2547:
2546:
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2533:
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2433:
2427:
2426:
2424:
2422:
2413:. Archived from
2402:
2396:
2395:
2394:
2392:
2387:, April 18, 2022
2377:
2371:
2370:
2369:
2367:
2358:, archived from
2350:
2344:
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2341:
2339:
2330:. Archived from
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2211:. Archived from
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2199:
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2173:
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2169:
2155:
2146:
2145:
2134:
2121:
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2118:
2116:
2107:. Archived from
2101:
2095:
2094:
2086:
2080:
2079:
2077:
2075:
2066:. Archived from
2060:
2054:
2052:Carlos P. Garcia
2048:
2042:
2039:
1967:
1964:
1915:
1851:
1844:
1840:
1837:
1831:
1808:
1800:
1790:Raymond Spruance
1775:
1752:Recto died of a
1645:Spanish language
1636:
1633:
1627:
1625:
1591:"Claro M. Recto"
1584:
1556:
1548:
1506:
1499:
1495:
1492:
1486:
1455:
1447:
1438:Other activities
1428:Carlos P. Garcia
1386:Attorney General
1266:Manuel L. Quezon
1131:
1124:
1120:
1117:
1111:
1109:
1075:"Claro M. Recto"
1068:
1044:
1036:
1032:Political career
1013:maxima cum laude
1008:Ateneo de Manila
875:Ateneo de Manila
795:
763:February 8, 1890
762:
760:
744:Personal details
733:
713:
703:
694:
663:
651:
643:Shigenori Kuroda
639:Shizuichi Tanaka
624:
588:
576:
567:Manuel L. Quezon
561:
550:
539:
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508:
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473:
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117:"Claro M. Recto"
110:
86:
78:
67:
45:
44:
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21:
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3888:
3879:
3850:
3831:
3802:
3795:
3772:
3756:
3722:
3710:Hernandez-Reyes
3703:Laurel-Trinidad
3649:
3562:
3558:
3553:
3461:
3458:
3428:
3419:
3405:Vicente Araneta
3398:Vice President:
3393:
3379:Antonio Quirino
3346:
3342:José Laurel Jr.
3335:Vice President:
3330:
3298:
3284:Vice President:
3279:
3254:
3248:
3218:
3213:
3087:
3082:
3052:
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2754:
2675:
2673:Further reading
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2019:
1965:
1926:
1912:
1852:
1841:
1835:
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1809:
1798:
1792:years earlier.
1773:
1738:
1703:Monroe Doctrine
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1569:
1557:
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1507:
1496:
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1404:Catholic Church
1366:
1354:QuintĂn Paredes
1330:
1313:
1285:U.S. President
1258:
1207:
1195:Main articles:
1193:
1188:
1156:Democrata Party
1141:
1132:
1121:
1115:
1112:
1069:
1067:
1057:
1045:
1034:
984:Quezon province
972:
956:Ramon Magsaysay
882:
844:
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826:
818:
817:Other political
806:Political party
797:
793:
792:October 2, 1960
764:
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337:Philippine name
329:
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5:
4063:
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4020:Tagalog people
4017:
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3719:M.T. Collantes
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3412:
3410:Lorenzo Tañada
3407:
3401:
3399:
3395:
3394:
3392:
3391:
3389:Alfredo Abcede
3386:
3381:
3376:
3374:Claro M. Recto
3371:
3369:Manuel Manahan
3365:
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2827:Legal offices
2822:
2821:
2818:Claro M. Recto
2809:
2804:
2799:
2794:
2789:
2784:
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2753:
2752:External links
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1969:
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1948:
1925:
1922:
1854:
1853:
1812:
1810:
1803:
1797:
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1734:
1639:
1638:
1574:. Please help
1560:
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1509:
1508:
1459:
1457:
1450:
1444:
1441:
1439:
1436:
1365:
1362:
1352:, and Senator
1338:José P. Laurel
1329:
1326:
1312:
1309:
1257:
1254:
1192:
1189:
1187:
1184:
1160:1922 elections
1154:Recto led the
1140:
1137:
1134:
1133:
1048:
1046:
1039:
1033:
1030:
992:Lipa, Batangas
982:(now known as
971:
968:
952:Jose P. Laurel
913:neocolonialism
896:
895:
892:
891:
872:
866:
865:
862:
858:
857:
851:
847:
846:
843:Angeles Silos
841:
837:
836:
820:
814:
813:
807:
803:
802:
796:(aged 70)
790:
786:
785:
752:
750:
746:
745:
741:
740:
737:
736:
726:
725:
718:
717:
714:
708:
707:
704:
698:
697:
687:
686:
673:Member of the
670:
669:
664:
658:
657:
652:
646:
645:
635:Masaharu Homma
632:
628:
627:
617:
616:
605:
604:
599:
595:
594:
589:
583:
582:
580:Jose P. Laurel
577:
571:
570:
564:
554:
553:
543:
542:
532:
531:
525:
524:
521:
515:
514:
509:
503:
502:
492:
491:
485:
484:
481:Melecio Arranz
479:(Next held by
474:
468:
467:
462:
456:
455:
445:
444:
438:
437:
432:
426:
425:
420:
414:
413:
408:
402:
401:
391:
390:
384:
383:
380:
379:
371:
370:
368:Claro M. Recto
367:
331:
330:
313:
312:
289:
287:
280:
273:
272:
253:
251:
244:
237:
236:
192:
190:
183:
176:
175:
90:
88:
81:
76:
50:
49:
47:
40:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
4062:
4051:
4048:
4046:
4043:
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4038:
4036:
4033:
4031:
4028:
4026:
4023:
4021:
4018:
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4013:
4011:
4008:
4006:
4003:
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3998:
3996:
3993:
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3988:
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3898:
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3868:
3865:
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3853:
3846:
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3834:
3828:
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3809:
3806:
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3798:
3792:
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3775:
3768:
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3765:
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3734:
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3731:
3729:
3725:
3718:
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3702:
3700:
3697:
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3586:
3583:
3580:
3577:
3574:
3573:
3571:
3569:
3565:
3550:
3547:
3545:
3544:Ermita-Buhain
3542:
3540:
3537:
3535:
3534:Ermita-Buhain
3532:
3530:
3527:
3524:
3521:
3519:F. M. Serrano
3518:
3515:
3512:
3510:
3507:
3504:
3501:
3499:
3496:
3494:
3491:
3488:
3486:
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3464:
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3413:
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3408:
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3320:
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3309:
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3295:
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3289:
3288:
3286:
3282:
3276:
3273:
3272:
3270:
3266:
3263:
3261:
3260:Liberal Party
3257:
3253:
3245:
3240:
3238:
3233:
3231:
3226:
3225:
3222:
3210:
3207:
3205:
3202:
3200:
3197:
3195:
3192:
3189:
3187:
3184:
3182:
3179:
3177:
3174:
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3159:
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3149:
3147:
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3139:
3137:
3134:
3132:
3129:
3127:
3124:
3122:
3119:
3117:
3114:
3112:
3109:
3107:
3104:
3102:
3099:
3097:
3094:
3093:
3090:
3086:
3079:
3074:
3072:
3067:
3065:
3060:
3059:
3056:
3044:
3041:
3039:
3038:J. Villanueva
3036:
3034:
3031:
3029:
3026:
3024:
3021:
3019:
3016:
3013:
3011:
3008:
3006:
3003:
3001:
2998:
2996:
2993:
2991:
2988:
2986:
2983:
2981:
2978:
2976:
2973:
2971:
2968:
2966:
2963:
2961:
2958:
2956:
2953:
2951:
2948:
2946:
2943:
2941:
2938:
2936:
2933:
2931:
2928:
2926:
2923:
2921:
2918:
2916:
2913:
2911:
2908:
2906:
2903:
2901:
2900:F. Villanueva
2898:
2897:
2894:
2890:
2883:
2878:
2876:
2871:
2869:
2864:
2863:
2860:
2851:
2842:
2841:
2830:
2825:
2819:
2814:
2810:
2808:
2805:
2803:
2800:
2798:
2795:
2793:
2790:
2788:
2785:
2783:
2780:
2778:
2775:
2773:
2770:
2768:
2765:
2763:
2759:
2756:
2755:
2751:
2746:
2743:
2740:
2737:
2734:
2731:
2728:
2725:
2722:
2719:
2716:
2713:
2710:
2707:
2704:
2701:
2698:
2695:
2692:
2689:
2686:
2683:
2680:
2677:
2676:
2672:
2667:
2664:
2661:
2658:
2656:
2653:
2650:
2647:
2644:
2641:
2638:
2635:
2632:
2629:
2626:
2623:
2621:
2620:971-555-306-0
2617:
2613:
2610:
2607:
2604:
2601:
2598:
2595:
2592:
2589:
2586:
2583:
2580:
2578:
2575:
2572:
2569:
2568:
2564:
2557:
2552:
2549:
2544:
2538:
2535:
2522:
2518:
2514:
2507:
2505:
2503:
2499:
2495:
2494:
2487:
2485:
2481:
2468:
2464:
2458:
2455:
2443:
2439:
2432:
2429:
2416:
2412:
2408:
2401:
2398:
2386:
2382:
2376:
2373:
2361:
2357:
2356:
2349:
2346:
2333:
2329:
2323:
2320:
2315:
2308:
2305:
2293:
2289:
2282:
2279:
2267:
2263:
2257:
2254:
2249:
2243:
2239:
2238:
2230:
2227:
2214:
2210:
2204:
2201:
2196:
2190:
2186:
2179:
2176:
2164:
2160:
2154:
2152:
2148:
2143:
2139:
2133:
2131:
2129:
2127:
2123:
2110:
2106:
2100:
2097:
2092:
2089:Raposas, Al.
2085:
2082:
2069:
2065:
2059:
2056:
2053:
2047:
2044:
2038:
2035:
2028:
2024:
2021:
2020:
2016:
2011:
2008:
2004:
2000:
1997:
1996:
1995:
1989:
1985:
1981:
1978:
1974:
1970:
1960:
1956:
1953:
1949:
1946:
1942:
1938:
1937:
1936:
1933:
1931:
1923:
1921:
1919:
1909:
1904:
1902:
1897:
1889:
1884:
1879:
1877:
1868:
1860:
1850:
1847:
1839:
1829:
1825:
1819:
1818:
1813:This section
1811:
1807:
1802:
1801:
1795:
1793:
1791:
1787:
1783:
1779:
1771:
1767:
1762:
1760:
1755:
1747:
1742:
1735:
1733:
1730:
1725:
1723:
1718:
1716:
1712:
1708:
1704:
1700:
1695:
1693:
1692:Latin America
1689:
1685:
1681:
1676:
1674:
1670:
1666:
1665:La Vanguardia
1662:
1658:
1654:
1650:
1646:
1635:
1624:
1621:
1617:
1614:
1610:
1607:
1603:
1600:
1596:
1593: –
1592:
1588:
1587:Find sources:
1581:
1577:
1573:
1567:
1566:
1565:single source
1561:This section
1559:
1555:
1550:
1549:
1543:
1541:
1539:
1535:
1531:
1525:
1522:
1520:
1516:
1505:
1502:
1494:
1484:
1480:
1476:
1470:
1469:
1465:
1460:This section
1458:
1454:
1449:
1448:
1442:
1437:
1435:
1433:
1429:
1423:
1418:
1416:
1411:
1409:
1405:
1396:
1392:
1390:
1387:
1383:
1379:
1375:
1371:
1363:
1361:
1359:
1355:
1351:
1346:
1343:
1339:
1335:
1327:
1325:
1322:
1318:
1310:
1308:
1306:
1302:
1297:
1295:
1290:
1288:
1283:
1279:
1271:
1267:
1262:
1255:
1253:
1251:
1247:
1242:
1240:
1239:Manuel Quezon
1236:
1232:
1231:Sergio Osmeña
1227:
1225:
1220:
1216:
1212:
1211:OsRox mission
1206:
1202:
1198:
1197:OsRox Mission
1190:
1185:
1183:
1181:
1175:
1173:
1169:
1168:United States
1165:
1161:
1157:
1152:
1150:
1146:
1138:
1130:
1127:
1119:
1108:
1105:
1101:
1098:
1094:
1091:
1087:
1084:
1080:
1077: –
1076:
1072:
1071:Find sources:
1065:
1061:
1055:
1054:
1049:This section
1047:
1043:
1038:
1037:
1031:
1029:
1027:
1023:
1022:honoris causa
1019:
1015:
1014:
1009:
1005:
1001:
997:
994:. He studied
993:
989:
985:
981:
977:
969:
967:
965:
959:
957:
953:
949:
945:
940:
938:
934:
929:
925:
920:
918:
914:
910:
906:
902:
893:
889:
885:
880:
876:
873:
871:
867:
863:
859:
855:
852:
848:
842:
838:
834:
829:
824:
821:
815:
811:
808:
804:
800:
791:
787:
783:
779:
776:(now Tiaong,
775:
771:
767:
751:
747:
742:
738:
732:
727:
724:
719:
716:José Dimayuga
715:
709:
705:
699:
693:
688:
684:
680:
676:
671:
668:
665:
659:
656:
653:
647:
644:
640:
636:
633:
629:
623:
618:
614:
610:
606:
603:
600:
596:
593:
590:
584:
581:
578:
572:
568:
560:
555:
549:
544:
538:
533:
530:
526:
522:
516:
513:
510:
504:
498:
493:
490:
486:
482:
478:
475:
469:
466:
463:
457:
451:
446:
443:
439:
436:
433:
427:
424:
421:
415:
412:
409:
403:
397:
392:
389:
385:
381:
377:
372:
365:
362:
358:
357:
352:
351:
346:
342:
338:
327:
324:
309:
306:December 2023
299:
293:
290:This article
288:
284:
279:
278:
269:
266:December 2023
257:
252:
243:
242:
233:
230:
222:
219:December 2023
212:
208:
202:
201:
197:
191:
182:
181:
172:
169:
161:
150:
147:
143:
140:
136:
133:
129:
126:
122:
119: –
118:
114:
113:Find sources:
107:
103:
97:
96:
91:This article
89:
85:
80:
79:
74:
72:
65:
64:
59:
58:
53:
48:
39:
38:
33:
19:
4015:Recto family
3862:M. Collantes
3778:6th district
3762:5th district
3728:4th district
3715:N. Collantes
3676:
3655:3rd district
3568:2nd district
3522:R. C. Diokno
3498:R. M. Diokno
3485:R. M. Diokno
3467:1st district
3373:
3325:
3293:
3209:Pimentel III
3193:
3186:Ponce Enrile
3176:Pimentel Jr.
3166:Pimentel Jr.
3136:Ponce Enrile
3095:
3017:
2919:
2838:
2744:
2738:
2732:
2726:
2720:
2714:
2708:
2702:
2696:
2690:
2684:
2678:
2665:
2659:
2654:
2648:
2642:
2636:
2630:
2624:
2611:
2605:
2599:
2593:
2587:
2581:
2576:
2570:
2565:Bibliography
2551:
2537:
2525:. Retrieved
2521:the original
2516:
2492:
2471:. Retrieved
2466:
2457:
2445:. Retrieved
2441:
2431:
2419:. Retrieved
2415:the original
2410:
2400:
2389:, retrieved
2384:
2375:
2366:February 15,
2364:, retrieved
2360:the original
2354:
2348:
2338:December 15,
2336:. Retrieved
2332:the original
2322:
2313:
2307:
2297:December 27,
2295:. Retrieved
2291:
2281:
2271:December 27,
2269:. Retrieved
2265:
2262:"uslaw.link"
2256:
2236:
2229:
2219:December 27,
2217:. Retrieved
2213:the original
2203:
2184:
2178:
2168:December 27,
2166:. Retrieved
2162:
2141:
2113:. Retrieved
2109:the original
2099:
2084:
2072:. Retrieved
2068:the original
2058:
2046:
2037:
2005:, father of
1993:
1934:
1927:
1911:
1906:
1898:
1894:
1881:
1875:
1873:
1842:
1836:October 2023
1833:
1822:Please help
1817:verification
1814:
1763:
1754:heart attack
1751:
1728:
1726:
1719:
1707:James Monroe
1698:
1696:
1683:
1679:
1677:
1668:
1664:
1660:
1656:
1642:
1629:
1619:
1612:
1605:
1598:
1586:
1562:
1532:and his son
1530:Ramon Diokno
1526:
1523:
1519:World War II
1514:
1512:
1497:
1488:
1473:Please help
1461:
1425:
1420:
1412:
1401:
1377:
1373:
1369:
1367:
1364:1946 onwards
1357:
1350:Camilo OsĂas
1347:
1331:
1314:
1298:
1291:
1275:
1250:constitution
1243:
1235:Manuel Roxas
1228:
1208:
1176:
1164:Manuel Roxas
1153:
1142:
1122:
1113:
1103:
1096:
1089:
1082:
1070:
1058:Please help
1053:verification
1050:
1011:
973:
960:
941:
921:
900:
899:
845:Aurora Reyes
828:Nacionalista
819:affiliations
794:(1960-10-02)
730:
712:Succeeded by
691:
667:Camilo OsĂas
662:Succeeded by
654:
621:
598:Constituency
591:
587:Succeeded by
558:
547:
536:
519:Succeeded by
511:
496:
476:
472:Succeeded by
449:
435:Manuel Moran
430:Succeeded by
422:
406:Appointed by
395:
361:
354:
348:
319:
303:
291:
263:
255:
225:
216:
194:
164:
158:October 2023
155:
145:
138:
131:
124:
112:
100:Please help
95:verification
92:
68:
61:
55:
54:Please help
51:
32:Recto Avenue
3905:1960 deaths
3900:1890 births
3876:R. R. Recto
3791:R. G. Recto
3739:R. G. Recto
3673:B. Catigbac
3662:G. Catigbac
3539:T. Apacible
3525:C. Apacible
3513:A. Apacible
3493:de las Alas
3480:G. Apacible
3096:C. M. Recto
2007:Ralph Recto
1966: 1970
1930:Ralph Recto
1786:Philippines
1544:As a writer
1443:As a jurist
1224:coconut oil
964:Ralph Recto
917:nationalist
854:Ralph Recto
835:(1917–1934)
825:(1942–1945)
812:(1957–1960)
782:Philippines
702:Preceded by
650:Preceded by
575:Preceded by
507:Preceded by
460:Preceded by
418:Preceded by
345:family name
341:middle name
18:Claro Recto
3894:Categories
3867:Laurel Jr.
3843:Laurel Jr.
3749:M. Mendoza
3735:Calingasan
3699:Laurel Jr.
3691:Laurel Jr.
3630:E. Mendoza
3590:Villanueva
3509:F. Serrano
3362:President:
3316:President:
3268:President:
3000:Pangilinan
2844:1935–1936
2527:August 29,
2473:August 29,
2469:. Bookrags
2447:October 5,
2421:October 5,
2266:uslaw.link
2194:9712339343
2029:References
1903:, laments:
1770:Caucasians
1602:newspapers
1432:Ambassador
1086:newspapers
870:Alma mater
856:(grandson)
759:1890-02-08
196:neutrality
128:newspapers
57:improve it
3855:1984–1986
3836:1943–1944
3823:Gutierrez
3811:1898–1899
3803:(defunct)
3706:Laurel IV
3695:Laurel IV
3614:Marasigan
3602:Francisco
3529:E. Ermita
3505:Tolentino
3475:Agoncillo
3275:José Yulo
3141:W. Tañada
3121:Fernandez
3106:L. Tañada
3043:Tolentino
2950:Tolentino
2940:Primicias
2930:Francisco
2385:Knowledge
1764:The U.S.
1632:July 2022
1572:talk page
1491:July 2022
1462:does not
1209:The 1931
1116:July 2022
1028:in 1969.
850:Relations
840:Spouse(s)
833:Democrata
731:In office
692:In office
622:In office
559:In office
548:In office
537:In office
497:In office
450:In office
396:In office
298:talk page
207:talk page
63:talk page
3872:H. Perez
3820:Aguilera
3817:M. Lopez
3801:At-large
3687:M. Kalaw
3681:Dimayuga
3677:C. Recto
3666:T. Kalaw
3637:Mandanas
3633:F. Perez
3626:H. Perez
3587:Agregado
3581:Caringal
3516:L. LĂłpez
3502:N. LĂłpez
3199:R. Recto
3194:(acting)
3181:Cayetano
3161:Guingona
3151:Gonzales
3023:Cayetano
3018:(acting)
2990:Pimentel
2960:Guingona
2391:June 12,
2115:April 6,
2074:April 6,
2017:See also
1914:country.
1788:Admiral
1673:pen name
1661:El Ideal
1149:Batangas
1004:Batangas
948:KALIBAPI
924:Batangas
861:Children
823:KALIBAPI
685:district
679:Batangas
631:Governor
423:New seat
335:In this
200:disputed
3753:Bolilia
3646:Luistro
3621:Leviste
3593:BuendĂa
3126:Padilla
3111:Padilla
3015:Honasan
2995:Legarda
2985:Legarda
2955:Mercado
2760:at the
1653:English
1649:Tagalog
1616:scholar
1483:removed
1468:sources
1303:of the
1272:in 1924
1100:scholar
980:Tayabas
801:, Italy
770:Tayabas
256:updated
142:scholar
3847:Malvar
3827:Flores
3786:Santos
3769:Mariño
3617:Cantos
3605:Orense
3584:BorbĂłn
3575:Orense
3549:Buhain
3489:Lontoc
3204:Drilon
3156:Maceda
3146:Angara
3116:Marcos
3101:Garcia
3033:Zubiri
3005:Zubiri
2975:Drilon
2965:Romulo
2935:Cabili
2925:Arranz
2915:Aquino
2910:Laurel
2905:Engage
2705:, 1990
2651:, 1982
2633:, 1946
2618:
2244:
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1988:Manila
1984:Manila
1977:Manila
1973:Manila
1959:Manila
1952:Manila
1945:Madrid
1941:Manila
1924:Family
1796:Legacy
1778:poison
1711:Mexico
1618:
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1203:, and
1102:
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778:Quezon
766:Tiaong
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115:
3744:Gozos
3670:Reyes
3611:Babao
3608:Muñoz
3599:Farol
3596:Abaya
3578:Caedo
3326:(won)
3294:(won)
3191:Sotto
3171:Sotto
3131:Roxas
3028:Sotto
3010:Sotto
2980:Tatad
2970:Tatad
2920:Recto
1736:Death
1715:Japan
1688:Spain
1623:JSTOR
1609:books
1107:JSTOR
1093:books
1024:from
996:Latin
677:from
356:Recto
149:JSTOR
135:books
3684:Mayo
2616:ISBN
2529:2007
2475:2007
2449:2023
2423:2023
2393:2022
2368:2015
2340:2013
2299:2023
2273:2023
2242:ISBN
2221:2023
2189:ISBN
2170:2023
2117:2019
2076:2019
1690:and
1663:and
1595:news
1466:any
1464:cite
1180:1931
1172:1925
1079:news
1000:Lipa
888:LL.M
799:Rome
789:Died
749:Born
350:Mayo
193:The
121:news
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