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mesenchymalization) could facilitate the dissemination of the tumor cells and make them resistant to anticancer therapies. Palena's laboratory has identified the T-box transcription factor brachyury—a molecule normally expressed in the embryo but absent in normal adult tissues—as a novel tumor antigen, a driver of mesenchymalization and drug resistance in human carcinoma cells, and a target for T-cell-mediated immunotherapy. Her studies have shown that brachyury is overexpressed in various human carcinomas, both in the primary tumor and in metastatic sites, and that high brachyury expression in the primary tumor site is associated with poor clinical outcome. The results of these investigations led to a team science effort—including her laboratory, scientists and clinicians from the intramural and extramural scientific communities, and collaborators in the private sector—that resulted in the translation of two brachyury-based cancer vaccines from preclinical stage into phase 1 and phase 2 clinical trials in patients with advanced carcinomas and the rare tumor chordoma.
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Palena's laboratory investigates the various signals that induce changes in tumor phenotype. They have demonstrated that brachyury overexpression induces the secretion of interleukin-8 (IL-8) and the expression of IL-8 receptors, and that IL-8 signaling is critical for maintaining the mesenchymal
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The main goal of her research is to address the two central features of metastatic disease: tumor dissemination and resistance to therapy. Her group is investigating how changes in the phenotype of a tumor between the epithelial and a mesenchymal-like state (a phenomenon called carcinoma
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Palena's current research is focused on the development of immunotherapeutic approaches aimed at targeting critical events in tumor progression with the ultimate goal of designing vaccine platforms and combinatorial therapies for the prevention and/or treatment of
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Palena became a staff scientist in 2008. In 2011, she was promoted to tenure-track investigator in 2011. Palena became a tenured senior investigator in 2017. She heads the
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and biology. Palena is active in the area of tumor immunology and
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This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
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This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the
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Palena received a B.S. and Ph.D. degree in biochemistry from the
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