265:, himself often described as the father of modern econometric history and Neo-historicals. The two were honoured "for having renewed research in economic history;" the Academy noted that "they were pioneers in the branch of economic history that has been called the 'new economic history,' or cliometrics." Fogel and North received the prize for turning the theoretical and statistical tools of modern economics on the historical past: on subjects ranging from slavery and railroads to ocean shipping and property rights. North was heralded as a pioneer in the "new" institutional history. In the Nobel announcement, specific mention was made of a 1968 paper on ocean shipping, in which North showed that organizational changes played a greater role in increasing productivity than did technological change. Fogel is especially noted for using careful empirical work to overturn
277:, the success of the cliometric revolution had as an unintended consequence the disappearance of economic historians from history departments. As economic historians started using the same tools as economists, they started to seem more like other economists. In Goldin's words, "the new economic historians extinguished the other side." The other side nearly disappeared altogether, with only a few remaining in history departments and business schools. However, some new economic historians did, in fact, begin research around this time, among them were Kemmerer and
187:
365:
and maximization as they operate in well-developed markets and do not apply to economies other than those of the capitalist West in the modern era. Instead, Boldizzoni argues that the workings of economies are determined by social, political, and cultural conditions specific to each society and time
272:
With that being said, the new economic history revolution is thought to have begun in the mid-1960s, where areas of key interest included transportation history, slavery, and agriculture. The discipline was resisted as many incumbent economic historians were either historians or economists who had
369:
On the other hand, Claude
Diebolt (2016) argued that cliometrics is mature and well accepted by scholars as an "indispensable tool" in economic history. He believes that most scholars agree that economic theory combined with new data as well as historical and statistical methods are necessary to
518:
The 'new economic history', sometimes called economic history or cliometrics, is not often practiced in Europe. However, it is fair to say that efforts to apply statistical and mathematical models currently occupy the centre of the stage in
American economic
423:
share the scientific ambition of using quantitative tools and historical data to test general historical principles. Both fields endeavor to gather large amounts of historical data across big samples. However, the two fields also differ in several ways.
218:. The book would cause a firestorm of controversy with its claim, based on statistical data, that slavery would not have ended in the absence of the U.S. Civil War, as the practice was economically efficient and highly profitable for slaveowners.
1087:
432:
and social network analysis are also frequently employed by cliodynamicists, but less often by cliometricians. Cliodynamicists also tend to include factors associated with ecological context and biological determinants in their models.
311:
There has been a revival in 'new economic history' since the late 1990s. The number of papers on economic history published in the top economics journals has increased in the last decades, comprising 6.6% of articles in the
386:(explaining) side or, much better, mixing both approaches for the achievement of a unified approach of the social sciences. At the applied level, cliometrics is accepted to measure variables and estimate parameters.
427:
Cliodynamics maintains a close relationship with the natural sciences, often employing dominant methods from the natural sciences such as differential-equation models, power-law relations, and agent-based models.
360:
summarized a common critique by arguing that cliometrics is based on the false assumption that the laws of neo-classical economics always apply to human activity. He considers that those laws are based on
1091:
1361:
559:
Among the most recent of the changes in emphasis-today's new history-is the rise of the "new economic history" or, as it is variously called, econometric history or cliometric.
407:
1343:
1313:
Martina Cioni, Giovanni
Federico, Michelangelo Vasta. 2019. "The long-term evolution of economic history: evidence from the top five field journals (1927–2017)."
2581:
2537:
636:
258:
1390:
1371:
971:
370:
formulate problems precisely, to draw conclusions from postulates, and to gain insight into complex processes so as to close the gap between
1268:
533:
1585:
1508:
338:
1198:
2606:
1121:
616:
581:
332:
2019:
320:
571:
2611:
2200:
1989:
1979:
1672:
462:
2139:
2112:
915:
716:
313:
2566:
2547:
2124:
1969:
1935:
1920:
1899:
1894:
679:
326:
246:
2541:
2117:
1807:
1797:
1687:
2571:
2517:
2260:
2215:
2054:
1925:
1802:
1427:
644:
442:
429:
286:
2275:
1475:
2225:
2059:
2049:
2039:
2029:
1767:
1757:
1717:
1707:
1580:
1501:
492:
305:
1305:
2616:
2395:
2240:
2100:
2043:
1999:
1962:
1712:
1652:
1627:
1597:
1570:
467:
234:
2210:
814:
273:
very little connection to economic modeling or statistical techniques. According to cliometric economist
2527:
2185:
2170:
2144:
2083:
1762:
1702:
1682:
1677:
886:
169:
1287:
828:
324:
for the period 2004-2014. Today, cliometric approaches are standard in several journals, including the
2576:
2280:
2024:
1994:
1947:
1910:
1836:
1787:
1752:
1692:
1657:
1592:
1575:
531:
Woodman, Harold (1972). "Economic
History and Economic Theory: The New Economic History in America".
452:
357:
262:
173:
2506:
2315:
2175:
2134:
2034:
2014:
1974:
1930:
1915:
1871:
1812:
1737:
1727:
1697:
1620:
266:
2561:
2532:
2490:
2295:
2004:
1984:
1952:
1866:
1861:
1841:
1792:
1732:
1722:
1667:
1662:
1494:
1466:
1436:
1337:
1069:
1061:
1019:
1011:
940:
932:
859:
791:
783:
741:
733:
696:
550:
509:
402:
1330:
The
Revolution that Bit its Own Tail: How Economic History Changed our Ideas on Economic Growth
1312:
714:
Conrad, Alfred H.; Meyer, John R. (1958). "The
Economics of Slavery in the Ante Bellum South".
2425:
2400:
2350:
2310:
2190:
2078:
1881:
1817:
1782:
1772:
1642:
1409:
1386:
1367:
1251:
1247:
1194:
1117:
967:
851:
612:
577:
390:
251:
1170:
Diebolt, Claude (2012). "Where Are We Now in
Cliometrics? Kliometrie: wo stehen wir heute?".
2475:
2420:
2405:
2390:
2375:
2355:
2305:
2285:
2265:
2220:
1827:
1777:
1747:
1742:
1632:
1558:
1415:
1402:
1237:
1227:
1150:
1053:
1003:
924:
843:
775:
725:
688:
542:
501:
447:
398:
301:
211:
165:
98:
36:
2586:
2480:
2445:
2410:
2345:
2270:
2255:
2149:
2105:
1942:
1876:
1851:
1846:
1822:
1553:
1538:
1470:
913:
North, Douglass C. (1968). "Sources of
Productivity Change in Ocean Shipping, 1600-1850".
899:
878:
487:
394:
362:
160:
techniques, and other formal or mathematical methods to the study of history (especially
2500:
2485:
2450:
2435:
2415:
2385:
2235:
2205:
1856:
1565:
1533:
1037:
987:
759:
505:
282:
274:
241:
237:
194:
161:
1041:
991:
763:
2600:
2465:
2455:
2430:
2370:
2365:
2360:
2340:
2330:
2300:
2290:
2195:
2095:
2068:
1832:
1191:
A History of Money and
Banking in the United States: The Colonial Era to World War II
1073:
1023:
960:
944:
863:
795:
745:
700:
215:
2495:
2440:
2335:
2325:
2320:
2245:
2090:
1615:
1543:
457:
420:
290:
1282:
308:, a group to encourage and further the study of cliometrics, was founded in 1983.
186:
1383:
Reflections on the
Cliometrics Revolution: Conversations with Economic Historians
813:
The Sveriges Riksbank Prize in Economic Sciences in Memory of Alfred Nobel 1993,
587:
257:
North, a professor at Washington University in St. Louis, would go on to win the
2470:
2460:
2250:
2129:
2073:
1548:
1216:"The Evolution of Economic History since 1950: From Cliometrics to Cliodynamics"
344:
294:
177:
157:
2380:
2180:
1957:
1408:
Robert A. Margo (2018): "The Integration of Economic History into Economics",
1155:
1139:"Cliometrica after 10 years: definition and principles of cliometric research"
1138:
879:"A Cliometric Counterfactual: What if There Had Been Neither Fogel nor North?"
847:
829:"A cliometric counterfactual: what if there had been neither Fogel nor North?"
692:
278:
855:
2230:
2160:
1607:
1525:
1517:
1242:
250:
in 1960. The Cliometrics Meetings also began to be held around this time at
27:
Application of econometrics and other formal methods to the study of history
1232:
1215:
285:, a leader of the cliometric revolution) from Illinois, Paul Uselding from
17:
2009:
183:
There has been a revival in 'new economic history' since the late 1990s.
1057:
1007:
779:
671:
1440:
1065:
1015:
936:
787:
737:
513:
490:(December 1966). "The New Economic History. Its Findings and Methods".
554:
1353:
Railroads and American Economic Growth: Essays in Econometric History
962:
Railroads and American Economic Growth: Essays in Econometric History
1381:
Lyons, John S.; Cain, Louis P.; Williamson, Samuel H., eds. (2008).
1419:
928:
729:
546:
1088:"Verleihung des Helmut-Schmidt-Preises 2009 an Richard Hugh Tilly"
185:
230:
226:
190:
1490:
110:
1481:
637:"The Long Economic and Political Shadow of History, Volume 1"
1486:
122:
113:
66:
57:
54:
48:
1363:
Time on the Cross: The Economics of American Negro Slavery
134:
78:
1425:
North, Douglas (1965). "The State of Economic History".
1366:(Reissue ed.). New York: W. W. Norton and Company.
1463:
300:
Cliometrics was introduced in the 1970s to Germany by
1450:
The Rise of the Western World: a New Economic History
140:
137:
104:
101:
84:
81:
42:
39:
1360:
Fogel, Robert William; Engerman, Stanley L. (1995).
966:(1st ed.). The Johns Hopkins University Press.
617:"Remembering the Father of Transportation Economics"
254:
and are still held annually in different locations.
156:, is the systematic application of economic theory,
131:
125:
107:
75:
69:
45:
2516:
2158:
1892:
1641:
1606:
1524:
408:
A History of Money and Banking in the United States
119:
116:
63:
60:
1300:The Poverty of Clio: Resurrecting Economic History
1114:The Poverty of Clio: Resurrecting Economic History
959:
206:The new economic history originated in 1958 with
877:Diebolt, Claude; Haupert, Michael (2017-01-01).
827:Diebolt, Claude; Haupert, Michael (2017-10-28).
208:The Economics of Slavery in the Antebellum South
240:in 1960. Cliometrics became better known when
1502:
672:"Economics and the Modern Economic Historian"
244:and William Parker became the editors of the
8:
809:
807:
805:
172:approach to economic history (as opposed to
1324:, 2nd Edition, Springer Nature, 1768 pages.
415:Distinguishing cliometrics and cliodynamics
128:
72:
51:
1509:
1495:
1487:
1342:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (
1241:
1231:
1154:
608:
606:
604:
259:Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences
1448:North, Douglas; Thomas, Robert (1973).
479:
1335:
1320:Diebolt, C.; Haupert, M. Eds. (2019).
895:
884:
401:, can be found in his Introduction to
382:(understanding) side to the economic
7:
1399:Newsletter of the Cliometric Society
1046:The Journal of Economic Perspectives
996:The Journal of Economic Perspectives
768:The Journal of Economic Perspectives
665:
663:
661:
631:
629:
534:Journal of Interdisciplinary History
233:of history—was originally coined by
1586:Agent-based computational economics
1482:Association Française de Cliométrie
356:Cliometrics has had sharp critics.
339:European Review of Economic History
304:, who had been educated in the US.
506:10.1111/j.1468-0289.1966.tb00994.x
393:, based on the perspective of the
25:
397:of economics, especially that of
2044:neoclassical–Keynesian synthesis
333:Explorations in Economic History
97:
35:
1414:, NBER Working Paper No. 23538
1397:Reprinted interviews from the
1298:Boldizzoni, Francesco (2011).
1193:. Ludwig von Mises Institute.
1116:. Princeton University Press.
1112:Boldizzoni, Francesco (2011).
378:: to move from the historical
321:Quarterly Journal of Economics
1:
1980:Critique of political economy
1452:. Cambridge University Press.
1302:. Princeton University Press.
623:(Economix), October 27, 2009.
463:Structural-demographic theory
318:and 10.8% of articles in the
1288:Resources in other libraries
916:Journal of Political Economy
717:Journal of Political Economy
643:. 2017-01-23. Archived from
1478:(archived 24 December 2012)
1042:"Cliometrics and the Nobel"
992:"Cliometrics and the Nobel"
764:"Cliometrics and the Nobel"
680:Journal of Economic History
327:Journal of Economic History
261:in October 1993 along with
247:Journal of Economic History
2633:
2118:Real business-cycle theory
1172:Historical Social Research
2558:
1283:Resources in your library
1189:Rothbard, Murray (2002).
1156:10.1007/s11698-015-0136-z
848:10.1007/s11698-017-0167-8
693:10.1017/S0022050715001667
2607:Economic history studies
1428:American Economic Review
1137:Diebolt, Claude (2016).
670:Abramitzky, Ran (2015).
443:Critical juncture theory
430:Evolutionary game theory
315:American Economic Review
1758:Industrial organization
1581:Computational economics
1328:Drukker, J. W. (2006).
1322:Handbook of Cliometrics
573:Handbook of Cliometrics
493:Economic History Review
210:by American economists
1963:Modern monetary theory
1628:Experimental economics
1598:Pluralism in economics
1571:Mathematical economics
1464:The Cliometric Society
1233:10.21789/24222704.1061
1214:Mejía, Javier (2015).
894:Cite journal requires
468:Anthropometric history
306:The Cliometric Society
235:mathematical economist
198:
1476:LSE Cliometrics Group
1220:Tiempo & Economia
372:Geisteswissenschaften
197:, oil on canvas, 1689
189:
150:new economic history'
148:), sometimes called '
2612:Econometric modeling
1837:Social choice theory
1593:Behavioral economics
1576:Complexity economics
453:Quantitative history
358:Francesco Boldizzoni
263:Robert William Fogel
225:—which derives from
154:econometric history'
1921:American (National)
1621:Economic statistics
1307:The Montreal Review
1058:10.1257/jep.9.2.191
1008:10.1257/jep.9.2.191
817:, October 12, 2003.
780:10.1257/jep.9.2.191
376:Naturwissenschaften
267:conventional wisdom
1469:2008-06-10 at the
1351:Fogel, R. (1964).
958:Fogel, R. (1964).
621:The New York Times
576:. Springer. 2016.
403:Murray N. Rothbard
293:from Indiana, and
199:
2594:
2593:
2125:New institutional
1392:978-0-415-70091-7
1373:978-0-393-31218-8
1269:Library resources
973:978-0-8018-0201-0
613:Edward L. Glaeser
391:Joseph T. Salerno
252:Purdue University
95:
16:(Redirected from
2624:
1798:Natural resource
1633:Economic history
1559:Mechanism design
1511:
1504:
1497:
1488:
1453:
1444:
1396:
1377:
1356:
1347:
1341:
1333:
1303:
1256:
1255:
1245:
1243:20.500.12010/733
1235:
1211:
1205:
1204:
1186:
1180:
1179:
1167:
1161:
1160:
1158:
1134:
1128:
1127:
1109:
1103:
1102:
1100:
1099:
1090:. Archived from
1084:
1078:
1077:
1034:
1028:
1027:
984:
978:
977:
965:
955:
949:
948:
910:
904:
903:
897:
892:
890:
882:
874:
868:
867:
833:
824:
818:
811:
800:
799:
756:
750:
749:
711:
705:
704:
687:(4): 1240–1251.
676:
667:
656:
655:
653:
652:
633:
624:
610:
599:
598:
596:
595:
586:. Archived from
568:
562:
561:
528:
522:
521:
484:
448:Economic history
419:Cliometrics and
399:Ludwig von Mises
389:A criticism by
302:Richard H. Tilly
212:Alfred H. Conrad
166:economic history
147:
146:
143:
142:
139:
136:
133:
130:
127:
124:
121:
118:
115:
112:
109:
106:
103:
93:
91:
90:
87:
86:
83:
80:
77:
74:
71:
68:
65:
62:
59:
56:
53:
50:
47:
44:
41:
21:
2632:
2631:
2627:
2626:
2625:
2623:
2622:
2621:
2597:
2596:
2595:
2590:
2587:Business portal
2554:
2553:
2552:
2512:
2276:von Böhm-Bawerk
2164:
2163:
2154:
1926:Ancient thought
1904:
1903:
1897:
1888:
1887:
1886:
1637:
1602:
1554:Contract theory
1539:Decision theory
1520:
1515:
1471:Wayback Machine
1460:
1447:
1424:
1393:
1380:
1374:
1359:
1350:
1334:
1327:
1297:
1294:
1293:
1292:
1277:
1276:
1272:
1265:
1263:Further reading
1260:
1259:
1213:
1212:
1208:
1201:
1188:
1187:
1183:
1169:
1168:
1164:
1136:
1135:
1131:
1124:
1111:
1110:
1106:
1097:
1095:
1086:
1085:
1081:
1052:(2): 191–208 .
1040:(Spring 1995).
1038:Goldin, Claudia
1036:
1035:
1031:
1002:(2): 191–208 .
990:(Spring 1995).
988:Goldin, Claudia
986:
985:
981:
974:
957:
956:
952:
912:
911:
907:
893:
883:
876:
875:
871:
831:
826:
825:
821:
812:
803:
774:(2): 191–208 .
762:(Spring 1995).
760:Goldin, Claudia
758:
757:
753:
713:
712:
708:
674:
669:
668:
659:
650:
648:
635:
634:
627:
611:
602:
593:
591:
584:
570:
569:
565:
530:
529:
525:
486:
485:
481:
476:
439:
417:
395:Austrian School
363:rational choice
354:
297:from Stanford.
204:
100:
96:
38:
34:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2630:
2628:
2620:
2619:
2614:
2609:
2599:
2598:
2592:
2591:
2589:
2584:
2579:
2574:
2569:
2564:
2559:
2556:
2555:
2551:
2550:
2545:
2535:
2530:
2524:
2523:
2522:
2520:
2514:
2513:
2511:
2510:
2503:
2498:
2493:
2488:
2483:
2478:
2473:
2468:
2463:
2458:
2453:
2448:
2443:
2438:
2433:
2428:
2423:
2418:
2413:
2408:
2403:
2398:
2393:
2388:
2383:
2378:
2373:
2368:
2363:
2358:
2353:
2348:
2343:
2338:
2333:
2328:
2323:
2318:
2313:
2308:
2303:
2298:
2293:
2288:
2283:
2278:
2273:
2268:
2263:
2258:
2253:
2248:
2243:
2238:
2233:
2228:
2223:
2218:
2213:
2208:
2203:
2198:
2193:
2188:
2183:
2178:
2173:
2167:
2165:
2159:
2156:
2155:
2153:
2152:
2147:
2142:
2137:
2132:
2127:
2122:
2121:
2120:
2110:
2109:
2108:
2098:
2093:
2088:
2087:
2086:
2076:
2071:
2066:
2065:
2064:
2063:
2062:
2052:
2047:
2032:
2027:
2022:
2017:
2012:
2007:
2002:
1997:
1992:
1990:Disequilibrium
1987:
1982:
1977:
1972:
1967:
1966:
1965:
1955:
1950:
1945:
1940:
1939:
1938:
1928:
1923:
1918:
1913:
1907:
1905:
1893:
1890:
1889:
1885:
1884:
1879:
1874:
1869:
1864:
1859:
1854:
1849:
1844:
1839:
1830:
1825:
1820:
1815:
1810:
1805:
1803:Organizational
1800:
1795:
1790:
1785:
1780:
1775:
1770:
1765:
1760:
1755:
1750:
1745:
1740:
1735:
1730:
1725:
1720:
1715:
1710:
1705:
1700:
1695:
1690:
1685:
1680:
1675:
1670:
1665:
1660:
1655:
1649:
1648:
1647:
1645:
1639:
1638:
1636:
1635:
1630:
1625:
1624:
1623:
1612:
1610:
1604:
1603:
1601:
1600:
1595:
1590:
1589:
1588:
1578:
1573:
1568:
1566:Macroeconomics
1563:
1562:
1561:
1556:
1551:
1546:
1541:
1534:Microeconomics
1530:
1528:
1522:
1521:
1516:
1514:
1513:
1506:
1499:
1491:
1485:
1484:
1479:
1473:
1459:
1458:External links
1456:
1455:
1454:
1445:
1435:(1–2): 86–91.
1422:
1420:10.3386/w23538
1406:
1391:
1378:
1372:
1357:
1348:
1325:
1318:
1310:
1291:
1290:
1285:
1279:
1278:
1267:
1266:
1264:
1261:
1258:
1257:
1206:
1200:978-0945466338
1199:
1181:
1162:
1129:
1122:
1104:
1079:
1029:
979:
972:
950:
929:10.1086/259462
923:(5): 953–970.
905:
896:|journal=
869:
842:(3): 407–434.
819:
801:
751:
730:10.1086/258020
706:
657:
625:
600:
582:
563:
547:10.2307/202334
541:(2): 323–350.
523:
500:(3): 642–656.
478:
477:
475:
472:
471:
470:
465:
460:
455:
450:
445:
438:
435:
416:
413:
353:
350:
283:Albert Fishlow
281:(a student of
275:Claudia Goldin
242:Douglass North
238:Stanley Reiter
229:, who was the
203:
200:
195:Pierre Mignard
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2629:
2618:
2617:Historiometry
2615:
2613:
2610:
2608:
2605:
2604:
2602:
2588:
2585:
2583:
2580:
2578:
2575:
2573:
2570:
2568:
2565:
2563:
2560:
2557:
2549:
2546:
2543:
2539:
2536:
2534:
2531:
2529:
2526:
2525:
2521:
2519:
2515:
2509:
2508:
2504:
2502:
2499:
2497:
2494:
2492:
2489:
2487:
2484:
2482:
2479:
2477:
2474:
2472:
2469:
2467:
2464:
2462:
2459:
2457:
2454:
2452:
2449:
2447:
2444:
2442:
2439:
2437:
2434:
2432:
2429:
2427:
2424:
2422:
2419:
2417:
2414:
2412:
2409:
2407:
2404:
2402:
2399:
2397:
2394:
2392:
2389:
2387:
2384:
2382:
2379:
2377:
2374:
2372:
2369:
2367:
2364:
2362:
2359:
2357:
2354:
2352:
2349:
2347:
2344:
2342:
2339:
2337:
2334:
2332:
2329:
2327:
2324:
2322:
2319:
2317:
2314:
2312:
2309:
2307:
2304:
2302:
2299:
2297:
2294:
2292:
2289:
2287:
2284:
2282:
2279:
2277:
2274:
2272:
2269:
2267:
2264:
2262:
2259:
2257:
2254:
2252:
2249:
2247:
2244:
2242:
2239:
2237:
2234:
2232:
2229:
2227:
2224:
2222:
2219:
2217:
2214:
2212:
2209:
2207:
2204:
2202:
2199:
2197:
2194:
2192:
2189:
2187:
2184:
2182:
2179:
2177:
2174:
2172:
2171:de Mandeville
2169:
2168:
2166:
2162:
2157:
2151:
2148:
2146:
2143:
2141:
2138:
2136:
2133:
2131:
2128:
2126:
2123:
2119:
2116:
2115:
2114:
2113:New classical
2111:
2107:
2104:
2103:
2102:
2099:
2097:
2094:
2092:
2089:
2085:
2082:
2081:
2080:
2077:
2075:
2072:
2070:
2069:Malthusianism
2067:
2061:
2058:
2057:
2056:
2053:
2051:
2048:
2045:
2041:
2038:
2037:
2036:
2033:
2031:
2030:Institutional
2028:
2026:
2023:
2021:
2018:
2016:
2013:
2011:
2008:
2006:
2003:
2001:
1998:
1996:
1993:
1991:
1988:
1986:
1983:
1981:
1978:
1976:
1973:
1971:
1968:
1964:
1961:
1960:
1959:
1956:
1954:
1951:
1949:
1946:
1944:
1941:
1937:
1934:
1933:
1932:
1929:
1927:
1924:
1922:
1919:
1917:
1914:
1912:
1909:
1908:
1906:
1901:
1896:
1891:
1883:
1880:
1878:
1875:
1873:
1870:
1868:
1865:
1863:
1860:
1858:
1855:
1853:
1850:
1848:
1845:
1843:
1840:
1838:
1834:
1833:Public choice
1831:
1829:
1826:
1824:
1821:
1819:
1816:
1814:
1811:
1809:
1808:Participation
1806:
1804:
1801:
1799:
1796:
1794:
1791:
1789:
1786:
1784:
1781:
1779:
1776:
1774:
1771:
1769:
1768:Institutional
1766:
1764:
1761:
1759:
1756:
1754:
1751:
1749:
1746:
1744:
1741:
1739:
1736:
1734:
1731:
1729:
1726:
1724:
1721:
1719:
1718:Expeditionary
1716:
1714:
1711:
1709:
1708:Environmental
1706:
1704:
1701:
1699:
1696:
1694:
1691:
1689:
1686:
1684:
1681:
1679:
1676:
1674:
1671:
1669:
1666:
1664:
1661:
1659:
1656:
1654:
1651:
1650:
1646:
1644:
1640:
1634:
1631:
1629:
1626:
1622:
1619:
1618:
1617:
1614:
1613:
1611:
1609:
1605:
1599:
1596:
1594:
1591:
1587:
1584:
1583:
1582:
1579:
1577:
1574:
1572:
1569:
1567:
1564:
1560:
1557:
1555:
1552:
1550:
1547:
1545:
1542:
1540:
1537:
1536:
1535:
1532:
1531:
1529:
1527:
1523:
1519:
1512:
1507:
1505:
1500:
1498:
1493:
1492:
1489:
1483:
1480:
1477:
1474:
1472:
1468:
1465:
1462:
1461:
1457:
1451:
1446:
1442:
1438:
1434:
1430:
1429:
1423:
1421:
1417:
1413:
1412:
1407:
1404:
1400:
1394:
1388:
1385:. Routledge.
1384:
1379:
1375:
1369:
1365:
1364:
1358:
1354:
1349:
1345:
1339:
1331:
1326:
1323:
1319:
1317:
1316:
1311:
1309:
1308:
1301:
1296:
1295:
1289:
1286:
1284:
1281:
1280:
1275:
1270:
1262:
1253:
1249:
1244:
1239:
1234:
1229:
1226:(2): 79–103.
1225:
1221:
1217:
1210:
1207:
1202:
1196:
1192:
1185:
1182:
1178:(4): 309–326.
1177:
1173:
1166:
1163:
1157:
1152:
1148:
1144:
1140:
1133:
1130:
1125:
1123:9780691144009
1119:
1115:
1108:
1105:
1094:on 2013-10-29
1093:
1089:
1083:
1080:
1075:
1071:
1067:
1063:
1059:
1055:
1051:
1047:
1043:
1039:
1033:
1030:
1025:
1021:
1017:
1013:
1009:
1005:
1001:
997:
993:
989:
983:
980:
975:
969:
964:
963:
954:
951:
946:
942:
938:
934:
930:
926:
922:
918:
917:
909:
906:
901:
888:
880:
873:
870:
865:
861:
857:
853:
849:
845:
841:
837:
830:
823:
820:
816:
815:Press Release
810:
808:
806:
802:
797:
793:
789:
785:
781:
777:
773:
769:
765:
761:
755:
752:
747:
743:
739:
735:
731:
727:
724:(2): 95–130.
723:
719:
718:
710:
707:
702:
698:
694:
690:
686:
682:
681:
673:
666:
664:
662:
658:
647:on 2020-01-01
646:
642:
638:
632:
630:
626:
622:
618:
614:
609:
607:
605:
601:
590:on 2019-04-16
589:
585:
583:9783642404054
579:
575:
574:
567:
564:
560:
556:
552:
548:
544:
540:
536:
535:
527:
524:
520:
515:
511:
507:
503:
499:
495:
494:
489:
488:Fogel, Robert
483:
480:
473:
469:
466:
464:
461:
459:
456:
454:
451:
449:
446:
444:
441:
440:
436:
434:
431:
425:
422:
414:
412:
410:
409:
404:
400:
396:
392:
387:
385:
381:
377:
373:
367:
364:
359:
351:
349:
347:
346:
341:
340:
335:
334:
329:
328:
323:
322:
317:
316:
309:
307:
303:
298:
296:
292:
288:
287:Johns Hopkins
284:
280:
276:
270:
268:
264:
260:
255:
253:
249:
248:
243:
239:
236:
232:
228:
224:
219:
217:
216:John R. Meyer
213:
209:
201:
196:
192:
188:
184:
181:
179:
175:
171:
167:
163:
159:
155:
151:
145:
89:
32:
19:
2582:Publications
2538:Publications
2505:
2101:Neoclassical
2091:Mercantilism
2000:Evolutionary
1862:Sociological
1835: /
1733:Geographical
1713:Evolutionary
1688:Digitization
1653:Agricultural
1616:Econometrics
1544:Price theory
1449:
1432:
1426:
1410:
1398:
1382:
1362:
1352:
1332:. Amsterdam.
1329:
1321:
1314:
1306:
1299:
1273:
1223:
1219:
1209:
1190:
1184:
1175:
1171:
1165:
1146:
1142:
1132:
1113:
1107:
1096:. Retrieved
1092:the original
1082:
1049:
1045:
1032:
999:
995:
982:
961:
953:
920:
914:
908:
887:cite journal
872:
839:
835:
822:
771:
767:
754:
721:
715:
709:
684:
678:
649:. Retrieved
645:the original
640:
620:
592:. Retrieved
588:the original
572:
566:
558:
538:
532:
526:
517:
497:
491:
482:
458:Cliodynamics
426:
421:cliodynamics
418:
406:
388:
383:
379:
375:
371:
368:
355:
343:
337:
331:
325:
319:
314:
310:
299:
291:Jeremy Atack
271:
256:
245:
222:
220:
207:
205:
182:
178:ethnographic
170:quantitative
153:
149:
30:
29:
2376:von Neumann
2145:Supply-side
2130:Physiocracy
2074:Marginalism
1763:Information
1703:Engineering
1683:Development
1678:Demographic
1549:Game theory
1526:Theoretical
1411:Cliometrica
1315:Cliometrica
1304:Excerpt in
1274:Cliometrics
1143:Cliometrica
836:Cliometrica
345:Cliometrica
295:Thomas Ulen
223:cliometrics
174:qualitative
168:). It is a
158:econometric
31:Cliometrics
2601:Categories
2533:Economists
2406:Schumacher
2311:Schumpeter
2281:von Wieser
2201:von Thünen
2161:Economists
2060:Circuitism
2025:Humanistic
2020:Historical
1995:Ecological
1985:Democratic
1958:Chartalism
1948:Behavioral
1911:Mainstream
1872:Statistics
1867:Solidarity
1788:Managerial
1753:Humanistic
1748:Historical
1693:Ecological
1658:Behavioral
1098:2013-06-22
651:2017-03-08
594:2015-09-30
474:References
279:Larry Neal
18:Cliometric
2451:Greenspan
2416:Samuelson
2396:Galbraith
2366:Tinbergen
2306:von Mises
2301:Heckscher
2261:Edgeworth
2140:Stockholm
2135:Socialist
2035:Keynesian
2015:Happiness
1975:Classical
1936:Mutualism
1931:Anarchist
1916:Heterodox
1813:Personnel
1773:Knowledge
1738:Happiness
1728:Financial
1698:Education
1673:Democracy
1608:Empirical
1518:Economics
1338:cite book
1074:155075681
1024:155075681
945:153985679
864:157074858
856:1863-2505
796:155075681
746:154825201
701:149483837
641:VoxEU.org
380:verstehen
221:The term
2562:Category
2542:journals
2528:Glossary
2481:Stiglitz
2446:Rothbard
2426:Buchanan
2411:Friedman
2401:Koopmans
2391:Leontief
2371:Robinson
2256:Marshall
2106:Lausanne
2010:Georgism
2005:Feminist
1953:Buddhist
1943:Austrian
1842:Regional
1818:Planning
1793:Monetary
1723:Feminist
1668:Cultural
1663:Business
1467:Archived
1403:excerpts
519:history.
437:See also
384:erklären
366:period.
2577:Outline
2548:Schools
2540: (
2501:Piketty
2496:Krugman
2361:Kuznets
2351:Kalecki
2326:Polanyi
2216:Cournot
2211:Bastiat
2196:Ricardo
2186:Malthus
2176:Quesnay
2079:Marxian
1970:Chicago
1900:history
1895:Schools
1882:Welfare
1852:Service
1643:Applied
1441:1816246
1252:2708321
1149:: 1–4.
1066:2138173
1016:2138173
937:1830031
788:2138173
738:1827270
514:2593168
352:Critics
202:History
2486:Thaler
2466:Ostrom
2461:Becker
2456:Sowell
2436:Baumol
2341:Myrdal
2336:Sraffa
2331:Frisch
2321:Knight
2316:Keynes
2291:Fisher
2286:Veblen
2271:Pareto
2251:Menger
2246:George
2241:Jevons
2236:Walras
2226:Gossen
2150:Thermo
1828:Public
1823:Policy
1778:Labour
1743:Health
1439:
1389:
1370:
1271:about
1250:
1197:
1120:
1072:
1064:
1022:
1014:
970:
943:
935:
862:
854:
794:
786:
744:
736:
699:
580:
555:202334
553:
512:
342:, and
336:, the
162:social
2572:Lists
2567:Index
2518:Lists
2491:Hoppe
2476:Lucas
2441:Solow
2431:Arrow
2421:Simon
2386:Lange
2381:Hicks
2356:Röpke
2346:Hayek
2296:Pigou
2266:Clark
2181:Smith
2096:Mixed
2055:Post-
1877:Urban
1857:Socio
1847:Rural
1437:JSTOR
1070:S2CID
1062:JSTOR
1020:S2CID
1012:JSTOR
941:S2CID
933:JSTOR
860:S2CID
832:(PDF)
792:S2CID
784:JSTOR
742:S2CID
734:JSTOR
697:S2CID
675:(PDF)
551:JSTOR
510:JSTOR
2507:more
2231:Marx
2221:Mill
2206:List
2084:Neo-
2040:Neo-
1387:ISBN
1368:ISBN
1344:link
1248:SSRN
1195:ISBN
1118:ISBN
968:ISBN
900:help
852:ISSN
578:ISBN
374:and
231:muse
227:Clio
214:and
191:Clio
164:and
152:or '
94:also
2471:Sen
2191:Say
2050:New
1783:Law
1416:doi
1238:hdl
1228:doi
1151:doi
1054:doi
1004:doi
925:doi
844:doi
776:doi
726:doi
689:doi
543:doi
502:doi
405:'s
193:by
180:).
176:or
2603::
1433:55
1431:.
1340:}}
1336:{{
1246:.
1236:.
1222:.
1218:.
1176:37
1174:.
1147:10
1145:.
1141:.
1068:.
1060:.
1048:.
1044:.
1018:.
1010:.
998:.
994:.
939:.
931:.
921:76
919:.
891::
889:}}
885:{{
858:.
850:.
840:12
838:.
834:.
804:^
790:.
782:.
770:.
766:.
740:.
732:.
722:66
720:.
695:.
685:75
683:.
677:.
660:^
639:.
628:^
619:,
615:,
603:^
557:.
549:.
537:.
516:.
508:.
498:19
496:.
411:.
348:.
330:,
289:,
269:.
114:oʊ
111:iː
92:,
55:oʊ
49:aɪ
2544:)
2046:)
2042:(
1902:)
1898:(
1510:e
1503:t
1496:v
1443:.
1418::
1405:)
1401:(
1395:.
1376:.
1355:.
1346:)
1254:.
1240::
1230::
1224:2
1203:.
1159:.
1153::
1126:.
1101:.
1076:.
1056::
1050:9
1026:.
1006::
1000:9
976:.
947:.
927::
902:)
898:(
881:.
866:.
846::
798:.
778::
772:9
748:.
728::
703:.
691::
654:.
597:.
545::
539:3
504::
144:/
141:s
138:k
135:ɪ
132:r
129:.
126:t
123:ɛ
120:m
117:ˈ
108:l
105:k
102:ˌ
99:/
88:/
85:s
82:k
79:ɪ
76:r
73:.
70:t
67:ɛ
64:m
61:ˈ
58:ə
52:.
46:l
43:k
40:ˌ
37:/
33:(
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
