105:. Indeed, in the early 13th century perhaps the bulk of executive action ran via instructions from Chancery to local sheriffs, and was recorded in the Rolls. Over time, however, as new document series emerged, the scope of the Close Rolls narrowed; and after 1533 their contents consisted solely of copies of private deeds and awards of enclosure, and the like.
108:
Until that point, however, the Close Rolls contained a mine of information about late medieval
England. Setting aside political and military matters, or the regulation of commerce or of the Angevin Jewry, the origins of representation and parliament can, for example, be followed in the "twelve of
522:
101:) made up the earliest contents of the Close Rolls; but the latter soon came to contain much wider matter, exchequer-related material being hived off after 1226 in separate
190:
The published texts and calendars from 1227 to 1509 have been made available online in a fully searchable form on a "premium" (subscription) section of the digital library
183:
169:. A "supplementary" volume of additional material for the years 1244–66 appeared in 1975. The post-1272 rolls have not been published as full texts but in
244:
Calendar of the patent and close rolls of chancery in
Ireland, of the reigns of Henry VIII., Edward VI., Mary, and Elizabeth ... / Edited by James Morrin
109:
the better and more discreet men" of
Bristol summoned by King John in 1211, as well as in Close Rolls copies of letters of summons of barons to
507:
407:
304:
85:, though the actual practice may reach back to 1200, or even before. Copies of the texts of the letters were written on sheets of
195:
465:
113:. Culturally, a royal gift of a scarlet cloak to a man about to become a knight sheds possible light on the origins of the
517:
512:
502:
78:
54:
227:
228:"A Law Dictionary and Glossary: Containing Full Definitions of the Principal Terms of the Common and Civil Law"
191:
110:
173:
form (i.e. as comprehensive
English summaries, with all significant details included), under the title
177:: 47 volumes appeared between 1900 and 1963, covering the years 1272 to 1509. Those for the reign of
158:
121:
for the decoration of his treasures, as purchased through the Close Rolls, reveals the extent of his
118:
102:
170:
146:
46:
38:
133:
The Close Rolls for the years 1204 to 1227 were published as abbreviated Latin texts (in a near-
471:
403:
300:
142:
114:
150:
166:
122:
74:
50:
258:
242:
42:
30:
181:(1509–47) have not been independently published, but are incorporated into the series
496:
82:
58:
138:
17:
161:
between 1902 and 1938, with extended Latin texts, in fourteen volumes entitled
292:
207:
178:
89:, which were stitched together into long rolls to form a roll for each year.
134:
98:
86:
62:
73:
The first surviving Close Roll was started in 1204 (in the reign of King
97:
Copies of royal grants of land or money (further transcribed to the
259:"Close Rolls, - National Library of Wales Archives and Manuscripts"
230:. New York: Baker, Voorhis & Co. – via Google Books.
402:(Reprint ed.). Woodbridge: D. S. Brewer. p. 76.
157:. Those for the years 1227 to 1272 were published by the
155:
Rotuli
Litterarum Clausarum in Turri Londinensi asservati
523:
Collection of the
National Archives (United Kingdom)
37:) are an administrative record created in medieval
57:, in order to preserve a central record of all
184:Letters and Papers of the Reign of Henry VIII
8:
466:Calendars of Close Rolls at Internet Archive
400:A Dictionary of Medieval Terms & Phrases
435:Poole, A. L. "William Henry Stevenson", in
453:The Chief Sources of English Legal History
61:issued by the chancery in the name of the
490:Medieval English administrative documents
455:(Cambridge, Mass. 1925), pp. 103–144
373:The English Jewry under the Angevin Kings
297:A Companion to Medieval England 1066–1485
137:of the manuscripts, employing a special "
439:, 1922–1930 (Oxford, 1937), pp. 811–812
218:
274:
272:
424:The Cambridge Medieval History Vol VI
386:The Cambridge Medieval History Vol VI
7:
334:A New Dictionary of British History
280:The Medieval Foundations of England
247:. Printed by Alex Thom for H.M.S.O.
426:(Cambridge 1929) p. 801 and p. 264
16:For the snare drum technique, see
14:
241:Morrin, James (24 January 1861).
165:, of which eleven were edited by
149:, in 1833 and 1844, in two large
437:Dictionary of National Biography
196:Institute of Historical Research
117:; while the detailed concern of
299:. Stroud: Tempus. p. 116.
226:Burrill, Alexander M. (1859).
1:
508:Medieval documents of England
398:Coredon, Christopher (2007).
360:The Medieval English Sheriff
347:The Medieval English Sheriff
321:The Medieval English Sheriff
539:
15:
472:"Calendar of Close Rolls"
474:. British History Online
362:(Manchester 1968) p. 154
349:(Manchester 1968) p. 152
323:(Manchester 1968) p. 143
263:archifau.llyfrgell.cymru
485:(subscription required)
388:(Cambridge 1929) p. 229
375:(London 1960) pp. 176–7
187:(published 1862–1932).
175:Calendar of Close Rolls
192:British History Online
34:
518:Medieval manuscripts
513:Medieval English law
282:(London 1967) p. 291
159:Public Record Office
422:Tanner, J. R. ed.,
384:Tanner, J. R. ed.,
336:(London 1963) p. 75
194:(co-managed by the
115:Knights of the Bath
371:Richardson, H. G.
93:Nature of contents
503:Legal manuscripts
409:978-1-84384-138-8
332:Steinberg, S. H.
153:volumes entitled
143:Record Commission
530:
486:
483:
481:
479:
451:Winfield, P. H.
440:
433:
427:
420:
414:
413:
395:
389:
382:
376:
369:
363:
356:
350:
343:
337:
330:
324:
317:
311:
310:
289:
283:
276:
267:
266:
255:
249:
248:
238:
232:
231:
223:
538:
537:
533:
532:
531:
529:
528:
527:
493:
492:
491:
484:
477:
475:
470:
462:
448:
446:Further reading
443:
434:
430:
421:
417:
410:
397:
396:
392:
383:
379:
370:
366:
357:
353:
344:
340:
331:
327:
318:
314:
307:
291:
290:
286:
277:
270:
257:
256:
252:
240:
239:
235:
225:
224:
220:
216:
204:
167:W. H. Stevenson
141:" font) by the
131:
123:connoisseurship
95:
71:
51:Channel Islands
21:
12:
11:
5:
536:
534:
526:
525:
520:
515:
510:
505:
495:
494:
489:
488:
487:
468:
461:
460:External links
458:
457:
456:
447:
444:
442:
441:
428:
415:
408:
390:
377:
364:
358:Morris, W. A.
351:
345:Morris, W. A.
338:
325:
319:Morris, W. A.
312:
305:
284:
278:Sayles, G. O.
268:
250:
233:
217:
215:
212:
211:
210:
203:
200:
130:
127:
103:Liberate Rolls
94:
91:
79:Chancellorship
70:
67:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
535:
524:
521:
519:
516:
514:
511:
509:
506:
504:
501:
500:
498:
473:
469:
467:
464:
463:
459:
454:
450:
449:
445:
438:
432:
429:
425:
419:
416:
411:
405:
401:
394:
391:
387:
381:
378:
374:
368:
365:
361:
355:
352:
348:
342:
339:
335:
329:
326:
322:
316:
313:
308:
306:0-7524-2969-8
302:
298:
294:
288:
285:
281:
275:
273:
269:
264:
260:
254:
251:
246:
245:
237:
234:
229:
222:
219:
213:
209:
206:
205:
201:
199:
197:
193:
188:
186:
185:
180:
176:
172:
168:
164:
160:
156:
152:
148:
144:
140:
136:
128:
126:
124:
120:
116:
112:
106:
104:
100:
92:
90:
88:
84:
83:Hubert Walter
80:
77:), under the
76:
68:
66:
64:
60:
59:letters close
56:
53:by the royal
52:
48:
44:
40:
36:
35:Rotuli clausi
32:
28:
23:
19:
476:. Retrieved
452:
436:
431:
423:
418:
399:
393:
385:
380:
372:
367:
359:
354:
346:
341:
333:
328:
320:
315:
296:
287:
279:
262:
253:
243:
236:
221:
189:
182:
174:
162:
154:
145:, edited by
132:
107:
96:
72:
26:
24:
22:
293:Saul, Nigel
163:Close Rolls
147:T. D. Hardy
139:record type
129:Publication
27:Close Rolls
18:Closed roll
497:Categories
478:15 January
208:Pipe Rolls
179:Henry VIII
111:Parliament
214:Citations
135:facsimile
119:Henry III
99:Exchequer
87:parchment
295:(2000).
202:See also
171:calendar
55:chancery
49:and the
69:History
47:Ireland
39:England
406:
303:
151:folio
63:Crown
43:Wales
31:Latin
480:2013
404:ISBN
301:ISBN
75:John
25:The
198:).
81:of
499::
271:^
261:.
125:.
65:.
45:,
41:,
33::
482:.
412:.
309:.
265:.
29:(
20:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.