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253:, is considered to be the progenitor of the American Cocker Spaniel. Obo was born in 1879, when registration as a cocker was still only by size and not by ancestry. He was the son of a Sussex Spaniel and a Field Spaniel. Although Obo was an English dog, Obo II was born on American shores – his mother was shipped to the United States while pregnant. During his lifetime, Obo II was claimed in advertisements to be the sire or grandsire of nearly every prize-winning cocker in America.
262:
218:
122:. In the United States, the English Cocker was recognized as separate from the native breed in 1946; in the UK, the American type was recognized as a separate breed in 1970. In addition, a second strain of English Cocker Spaniel, a working strain, is not bred to a standard, but to working ability. Both breeds share similar coat colors and health issues with a few exceptions.
397:
American Cocker
Spaniels were recognized by the AKC in 1878. Generally smaller than the English, separate classes were created for the two types in America in 1935 and the Cocker Spaniel Club of America discouraged breeding between the two types in 1938. The American Cocker Spaniel was recognized as
374:
Physical differences exist between the show strain and working strain in the UK. While the show strain is bred to the conformation standard, the working strain is bred for working ability, and as such, several physical differences have appeared. Working-type dogs tend to be larger with flatter heads
308:
In its native United States, the
American Cocker Spaniel was ranked the 23rd-most popular breed according to registration statistics of the AKC in 2009, a decrease in popularity since 1999, when it was ranked 13th. For 25 years, the American Cocker Spaniel was the most popular dog in America. It was
401:
The
American Cocker Spaniel was bred smaller, as American woodcocks are smaller than their European relatives, and the breed's appearance changed slightly during the first part of the 20th century, as the preference by American breeders was for a more stylish appearance. The standard size according
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Rare colours can appear unexpectedly in certain lines, for instance while an all-white cocker is usually bred by selective breeding of very light golden strains, they can still appear very uncommonly to parents that are dark-colored. A noted occurrence of this happened in 1943, when a grandson of
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became the most popular dogs. It regained the spot in 1983 and held on at number one until 1990. In the UK, the
American Cocker Spaniel is far less popular than its English relative, with 322 registrations compared to the English Cocker's 22,211 in 2009.
370:
with 40,943. In third place was the
English Springer Spaniel with 12,700. The English Cocker's popularity has increased steadily since 1999 in the United States when they were ranked 76th in registrations by the AKC, to 2009 when they were ranked 66th.
229:, which remains a smaller breed of spaniel. This maximum weight limit remained on the Cocker Spaniel until 1900, with larger dogs being classed as Springer Spaniels. The colors of the Devonshire and Welsh Cockers were described by
405:
At the
Westminster Kennel Club Dog Show, the most prestigious dog show in the United States, the American Cocker Spaniel has won Best in Show on four occasions since its first award in 1907. The most successful breed is the
402:
to the AKC is between 14.5 and 15.5 inches (37 and 39 cm) at the withers for males and 13.5–14.5 inches (34–37 cm) for females. The weight of the breed is typically between 24 and 30 pounds (11 and 14 kg).
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occur in a variety of colors, including black, liver, red, and golden in solids. Also, black and tan, and sometimes liver and tan are known, as well as a variety of color mixtures of those solid colors including
248:
Two dogs are thought to be the foundation sires of both modern breeds of cocker spaniels. Ch. Obo is considered by breed enthusiasts to be the father of the modern
English Cocker Spaniel, while his son, Ch.
273:, to use their sense of smell to cover low areas near the handler to flush birds into the air to be shot, and to use their eyes and nose to locate the bird once downed, and then to retrieve the bird with a
206:. While no Sussex Cockers or Clumber Cockers existed, some dogs were known as Welsh Cockers and Devonshire Cockers. The Welsh or Devonshire were considered cockers until 1903, when they were recognized by
225:
Prior to the 1870s, the only requirement for a dog to be classed as a Cocker
Spaniel was that it needed to weigh less than 25 pounds (11 kg), although breeders separated the cocker from the
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on six occasions between 1930–1950. They are the second most popular dog breed in the UK according to statistics released by the KC with 22,211 registrations in 2009, beaten only by the
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introduces them as "Another kind of hound there is that be called hounds for the hawk and spaniels, for their kind cometh from Spain, notwithstanding that there are many in other countries."
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and shorter ears. The coat also tends to be shorter and finer than the show variety and have less feathering. The working strain seems to be more energetic than the show strain.
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with 13 wins. The
American Cocker Spaniel is judged in three separate breed classes under AKC rules; "black", "parti-color", and "any solid color other than black..." (ASCOB).
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987:
362:, with seven best-in-show wins since the prize was first awarded in 1928. This was mostly due to the success of dog breeder H.S. Lloyd's Ware Kennel, dogs of which won
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that the "Land
Spaniel" is divided into two types: the hawking, springing/springer and the cocking/cocker spaniel. The term "cocker" came from the dog's use in hunting
106:. The "cocking" or "cocker spaniel" was a type of field or land spaniel in the 19th century. Prior to 1901, Cocker Spaniels were only separated from
855:
277:. The major differences between the English and American varieties is that the American is smaller with a shorter back, a domed head, and a shorter
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ranked number one first in 1936 prior to the English Cocker Spaniel being recognized as a separate breed, and held onto the spot until 1952, when
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190:. During the 19th century, a "cocker spaniel" was a type of small Field Spaniel; at the time, this term referred to a number of different
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a separate breed by the KC in the UK in 1970. The American Cocker Spaniel is referred to as the Cocker Spaniel within the United States.
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While their origins are unknown, "spaynels" are mentioned in 14th-century writings. They are commonly assumed to have originated in
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in 1873, efforts were made by breeders to record the pedigrees of cockers and springers. In 1892, English Cocker Spaniels and
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by weight. Two dogs are considered to be the foundation sires of both modern breeds, the English variety are descended from
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The Dogs Of Great Britain, America, And Other Countries. Their Breeding, Training, and Management in Health and Disease
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95:. Further physical changes were bred into the cocker in the United States during the early part of the 20th century.
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as being a deeper shade of liver than that of the Sussex Spaniel. Following the formation of The Kennel Club in the
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The two breeds of cocker spaniel are the English Cocker Spaniel and the American Cocker Spaniel. They were bred as
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in their countries of origin. In the early 20th century, Cocker Spaniels also included small hunting spaniels.
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A drawing of English and Welsh Cockers, from John Henry Walsh's (under the pseudonym "Stonehenge") 1859 work
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The size of the English Cocker Spaniel according to the KC is 15.5–16.0 inches (39–41 cm) at the
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1100:. Complete Pet Owner's Manual (2nd ed.). Hauppauge, New York: Barron's Educational Series.
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The English Cocker Spaniel is the most successful breed at the most popular dog show in the UK,
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A graph showing the height and shape difference between the American and English Cocker Spaniel
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Called simply Cocker Spaniel in the UK, this is the breed that was originally recognized by
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The Howell Book of Dogs: The Definitive Reference to 300 Breeds and Varieties
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for males, and 15.0–15.5 inches (38–39 cm) for females. The weight of a
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344:(AKC) recognized the English Cocker Spaniel as a separate breed in 1946.
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895:"Top Twenty Breeds in Registration Order for the Years 2008 and 2009"
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988:"Westminster Dog Show 2010 Results : Best in Show Results"
79:, with the term "cocker" deriving from their use to hunt the
686:. Hauppauge, New York: Barron's Educational Series. p.
75:
Cocker Spaniels were originally bred as hunting dogs in the
1042:. Westminster Kennel Club. 16 February 2010. Archived from
958:. Hoboken, New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons. p. 206.
238:
118:
Obo, while the American breed descends from Obo's son, Ch.
76:
1175:
580:"Dusting Off History to Look at Cocker Hunting Tradition"
505:(2nd ed.). Ames, Iowa: Wiley-Blackwell. p. 32.
1123:(2nd ed.). Hoboken, New Jersey: Howell Book House.
784:"Quarterly Registration Statistics for the Gundog Group"
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were recognized as separate breeds by The Kennel Club.
98:
Spaniels were first mentioned in the 14th century by
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332:A golden English Cocker Spaniel of the show strain
486:Gun Dogs - Their Training, Working and Management
821:. The Kennel Club. December 2008. Archived from
91:, which enabled it to specialize in hunting the
715:"White Cocker: "Brucie" grandson is rare color"
488:. London: Seeley, Service & Co. p. 89.
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8:
813:
811:
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502:The Dog: Its Behavior, Nutrition, and Health
355:dog should be 28–32 pounds (13–15 kg).
1167:Cocker Spaniels Ear Cleaning Cocker Spaniel
673:
671:
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665:
549:"The Cocker Spaniel: Fine Feathered Friend"
543:
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233:under the pseudonym Stonehenge in his book
221:Champion American Cocker Spaniel Ch. Obo II
68:, both of which are commonly called simply
1198:
1184:
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873:. London: Pelham Books. pp. 198–200.
393:A recently groomed American Cocker Spaniel
1016:. Westminster Kennel Club. Archived from
847:"10 things you didn't know about Crufts"
762:"AKC Registration Statistics Fact Sheet"
627:
625:
551:. Dog & Kennel. 1999. Archived from
53:are dogs belonging to two breeds of the
440:
163:translation of an earlier 14th century
1119:Cocker Spaniel: Your Happy Healthy Pet
929:. American Kennel Club. Archived from
305:in 1940 and 1941, was born all-white.
986:Del Rosario, Ron (17 February 2010).
927:"AKC Meet the Breeds: Cocker Spaniel"
7:
990:. The Daily Inquirer. Archived from
717:. Life. 13 December 1943. p. 40
83:. When the breed was brought to the
1456:Nova Scotia Duck Tolling Retriever
25:
900:. The Kennel Club. Archived from
819:"Spaniel (Cocker) Breed Standard"
789:. The Kennel Club. Archived from
740:"AKC Dog Registration Statistics"
582:. Spaniel Journal. Archived from
858:from the original on 2022-01-12.
532:. New York: Orange Judd Company.
303:Westminster Kennel Club Dog Show
1075:. London: Longmans & Green.
844:Hogan, Michael (7 March 2019).
631:
616:
1089:. London: Chatto & Windus.
952:Palika, Liz (31 August 2007).
194:hunting breeds, including the
1:
1378:Slovakian Roughhaired Pointer
1072:The Dog in Health and Disease
565:
471:
459:
447:
235:The Dog in Health and Disease
136:The Dog in Health and Disease
87:, it was bred to a different
1040:"2010 Breed Judging Results"
871:Crufts: The Official History
682:Training Your Cocker Spaniel
604:
1408:Wirehaired Pointing Griffon
1081:Edward, Second Duke of York
1678:
1323:Irish Red and White Setter
1308:German Shorthaired Pointer
1303:German Roughhaired Pointer
1069:Walsh, John Henry (1887).
526:Walsh, John Henry (1906).
382:
321:
1313:German Wirehaired Pointer
1298:German Longhaired Pointer
243:English Springer Spaniels
149:in his 15th-century work
100:Gaston III, Count of Foix
1494:English Springer Spaniel
1431:Chesapeake Bay Retriever
678:Riggsbee, Nikki (2008).
169:Gaston III of Foix-BĂ©arn
147:Edward, 2nd Duke of York
1474:American Cocker Spaniel
1149:American Cocker Spaniel
869:Jackson, Frank (1990).
650:. American Spaniel Club
499:Case, Linda P. (2005).
385:American Cocker Spaniel
379:American Cocker Spaniel
62:American Cocker Spaniel
1547:American Water Spaniel
1529:Welsh Springer Spaniel
1489:English Cocker Spaniel
1436:Curly-coated Retriever
1158:English Cocker Spaniel
1094:Sucher, Jamie (1999).
1014:"Best-in-show Winners"
764:. American Kennel Club
742:. American Kennel Club
394:
333:
324:English Cocker Spaniel
318:English Cocker Spaniel
301:, Best in Show at the
266:
222:
212:Welsh Springer Spaniel
184:Cynographia Britannica
138:
66:English Cocker Spaniel
47:
36:English Cocker Spaniel
1611:English Water Spaniel
1441:Flat-coated Retriever
1248:Braque du Bourbonnais
392:
331:
264:
220:
133:
33:
1577:Portuguese Water Dog
1557:Cantabrian Water Dog
1514:Pont-Audemer Spaniel
1258:Braque Saint-Germain
1233:Blue Picardy Spaniel
1115:Palika, Liz (2009).
702:cocker spaniel 1946.
484:Smith, A.C. (1932).
342:American Kennel Club
227:King Charles Spaniel
1626:Tweed Water Spaniel
1621:Old Spanish Pointer
1562:Irish Water Spaniel
1383:Small Münsterländer
1373:Saint-Usuge Spaniel
1333:Large Münsterländer
1283:Drentse Patrijshond
994:on 20 February 2010
933:on 25 February 2010
586:on 15 February 2010
578:Kolehouse, Bobbie.
1451:Labrador Retriever
1363:Portuguese Pointer
1353:Perdigueiro Galego
1338:Old Danish Pointer
1086:The Master of Game
796:on 2 December 2008
645:"Obo II Stud Card"
425:List of dog breeds
395:
368:Labrador Retriever
340:(KC) in 1892. The
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267:
223:
157:The Master of Game
152:The Master of Game
139:
48:
1634:
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1582:Spanish Water Dog
1567:Lagotto Romagnolo
1413:Wirehaired Vizsla
1243:Braque d'Auvergne
1130:978-0-470-39060-3
1107:978-0-7641-1034-4
965:978-0-470-00921-5
697:978-0-7641-4035-8
512:978-0-8138-1254-0
112:Springer Spaniels
93:American woodcock
81:Eurasian woodcock
44:conformation show
16:(Redirected from
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1446:Golden Retriever
1388:Spinone Italiano
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231:John Henry Walsh
180:Sydenham Edwards
102:in his work the
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1484:Clumber Spaniel
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1348:Picardy Spaniel
1273:Ca Mè MallorquĂ
1253:Braque Français
1238:Bracco Italiano
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208:The Kennel Club
204:Clumber Spaniel
196:Norfolk Spaniel
173:Livre de Chasse
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104:Livre de Chasse
51:Cocker Spaniels
34:An orange roan
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159:was mostly an
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1657:Hunting dogs
1606:Braque Dupuy
1368:Pudelpointer
1328:Irish Setter
1278:Cesky Fousek
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1062:Bibliography
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472:York (1909)
460:York (1909)
420:Dogs portal
40:docked tail
1641:Categories
1587:Wetterhoun
1539:Water dogs
1423:Retrievers
1403:Weimaraner
431:References
275:soft mouth
165:Old French
1647:Dog types
1393:Stabyhoun
436:Footnotes
188:woodcocks
182:wrote in
178:In 1801,
171:entitled
1662:Spaniels
1466:Spaniels
1263:Brittany
1215:Pointers
1083:(1909).
1050:25 April
1024:25 April
998:25 April
971:25 April
937:25 April
911:26 April
856:Archived
829:24 April
800:26 April
768:26 April
746:26 April
721:25 April
654:26 April
607:: p. 109
590:26 April
474:: p. xii
462:: p. 119
414:See also
271:gun dogs
167:work by
89:standard
64:and the
58:dog type
27:Dog type
1652:Gundogs
1597:Extinct
1358:Pointer
1220:setters
1207:Gundogs
634:: p. 21
619:: p. 19
349:withers
311:Beagles
210:as the
192:spaniel
161:English
126:History
55:spaniel
1599:breeds
1572:Poodle
1552:Barbet
1398:Vizsla
1171:Curlie
1162:Curlie
1153:Curlie
1127:
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568:: p. 8
509:
450:: p. 7
360:Crufts
279:muzzle
251:Obo II
202:, and
145:, and
120:Obo II
60:: the
905:(PDF)
898:(PDF)
794:(PDF)
787:(PDF)
648:(PDF)
291:roans
286:coats
143:Spain
42:at a
38:with
1218:and
1125:ISBN
1102:ISBN
1052:2010
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875:ISBN
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692:ISBN
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592:2010
507:ISBN
353:show
110:and
1169:at
1160:at
1151:at
116:Ch.
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