1628:, recording of single nerve cells in animals, and coordination of eye and head movements. Experimental psychology was also significant in the foundation of cognitive neuroscience. Some particularly important results were the demonstration that some tasks are accomplished via discrete processing stages, the study of attention, and the notion that behavioural data do not provide enough information by themselves to explain mental processes. As a result, some experimental psychologists began to investigate neural bases of behaviour. Wilder Penfield created maps of primary sensory and motor areas of the brain by stimulating the cortices of patients during surgery. The work of
1313:
43:
1544:. These cases, which suggested that lesions caused specific behavioral changes, strongly supported the localizationist view. Additionally, Aphasia is a learning disorder which was also discovered by Paul Broca. According to, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Aphasia is a language disorder caused by damage in a specific area of the brain that controls language expression and comprehension. This can often lead to the person speaking words with no sense known as "word salad"
713:
1408:
1445:
frequently by that person. This theory gained significant public attention, leading to the publication of phrenology journals and the creation of phrenometers, which measured the bumps on a human subject's head. While phrenology remained a fixture at fairs and carnivals, it did not enjoy wide acceptance within the scientific community. The major criticism of phrenology is that researchers were not able to test theories empirically.
6595:
5241:
6621:
6608:
116:
1525:. This was mostly achieved by studying the effects of injuries to different parts of the brain on psychological functions. In 1861, French neurologist Paul Broca came across a man with a disability who was able to understand the language but unable to speak. The man could only produce the sound "tan". It was later discovered that the man had damage to an area of his left frontal lobe now known as
3845:
1731:
neuroscience. (Neuroscience was not established as a unified discipline until 1971). In the late 1970s, neuroscientist
Michael S. Gazzaniga and cognitive psychologist George A. Miller were said to have first coined the term "cognitive neuroscience." In the very late 20th century new technologies evolved that are now the mainstay of the methodology of cognitive neuroscience, including
1665:, an Italian psychologist of the 19th century, had monitored the pulsations of the adult brain through neurosurgically created bony defects in the skulls of patients. He noted that when the subjects engaged in tasks such as mathematical calculations the pulsations of the brain increased locally. Such observations led Mosso to conclude that blood flow of the brain followed function.
5253:
1125:
2061:
1113:
4799:
2075:
1101:
658:
1783:
1596:
was a key figure with his stimulus-response approach. By conducting experiments on animals he was aiming to be able to predict and control behavior. Behaviorism eventually failed because it could not provide realistic psychology of human action and thought – it focused primarily on stimulus-response
1265:
constitute an important aspect of cognitive neuroscience. The damages in lesioned brains provide a comparable starting point on regards to healthy and fully functioning brains. These damages change the neural circuits in the brain and cause it to malfunction during basic cognitive processes, such as
1902:
Recently the focus of research had expanded from the localization of brain area(s) for specific functions in the adult brain using a single technology. Studies have been diverging in several different directions: exploring the interactions between different brain areas, using multiple technologies
1615:
that could entirely stain several cells in a particular area, leading him to believe that neurons were directly connected with each other in one cytoplasm. Cajal challenged this view after staining areas of the brain that had less myelin and discovering that neurons were discrete cells. Cajal also
1560:
published their findings of the behavior of animals. Hitzig and
Fritsch ran an electric current through the cerebral cortex of a dog, causing different muscles to contract depending on which areas of the brain were electrically stimulated. This led to the proposition that individual functions are
1470:
and tonic movements of muscle during their seizures, leading
Jackson to believe that they must be caused by activity in the same place in the brain every time. Jackson proposed that specific functions were localized to specific areas of the brain, which was critical to future understanding of the
1331:
Although the task of cognitive neuroscience is to describe the neural mechanisms associated with the mind, historically it has progressed by investigating how a certain area of the brain supports a given mental faculty. However, early efforts to subdivide the brain proved to be problematic. The
1444:
believed that the human brain was localized into approximately 35 different sections. In his book, The
Anatomy and Physiology of the Nervous System in General, and of the Brain in Particular, Gall claimed that a larger bump in one of these areas meant that that area of the brain was used more
1369:
Philosophers have always been interested in the mind: "the idea that explaining a phenomenon involves understanding the mechanism responsible for it has deep roots in the
History of Philosophy from atomic theories in 5th century B.C. to its rebirth in the 17th and 18th century in the works of
1893:
were awarded the Brain Prize "for their multidisciplinary analysis of brain mechanisms that link learning to reward, which has far-reaching implications for the understanding of human behaviour, including disorders of decision-making in conditions such as gambling, drug addiction, compulsive
1730:
Before the 1980s, interaction between neuroscience and cognitive science was scarce. Cognitive neuroscience began to integrate the newly laid theoretical ground in cognitive science, that emerged between the 1950s and 1960s, with approaches in experimental psychology, neuropsychology and
1274:. People have learning disabilities and such damage, can be compared with how the healthy neural circuits are functioning, and possibly draw conclusions about the basis of the affected cognitive processes. Some examples of learning disabilities in the brain include places in
1332:
phrenologist movement failed to supply a scientific basis for its theories and has since been rejected. The aggregate field view, meaning that all areas of the brain participated in all behavior, was also rejected as a result of brain mapping, which began with
1453:
The localizationist view was concerned with mental abilities being localized to specific areas of the brain rather than on what the characteristics of the abilities were and how to measure them. Studies performed in Europe, such as those of
1850:"for their pioneering research on higher brain mechanisms underpinning such complex human functions as literacy, numeracy, motivated behaviour and social cognition, and for their efforts to understand cognitive and behavioural disorders".
1660:
by observing brain function. Although this is often thought of as a new method (most of the technology is relatively recent), the underlying principle goes back as far as 1878 when blood flow was first associated with brain function.
1718:. The term "psychology" had been waning in the 1950s and 1960s, causing the field to be referred to as "cognitive science". Behaviorists such as Miller began to focus on the representation of language rather than general behavior.
1616:
discovered that cells transmit electrical signals down the neuron in one direction only. Both Golgi and Cajal were awarded a Nobel Prize in
Physiology or Medicine in 1906 for this work on the neuron doctrine.
1360:
were major turning points in the creation of cognitive neuroscience as a field, bringing together ideas and techniques that enabled researchers to make more links between behavior and its neural substrates.
3232:
Code, Chris (2004). "Classic Cases: Ancient and Modern
Milestones in the Development of Neuropsychological Science". In Code, Chris; Joanette, Yves; Lecours, André Roch; Wallesch, Claus-W (eds.).
1907:
and associated data analysis methods have also made it possible to use highly naturalistic stimuli and tasks such as feature films depicting social interactions in cognitive neuroscience studies.
1722:
concluded that one should understand any cognitive process at three levels of analysis. These levels include computational, algorithmic/representational, and physical levels of analysis.
2891:
1636:
on split brain patients in the 1950s was also instrumental in the progress of the field. The term cognitive neuroscience itself was coined by
Gazzaniga and cognitive psychologist
1328:. There are several stages in these disciplines that have changed the way researchers approached their investigations and that led to the field becoming fully established.
5466:
5323:
1509:
functioned together as a whole. His approach has been criticised on the basis that the tests were not sensitive enough to notice selective deficits had they been present.
5291:
1156:
3563:
1779:
attempts to consolidate data in databases, and form unified descriptive models from various fields and scales: biology, psychology, anatomy, and clinical practice.
1184:. It addresses the questions of how cognitive activities are affected or controlled by neural circuits in the brain. Cognitive neuroscience is a branch of both
3580:
1227:
play the most vital role, since the main point is to establish an understanding of cognition from a neural perspective, along with the different lobes of the
5161:
1847:
688:
1691:
1540:, and could not understand spoken or written language. This patient had a lesion in the area where the left parietal and temporal lobes meet, now known as
1370:
Galileo, Descartes, and Boyle. Among others, it's
Descartes' idea that machines humans build could work as models of scientific explanation." For example,
1565:
was also an important figure in brain mapping; his experiments based on Franz Nissl's tissue staining techniques divided the brain into fifty-two areas.
1039:
3523:
6167:
1054:
6455:
6057:
3938:
398:
2899:
2498:
Hatfield, Gary (June 2002). "Psychology, Philosophy, and
Cognitive Science: Reflections on the History and Philosophy of Experimental Psychology".
3029:
1597:
associations at the expense of explaining phenomena like thought and imagination. This led to what is often termed as the "cognitive revolution".
1493:(brain) in rabbits and pigeons affected their sense of muscular coordination, and that all cognitive functions were disrupted in pigeons when the
3543:
2945:
4633:
4542:
4033:
625:
3558:
3518:
6027:
5947:
5922:
5801:
5681:
5284:
3287:
3249:
3222:
3194:
3175:
2404:
2229:
2227:
2225:
2223:
2221:
2008:
1928:
1867:
1683:
1649:
1345:
1149:
2845:
6147:
5355:
3633:
3602:
3484:
1290:
64:
5927:
5852:
5779:
5755:
5703:
4470:
4101:
6172:
3553:
1489:, a French experimental psychologist, challenged the localizationist view by using animal experiments. He discovered that removing the
712:
6587:
6539:
5558:
5311:
4096:
3590:
3465:
3355:
2924:
729:
3548:
1390:, an anatomist and physician, was the first to believe that the brain and the nervous system are the center of the mind and emotion.
1064:
1059:
5967:
5141:
3330:
3309:
2139:
2028:
1732:
1611:
In the early 20th century, Santiago RamĂłn y Cajal and Camillo Golgi began working on the structure of the neuron. Golgi developed a
1074:
86:
1382:
in the second century AD, who declared that the brain was the source of mental activity, although this has also been accredited to
6600:
6207:
5992:
5784:
5277:
4522:
2273:
Fritsch, G.; Hitzig, E. (June 2009). "Electric excitability of the cerebrum (Ăśber die elektrische Erregbarkeit des Grosshirns)".
1859:
1142:
774:
681:
605:
31:
2970:
6648:
6202:
6182:
5895:
5640:
5348:
5343:
5316:
6460:
6375:
5905:
6420:
6082:
5475:
5412:
4517:
3968:
981:
600:
428:
5454:
6532:
6217:
6197:
6134:
5585:
5395:
4982:
4547:
4430:
3732:
2129:
1812:
769:
630:
197:
5136:
6380:
6152:
5972:
5595:
5563:
5471:
4957:
4557:
4179:
3538:
1748:
1653:
1341:
1029:
640:
553:
1584:
At the start of the 20th century, attitudes in America were characterized by pragmatism, which led to a preference for
1293:. This shows brain development over time, analyzing differences and concocting possible reasons for those differences.
6626:
6192:
5427:
5176:
2827:
1084:
1034:
674:
2774:
Miller (1956). "The magical number seven plus or minus two: Some limits on our capacity for processing information".
57:
51:
1561:
localized to specific areas of the brain rather than the cerebrum as a whole, as the aggregate field view suggests.
1386:. However, Galen believed that personality and emotion were not generated by the brain, but rather by other organs.
6087:
5957:
5937:
5716:
5461:
4703:
4626:
4380:
3678:
1756:
1297:
1217:
146:
5987:
3503:
2922:
ARTMAP: Supervised real-time learning and classification of nonstationary data by a self-organizing neural network
1866:
in Neuroscience "for the discovery of specialized brain networks for memory and cognition" and O'Keefe shared the
6507:
6478:
6365:
6279:
6187:
6162:
5952:
5728:
5171:
5146:
5015:
4512:
4504:
4134:
3868:
3744:
1816:
1791:
1719:
1044:
739:
595:
586:
508:
328:
209:
4595:
2247:
1759:
which uses light absorption to calculate changes in oxy- and deoxyhemoglobin in cortical areas. In some animals
68:
6400:
6284:
6157:
5977:
5910:
5772:
5745:
5600:
5375:
5338:
5110:
5085:
5010:
4917:
4822:
4718:
3754:
3722:
3658:
3626:
3279:
Gallistel, R. (2009). "Memory and the Computational Brain: Why Cognitive Science will Transform Neuroscience."
2114:
1776:
1679:
1625:
1375:
1201:
734:
219:
189:
4575:
5257:
1394:, a major contributing field to cognitive neuroscience, emerged from philosophical reasoning about the mind.
1316:
Timeline showing major developments in science that led to the emergence of the field cognitive neuroscience.
6564:
6405:
6271:
6097:
6077:
6067:
5882:
5862:
5733:
5721:
5711:
5568:
5300:
4947:
4658:
4653:
4537:
4144:
4066:
3824:
3789:
3774:
3769:
3759:
3708:
3212:
3060:
Hasson, Uri; et al. (2004). "Intersubject Synchronization of Cortical Activity During Natural Vision".
2109:
1904:
1243:
1193:
1021:
620:
518:
289:
254:
239:
234:
224:
175:
135:
2233:
Kosslyn, S, M. & Andersen, R, A. (1992). Frontiers in cognitive neuroscience. Cambridge, MA: MIT press.
1903:
and approaches to understand brain functions, and using computational approaches. Advances in non-invasive
1890:
6522:
6517:
6492:
6440:
6435:
6267:
6258:
6253:
6222:
6114:
5900:
5837:
5590:
5509:
4942:
4842:
4723:
4678:
4552:
4355:
4194:
4071:
4051:
3998:
3908:
3863:
3834:
3809:
3739:
3693:
3585:
2783:
2119:
2018:
2013:
1744:
1687:
1637:
1517:
Perhaps the first serious attempts to localize mental functions to specific locations in the brain was by
1455:
1205:
916:
779:
635:
568:
458:
368:
323:
299:
274:
204:
160:
4585:
2555:
6549:
6512:
6319:
6314:
6289:
6017:
5997:
5847:
5767:
5740:
5671:
5439:
5245:
5005:
5000:
4807:
4698:
4619:
4580:
4532:
4527:
4212:
4154:
4106:
3933:
3898:
3873:
3764:
3653:
2134:
1824:
1760:
1079:
1049:
615:
610:
528:
393:
358:
333:
229:
130:
125:
6410:
3036:
2713:
Kastner, Sabine; Ungerleider, Leslie G. (2000). "Mechanisms of visual attention in the human cortex".
6502:
6309:
6294:
6262:
6249:
6110:
6022:
5890:
5857:
5832:
5686:
5650:
5544:
5514:
5333:
5226:
4977:
4817:
4788:
4683:
4139:
4076:
3978:
3888:
3718:
3703:
3069:
2756:
2099:
2023:
1657:
1629:
1579:
1357:
1301:
1239:
1197:
986:
886:
513:
438:
348:
185:
170:
2949:
2788:
1983:
1483:
According to the aggregate field view, all areas of the brain participate in every mental function.
1289:
Also, cognitive abilities based on brain development are studied and examined under the subfield of
6569:
6334:
6119:
6037:
5578:
5522:
5449:
5120:
5020:
4897:
4867:
4852:
3983:
3973:
3958:
3923:
3918:
3903:
3883:
3878:
3749:
3688:
3619:
3466:
https://web.archive.org/web/20090805111859/http://www.sfn.org/index.cfm?pagename=about_SfN#timeline
3204:
2650:
2124:
1828:
1820:
1494:
1255:
821:
443:
433:
418:
383:
378:
363:
343:
338:
214:
155:
6620:
6607:
1536:, found a patient who could speak fluently but non-sensibly. The patient had been the victim of a
6527:
6370:
6360:
6329:
6124:
6072:
5982:
5932:
5791:
5750:
5666:
5573:
5553:
5407:
5385:
5380:
5196:
5090:
5030:
4753:
4733:
4450:
4330:
4164:
4111:
4023:
4018:
3953:
3893:
3853:
3779:
3093:
2809:
2738:
2632:
2480:
2437:
2346:
2298:
2154:
2104:
2033:
1839:
1562:
1383:
1349:
1251:
841:
538:
483:
478:
413:
353:
314:
244:
1541:
1275:
3599:
1312:
6613:
6390:
6385:
6299:
6101:
5842:
5809:
5676:
5537:
5485:
5444:
5422:
5390:
5115:
5050:
5025:
4877:
4837:
4475:
4465:
4390:
4365:
4046:
4003:
3928:
3829:
3814:
3698:
3663:
3449:
3444:
3419:
3409:
3394:
3351:
3326:
3314:
3305:
3293:
3283:
3269:
3245:
3218:
3190:
3171:
3144:
3085:
2801:
2730:
2695:
2624:
2472:
2455:
Smith, C.U.M. (January 2013). "Cardiocentric Neurophysiology: The Persistence of a Delusion".
2400:
2338:
2290:
2094:
2080:
2066:
1835:
1808:
1633:
1624:
Several findings in the 20th century continued to advance the field, such as the discovery of
1612:
1437:
1247:
1209:
1117:
1105:
991:
951:
911:
662:
463:
388:
294:
279:
165:
3498:
3459:
3434:
3399:
3379:
3345:
5819:
5760:
5691:
5549:
5492:
5156:
5040:
4967:
4882:
4763:
4713:
4485:
4480:
4345:
4340:
4240:
4061:
4008:
3963:
3948:
3943:
3819:
3794:
3454:
3439:
3429:
3424:
3404:
3237:
3134:
3124:
3077:
2793:
2722:
2685:
2677:
2616:
2507:
2464:
2429:
2330:
2282:
1978:
1768:
1764:
1707:
1703:
1387:
906:
826:
468:
423:
408:
403:
284:
259:
3375:
The Cognitive Neuroscience of Memory By Amanda Parker, Edward L. Wilding, Timothy J. Bussey
2984:
2921:
1747:(1968). Occasionally cognitive neuroscientists utilize other brain imaging methods such as
1407:
1378:. It has been suggested that the first person to believe otherwise was the Roman physician
6559:
6450:
6415:
6324:
6212:
6106:
6062:
6042:
5915:
5631:
5610:
5365:
5216:
5211:
5206:
5201:
5095:
5035:
4972:
4887:
4847:
4832:
4783:
4773:
4728:
4455:
4420:
4360:
4310:
3799:
3606:
3280:
3208:
2928:
2089:
2045:
1943:
1882:
1871:
1606:
1498:
1486:
1441:
1353:
1228:
1129:
966:
956:
926:
896:
856:
816:
764:
704:
264:
1526:
1283:
3594:
3569:
AgliotiLAB - Social and Cognitive Neuroscience Laboratory founded in 2003 in Rome, Italy
3073:
17:
6052:
6032:
5942:
5635:
5527:
5402:
5181:
5151:
5080:
5055:
5045:
4892:
4872:
4862:
4748:
4668:
4495:
4415:
4410:
4375:
4350:
4320:
4315:
4300:
4295:
4275:
4270:
4250:
4041:
3529:
goCognitive - Educational Tools for Cognitive Neuroscience (including video interviews)
3471:
3385:
Cambridge Handbook of Thinking and Reasoning By Keith James Holyoak, Robert G. Morrison
3139:
3112:
2690:
2665:
2144:
1855:
1843:
1804:
1593:
1557:
1337:
1181:
996:
946:
921:
4570:
6642:
6554:
6497:
6487:
6047:
5867:
5827:
5823:
5814:
5657:
5626:
5615:
5605:
5532:
5434:
5328:
5105:
5100:
5065:
4962:
4952:
4912:
4758:
4693:
4688:
4400:
4385:
4370:
4325:
4290:
4255:
4235:
4225:
4220:
4199:
4159:
4091:
3993:
3988:
3322:
3301:
2441:
2350:
2149:
1998:
1933:
1851:
1711:
1553:
1522:
1429:
1279:
1235:
1180:, with a specific focus on the neural connections in the brain which are involved in
1069:
1004:
961:
881:
811:
573:
533:
453:
448:
4600:
4590:
3370:
Principles of neural science By Eric R. Kandel, James H. Schwartz, Thomas M. Jessell
3097:
2813:
2742:
2636:
2484:
2302:
1878:"for their discoveries of cells that constitute a positioning system in the brain".
6344:
5645:
5622:
5191:
5186:
5070:
4902:
4827:
4778:
4768:
4743:
4738:
4708:
4642:
4445:
4440:
4435:
4405:
4395:
4335:
4305:
4285:
4184:
4081:
3784:
3668:
2856:
Society for Neuroscience. Date of the first meeting of the Society for Neuroscience
2726:
2579:
2159:
2003:
1953:
1911:
1875:
1772:
1699:
1695:
1662:
1459:
1321:
1320:
Cognitive neuroscience is an interdisciplinary area of study that has emerged from
1213:
1185:
976:
941:
936:
901:
759:
558:
249:
3365:
Handbook of Functional Neuroimaging of Cognition By Roberto Cabeza, Alan Kingstone
3414:
3389:
3384:
3374:
3369:
3364:
3263:
2681:
2468:
2365:
6483:
6395:
6339:
6177:
5962:
5661:
5480:
5060:
4907:
4490:
4280:
4265:
4230:
4086:
4013:
3713:
2286:
1886:
1863:
1585:
1533:
1472:
1234:
Methods employed in cognitive neuroscience include experimental procedures from
971:
931:
754:
473:
180:
115:
3111:
Pama, E. A. Claudia; Colzato, Lorenza S.; Hommel, Bernhard (6 September 2013).
2604:
2433:
2334:
2201:
6430:
6425:
6142:
5877:
5417:
5221:
4922:
4425:
4260:
4056:
3913:
3804:
3642:
2866:
2056:
1973:
1938:
1589:
1518:
1502:
1490:
1425:
1419:
1391:
1325:
1189:
891:
846:
373:
269:
107:
3129:
3003:
6092:
5166:
4857:
4460:
4245:
4149:
3455:
Neurological Basis of Learning, Development and Discovery By Anton E. Lawson
3241:
3081:
2511:
1923:
1506:
1432:
approach that claimed that behavior could be determined by the shape of the
1371:
1177:
806:
523:
3168:
Cognition, Brain, and Consciousness: Introduction to Cognitive Neuroscience
3148:
3089:
2805:
2734:
2699:
2628:
2476:
2342:
2294:
5269:
3844:
2580:"Wernicke area | Definition, Location, Function, & Facts | Britannica"
6544:
6304:
6009:
5075:
4174:
4169:
4129:
1963:
1958:
1948:
1463:
1271:
851:
831:
749:
548:
543:
503:
3420:
Proceedings of the Nineteenth Annual Conference of the Cognitive Science
6445:
3450:
General Factor of Intelligence By Robert J. Sternberg, Elena Grigorenko
2620:
1530:
1173:
861:
801:
3338:
Are You a Machine? The Brain, the Mind and What it Means to be Human.
2797:
2321:
Raichle, Marcus E. (2009). "A brief history of human brain mapping".
1968:
1537:
1467:
1333:
1267:
1262:
1224:
836:
2545:
Boring, E.G. (1957). A history of experimental psychology. New York.
4798:
1714:
commented on many of the findings at this meeting in his 1967 book
3113:"Optogenetics as a neuromodulation tool in cognitive neuroscience"
1910:
Another very recent trend in cognitive neuroscience is the use of
1782:
1781:
1752:
1433:
1406:
1379:
793:
2248:"Neurofeedback Training for Parkinsonian Tremor and Bradykinesia"
4189:
3445:
Cognition and Intelligence By Robert J. Sternberg, Jean E. Pretz
1736:
1656:, allowed researchers to investigate experimental strategies of
1466:. He discovered that the epileptic patients often made the same
1340:'s experiments and eventually developed through methods such as
1172:
is the scientific field that is concerned with the study of the
563:
5273:
4615:
4611:
3615:
3559:
John Jonides, a big role in Cognitive Neurosciences by Beebrite
3185:
Bear, Mark F.; Connors, Barry W.; Paradiso, Michael A. (2007).
1739:(1991). Earlier methods used in cognitive neuroscience include
3534:
CogNet, The Brain and Cognitive Sciences Community Online, MIT
3513:
3380:
Neuronal Theories of the Brain By Christof Koch, Joel L. Davis
2397:
Mind and Brain: A Critical Appraisal of Cognitive Neuroscience
1740:
36:
3611:
3528:
3405:
Development of Mental Processing By Andreas Demetriou, et al.
2920:
Carpenter, G.A., Grossberg, S., & Reynolds, J.H. (1991),
1914:
to explore circuit function and its behavioral consequences.
3524:
What Is Cognitive Neuroscience?, Jamie Ward/Psychology Press
3581:
Wikibook on cognitive psychology and cognitive neuroscience
2268:
2266:
3435:
Variation in Working Memory By Andrew R. A. Conway, et al.
3390:
Handbook of Mathematical Cognition By Jamie I. D. Campbell
2892:"Growth of Psychology as a Science - Origin of Psychology"
3568:
3544:
Cognitive Neuroscience and Philosophy, CUJCS, Spring 2002
3395:
Cognitive Psychology By Michael W. Eysenck, Mark T. Keane
2420:
Gross, Charles G. (July 1995). "Aristotle on the Brain".
1261:
Studies of patients with cognitive deficits due to brain
1223:
Parts of the brain play an important role in this field.
3533:
2366:"The Mechanistic Approach to Psychiatric Classification"
1374:
thought the brain was the body's cooling system and the
2187:
2185:
2048:, Danish neuroscientist and former university professor
3430:
Memory and Thinking By Robert H. Logie, K. J. Gilhooly
3410:
Memory and Thinking By Robert H. Logie, K. J. Gilhooly
1424:
One of the predecessors to cognitive neuroscience was
1458:, supported this view. Jackson studied patients with
3425:
Models of Working Memory By Akira Miyake, Priti Shah
6471:
6353:
6242:
6235:
6133:
6008:
5876:
5800:
5702:
5508:
5501:
5364:
5129:
4991:
4931:
4806:
4667:
4503:
4210:
4120:
4032:
3852:
3677:
3460:
Memory and Human Cognition By John T. E. Richardson
2524:
2373:Dialogues in Philosophy, Mental and Neuro Sciences
1803:) is a cognitive neuroscience theory developed by
1376:capacity for intelligence was located in the heart
2609:Journal of the History of the Behavioral Sciences
1208:. Cognitive neuroscience relies upon theories in
2985:"The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 2014"
2651:"The Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine 1906"
2241:
2239:
1678:On September 11, 1956, a large-scale meeting of
3274:Cognitive Neuroscience: The biology of the mind
3539:Cognitive Neuroscience Arena, Psychology Press
3264:http://www.whonamedit.com/doctor.cfm/2766.html
2316:
2314:
2312:
1811:in the late 1970s on aspects of how the brain
1497:were removed. From this he concluded that the
5285:
4627:
3627:
3600:Computational Cognitive Neuroscience wikibook
3347:The Student's Guide to Cognitive Neuroscience
1150:
682:
8:
5162:Intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring
3400:Development of Intelligence By Mike Anderson
3319:Conversations in the Cognitive Neurosciences
2971:"2014 Kavli Prize Laureates in Neuroscience"
1726:Combining neuroscience and cognitive science
3166:Baars, Bernard J.; Gage, Nicole M. (2010).
3030:"Cognitive neuroscience Editorial overview"
2457:Journal of the History of the Neurosciences
2390:
2388:
2386:
1755:. An upcoming technique in neuroscience is
1692:The Magical Number Seven, Plus or Minus Two
1648:New brain mapping technology, particularly
6239:
5505:
5292:
5278:
5270:
4634:
4620:
4612:
3634:
3620:
3612:
3549:Whole Brain Atlas Top 100 Brain Structures
3474:,"Current Opinion in Neurobiology", (2007)
3272:, Ivry, R. B. & Mangun, G. R. (2002).
2179:Gazzaniga, Ivry and Mangun 2002, cf. title
1157:
1143:
1040:Halstead-Reitan Neuropsychological Battery
700:
689:
675:
98:
3138:
3128:
3004:"Scientists win prize for brain research"
2787:
2689:
1055:Luria-Nebraska neuropsychological battery
87:Learn how and when to remove this message
6456:Transgenerational epigenetic inheritance
1311:
50:This article includes a list of general
3554:Cognitive Neuroscience Discussion Group
3514:Cognitive Neuroscience Society Homepage
2605:"Origins of the cognitive (r)evolution"
2172:
1192:, overlapping with disciplines such as
703:
106:
3564:Introduction to Cognitive Neuroscience
1827:methods, and address problems such as
5948:Psychological effects of Internet use
3189:. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
2666:"Visual attention: The past 25 years"
2009:Functional magnetic resonance imaging
1868:Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine
1684:Massachusetts Institute of Technology
1346:functional magnetic resonance imaging
7:
5252:
2828:"Approaches in Cognitive Psychology"
1291:developmental cognitive neuroscience
1176:processes and aspects that underlie
5928:Digital media use and mental health
1763:can be used. Other methods include
5559:Automatic and controlled processes
3350:(3rd ed.). Psychology Press.
2761:Handbook of Cognitive Neuroscience
56:it lacks sufficient corresponding
25:
5968:Smartphones and pedestrian safety
5142:Development of the nervous system
3586:Wikibook on consciousness studies
2525:Bear, Connors & Paradiso 2007
2140:List of cognitive neuroscientists
2029:Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation
1075:Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale
775:Neuropsychological rehabilitation
6619:
6606:
6594:
6593:
5993:Mobile phones and driving safety
5251:
5240:
5239:
4797:
3843:
3276:(2nd ed.). New York: W.W.Norton.
3234:Classic Cases in Neuropsychology
3002:Gallager, James (6 March 2017).
2364:Sirgiovanni, Elisabetta (2009).
2073:
2059:
1123:
1111:
1099:
711:
656:
114:
41:
5896:Computer-mediated communication
3440:Memory Capacity By Nelson Cowan
3415:Memory Capacity By Nelson Cowan
3298:The Cognitive Neurosciences III
2202:"Learning Disabilities | BRAIN"
1894:behaviour and schizophrenia".,
1296:Theoretical approaches include
6173:Empathising–systemising theory
5476:female intrasexual competition
5413:Evolutionarily stable strategy
3591:Cognitive Neuroscience chapter
3340:Amherst, NY: Prometheus Books.
2871:Cognitive Neuroscience Society
2727:10.1146/annurev.neuro.23.1.315
1994:Experimental methods include:
1640:while sharing a taxi in 1976.
1413:American Phrenological Journal
30:For the academic journal, see
1:
6533:Standard social science model
5586:Cognitive tradeoff hypothesis
4983:Social cognitive neuroscience
3939:Industrial and organizational
2715:Annual Review of Neuroscience
2130:Social cognitive neuroscience
1669:Emergence of a new discipline
1436:. In the early 19th century,
1065:Rey–Osterrieth complex figure
1060:Mini–mental state examination
770:Neuropsychological assessment
399:Industrial and organizational
6381:Missing heritability problem
5973:Social aspects of television
5596:Evolution of nervous systems
5564:Computational theory of mind
4958:Molecular cellular cognition
4180:Human factors and ergonomics
3519:There's Something about Zero
3504:Resources in other libraries
2682:10.1016/j.visres.2011.04.012
2469:10.1080/0964704X.2011.650899
1706:presented their findings on
1513:Emergence of neuropsychology
1342:positron emission tomography
1030:Benton Visual Retention Test
554:Human factors and ergonomics
6627:Evolutionary biology portal
5177:Neurodevelopmental disorder
5152:Neural network (biological)
5147:Neural network (artificial)
2287:10.1016/j.yebeh.2009.03.001
1815:. It describes a number of
1588:as the primary approach in
1552:In 1870, German physicians
1286:close to the frontal lobe.
1212:coupled with evidence from
1085:Wisconsin Card Sorting Task
1035:Continuous Performance Task
6665:
6588:Evolutionary psychologists
6461:Trivers–Willard hypothesis
6376:Human–animal communication
6088:Ovulatory shift hypothesis
5938:Imprinted brain hypothesis
5906:Human–computer interaction
4704:Computational neuroscience
3464:Society for Neuroscience.
3209:Sejnowski, Terrence Joseph
3205:Churchland, Patricia Smith
2434:10.1177/107385849500100408
2395:Uttal, William R. (2011).
2335:10.1016/j.tins.2008.11.001
2115:Cognitive psychophysiology
1789:
1674:Birth of cognitive science
1604:
1577:
1462:, particularly those with
1417:
1298:computational neuroscience
29:
6582:
6508:Environmental determinism
6479:Cultural selection theory
6366:Evolutionary epistemology
6280:evolutionary neuroscience
5953:Rank theory of depression
5455:Parent–offspring conflict
5307:
5235:
5172:Neurodegenerative disease
5016:Evolutionary neuroscience
4795:
4649:
4566:
3869:Applied behavior analysis
3841:
3649:
3499:Resources in your library
2664:Carrasco, Marisa (2011).
2246:Cordelia Erickson-Davis.
1817:artificial neural network
1797:Adaptive resonance theory
1792:Adaptive resonance theory
1045:Hayling and Brixton tests
740:Cognitive neuropsychology
329:Applied behavior analysis
6401:Cultural group selection
6285:Biocultural anthropology
5978:Societal impacts of cars
5911:Media naturalness theory
5601:Fight-or-flight response
5137:Brain–computer interface
5086:Neuromorphic engineering
5011:Educational neuroscience
4918:Nutritional neuroscience
4823:Clinical neurophysiology
4719:Integrative neuroscience
3595:Wikibook on neuroscience
3468:Retrieved 14 August 2009
3266:Retrieved 14 August 2009
3130:10.3389/fpsyg.2013.00610
2603:Mandler, George (2002).
1777:Integrative neuroscience
1626:ocular dominance columns
1202:physiological psychology
735:Clinical neuropsychology
18:Cognitive neuroscientist
6601:Evolutionary psychology
6565:Sociocultural evolution
6406:Dual inheritance theory
5863:Personality development
5324:Theoretical foundations
5301:Evolutionary psychology
4948:Behavioral neuroscience
4145:Behavioral neuroscience
3709:Behavioral neuroscience
3260:John Hughlings Jackson.
3258:Enersen, O. D. (2009).
3242:10.4324/9780203304112-8
3214:The Computational Brain
3117:Frontiers in Psychology
3082:10.1126/science.1089506
2560:www.hopkinsmedicine.org
2512:10.1111/1468-0017.00196
2323:Trends in Neurosciences
2275:Epilepsy & Behavior
2110:Experimental psychology
1905:functional neuroimaging
1278:, the left side of the
1244:functional neuroimaging
1194:behavioral neuroscience
519:Behavioral neuroscience
194:Cognitive neuroscience
176:Behavioral neuroscience
71:more precise citations.
6649:Cognitive neuroscience
6523:Social constructionism
6518:Psychological nativism
6493:Biological determinism
6441:Recent human evolution
6436:Punctuated equilibrium
6259:Behavioral epigenetics
6254:evolutionary economics
6223:Variability hypothesis
6168:Emotional intelligence
5901:Engineering psychology
5591:Evolution of the brain
4943:Affective neuroscience
4724:Molecular neuroscience
4679:Behavioral epigenetics
4195:Psychology of religion
4135:Behavioral engineering
4072:Human subject research
3728:Cognitive neuroscience
3694:Affective neuroscience
3490:Cognitive neuroscience
3336:Sternberg, Eliezer J.
2120:Affective neuroscience
2034:Computational Modeling
2019:Magnetoencephalography
2014:Electroencephalography
1870:in the same year with
1787:
1638:George Armitage Miller
1613:silver staining method
1456:John Hughlings Jackson
1415:
1317:
1218:computational modeling
1206:affective neuroscience
1170:Cognitive neuroscience
917:Patricia Goldman-Rakic
780:Traumatic brain injury
745:Cognitive neuroscience
569:Psychology of religion
509:Behavioral engineering
161:Affective neuroscience
32:Cognitive Neuroscience
6550:Multilineal evolution
6513:Nature versus nurture
6472:Theoretical positions
6320:Functional psychology
6315:Evolutionary medicine
6290:Biological psychiatry
5998:Texting while driving
5988:Lead–crime hypothesis
5848:Cognitive development
5833:Caregiver deprivation
5344:Gene selection theory
5006:Cultural neuroscience
5001:Consumer neuroscience
4843:Neurogastroenterology
4699:Cellular neuroscience
4571:Wiktionary definition
4107:Self-report inventory
4102:Quantitative research
2191:Gazzaniga 2002, p. xv
2135:Cultural neuroscience
1929:Cognitive development
1825:unsupervised learning
1813:processes information
1785:
1761:Single-unit recording
1743:(human EEG 1920) and
1620:Mid-late 20th century
1410:
1365:Origins in philosophy
1315:
1118:Philosophy portal
1106:Psychology portal
1080:Wechsler Memory Scale
1050:Lexical Decision Task
663:Psychology portal
6503:Cultural determinism
6310:Evolutionary biology
6295:Cognitive psychology
6243:Academic disciplines
5891:Cognitive ergonomics
5858:Language acquisition
5838:Childhood attachment
5651:Wason selection task
5545:Behavioral modernity
5334:Cognitive revolution
5317:Evolutionary thought
4978:Sensory neuroscience
4818:Behavioral neurology
4789:Systems neuroscience
4097:Qualitative research
4052:Behavior epigenetics
3344:Ward, Jamie (2015).
2776:Psychological Review
2100:Cognitive psychology
2024:Electrocorticography
1716:Cognitive Psychology
1658:cognitive psychology
1580:Cognitive revolution
1574:Cognitive revolution
1495:cerebral hemispheres
1479:Aggregate field view
1449:Localizationist view
1358:cognitive revolution
1302:cognitive psychology
1240:cognitive psychology
1198:cognitive psychology
6570:Unilineal evolution
6335:Population genetics
6120:Sexy son hypothesis
6058:Hormonal motivation
6038:Concealed ovulation
5579:Dual process theory
5450:Parental investment
5121:Social neuroscience
5021:Global neurosurgery
4898:Neurorehabilitation
4868:Neuro-ophthalmology
4853:Neurointensive care
4684:Behavioral genetics
4576:Wiktionary category
4140:Behavioral genetics
4112:Statistical surveys
3969:Occupational health
3704:Behavioral genetics
3074:2004Sci...303.1634H
3068:(5664): 1634–1640.
2759:(1984). "Preface".
2536:Enersen, O. D. 2009
2500:Mind & Language
2125:Social neuroscience
1846:, were awarded the
1829:pattern recognition
1529:. Carl Wernicke, a
1256:behavioral genetics
1130:Medicine portal
822:Executive functions
514:Behavioral genetics
429:Occupational health
171:Behavioral genetics
102:Part of a series on
6528:Social determinism
6411:Fisher's principle
6371:Great ape language
6361:Cultural evolution
6330:Philosophy of mind
6163:Division of labour
6125:Westermarck effect
6073:Mating preferences
5983:Distracted driving
5717:Literary criticism
5574:Domain specificity
5554:modularity of mind
5197:Neuroimmune system
5091:Neurophenomenology
5031:Neural engineering
4754:Neuroendocrinology
4734:Neural engineering
4548:Schools of thought
4451:Richard E. Nisbett
4331:Donald T. Campbell
4009:Sport and exercise
3605:2019-07-24 at the
3262:In: Who Named It.
3236:. pp. 17–25.
3170:. Academic Press.
2927:2006-05-19 at the
2757:Gazzaniga, Michael
2621:10.1002/jhbs.10066
2584:www.britannica.com
2422:The Neuroscientist
2155:Neuroendocrinology
2105:Embodied cognition
1840:Giacomo Rizzolatti
1788:
1682:took place at the
1416:
1318:
1308:Historical origins
1252:cognitive genomics
842:Motor coordination
631:Schools of thought
469:Sport and exercise
315:Applied psychology
6636:
6635:
6614:Psychology portal
6578:
6577:
6421:Hologenome theory
6391:Unit of selection
6386:Primate cognition
6300:Cognitive science
6231:
6230:
6102:Sexual attraction
6078:Mating strategies
5843:Cinderella effect
5773:Moral foundations
5677:Visual perception
5569:Domain generality
5538:Facial expression
5486:Sexual dimorphism
5445:Natural selection
5391:Hamiltonian spite
5267:
5266:
5116:Paleoneurobiology
5051:Neuroepistemology
5026:Neuroanthropology
4992:Interdisciplinary
4878:Neuropharmacology
4838:Neuroepidemiology
4609:
4608:
4586:Wikimedia Commons
4513:Counseling topics
4476:Ronald C. Kessler
4466:Shelley E. Taylor
4391:Lawrence Kohlberg
4366:Stanley Schachter
4165:Consumer behavior
4047:Archival research
3815:Psycholinguistics
3699:Affective science
3575:Related Wikibooks
3485:Library resources
3288:978-1-4051-2287-0
3251:978-0-203-30411-2
3224:978-0-262-33965-0
3196:978-0-7817-6003-4
3177:978-0-12-381440-1
3028:Takeo, Watanabe.
2946:"The Brain Prize"
2896:www.boundless.com
2676:(13): 1484–1525.
2527:, pp. 10–11.
2406:978-0-262-29803-2
2095:Cognitive biology
2081:Psychology portal
2067:Philosophy portal
1836:Stanislas Dehaene
1819:models which use
1809:Stephen Grossberg
1548:Mapping the brain
1438:Franz Joseph Gall
1248:electrophysiology
1210:cognitive science
1167:
1166:
999:("H.M.", patient)
992:Hans-Lukas Teuber
912:Elkhonon Goldberg
699:
698:
596:Counseling topics
539:Consumer behavior
280:Psycholinguistics
166:Affective science
97:
96:
89:
16:(Redirected from
6656:
6623:
6610:
6597:
6596:
6240:
6236:Related subjects
6023:Adult attachment
5550:Cognitive module
5506:
5493:Social selection
5467:Costly signaling
5462:Sexual selection
5349:Modern synthesis
5294:
5287:
5280:
5271:
5255:
5254:
5243:
5242:
5157:Detection theory
5041:Neurocriminology
4968:Neurolinguistics
4883:Neuroprosthetics
4801:
4764:Neuroinformatics
4714:Imaging genetics
4636:
4629:
4622:
4613:
4543:Research methods
4486:Richard Davidson
4481:Joseph E. LeDoux
4356:George A. Miller
4346:David McClelland
4341:Herbert A. Simon
4241:Edward Thorndike
4062:Content analysis
3847:
3820:Psychophysiology
3636:
3629:
3622:
3613:
3361:
3315:Gazzaniga, M. S.
3294:Gazzaniga, M. S.
3270:Gazzaniga, M. S.
3255:
3228:
3200:
3181:
3153:
3152:
3142:
3132:
3108:
3102:
3101:
3057:
3051:
3050:
3048:
3047:
3041:
3035:. Archived from
3034:
3025:
3019:
3018:
3016:
3014:
2999:
2993:
2992:
2981:
2975:
2974:
2967:
2961:
2960:
2958:
2957:
2948:. Archived from
2942:
2936:
2918:
2912:
2911:
2909:
2907:
2898:. Archived from
2888:
2882:
2881:
2879:
2877:
2863:
2857:
2854:
2848:
2842:
2836:
2835:
2824:
2818:
2817:
2798:10.1037/h0043158
2791:
2771:
2765:
2764:
2753:
2747:
2746:
2710:
2704:
2703:
2693:
2661:
2655:
2654:
2647:
2641:
2640:
2600:
2594:
2593:
2591:
2590:
2576:
2570:
2569:
2567:
2566:
2552:
2546:
2543:
2537:
2534:
2528:
2522:
2516:
2515:
2495:
2489:
2488:
2452:
2446:
2445:
2417:
2411:
2410:
2392:
2381:
2380:
2370:
2361:
2355:
2354:
2318:
2307:
2306:
2270:
2261:
2260:
2258:
2257:
2252:
2243:
2234:
2231:
2216:
2215:
2213:
2212:
2198:
2192:
2189:
2180:
2177:
2083:
2078:
2077:
2076:
2069:
2064:
2063:
2062:
1979:Social cognition
1831:and prediction.
1765:microneurography
1708:computer science
1688:George A. Miller
1430:pseudoscientific
1411:A page from the
1388:Andreas Vesalius
1182:mental processes
1159:
1152:
1145:
1128:
1127:
1126:
1116:
1115:
1114:
1104:
1103:
1102:
1024:
1008:
1000:
907:Norman Geschwind
887:Arthur L. Benton
876:
827:Natural language
796:
724:
715:
701:
691:
684:
677:
661:
660:
659:
626:Research methods
285:Psychophysiology
147:Basic psychology
118:
99:
92:
85:
81:
78:
72:
67:this article by
58:inline citations
45:
44:
37:
27:Scientific field
21:
6664:
6663:
6659:
6658:
6657:
6655:
6654:
6653:
6639:
6638:
6637:
6632:
6574:
6560:Neoevolutionism
6467:
6451:Species complex
6416:Group selection
6354:Research topics
6349:
6325:Neuropsychology
6227:
6213:Substance abuse
6135:Sex differences
6129:
6043:Coolidge effect
6004:
5916:Neuroergonomics
5881:
5872:
5796:
5698:
5632:Folk psychology
5513:
5497:
5367:
5360:
5303:
5298:
5268:
5263:
5231:
5217:Neurotechnology
5212:Neuroplasticity
5207:Neuromodulation
5202:Neuromanagement
5125:
5096:Neurophilosophy
4993:
4987:
4973:Neuropsychology
4934:
4927:
4888:Neuropsychiatry
4848:Neuroimmunology
4833:Neurocardiology
4809:
4802:
4793:
4784:Neurophysiology
4774:Neuromorphology
4729:Neural decoding
4670:
4663:
4645:
4640:
4610:
4605:
4562:
4538:Psychotherapies
4499:
4456:Martin Seligman
4421:Daniel Kahneman
4361:Richard Lazarus
4311:Raymond Cattell
4215:
4206:
4205:
4204:
4116:
4028:
3855:
3848:
3839:
3800:Neuropsychology
3680:
3673:
3645:
3640:
3607:Wayback Machine
3510:
3509:
3508:
3493:
3492:
3488:
3481:
3358:
3343:
3281:Wiley-Blackwell
3252:
3231:
3225:
3203:
3197:
3184:
3178:
3165:
3162:
3160:Further reading
3157:
3156:
3110:
3109:
3105:
3059:
3058:
3054:
3045:
3043:
3039:
3032:
3027:
3026:
3022:
3012:
3010:
3001:
3000:
2996:
2983:
2982:
2978:
2969:
2968:
2964:
2955:
2953:
2944:
2943:
2939:
2933:Neural Networks
2929:Wayback Machine
2919:
2915:
2905:
2903:
2902:on 28 June 2013
2890:
2889:
2885:
2875:
2873:
2865:
2864:
2860:
2855:
2851:
2844:not available,
2843:
2839:
2826:
2825:
2821:
2789:10.1.1.308.8071
2773:
2772:
2768:
2763:. pp. vii.
2755:
2754:
2750:
2712:
2711:
2707:
2670:Vision Research
2663:
2662:
2658:
2649:
2648:
2644:
2602:
2601:
2597:
2588:
2586:
2578:
2577:
2573:
2564:
2562:
2554:
2553:
2549:
2544:
2540:
2535:
2531:
2523:
2519:
2497:
2496:
2492:
2454:
2453:
2449:
2419:
2418:
2414:
2407:
2394:
2393:
2384:
2368:
2363:
2362:
2358:
2320:
2319:
2310:
2272:
2271:
2264:
2255:
2253:
2250:
2245:
2244:
2237:
2232:
2219:
2210:
2208:
2200:
2199:
2195:
2190:
2183:
2178:
2174:
2169:
2164:
2090:Binding problem
2079:
2074:
2072:
2065:
2060:
2058:
2055:
2046:Jesper Mogensen
2042:
1992:
1944:Decision-making
1920:
1900:
1883:Wolfram Schultz
1872:May-Britt Moser
1794:
1786:ARTMAP overview
1728:
1690:presented his "
1676:
1671:
1646:
1622:
1609:
1607:Neuron doctrine
1603:
1601:Neuron doctrine
1582:
1576:
1571:
1550:
1542:Wernicke's area
1515:
1499:cerebral cortex
1487:Pierre Flourens
1481:
1451:
1442:J. G. Spurzheim
1422:
1405:
1400:
1367:
1354:neuropsychology
1310:
1276:Wernicke's area
1229:cerebral cortex
1163:
1134:
1124:
1122:
1112:
1110:
1100:
1098:
1090:
1089:
1025:
1020:
1013:
1012:
1006:
998:
997:Henry Molaison
987:Roger W. Sperry
982:Mark Rosenzweig
967:Karl H. Pribram
957:Alexander Luria
927:Kenneth Heilman
897:Antonio Damasio
877:
874:
867:
866:
857:Problem solving
817:Decision making
797:
794:Brain functions
792:
785:
784:
765:Neurophysiology
725:
722:
705:Neuropsychology
695:
657:
655:
648:
647:
646:
645:
621:Psychotherapies
589:
579:
578:
499:
491:
490:
489:
488:
317:
307:
306:
305:
304:
265:Neuropsychology
149:
93:
82:
76:
73:
63:Please help to
62:
46:
42:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
6662:
6660:
6652:
6651:
6641:
6640:
6634:
6633:
6631:
6630:
6617:
6604:
6591:
6583:
6580:
6579:
6576:
6575:
6573:
6572:
6567:
6562:
6557:
6552:
6547:
6542:
6537:
6536:
6535:
6530:
6525:
6520:
6515:
6510:
6505:
6500:
6495:
6481:
6475:
6473:
6469:
6468:
6466:
6465:
6464:
6463:
6458:
6453:
6448:
6443:
6438:
6433:
6428:
6423:
6418:
6413:
6408:
6403:
6398:
6388:
6383:
6378:
6373:
6368:
6363:
6357:
6355:
6351:
6350:
6348:
6347:
6342:
6337:
6332:
6327:
6322:
6317:
6312:
6307:
6302:
6297:
6292:
6287:
6282:
6265:
6256:
6246:
6244:
6237:
6233:
6232:
6229:
6228:
6226:
6225:
6220:
6215:
6210:
6205:
6200:
6195:
6190:
6185:
6180:
6175:
6170:
6165:
6160:
6155:
6150:
6145:
6139:
6137:
6131:
6130:
6128:
6127:
6122:
6117:
6104:
6095:
6090:
6085:
6080:
6075:
6070:
6065:
6060:
6055:
6050:
6045:
6040:
6035:
6030:
6025:
6020:
6014:
6012:
6006:
6005:
6003:
6002:
6001:
6000:
5995:
5990:
5985:
5975:
5970:
5965:
5960:
5955:
5950:
5945:
5943:Mind-blindness
5940:
5935:
5930:
5925:
5920:
5919:
5918:
5913:
5908:
5903:
5898:
5887:
5885:
5874:
5873:
5871:
5870:
5865:
5860:
5855:
5850:
5845:
5840:
5835:
5830:
5817:
5812:
5806:
5804:
5798:
5797:
5795:
5794:
5789:
5788:
5787:
5777:
5776:
5775:
5765:
5764:
5763:
5758:
5753:
5743:
5738:
5737:
5736:
5726:
5725:
5724:
5719:
5708:
5706:
5700:
5699:
5697:
5696:
5695:
5694:
5689:
5684:
5674:
5669:
5664:
5655:
5654:
5653:
5648:
5638:
5636:theory of mind
5629:
5620:
5619:
5618:
5613:
5608:
5598:
5593:
5588:
5583:
5582:
5581:
5576:
5571:
5566:
5561:
5547:
5542:
5541:
5540:
5535:
5530:
5519:
5517:
5503:
5499:
5498:
5496:
5495:
5490:
5489:
5488:
5483:
5478:
5469:
5459:
5458:
5457:
5447:
5442:
5437:
5432:
5431:
5430:
5420:
5415:
5410:
5405:
5403:Baldwin effect
5400:
5399:
5398:
5393:
5388:
5378:
5372:
5370:
5362:
5361:
5359:
5358:
5353:
5352:
5351:
5346:
5341:
5336:
5331:
5321:
5320:
5319:
5308:
5305:
5304:
5299:
5297:
5296:
5289:
5282:
5274:
5265:
5264:
5262:
5261:
5249:
5236:
5233:
5232:
5230:
5229:
5227:Self-awareness
5224:
5219:
5214:
5209:
5204:
5199:
5194:
5189:
5184:
5182:Neurodiversity
5179:
5174:
5169:
5164:
5159:
5154:
5149:
5144:
5139:
5133:
5131:
5127:
5126:
5124:
5123:
5118:
5113:
5108:
5103:
5098:
5093:
5088:
5083:
5081:Neuromarketing
5078:
5073:
5068:
5063:
5058:
5056:Neuroesthetics
5053:
5048:
5046:Neuroeconomics
5043:
5038:
5033:
5028:
5023:
5018:
5013:
5008:
5003:
4997:
4995:
4989:
4988:
4986:
4985:
4980:
4975:
4970:
4965:
4960:
4955:
4950:
4945:
4939:
4937:
4929:
4928:
4926:
4925:
4920:
4915:
4910:
4905:
4900:
4895:
4893:Neuroradiology
4890:
4885:
4880:
4875:
4873:Neuropathology
4870:
4865:
4863:Neuro-oncology
4860:
4855:
4850:
4845:
4840:
4835:
4830:
4825:
4820:
4814:
4812:
4804:
4803:
4796:
4794:
4792:
4791:
4786:
4781:
4776:
4771:
4766:
4761:
4756:
4751:
4749:Neurochemistry
4746:
4741:
4736:
4731:
4726:
4721:
4716:
4711:
4706:
4701:
4696:
4691:
4686:
4681:
4675:
4673:
4665:
4664:
4662:
4661:
4656:
4650:
4647:
4646:
4641:
4639:
4638:
4631:
4624:
4616:
4607:
4606:
4604:
4603:
4598:
4593:
4588:
4583:
4578:
4573:
4567:
4564:
4563:
4561:
4560:
4555:
4550:
4545:
4540:
4535:
4530:
4525:
4520:
4515:
4509:
4507:
4501:
4500:
4498:
4496:Roy Baumeister
4493:
4488:
4483:
4478:
4473:
4468:
4463:
4458:
4453:
4448:
4443:
4438:
4433:
4431:Michael Posner
4428:
4423:
4418:
4416:Elliot Aronson
4413:
4411:Walter Mischel
4408:
4403:
4398:
4393:
4388:
4383:
4378:
4376:Albert Bandura
4373:
4368:
4363:
4358:
4353:
4351:Leon Festinger
4348:
4343:
4338:
4333:
4328:
4323:
4321:Neal E. Miller
4318:
4316:Abraham Maslow
4313:
4308:
4303:
4301:Ernest Hilgard
4298:
4296:Donald O. Hebb
4293:
4288:
4283:
4278:
4276:J. P. Guilford
4273:
4271:Gordon Allport
4268:
4263:
4258:
4253:
4251:John B. Watson
4248:
4243:
4238:
4233:
4228:
4223:
4218:
4216:
4211:
4208:
4207:
4203:
4202:
4197:
4192:
4187:
4182:
4177:
4172:
4167:
4162:
4157:
4152:
4147:
4142:
4137:
4132:
4126:
4125:
4124:
4122:
4118:
4117:
4115:
4114:
4109:
4104:
4099:
4094:
4089:
4084:
4079:
4074:
4069:
4064:
4059:
4054:
4049:
4044:
4042:Animal testing
4038:
4036:
4030:
4029:
4027:
4026:
4021:
4016:
4011:
4006:
4001:
3996:
3991:
3986:
3981:
3976:
3971:
3966:
3961:
3956:
3951:
3946:
3941:
3936:
3931:
3926:
3921:
3916:
3911:
3906:
3901:
3896:
3891:
3886:
3881:
3876:
3871:
3866:
3860:
3858:
3850:
3849:
3842:
3840:
3838:
3837:
3832:
3827:
3822:
3817:
3812:
3807:
3802:
3797:
3792:
3787:
3782:
3777:
3772:
3767:
3762:
3757:
3752:
3747:
3745:Cross-cultural
3742:
3737:
3736:
3735:
3725:
3716:
3711:
3706:
3701:
3696:
3691:
3685:
3683:
3675:
3674:
3672:
3671:
3666:
3661:
3656:
3650:
3647:
3646:
3641:
3639:
3638:
3631:
3624:
3616:
3610:
3609:
3597:
3588:
3583:
3572:
3571:
3566:
3561:
3556:
3551:
3546:
3541:
3536:
3531:
3526:
3521:
3516:
3507:
3506:
3501:
3495:
3494:
3483:
3482:
3480:
3479:External links
3477:
3476:
3475:
3469:
3462:
3457:
3452:
3447:
3442:
3437:
3432:
3427:
3422:
3417:
3412:
3407:
3402:
3397:
3392:
3387:
3382:
3377:
3372:
3367:
3362:
3357:978-1848722729
3356:
3341:
3334:
3317:, Ed. (1999).
3312:
3291:
3277:
3267:
3256:
3250:
3229:
3223:
3201:
3195:
3182:
3176:
3161:
3158:
3155:
3154:
3103:
3052:
3020:
2994:
2989:NobelPrize.org
2976:
2962:
2937:
2913:
2883:
2858:
2849:
2837:
2819:
2766:
2748:
2705:
2656:
2642:
2615:(4): 339–353.
2595:
2571:
2547:
2538:
2529:
2517:
2506:(3): 207–232.
2490:
2447:
2428:(4): 245–250.
2412:
2405:
2382:
2356:
2329:(2): 118–126.
2308:
2281:(2): 123–130.
2262:
2235:
2217:
2193:
2181:
2171:
2170:
2168:
2165:
2163:
2162:
2157:
2152:
2147:
2145:Neurochemistry
2142:
2137:
2132:
2127:
2122:
2117:
2112:
2107:
2102:
2097:
2092:
2086:
2085:
2084:
2070:
2054:
2051:
2050:
2049:
2041:
2040:Notable people
2038:
2037:
2036:
2031:
2026:
2021:
2016:
2011:
2006:
2001:
1991:
1988:
1987:
1986:
1984:Mind Wandering
1981:
1976:
1971:
1966:
1961:
1956:
1951:
1946:
1941:
1936:
1931:
1926:
1919:
1916:
1899:
1896:
1856:Marcus Raichle
1844:Trevor Robbins
1805:Gail Carpenter
1790:Main article:
1727:
1724:
1694:" paper while
1675:
1672:
1670:
1667:
1645:
1642:
1621:
1618:
1605:Main article:
1602:
1599:
1578:Main article:
1575:
1572:
1570:
1567:
1558:Gustav Fritsch
1549:
1546:
1514:
1511:
1480:
1477:
1450:
1447:
1418:Main article:
1404:
1401:
1399:
1396:
1366:
1363:
1350:Gestalt theory
1309:
1306:
1165:
1164:
1162:
1161:
1154:
1147:
1139:
1136:
1135:
1133:
1132:
1120:
1108:
1095:
1092:
1091:
1088:
1087:
1082:
1077:
1072:
1067:
1062:
1057:
1052:
1047:
1042:
1037:
1032:
1026:
1019:
1018:
1015:
1014:
1011:
1010:
1002:
994:
989:
984:
979:
974:
969:
964:
959:
954:
952:Rodolfo Llinás
949:
947:Benjamin Libet
944:
939:
934:
929:
924:
922:Donald O. Hebb
919:
914:
909:
904:
899:
894:
889:
884:
878:
873:
872:
869:
868:
865:
864:
859:
854:
849:
844:
839:
834:
829:
824:
819:
814:
809:
804:
798:
791:
790:
787:
786:
783:
782:
777:
772:
767:
762:
757:
752:
747:
742:
737:
732:
726:
721:
720:
717:
716:
708:
707:
697:
696:
694:
693:
686:
679:
671:
668:
667:
666:
665:
650:
649:
644:
643:
638:
633:
628:
623:
618:
613:
608:
603:
598:
592:
591:
590:
585:
584:
581:
580:
577:
576:
571:
566:
561:
556:
551:
546:
541:
536:
531:
526:
521:
516:
511:
506:
500:
497:
496:
493:
492:
487:
486:
481:
476:
471:
466:
461:
456:
451:
446:
441:
436:
431:
426:
421:
416:
411:
406:
401:
396:
391:
386:
381:
376:
371:
366:
361:
356:
351:
346:
341:
336:
331:
326:
320:
319:
318:
313:
312:
309:
308:
303:
302:
297:
292:
287:
282:
277:
272:
267:
262:
257:
252:
247:
242:
237:
232:
227:
222:
217:
212:
210:Cross-cultural
207:
202:
201:
200:
192:
183:
178:
173:
168:
163:
158:
152:
151:
150:
145:
144:
141:
140:
139:
138:
133:
128:
120:
119:
111:
110:
104:
103:
95:
94:
49:
47:
40:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
6661:
6650:
6647:
6646:
6644:
6629:
6628:
6622:
6618:
6616:
6615:
6609:
6605:
6603:
6602:
6592:
6590:
6589:
6585:
6584:
6581:
6571:
6568:
6566:
6563:
6561:
6558:
6556:
6555:Neo-Darwinism
6553:
6551:
6548:
6546:
6543:
6541:
6540:Functionalism
6538:
6534:
6531:
6529:
6526:
6524:
6521:
6519:
6516:
6514:
6511:
6509:
6506:
6504:
6501:
6499:
6498:Connectionism
6496:
6494:
6491:
6490:
6489:
6488:indeterminism
6485:
6482:
6480:
6477:
6476:
6474:
6470:
6462:
6459:
6457:
6454:
6452:
6449:
6447:
6444:
6442:
6439:
6437:
6434:
6432:
6429:
6427:
6424:
6422:
6419:
6417:
6414:
6412:
6409:
6407:
6404:
6402:
6399:
6397:
6394:
6393:
6392:
6389:
6387:
6384:
6382:
6379:
6377:
6374:
6372:
6369:
6367:
6364:
6362:
6359:
6358:
6356:
6352:
6346:
6343:
6341:
6338:
6336:
6333:
6331:
6328:
6326:
6323:
6321:
6318:
6316:
6313:
6311:
6308:
6306:
6303:
6301:
6298:
6296:
6293:
6291:
6288:
6286:
6283:
6281:
6277:
6273:
6269:
6266:
6264:
6260:
6257:
6255:
6251:
6248:
6247:
6245:
6241:
6238:
6234:
6224:
6221:
6219:
6216:
6214:
6211:
6209:
6208:Schizophrenia
6206:
6204:
6201:
6199:
6196:
6194:
6193:Mental health
6191:
6189:
6186:
6184:
6181:
6179:
6176:
6174:
6171:
6169:
6166:
6164:
6161:
6159:
6156:
6154:
6151:
6149:
6146:
6144:
6141:
6140:
6138:
6136:
6132:
6126:
6123:
6121:
6118:
6116:
6112:
6108:
6105:
6103:
6099:
6096:
6094:
6091:
6089:
6086:
6084:
6081:
6079:
6076:
6074:
6071:
6069:
6068:Mate guarding
6066:
6064:
6061:
6059:
6056:
6054:
6051:
6049:
6046:
6044:
6041:
6039:
6036:
6034:
6031:
6029:
6028:Age disparity
6026:
6024:
6021:
6019:
6016:
6015:
6013:
6011:
6007:
5999:
5996:
5994:
5991:
5989:
5986:
5984:
5981:
5980:
5979:
5976:
5974:
5971:
5969:
5966:
5964:
5961:
5959:
5958:Schizophrenia
5956:
5954:
5951:
5949:
5946:
5944:
5941:
5939:
5936:
5934:
5931:
5929:
5926:
5924:
5921:
5917:
5914:
5912:
5909:
5907:
5904:
5902:
5899:
5897:
5894:
5893:
5892:
5889:
5888:
5886:
5884:
5883:Mental health
5879:
5878:Human factors
5875:
5869:
5868:Socialization
5866:
5864:
5861:
5859:
5856:
5854:
5851:
5849:
5846:
5844:
5841:
5839:
5836:
5834:
5831:
5829:
5828:paternal bond
5825:
5821:
5818:
5816:
5813:
5811:
5808:
5807:
5805:
5803:
5799:
5793:
5790:
5786:
5783:
5782:
5781:
5778:
5774:
5771:
5770:
5769:
5766:
5762:
5759:
5757:
5754:
5752:
5749:
5748:
5747:
5744:
5742:
5739:
5735:
5732:
5731:
5730:
5727:
5723:
5720:
5718:
5715:
5714:
5713:
5710:
5709:
5707:
5705:
5701:
5693:
5692:NaĂŻve physics
5690:
5688:
5685:
5683:
5680:
5679:
5678:
5675:
5673:
5670:
5668:
5665:
5663:
5659:
5658:Motor control
5656:
5652:
5649:
5647:
5644:
5643:
5642:
5639:
5637:
5633:
5630:
5628:
5624:
5621:
5617:
5616:Ophidiophobia
5614:
5612:
5609:
5607:
5606:Arachnophobia
5604:
5603:
5602:
5599:
5597:
5594:
5592:
5589:
5587:
5584:
5580:
5577:
5575:
5572:
5570:
5567:
5565:
5562:
5560:
5557:
5556:
5555:
5551:
5548:
5546:
5543:
5539:
5536:
5534:
5533:Display rules
5531:
5529:
5526:
5525:
5524:
5521:
5520:
5518:
5516:
5511:
5507:
5504:
5500:
5494:
5491:
5487:
5484:
5482:
5479:
5477:
5473:
5470:
5468:
5465:
5464:
5463:
5460:
5456:
5453:
5452:
5451:
5448:
5446:
5443:
5441:
5438:
5436:
5435:Kin selection
5433:
5429:
5426:
5425:
5424:
5421:
5419:
5416:
5414:
5411:
5409:
5406:
5404:
5401:
5397:
5394:
5392:
5389:
5387:
5384:
5383:
5382:
5379:
5377:
5374:
5373:
5371:
5369:
5363:
5357:
5354:
5350:
5347:
5345:
5342:
5340:
5337:
5335:
5332:
5330:
5329:Adaptationism
5327:
5326:
5325:
5322:
5318:
5315:
5314:
5313:
5310:
5309:
5306:
5302:
5295:
5290:
5288:
5283:
5281:
5276:
5275:
5272:
5260:
5259:
5250:
5248:
5247:
5238:
5237:
5234:
5228:
5225:
5223:
5220:
5218:
5215:
5213:
5210:
5208:
5205:
5203:
5200:
5198:
5195:
5193:
5190:
5188:
5185:
5183:
5180:
5178:
5175:
5173:
5170:
5168:
5165:
5163:
5160:
5158:
5155:
5153:
5150:
5148:
5145:
5143:
5140:
5138:
5135:
5134:
5132:
5128:
5122:
5119:
5117:
5114:
5112:
5111:Neurotheology
5109:
5107:
5106:Neurorobotics
5104:
5102:
5101:Neuropolitics
5099:
5097:
5094:
5092:
5089:
5087:
5084:
5082:
5079:
5077:
5074:
5072:
5069:
5067:
5066:Neuroethology
5064:
5062:
5059:
5057:
5054:
5052:
5049:
5047:
5044:
5042:
5039:
5037:
5034:
5032:
5029:
5027:
5024:
5022:
5019:
5017:
5014:
5012:
5009:
5007:
5004:
5002:
4999:
4998:
4996:
4990:
4984:
4981:
4979:
4976:
4974:
4971:
4969:
4966:
4964:
4963:Motor control
4961:
4959:
4956:
4954:
4953:Chronobiology
4951:
4949:
4946:
4944:
4941:
4940:
4938:
4936:
4930:
4924:
4921:
4919:
4916:
4914:
4913:Neurovirology
4911:
4909:
4906:
4904:
4901:
4899:
4896:
4894:
4891:
4889:
4886:
4884:
4881:
4879:
4876:
4874:
4871:
4869:
4866:
4864:
4861:
4859:
4856:
4854:
4851:
4849:
4846:
4844:
4841:
4839:
4836:
4834:
4831:
4829:
4826:
4824:
4821:
4819:
4816:
4815:
4813:
4811:
4805:
4800:
4790:
4787:
4785:
4782:
4780:
4777:
4775:
4772:
4770:
4767:
4765:
4762:
4760:
4759:Neurogenetics
4757:
4755:
4752:
4750:
4747:
4745:
4742:
4740:
4737:
4735:
4732:
4730:
4727:
4725:
4722:
4720:
4717:
4715:
4712:
4710:
4707:
4705:
4702:
4700:
4697:
4695:
4694:Brain-reading
4692:
4690:
4689:Brain mapping
4687:
4685:
4682:
4680:
4677:
4676:
4674:
4672:
4666:
4660:
4657:
4655:
4652:
4651:
4648:
4644:
4637:
4632:
4630:
4625:
4623:
4618:
4617:
4614:
4602:
4599:
4597:
4594:
4592:
4589:
4587:
4584:
4582:
4579:
4577:
4574:
4572:
4569:
4568:
4565:
4559:
4556:
4554:
4551:
4549:
4546:
4544:
4541:
4539:
4536:
4534:
4533:Psychologists
4531:
4529:
4526:
4524:
4523:Organizations
4521:
4519:
4516:
4514:
4511:
4510:
4508:
4506:
4502:
4497:
4494:
4492:
4489:
4487:
4484:
4482:
4479:
4477:
4474:
4472:
4471:John Anderson
4469:
4467:
4464:
4462:
4459:
4457:
4454:
4452:
4449:
4447:
4444:
4442:
4439:
4437:
4434:
4432:
4429:
4427:
4424:
4422:
4419:
4417:
4414:
4412:
4409:
4407:
4404:
4402:
4401:Ulric Neisser
4399:
4397:
4394:
4392:
4389:
4387:
4386:Endel Tulving
4384:
4382:
4379:
4377:
4374:
4372:
4371:Robert Zajonc
4369:
4367:
4364:
4362:
4359:
4357:
4354:
4352:
4349:
4347:
4344:
4342:
4339:
4337:
4334:
4332:
4329:
4327:
4326:Jerome Bruner
4324:
4322:
4319:
4317:
4314:
4312:
4309:
4307:
4304:
4302:
4299:
4297:
4294:
4292:
4291:B. F. Skinner
4289:
4287:
4284:
4282:
4279:
4277:
4274:
4272:
4269:
4267:
4264:
4262:
4259:
4257:
4256:Clark L. Hull
4254:
4252:
4249:
4247:
4244:
4242:
4239:
4237:
4236:Sigmund Freud
4234:
4232:
4229:
4227:
4226:William James
4224:
4222:
4221:Wilhelm Wundt
4219:
4217:
4214:
4213:Psychologists
4209:
4201:
4200:Psychometrics
4198:
4196:
4193:
4191:
4188:
4186:
4183:
4181:
4178:
4176:
4173:
4171:
4168:
4166:
4163:
4161:
4160:Consciousness
4158:
4156:
4153:
4151:
4148:
4146:
4143:
4141:
4138:
4136:
4133:
4131:
4128:
4127:
4123:
4119:
4113:
4110:
4108:
4105:
4103:
4100:
4098:
4095:
4093:
4092:Psychophysics
4090:
4088:
4085:
4083:
4080:
4078:
4075:
4073:
4070:
4068:
4065:
4063:
4060:
4058:
4055:
4053:
4050:
4048:
4045:
4043:
4040:
4039:
4037:
4035:
4034:Methodologies
4031:
4025:
4022:
4020:
4017:
4015:
4012:
4010:
4007:
4005:
4002:
4000:
3997:
3995:
3994:Psychotherapy
3992:
3990:
3989:Psychometrics
3987:
3985:
3982:
3980:
3977:
3975:
3972:
3970:
3967:
3965:
3962:
3960:
3957:
3955:
3952:
3950:
3947:
3945:
3942:
3940:
3937:
3935:
3932:
3930:
3927:
3925:
3922:
3920:
3917:
3915:
3912:
3910:
3907:
3905:
3902:
3900:
3897:
3895:
3892:
3890:
3887:
3885:
3882:
3880:
3877:
3875:
3872:
3870:
3867:
3865:
3862:
3861:
3859:
3857:
3851:
3846:
3836:
3833:
3831:
3828:
3826:
3823:
3821:
3818:
3816:
3813:
3811:
3808:
3806:
3803:
3801:
3798:
3796:
3793:
3791:
3788:
3786:
3783:
3781:
3778:
3776:
3773:
3771:
3768:
3766:
3763:
3761:
3758:
3756:
3755:Developmental
3753:
3751:
3748:
3746:
3743:
3741:
3738:
3734:
3731:
3730:
3729:
3726:
3724:
3720:
3717:
3715:
3712:
3710:
3707:
3705:
3702:
3700:
3697:
3695:
3692:
3690:
3687:
3686:
3684:
3682:
3676:
3670:
3667:
3665:
3662:
3660:
3657:
3655:
3652:
3651:
3648:
3644:
3637:
3632:
3630:
3625:
3623:
3618:
3617:
3614:
3608:
3604:
3601:
3598:
3596:
3592:
3589:
3587:
3584:
3582:
3579:
3578:
3577:
3576:
3570:
3567:
3565:
3562:
3560:
3557:
3555:
3552:
3550:
3547:
3545:
3542:
3540:
3537:
3535:
3532:
3530:
3527:
3525:
3522:
3520:
3517:
3515:
3512:
3511:
3505:
3502:
3500:
3497:
3496:
3491:
3486:
3478:
3473:
3470:
3467:
3463:
3461:
3458:
3456:
3453:
3451:
3448:
3446:
3443:
3441:
3438:
3436:
3433:
3431:
3428:
3426:
3423:
3421:
3418:
3416:
3413:
3411:
3408:
3406:
3403:
3401:
3398:
3396:
3393:
3391:
3388:
3386:
3383:
3381:
3378:
3376:
3373:
3371:
3368:
3366:
3363:
3359:
3353:
3349:
3348:
3342:
3339:
3335:
3332:
3331:0-262-57117-X
3328:
3324:
3323:The MIT Press
3320:
3316:
3313:
3311:
3310:0-262-07254-8
3307:
3303:
3302:The MIT Press
3299:
3295:
3292:
3289:
3285:
3282:
3278:
3275:
3271:
3268:
3265:
3261:
3257:
3253:
3247:
3243:
3239:
3235:
3230:
3226:
3220:
3217:. MIT Press.
3216:
3215:
3210:
3206:
3202:
3198:
3192:
3188:
3183:
3179:
3173:
3169:
3164:
3163:
3159:
3150:
3146:
3141:
3136:
3131:
3126:
3122:
3118:
3114:
3107:
3104:
3099:
3095:
3091:
3087:
3083:
3079:
3075:
3071:
3067:
3063:
3056:
3053:
3042:on 2012-12-24
3038:
3031:
3024:
3021:
3009:
3005:
2998:
2995:
2990:
2986:
2980:
2977:
2973:. 2014-05-30.
2972:
2966:
2963:
2952:on 2015-09-05
2951:
2947:
2941:
2938:
2934:
2930:
2926:
2923:
2917:
2914:
2901:
2897:
2893:
2887:
2884:
2872:
2868:
2862:
2859:
2853:
2850:
2847:not available
2846:
2841:
2838:
2833:
2829:
2823:
2820:
2815:
2811:
2807:
2803:
2799:
2795:
2790:
2785:
2781:
2777:
2770:
2767:
2762:
2758:
2752:
2749:
2744:
2740:
2736:
2732:
2728:
2724:
2720:
2716:
2709:
2706:
2701:
2697:
2692:
2687:
2683:
2679:
2675:
2671:
2667:
2660:
2657:
2652:
2646:
2643:
2638:
2634:
2630:
2626:
2622:
2618:
2614:
2610:
2606:
2599:
2596:
2585:
2581:
2575:
2572:
2561:
2557:
2551:
2548:
2542:
2539:
2533:
2530:
2526:
2521:
2518:
2513:
2509:
2505:
2501:
2494:
2491:
2486:
2482:
2478:
2474:
2470:
2466:
2462:
2458:
2451:
2448:
2443:
2439:
2435:
2431:
2427:
2423:
2416:
2413:
2408:
2402:
2399:. MIT Press.
2398:
2391:
2389:
2387:
2383:
2378:
2374:
2367:
2360:
2357:
2352:
2348:
2344:
2340:
2336:
2332:
2328:
2324:
2317:
2315:
2313:
2309:
2304:
2300:
2296:
2292:
2288:
2284:
2280:
2276:
2269:
2267:
2263:
2249:
2242:
2240:
2236:
2230:
2228:
2226:
2224:
2222:
2218:
2207:
2206:brainaacn.org
2203:
2197:
2194:
2188:
2186:
2182:
2176:
2173:
2166:
2161:
2158:
2156:
2153:
2151:
2150:Neuroethology
2148:
2146:
2143:
2141:
2138:
2136:
2133:
2131:
2128:
2126:
2123:
2121:
2118:
2116:
2113:
2111:
2108:
2106:
2103:
2101:
2098:
2096:
2093:
2091:
2088:
2087:
2082:
2071:
2068:
2057:
2052:
2047:
2044:
2043:
2039:
2035:
2032:
2030:
2027:
2025:
2022:
2020:
2017:
2015:
2012:
2010:
2007:
2005:
2002:
2000:
1999:Psychophysics
1997:
1996:
1995:
1989:
1985:
1982:
1980:
1977:
1975:
1972:
1970:
1967:
1965:
1962:
1960:
1957:
1955:
1952:
1950:
1947:
1945:
1942:
1940:
1937:
1935:
1934:Consciousness
1932:
1930:
1927:
1925:
1922:
1921:
1917:
1915:
1913:
1908:
1906:
1898:Recent trends
1897:
1895:
1892:
1888:
1884:
1879:
1877:
1873:
1869:
1865:
1862:received the
1861:
1857:
1853:
1852:Brenda Milner
1849:
1845:
1841:
1837:
1832:
1830:
1826:
1822:
1818:
1814:
1810:
1806:
1802:
1798:
1793:
1784:
1780:
1778:
1774:
1770:
1766:
1762:
1758:
1754:
1750:
1746:
1742:
1738:
1734:
1725:
1723:
1721:
1717:
1713:
1712:Ulric Neisser
1709:
1705:
1701:
1697:
1693:
1689:
1685:
1681:
1673:
1668:
1666:
1664:
1659:
1655:
1651:
1644:Brain mapping
1643:
1641:
1639:
1635:
1631:
1627:
1619:
1617:
1614:
1608:
1600:
1598:
1595:
1591:
1587:
1581:
1573:
1568:
1566:
1564:
1559:
1555:
1554:Eduard Hitzig
1547:
1545:
1543:
1539:
1535:
1532:
1528:
1524:
1520:
1512:
1510:
1508:
1504:
1500:
1496:
1492:
1488:
1484:
1478:
1476:
1474:
1469:
1465:
1461:
1457:
1448:
1446:
1443:
1439:
1435:
1431:
1427:
1421:
1414:
1409:
1402:
1397:
1395:
1393:
1389:
1385:
1381:
1377:
1373:
1364:
1362:
1359:
1355:
1351:
1347:
1343:
1339:
1335:
1329:
1327:
1323:
1314:
1307:
1305:
1303:
1299:
1294:
1292:
1287:
1285:
1281:
1280:temporal lobe
1277:
1273:
1269:
1264:
1259:
1257:
1253:
1249:
1245:
1241:
1237:
1236:psychophysics
1232:
1230:
1226:
1221:
1219:
1215:
1211:
1207:
1203:
1199:
1195:
1191:
1187:
1183:
1179:
1175:
1171:
1160:
1155:
1153:
1148:
1146:
1141:
1140:
1138:
1137:
1131:
1121:
1119:
1109:
1107:
1097:
1096:
1094:
1093:
1086:
1083:
1081:
1078:
1076:
1073:
1071:
1068:
1066:
1063:
1061:
1058:
1056:
1053:
1051:
1048:
1046:
1043:
1041:
1038:
1036:
1033:
1031:
1028:
1027:
1023:
1017:
1016:
1009:
1003:
1001:
995:
993:
990:
988:
985:
983:
980:
978:
975:
973:
970:
968:
965:
963:
962:Brenda Milner
960:
958:
955:
953:
950:
948:
945:
943:
940:
938:
935:
933:
930:
928:
925:
923:
920:
918:
915:
913:
910:
908:
905:
903:
900:
898:
895:
893:
890:
888:
885:
883:
882:Alan Baddeley
880:
879:
871:
870:
863:
860:
858:
855:
853:
850:
848:
845:
843:
840:
838:
835:
833:
830:
828:
825:
823:
820:
818:
815:
813:
812:Consciousness
810:
808:
805:
803:
800:
799:
795:
789:
788:
781:
778:
776:
773:
771:
768:
766:
763:
761:
758:
756:
753:
751:
748:
746:
743:
741:
738:
736:
733:
731:
730:Brain regions
728:
727:
719:
718:
714:
710:
709:
706:
702:
692:
687:
685:
680:
678:
673:
672:
670:
669:
664:
654:
653:
652:
651:
642:
639:
637:
634:
632:
629:
627:
624:
622:
619:
617:
616:Psychologists
614:
612:
609:
607:
606:Organizations
604:
602:
599:
597:
594:
593:
588:
583:
582:
575:
574:Psychometrics
572:
570:
567:
565:
562:
560:
557:
555:
552:
550:
547:
545:
542:
540:
537:
535:
534:Consciousness
532:
530:
527:
525:
522:
520:
517:
515:
512:
510:
507:
505:
502:
501:
495:
494:
485:
482:
480:
477:
475:
472:
470:
467:
465:
462:
460:
457:
455:
454:Psychotherapy
452:
450:
449:Psychometrics
447:
445:
442:
440:
437:
435:
432:
430:
427:
425:
422:
420:
417:
415:
412:
410:
407:
405:
402:
400:
397:
395:
392:
390:
387:
385:
382:
380:
377:
375:
372:
370:
367:
365:
362:
360:
357:
355:
352:
350:
347:
345:
342:
340:
337:
335:
332:
330:
327:
325:
322:
321:
316:
311:
310:
301:
298:
296:
293:
291:
288:
286:
283:
281:
278:
276:
273:
271:
268:
266:
263:
261:
258:
256:
253:
251:
248:
246:
243:
241:
238:
236:
233:
231:
228:
226:
223:
221:
220:Developmental
218:
216:
213:
211:
208:
206:
203:
199:
196:
195:
193:
191:
187:
184:
182:
179:
177:
174:
172:
169:
167:
164:
162:
159:
157:
154:
153:
148:
143:
142:
137:
134:
132:
129:
127:
124:
123:
122:
121:
117:
113:
112:
109:
105:
101:
100:
91:
88:
80:
77:December 2012
70:
66:
60:
59:
53:
48:
39:
38:
33:
19:
6625:
6612:
6599:
6586:
6345:Sociobiology
6275:
6203:Neuroscience
6183:Intelligence
5729:Anthropology
5682:Color vision
5667:Multitasking
5646:Flynn effect
5641:Intelligence
5623:Folk biology
5366:Evolutionary
5256:
5244:
5192:Neuroimaging
5187:Neurogenesis
5071:Neurohistory
5036:Neurobiotics
4935:neuroscience
4932:
4903:Neurosurgery
4828:Epileptology
4810:neuroscience
4779:Neurophysics
4769:Neurometrics
4744:Neurobiology
4739:Neuroanatomy
4709:Connectomics
4643:Neuroscience
4446:Larry Squire
4441:Bruce McEwen
4436:Amos Tversky
4406:Jerome Kagan
4396:Noam Chomsky
4336:Hans Eysenck
4306:Harry Harlow
4286:Erik Erikson
4185:Intelligence
4082:Neuroimaging
3825:Quantitative
3790:Mathematical
3785:Intelligence
3775:Experimental
3770:Evolutionary
3760:Differential
3727:
3669:Psychologist
3574:
3573:
3489:
3472:Keiji Tanaka
3346:
3337:
3318:
3297:
3273:
3259:
3233:
3213:
3187:Neuroscience
3186:
3167:
3120:
3116:
3106:
3065:
3061:
3055:
3044:. Retrieved
3037:the original
3023:
3011:. Retrieved
3007:
2997:
2988:
2979:
2965:
2954:. Retrieved
2950:the original
2940:
2935:, 4, 565-588
2932:
2916:
2904:. Retrieved
2900:the original
2895:
2886:
2874:. Retrieved
2870:
2861:
2852:
2840:
2831:
2822:
2782:(2): 81–97.
2779:
2775:
2769:
2760:
2751:
2718:
2714:
2708:
2673:
2669:
2659:
2645:
2612:
2608:
2598:
2587:. Retrieved
2583:
2574:
2563:. Retrieved
2559:
2550:
2541:
2532:
2520:
2503:
2499:
2493:
2460:
2456:
2450:
2425:
2421:
2415:
2396:
2376:
2372:
2359:
2326:
2322:
2278:
2274:
2254:. Retrieved
2209:. Retrieved
2205:
2196:
2175:
2160:Neuroscience
2004:Eye-tracking
1993:
1954:Intelligence
1912:optogenetics
1909:
1901:
1880:
1876:Edvard Moser
1860:John O'Keefe
1833:
1800:
1796:
1795:
1773:eye tracking
1729:
1715:
1696:Noam Chomsky
1680:cognitivists
1677:
1663:Angelo Mosso
1647:
1623:
1610:
1583:
1569:20th century
1551:
1527:Broca's area
1516:
1485:
1482:
1460:brain damage
1452:
1423:
1412:
1398:19th century
1368:
1330:
1322:neuroscience
1319:
1295:
1288:
1284:Broca's area
1260:
1233:
1222:
1214:neurobiology
1186:neuroscience
1169:
1168:
977:Oliver Sacks
942:Muriel Lezak
937:Edith Kaplan
902:Phineas Gage
760:Neuroanatomy
744:
559:Intelligence
290:Quantitative
255:Mathematical
250:Intelligence
240:Experimental
235:Evolutionary
225:Differential
83:
74:
55:
6484:Determinism
6396:Coevolution
6340:Primatology
6178:Gender role
6083:Orientation
5963:Screen time
5820:Affectional
5802:Development
5481:Mate choice
5408:By-products
5376:Adaptations
5339:Cognitivism
5061:Neuroethics
4908:Neurotology
4518:Disciplines
4491:Susan Fiske
4381:Roger Brown
4281:Carl Rogers
4266:Jean Piaget
4231:Ivan Pavlov
4087:Observation
4067:Experiments
4014:Suicidology
3909:Educational
3864:Anomalistic
3835:Theoretical
3810:Personality
3740:Comparative
3723:Cognitivism
3714:Behaviorism
2867:"About CNS"
2463:(1): 6–13.
2379:(2): 45–49.
1887:Peter Dayan
1864:Kavli Prize
1848:Brain Prize
1735:(1985) and
1594:J.B. Watson
1586:behaviorism
1534:neurologist
1473:brain lobes
1070:Stroop Test
972:Pasko Rakic
932:Eric Kandel
755:Human brain
601:Disciplines
474:Suicidology
369:Educational
324:Anomalistic
300:Theoretical
275:Personality
205:Comparative
190:Cognitivism
181:Behaviorism
69:introducing
6431:Population
6426:Lamarckism
6272:behavioral
6250:Behavioral
6198:Narcissism
6143:Aggression
5933:Hypophobia
5923:Depression
5810:Attachment
5792:Universals
5756:Psychology
5734:Biological
5722:Musicology
5712:Aesthetics
5611:Basophobia
5418:Exaptation
5396:Reciprocal
5222:Neurotoxin
4923:Psychiatry
4581:Wikisource
4426:Paul Ekman
4261:Kurt Lewin
4155:Competence
4077:Interviews
4057:Case study
3934:Humanistic
3914:Ergonomics
3899:Counseling
3874:Assessment
3856:psychology
3805:Perception
3765:Ecological
3681:psychology
3659:Philosophy
3643:Psychology
3300:, (2004),
3046:2011-12-01
2956:2015-11-10
2832:JungMinded
2721:: 315–41.
2589:2022-04-27
2565:2022-04-27
2256:2013-05-23
2211:2022-04-27
2167:References
1974:Perception
1939:Creativity
1821:supervised
1720:David Marr
1590:psychology
1503:cerebellum
1491:cerebellum
1426:phrenology
1420:Phrenology
1403:Phrenology
1392:Psychology
1356:, and the
1344:(PET) and
1326:psychology
1190:psychology
1174:biological
892:David Bohm
847:Perception
529:Competence
394:Humanistic
374:Ergonomics
359:Counseling
334:Assessment
270:Perception
230:Ecological
108:Psychology
52:references
6276:cognitive
6268:Affective
6153:Cognition
6107:Sexuality
6093:Pair bond
5853:Education
5510:Cognition
5428:Inclusive
5368:processes
5356:Criticism
5167:Neurochip
4933:Cognitive
4858:Neurology
4601:Wikibooks
4591:Wikiquote
4461:Ed Diener
4246:Carl Jung
4150:Cognition
3979:Political
3889:Community
3719:Cognitive
2784:CiteSeerX
2556:"Aphasia"
2442:146717837
2351:205403489
1924:Attention
1891:Ray Dolan
1881:In 2017,
1834:In 2014,
1767:, facial
1634:Gazzaniga
1507:brainstem
1372:Aristotle
1178:cognition
1007:(patient)
807:Attention
524:Cognition
439:Political
349:Community
186:Cognitive
136:Subfields
6643:Category
6545:Memetics
6305:Ethology
6263:genetics
6098:Physical
6063:Jealousy
6018:Activity
5824:maternal
5780:Religion
5768:Morality
5746:Language
5627:taxonomy
5440:Mismatch
5386:Cheating
5381:Altruism
5246:Category
5130:Concepts
5076:Neurolaw
4808:Clinical
4596:Wikinews
4553:Timeline
4175:Feelings
4170:Emotions
4130:Behavior
4121:Concepts
3999:Religion
3984:Positive
3974:Pastoral
3959:Military
3924:Forensic
3919:Feminist
3904:Critical
3894:Consumer
3884:Coaching
3879:Clinical
3854:Applied
3750:Cultural
3689:Abnormal
3603:Archived
3211:(1992).
3149:24046763
3098:12688628
3090:15016991
2925:Archived
2814:15654531
2806:13310704
2743:11869810
2735:10845067
2700:21549742
2637:38146862
2629:12404267
2485:34077852
2477:23323528
2343:19110322
2303:40594131
2295:19457461
2053:See also
1964:Learning
1959:Language
1949:Emotions
1563:Brodmann
1523:Wernicke
1464:epilepsy
1384:Alcmaeon
1348:(fMRI).
1272:learning
852:Planning
832:Learning
750:Dementia
636:Timeline
549:Feelings
544:Emotions
504:Behavior
498:Concepts
459:Religion
444:Positive
434:Pastoral
419:Military
384:Forensic
379:Feminist
364:Critical
354:Consumer
344:Coaching
339:Clinical
215:Cultural
156:Abnormal
6446:Species
6218:Suicide
6053:Fantasy
6033:Arousal
5815:Bonding
5704:Culture
5528:Display
5515:Emotion
5423:Fitness
5312:History
5258:Commons
4671:science
4659:History
4654:Outline
4528:Outline
4024:Traffic
4019:Systems
3954:Medical
3780:Gestalt
3654:History
3593:of the
3140:3764402
3123:: 610.
3070:Bibcode
3062:Science
3013:6 March
2876:25 June
2691:3390154
1990:Methods
1338:Fritsch
1263:lesions
1225:Neurons
862:Thought
802:Arousal
611:Outline
484:Traffic
479:Systems
414:Medical
245:Gestalt
131:History
126:Outline
65:improve
6624:
6611:
6598:
6188:Memory
6148:Autism
6115:female
6048:Desire
5785:Origin
5761:Speech
5751:Origin
5523:Affect
4994:fields
4558:Topics
4004:School
3929:Health
3830:Social
3733:Social
3679:Basic
3664:Portal
3487:about
3354:
3329:
3308:
3286:
3248:
3221:
3193:
3174:
3147:
3137:
3096:
3088:
2906:6 June
2812:
2804:
2786:
2741:
2733:
2698:
2688:
2635:
2627:
2483:
2475:
2440:
2403:
2349:
2341:
2301:
2293:
1969:Memory
1918:Topics
1771:, and
1702:&
1700:Newell
1630:Sperry
1538:stroke
1531:German
1505:, and
1468:clonic
1334:Hitzig
1282:, and
1268:memory
1254:, and
1216:, and
875:People
837:Memory
723:Topics
641:Topics
464:School
389:Health
295:Social
198:Social
54:, but
6158:Crime
5741:Crime
5672:Sleep
5662:skill
5502:Areas
4669:Basic
4505:Lists
3964:Music
3949:Media
3944:Legal
3795:Moral
3094:S2CID
3040:(PDF)
3033:(PDF)
2810:S2CID
2739:S2CID
2633:S2CID
2481:S2CID
2438:S2CID
2369:(PDF)
2347:S2CID
2299:S2CID
2251:(PDF)
1753:SPECT
1704:Simon
1519:Broca
1434:scalp
1380:Galen
1022:Tests
1005:K.C.
587:Lists
424:Music
409:Media
404:Legal
260:Moral
6111:male
5472:Male
4190:Mind
3352:ISBN
3327:ISBN
3306:ISBN
3284:ISBN
3246:ISBN
3219:ISBN
3191:ISBN
3172:ISBN
3145:PMID
3086:PMID
3015:2017
2908:2022
2878:2023
2802:PMID
2731:PMID
2696:PMID
2625:PMID
2473:PMID
2401:ISBN
2339:PMID
2291:PMID
1889:and
1874:and
1858:and
1842:and
1823:and
1807:and
1757:NIRS
1751:and
1737:fMRI
1698:and
1652:and
1650:fMRI
1632:and
1556:and
1521:and
1440:and
1428:, a
1336:and
1324:and
1300:and
1238:and
1204:and
1188:and
564:Mind
6010:Sex
5687:Eye
3238:doi
3135:PMC
3125:doi
3078:doi
3066:303
3008:BBC
2794:doi
2723:doi
2686:PMC
2678:doi
2617:doi
2508:doi
2465:doi
2430:doi
2331:doi
2283:doi
1801:ART
1769:EMG
1749:PET
1745:MEG
1741:EEG
1733:TMS
1654:PET
1270:or
6645::
3325:,
3321:,
3304:,
3296:,
3244:.
3207:;
3143:.
3133:.
3119:.
3115:.
3092:.
3084:.
3076:.
3064:.
3006:.
2987:.
2931:,
2894:.
2869:.
2830:.
2808:.
2800:.
2792:.
2780:63
2778:.
2737:.
2729:.
2719:23
2717:.
2694:.
2684:.
2674:51
2672:.
2668:.
2631:.
2623:.
2613:38
2611:.
2607:.
2582:.
2558:.
2504:17
2502:.
2479:.
2471:.
2461:22
2459:.
2436:.
2424:.
2385:^
2375:.
2371:.
2345:.
2337:.
2327:32
2325:.
2311:^
2297:.
2289:.
2279:15
2277:.
2265:^
2238:^
2220:^
2204:.
2184:^
1885:,
1854:,
1838:,
1775:.
1710:.
1686:.
1592:.
1501:,
1475:.
1352:,
1304:.
1258:.
1250:,
1246:,
1242:,
1231:.
1220:.
1200:,
1196:,
6486:/
6278:/
6274:/
6270:/
6261:/
6252:/
6113:/
6109:/
6100:/
5880:/
5826:/
5822:/
5660:/
5634:/
5625:/
5552:/
5512:/
5474:/
5293:e
5286:t
5279:v
4635:e
4628:t
4621:v
3721:/
3635:e
3628:t
3621:v
3360:.
3333:.
3290:.
3254:.
3240::
3227:.
3199:.
3180:.
3151:.
3127::
3121:4
3100:.
3080::
3072::
3049:.
3017:.
2991:.
2959:.
2910:.
2880:.
2834:.
2816:.
2796::
2745:.
2725::
2702:.
2680::
2653:.
2639:.
2619::
2592:.
2568:.
2514:.
2510::
2487:.
2467::
2444:.
2432::
2426:1
2409:.
2377:2
2353:.
2333::
2305:.
2285::
2259:.
2214:.
1799:(
1158:e
1151:t
1144:v
690:e
683:t
676:v
188:/
90:)
84:(
79:)
75:(
61:.
34:.
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
