22:
168:-type retort classified as a hot recycled solids technology. Mining was conducted in a 60 ft (18 m)-thick portion of the Mahogany Zone in the Parachute Creek Member of the Green River Formation at depths of 860 ft (260 m) and 600 ft (180 m) by a one-bench system. Pillar dimensions were 58 ft (18 m) by 58 ft (18 m) and rooms were 55 ft (17 m) wide.
80:
formed the Colony
Development joint venture. The aim of the newly formed joint venture was to develop the Colony Oil Shale Project and to commercialize the TOSCO II technology. Starting in 1965 the consortium operated a shale oil pilot plant and in 1968 the Colony Development started preparations to
171:
The planned commercial scale plant was to contain six TOSCO II retorts with total input capacity of 66,000 ton of oil shale per day. The proposed plant was to produce about 46,000 bbl (7,300 m) of shale oil per day. The project was also to consists of shale oil upgrading plant for hydrogen
88:
joined the project acquiring part of Tosco's stake. However the commercial project was delayed by economic uncertainties and then resurrected in the 1970s after the Arab oil embargo. In 1972 the consortium stopped the pilot plant and the development of the commercial plant was suspended in
November
104:
In 1980 Atlantic
Richfield Company sold its share to Exxon for $ 300 million. In 1981 the Colony Development started a construction of the commercial scale shale oil plant. On 2 May 1982 Exxon announced the termination of the project because of low oil-prices and increased expenses laying off more
100:
joined the project. In the late 1970s
Standard Oil of Ohio, Cleveland Cliffs Iron Company, Shell and Ashaland Oil sold their shares to Atlantic Richfield Company. As a result of these transactions Tosco owned 40% of shares and Atlantic Richfield Company owned 60% of shares in the project.
105:
than 2,000 workers resulting in the date becoming known among locals as "Black Sunday". According to the shareholders agreement in a case of project termination Exxon had an obligation to buy out Tosco's shares. It paid $ 380 million worth of compensation.
21:
203:
309:
Oil Shale
Development in the United States. Prospects and Policy Issues. Prepared for the National Energy Technology Laboratory of the U.S. Department of Energy
820:
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per year. At the moment of cancellation the estimated costs would exceed $ 5.5 billion in then-year dollars or about $ 10 billion in 2005 dollars.
130:
The Colony
Development's property located in the southern edge of the Piceance Basin in northwestern Colorado, approximately 200 miles (320 km) west of
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1974 when more detailed economic studies indicated a more than three times higher cost than previously anticipated.
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treating to remove nitrogen and sulfur compounds. This plant was scheduled to produce about 17 million barrels (2.7
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60:. Over time the project was developed by a consortium of different companies until it was terminated by
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A Case Study of Long-Term
Stability in the Colony Oil Shale Mine, Piceance Creek Basin, Colorado
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244:(2). Division of Minerals and Geology of Colorado Geological Survey. April 2004. Archived from
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546:"Recommendations for a synthetic fuels commercialization program. Volume 1: Overview report"
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type oil shale mine and aboveground shale oil pilot plant with input capacity of 1,000
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Bartis, James T.; LaTourrette, Tom; Dixon, Lloyd; Peterson, D.J.; Cecchine, Gary (2005).
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on 2 May 1982 a day which is known amongst locals as "Black Sunday".
721:. Golden: 26th Oil shale symposium. UCRL-CONF-226717. Archived from
161:
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During its existence the project produced 270 thousand barrels (43
20:
716:"Comparison of the acceptability of various oil shale processes"
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776:(65). American Association of Petroleum Geologists: 2283–2289.
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of oil shale per day which used TOSCO II retort a horizontal
48:. The project consisted of an oil shale mine and pilot-scale
714:
Burnham, Alan K.; McConaghy, James R. (16 October 2006).
611:. Snowbird, Utah: 17th U.S. Symposium on Rock Mechanics.
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The pilot stage of the project consisted of underground
204:
History of the oil shale industry in the United States
25:
The Colony oil shale development site in August 1973.
182: m) of premium petroleum products, 52,000
555:. Synfuels Interagency Task Force. November 1975.
16:Oil shale development project in Colorado, US
8:
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354:"Oil Shale: History, Incentives, and Policy"
782:10.1306/03b59986-16d1-11d7-8645000102c1865d
483:
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275:"Coaxing oil from huge U.S. shale deposits"
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768:Knutson, Carroll F. (1981). "Oil Shale".
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411:"An Assessment of Oil Shale Technologies"
359:. Congressional Research Service. RL33359
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72:The project started in 1964 when Tosco,
607:Agapito, J. F. T.; Page, J. B. (1976).
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231:"Oil shale—enormous potential but...?"
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416:. June 1980. NTIS order #PB80-210115
273:Collier, Robert (4 September 2006).
821:ExxonMobil buildings and structures
841:1982 disestablishments in Colorado
352:Andrews, Anthony (13 April 2006).
14:
628:. Colorado School of Mines. 2005
81:build a commercial-scale plant.
836:1964 establishments in Colorado
190:, and 41,000 long tons of
801:Oil shale in the United States
498:. Hubbert Peak. Archived from
1:
78:Cleveland Cliffs Iron Company
54:TOSCO II retorting technology
209:Rio Blanco Oil Shale Company
669:"Mahogany Research Project"
36:development project at the
857:
493:"Review on oil shale data"
149:
86:Atlantic Richfield Company
811:Garfield County, Colorado
134:. It located next to the
136:Union Shale Oil property
30:Colony Shale Oil Project
279:San Francisco Chronicle
749:Cite journal requires
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380:Cite journal requires
26:
146:Technical description
24:
806:Petroleum production
505:on 28 September 2007
74:Standard Oil of Ohio
728:on 13 February 2016
674:. Royal Dutch Shell
561:1975rsfc....1......
462:"Tosco Corporation"
816:Mining in Colorado
464:. Funding Universe
140:Unocal Corporation
27:
326:978-0-8330-3848-7
98:Shell Oil Company
58:Tosco Corporation
52:, which used the
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158:room-and-pillar
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138:, developed by
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56:, developed by
50:shale oil plant
42:Parachute Creek
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118: m) of
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623:"Oil Shale"
94:Ashland Oil
795:Categories
732:17 January
678:17 January
632:17 January
566:17 January
564:Retrieved
509:17 January
468:17 January
420:17 January
363:17 January
332:17 January
215:References
150:See also:
831:Shell plc
120:shale oil
34:oil shale
491:(2005).
238:RockTalk
198:See also
184:long ton
126:Location
92:In 1974
84:In 1969
46:Colorado
557:Bibcode
255:28 July
192:ammonia
68:History
32:was an
323:
284:14 May
188:sulfur
132:Denver
76:, and
726:(PDF)
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672:(PDF)
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357:(PDF)
313:(PDF)
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234:(PDF)
62:Exxon
40:near
755:help
734:2009
701:help
680:2009
655:help
634:2009
589:help
568:2009
532:help
511:2009
470:2009
443:help
422:2009
386:help
365:2009
334:2009
321:ISBN
286:2008
257:2007
96:and
778:doi
186:of
162:ton
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