137:
1455:
606:
102:
302:
has been interpreted by some authors as the sister group of
Coleoptera and Strepsiptera (as its own extinct order, Skleroptera), but this interpretation has been disputed and it has been alternatively suggested to be a member of the extinct order
509:
288:
of DNA sequence data. The grouping is also supported by morphological data. The
Coleopterida are estimated to have first appeared during the
416:
Beutel, Rolf G.; Pohl, Hans; Yan, Evgeny V.; Anton, Eric; Liu, Si-Pei; Ślipiński, Adam; McKenna, Duane; Friedrich, Frank (January 2019).
502:
136:
1569:
495:
1139:
1484:
521:
1564:
1559:
1531:
466:
460:
Beutel, R.G.; Xu, C.; Jarzembowski, E.; Kundrata, R.; Boudinot, B.E.; McKenna, D.D.; Goczał, J. (2024).
285:
1390:
377:
Alexander G. Kirejtshuk; Andre Nel (2019). "Reply to the Paper "Beutel et al. 2018. Is †Skleroptera (†
1332:
1312:
269:
1405:
116:
110:
1420:
298:
253:
122:
1430:
1352:
1327:
439:
398:
356:
131:
1536:
1522:
1347:
418:"The phylogeny of Coleopterida (Hexapoda) – morphological characters and molecular phylogenies"
1380:
1322:
1173:
859:
471:
429:
390:
348:
1400:
1317:
1307:
1284:
851:
462:"The evolutionary history of Coleoptera (Insecta) in the late Palaeozoic and the Mesozoic"
304:
417:
1459:
1415:
1410:
1395:
1342:
945:
214:
1553:
1370:
1362:
588:
580:
402:
289:
201:
59:
443:
360:
1302:
1075:
1052:
986:
941:
773:
716:
545:
281:
277:
246:
188:
1507:
1466:
1516:
1425:
1357:
1289:
1244:
1190:
1091:
1021:
872:
810:
686:
335:
Rolf G. Beutel; Evgeny V. Yan; Jarmila
Kukalová-Peck (2019). "Is †Skleroptera (†
34:
1375:
1099:
909:
818:
802:
786:
614:
394:
352:
312:
308:
273:
241:
79:
44:
1337:
1181:
1141:
1116:
969:
880:
839:
826:
657:
644:
605:
539:
168:
148:
84:
101:
1501:
1385:
1294:
1083:
953:
745:
551:
74:
69:
54:
49:
39:
1454:
724:
476:
461:
434:
293:
89:
64:
1061:
961:
888:
794:
703:
695:
533:
518:
178:
158:
1478:
292:
period, but the earliest confirmed fossils of the group date to the
1149:
487:
1482:
1269:
564:
491:
1159:
381:) an order in the stemgroup of Coleopterida (Insecta)?"".
339:) an order in the stemgroup of Coleopterida (Insecta)?".
1102:(net-winged insects: lacewings, mantidflies, antlions)
1491:
1172:
1130:
1115:
1074:
1043:
1034:
985:
939:
908:
871:
838:
771:
744:
715:
694:
685:
656:
613:
579:
372:
370:
503:
8:
455:
453:
330:
328:
280:. It is established as the sister group of
1479:
1277:
1266:
1127:
1040:
1013:
936:
932:
779:
768:
764:
691:
682:
678:
637:
576:
572:
561:
510:
496:
488:
100:
20:
475:
433:
1231:Four most speciose orders are marked in
821:(crickets, wetas, grasshoppers, locusts)
324:
7:
1094:(alderflies, dobsonflies, fishflies)
272:of insects consisting of the orders
296:. The Carboniferous insect species
383:Insect Systematics & Evolution
341:Insect Systematics & Evolution
14:
1453:
604:
135:
1:
1024:(sawflies, wasps, ants, bees)
972:(cicadas, aphids, true bugs)
1586:
1162:(gnats, mosquitoes, flies)
1055:(twisted-winged parasites)
727:(dragonflies, damselflies)
1447:
1280:
1276:
1265:
1227:
1016:
935:
782:
767:
681:
640:
602:
575:
571:
560:
528:
395:10.1163/1876312X-00002206
353:10.1163/1876312X-00002187
238:
233:
132:Scientific classification
130:
108:
99:
23:
813:(stick and leaf insects)
1240:are paraphyletic groups
883:(cockroaches, termites)
647:(silverfish, firebrats)
591:(jumping bristletails)
1532:Paleobiology Database
467:Systematic Entomology
422:Systematic Entomology
286:phylogenetic analysis
16:Superorder of insects
1193:(moths, butterflies)
470:. Early View: 1–34.
299:Stephanastus polinae
123:Stephanastus polinae
120:(Strepsiptera) and
117:Caenocholax fenyesi
111:Dytiscus latissimus
1570:Insect superorders
1460:Insects portal
1431:Triadophlebioptera
477:10.1111/syen.12623
435:10.1111/syen.12316
1547:
1546:
1485:Taxon identifiers
1476:
1475:
1443:
1442:
1439:
1438:
1381:Palaeodictyoptera
1366:
1298:
1261:
1260:
1257:
1256:
1223:
1222:
1219:
1218:
1215:
1214:
1211:
1210:
1207:
1206:
1203:
1202:
1194:
1185:
1163:
1153:
1145:
1123:
1111:
1110:
1103:
1095:
1087:
1065:
1056:
1025:
981:
980:
973:
965:
957:
904:
903:
900:
899:
892:
884:
863:
860:Mantophasmatodea
855:
844:
830:
822:
814:
806:
798:
790:
740:
739:
736:
735:
728:
707:
696:Ephemeropteroidea
648:
600:
599:
592:
263:
262:
1577:
1540:
1539:
1527:
1526:
1525:
1512:
1511:
1510:
1480:
1458:
1457:
1391:Permoplectoptera
1364:
1323:Diaphanopterodea
1296:
1278:
1267:
1192:
1183:
1174:Amphiesmenoptera
1161:
1155:
1151:
1143:
1133:
1128:
1122:
1119:
1101:
1093:
1085:
1063:
1054:
1041:
1037:
1023:
1014:
971:
963:
956:(barklice, lice)
955:
947:
937:
933:
890:
882:
861:
853:
852:Grylloblattodea
842:
828:
820:
812:
804:
796:
788:
780:
776:
769:
765:
726:
705:
692:
683:
679:
646:
638:
608:
590:
577:
573:
562:
512:
505:
498:
489:
482:
481:
479:
457:
448:
447:
437:
413:
407:
406:
374:
365:
364:
332:
315:, the earwigs).
140:
139:
104:
94:
31:
27:Temporal range:
21:
1585:
1584:
1580:
1579:
1578:
1576:
1575:
1574:
1550:
1549:
1548:
1543:
1535:
1530:
1521:
1520:
1515:
1506:
1505:
1500:
1487:
1477:
1472:
1452:
1435:
1401:Protelytroptera
1333:Eudiaphanoptera
1318:Coxoplectoptera
1313:Carbotriplurida
1308:Campylopteridae
1285:Aethiocarenodea
1272:
1253:
1199:
1168:
1144:(scorpionflies)
1131:
1120:
1118:
1107:
1070:
1035:
1030:
1008:
1006:
1004:
1002:
1000:
998:
996:
994:
992:
990:
988:
977:
927:
925:
923:
921:
919:
917:
915:
913:
911:
896:
867:
841:
834:
829:(angel insects)
772:
759:
757:
755:
753:
751:
749:
747:
732:
711:
673:
671:
669:
667:
665:
663:
661:
659:
652:
632:
630:
628:
626:
624:
622:
620:
618:
616:
609:
596:
567:
556:
524:
516:
486:
485:
459:
458:
451:
415:
414:
410:
376:
375:
368:
334:
333:
326:
321:
305:Protelytroptera
134:
95:
93:
92:
87:
82:
77:
72:
67:
62:
57:
52:
47:
42:
37:
30:Permian–Present
29:
28:
25:
17:
12:
11:
5:
1583:
1581:
1573:
1572:
1567:
1562:
1552:
1551:
1545:
1544:
1542:
1541:
1528:
1513:
1497:
1495:
1489:
1488:
1483:
1474:
1473:
1471:
1470:
1463:
1448:
1445:
1444:
1441:
1440:
1437:
1436:
1434:
1433:
1428:
1423:
1418:
1416:Protozygoptera
1413:
1411:Protorthoptera
1408:
1406:Protephemerida
1403:
1398:
1396:Protanisoptera
1393:
1388:
1383:
1378:
1373:
1368:
1365:(griffinflies)
1363:Meganisoptera
1360:
1355:
1350:
1345:
1343:Glosselytrodea
1340:
1335:
1330:
1325:
1320:
1315:
1310:
1305:
1300:
1292:
1287:
1281:
1274:
1273:
1270:
1263:
1262:
1259:
1258:
1255:
1254:
1252:
1251:
1241:
1235:
1228:
1225:
1224:
1221:
1220:
1217:
1216:
1213:
1212:
1209:
1208:
1205:
1204:
1201:
1200:
1198:
1197:
1187:
1178:
1176:
1170:
1169:
1167:
1166:
1156:
1136:
1134:
1125:
1113:
1112:
1109:
1108:
1106:
1105:
1097:
1089:
1084:Raphidioptera
1080:
1078:
1072:
1071:
1069:
1068:
1058:
1049:
1047:
1038:
1036:Neuropteroidea
1032:
1031:
1029:
1028:
1017:
1011:
983:
982:
979:
978:
976:
975:
967:
959:
950:
948:
930:
906:
905:
902:
901:
898:
897:
895:
894:
886:
877:
875:
869:
868:
866:
865:
857:
854:(ice-crawlers)
848:
846:
836:
835:
833:
832:
824:
816:
808:
800:
792:
783:
777:
762:
742:
741:
738:
737:
734:
733:
731:
730:
721:
719:
713:
712:
710:
709:
704:Ephemeroptera
700:
698:
689:
676:
654:
653:
651:
650:
641:
635:
611:
610:
603:
601:
598:
597:
595:
594:
589:Archaeognatha
585:
583:
569:
568:
565:
558:
557:
555:
554:
548:
542:
536:
529:
526:
525:
517:
515:
514:
507:
500:
492:
484:
483:
449:
408:
389:(3): 375–383.
366:
347:(5): 670–678.
323:
322:
320:
317:
311:of the modern
261:
260:
259:
258:
251:†Skleroptera (
249:
244:
236:
235:
231:
230:
225:
218:
217:
215:Neuropteroidea
212:
205:
204:
199:
192:
191:
186:
182:
181:
176:
172:
171:
166:
162:
161:
156:
152:
151:
146:
142:
141:
128:
127:
126:(Skleroptera)
114:(Coleoptera),
106:
105:
97:
96:
88:
83:
78:
73:
68:
63:
58:
53:
48:
43:
38:
33:
32:
26:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
1582:
1571:
1568:
1566:
1563:
1561:
1558:
1557:
1555:
1538:
1533:
1529:
1524:
1518:
1514:
1509:
1503:
1499:
1498:
1496:
1494:
1490:
1486:
1481:
1469:
1468:
1464:
1462:
1461:
1456:
1450:
1449:
1446:
1432:
1429:
1427:
1424:
1422:
1419:
1417:
1414:
1412:
1409:
1407:
1404:
1402:
1399:
1397:
1394:
1392:
1389:
1387:
1384:
1382:
1379:
1377:
1374:
1372:
1371:Megasecoptera
1369:
1367:
1361:
1359:
1356:
1354:
1351:
1349:
1346:
1344:
1341:
1339:
1336:
1334:
1331:
1329:
1326:
1324:
1321:
1319:
1316:
1314:
1311:
1309:
1306:
1304:
1301:
1299:
1293:
1291:
1288:
1286:
1283:
1282:
1279:
1275:
1268:
1264:
1250:
1248:
1242:
1239:
1236:
1234:
1230:
1229:
1226:
1196:
1195:
1188:
1186:
1184:(caddisflies)
1180:
1179:
1177:
1175:
1171:
1165:
1164:
1157:
1154:
1150:Siphonaptera
1147:
1146:
1138:
1137:
1135:
1129:
1126:
1124:
1121:(Mecopterida)
1114:
1104:
1098:
1096:
1090:
1088:
1082:
1081:
1079:
1077:
1073:
1067:
1066:
1059:
1057:
1053:Strepsiptera
1051:
1050:
1048:
1046:
1042:
1039:
1033:
1027:
1026:
1019:
1018:
1015:
1012:
1010:
984:
974:
968:
966:
962:Thysanoptera
960:
958:
952:
951:
949:
944:
943:
938:
934:
931:
929:
907:
893:
887:
885:
879:
878:
876:
874:
870:
864:
858:
856:
850:
849:
847:
845:
837:
831:
825:
823:
817:
815:
809:
807:
805:(webspinners)
801:
799:
793:
791:
785:
784:
781:
778:
775:
770:
766:
763:
761:
743:
729:
723:
722:
720:
718:
714:
708:
702:
701:
699:
697:
693:
690:
688:
684:
680:
677:
675:
655:
649:
643:
642:
639:
636:
634:
612:
607:
593:
587:
586:
584:
582:
578:
574:
570:
563:
559:
553:
549:
547:
543:
541:
537:
535:
531:
530:
527:
523:
520:
513:
508:
506:
501:
499:
494:
493:
490:
478:
473:
469:
468:
463:
456:
454:
450:
445:
441:
436:
431:
428:(1): 75–102.
427:
423:
419:
412:
409:
404:
400:
396:
392:
388:
384:
380:
373:
371:
367:
362:
358:
354:
350:
346:
342:
338:
331:
329:
325:
318:
316:
314:
310:
306:
301:
300:
295:
291:
290:Carboniferous
287:
283:
279:
275:
271:
267:
256:
255:
250:
248:
245:
243:
240:
239:
237:
232:
229:
226:
223:
220:
219:
216:
213:
210:
207:
206:
203:
202:Aparaglossata
200:
197:
194:
193:
190:
187:
184:
183:
180:
177:
174:
173:
170:
167:
164:
163:
160:
157:
154:
153:
150:
147:
144:
143:
138:
133:
129:
125:
124:
119:
118:
113:
112:
107:
103:
98:
91:
86:
81:
76:
71:
66:
61:
56:
51:
46:
41:
36:
22:
19:
1565:Holometabola
1560:Coleopterida
1523:Coleopterida
1493:Coleopterida
1492:
1465:
1451:
1421:Syntonoptera
1303:Caloneurodea
1295:Blattoptera
1246:
1237:
1232:
1191:Lepidoptera
1189:
1182:Trichoptera
1158:
1140:
1092:Megaloptera
1086:(snakeflies)
1076:Neuropterida
1060:
1045:Coleopterida
1044:
1022:Hymenoptera
1020:
942:Paraneoptera
940:
862:(gladiators)
811:Phasmatodea
789:(stoneflies)
774:Polyneoptera
717:Odonatoptera
581:Monocondylia
546:Pancrustacea
544:(unranked):
465:
425:
421:
411:
386:
382:
379:Stephanastus
378:
344:
340:
337:Stephanastus
336:
297:
282:Neuropterida
278:Strepsiptera
266:Coleopterida
265:
264:
257:) (disputed)
254:Stephanastus
252:
247:Strepsiptera
228:Coleopterida
227:
221:
208:
195:
189:Holometabola
185:(unranked):
121:
115:
109:
24:Coleopterida
18:
1517:Wikispecies
1467:Wikispecies
1426:Titanoptera
1358:Lapeyriidae
1353:Hypoperlida
1328:Eoblattodea
1297:(roachoids)
1290:Archodonata
1132:Antliophora
1100:Neuroptera
1062:Coleoptera
873:Dictyoptera
843:(Xenonomia)
819:Orthoptera
803:Embioptera
795:Dermaptera
787:Plecoptera
687:Palaeoptera
550:Subphylum:
1554:Categories
1376:Miomoptera
1142:Mecoptera
970:Hemiptera
891:(mantises)
881:Blattodea
827:Zoraptera
706:(mayflies)
645:Zygentoma
540:Arthropoda
319:References
313:Dermaptera
309:stem group
274:Coleoptera
270:superorder
242:Coleoptera
169:Arthropoda
1508:Q21215044
1348:Heraridea
1338:Geroptera
1243:Based on
1117:Panorpida
1064:(beetles)
954:Psocodea
889:Mantodea
840:Notoptera
797:(earwigs)
532:Kingdom:
403:202027899
284:based on
155:Kingdom:
149:Eukaryota
1502:Wikidata
1386:Paoliida
1160:Diptera
964:(thrips)
725:Odonata
552:Hexapoda
538:Phylum:
534:Animalia
444:92390950
361:90936851
165:Phylum:
159:Animalia
145:Domain:
1271:Extinct
1245:Sasaki
1152:(fleas)
946: *
294:Permian
234:Orders
179:Insecta
175:Class:
1537:183849
1249:(2013)
1247:et al.
1238:Italic
566:Extant
522:orders
519:Insect
442:
401:
359:
440:S2CID
399:S2CID
357:S2CID
268:is a
222:Clade
209:Clade
196:Clade
1233:bold
276:and
35:PreꞒ
472:doi
430:doi
391:doi
349:doi
307:(a
1556::
1534::
1519::
1504::
1148:+
464:.
452:^
438:.
426:44
424:.
420:.
397:.
387:51
385:.
369:^
355:.
345:50
343:.
327:^
224::
211::
198::
85:Pg
1009:a
1007:l
1005:o
1003:b
1001:a
999:t
997:e
995:m
993:o
991:l
989:o
987:H
928:a
926:l
924:o
922:b
920:a
918:t
916:e
914:m
912:u
910:E
760:a
758:r
756:e
754:t
752:p
750:o
748:e
746:N
674:a
672:t
670:o
668:g
666:y
664:r
662:e
660:t
658:P
633:a
631:i
629:l
627:y
625:d
623:n
621:o
619:c
617:i
615:D
511:e
504:t
497:v
480:.
474::
446:.
432::
405:.
393::
363:.
351::
90:N
80:K
75:J
70:T
65:P
60:C
55:D
50:S
45:O
40:Ꞓ
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