Common raccoon dog - Knowledge (XXG)

42: 463: 1685: 1310:(diseases hopping to humans from other species). There were over a thousand common raccoon dogs for sale in the market, and about nine thousand other animals. Samples collected in the market in early 2020 showed high levels of SARS-CoV-2 and common raccoon dog genetic material (often both in the same samples), especially from a stall ("Stall 29") that kept a cage of raccoon-dogs on top of a cage containing poultry, optimum conditions for the virus to hop the species barrier. The existence of such a stall has been contested by Chinese authorities; the stall had been photographed in 2014 by 971: 865: 1351:, stumbled across the samples on March 4, 2023, and brought them to the attention of others. An international team of researchers assembled to analyze the new data, but when they reached out to the Chinese researchers from the Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention who uploaded the data, not only did they not get a reply, but also the samples were removed from the public database by the uploaders. Analysis of the downloaded sequences is proceeding without Chinese collaboration, as of March 16, 2023. 425: 743: 1742:. Fewer than 1,000 pelts were produced in all remaining republics and districts. Successful common raccoon dog introductions in Kalinin resulted in animals with denser and softer fur: The length of guard and top hairs increased by 7.96%, that of the underfur increased by 5.3%. The thickness of the guard and top hairs decreased by 3.41%. The density of the fur increased by 11.3%. They also became darker in colour, with black-brown pelts occurring in 8% of specimens, as opposed to 3% in their homeland. 1029: 1693:

depends upon the guard hairs being erect, which is only possible in silkier furs. Small common raccoon dog pelts with silky fur command higher prices than large, coarse-furred ones. Due to their long and coarse guard hairs and their woolly fur fibre, which has a tendency to felt or mat, common raccoon dog pelts are used almost exclusively for fur trimmings. Japanese raccoon dog pelts, though smaller than other geographic variants, are the most valued variety, with specimens from

94: 1714: 1362:, at which several of the Chinese researchers were present. Shortly afterwards, changes in the status of the preprint suggested that it was under review for print publication. The international research team welcomed the move and hoped the Chinese team's paper would be revised to include the full genetic data, saying they would also be publishing an analysis and hoped that, as scientists, they would work together on the issues. 69: 916: 216: 475:

the torso. A dark stripe is present on the back, which broadens on the shoulders, forming a cross shape. The abdomen is yellowish-brown, while the chest is dark brown or blackish. The muzzle is covered in short hair, which increases in length and quantity behind the eyes. The cheeks are coated with long, whiskery hairs. The summer fur is brighter and reddish straw-coloured.

1644: 1753:, which were more valuable. An investigation by three animal protection groups into the Chinese fur trade in 2004 and part of 2005 asserts approximately 1.5 million common raccoon dogs are raised for fur in China. The common raccoon dog comprises 11% of all animals hunted in Japan. Twenty percent of domestically produced fur in Russia is from the common raccoon dog. 1021: 1676:

dog hunts usually result in the capture of two to seven individuals. Between 18,000 and 70,000 Japanese raccoon dogs were killed in Japan from the post-WWII period to 1982. Japan intensified its common raccoon dog culling starting in the 1970s, averaging 4,529 kills annually between 1990 and 1998. The numbers killed have since decreased.

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raw data be published prior to review, academics had been expecting the publication of the raw data behind the preprint paper. No raw genetic data had previously been accessible to any academics not working at Chinese institutions until the genetic sequences from some of the market swabs were uploaded to

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In Finland, 60,000–70,000 common raccoon dogs were hunted in 2000, increasing to 170,000 in 2009 and 164,000 in 2010. Hunting of common raccoon dogs in Hungary began in 1997, with an annual catch of one to nine animals. In Poland, 6,200 were shot in 2002–2003. Annual Swedish and Danish common raccoon

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analysis of these samples in February 2022, concluding that the coronavirus in the samples had likely been brought in by humans, not the animals on sale, but omissions in the analysis had raised questions, and the raw sample data had not yet been released. As academic journals often require that the

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Russian trade in common raccoon dogs was quite developed in the Primorye and Ussuri areas in the 1880s. The world trade of common raccoon dog pelts during 1907–1910 amounted to 260,000–300,000, of which an estimated 20,000 (5–8%) came from Russia, though more recent figures estimate a lesser number

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arrived at the site. Although the samples do not definitively prove that the raccoon dog is the "missing" intermediate animal host in the bat-to-human transmission chain, it does show that common raccoon dogs were present in the Huanan market at the time of the initial SARS-CoV-2 outbreak, in areas

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lasts for 45–60 days, though pups begin eating food brought to them as early as the age of three weeks to one month. They reach their full size at the age of 4.5 months. Pups leave their parents in late August–September. By October, the pups, which by then resemble adults, unite in pairs.

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lasts 61–70 days, with pups being born in April–May. Litter sizes typically consist of 6–8 pups, though 15–16 pups can be born in exceptional cases. First-time mothers typically give birth to fewer pups than older ones. Males take an active role in raising the pups. This male role is

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Weights fluctuate according to season: in March they weigh 3 kg (6.6 lb), while in August to early September males average 6.5–7 kg (14–15 lb), with some individuals attaining a maximal weight of 9–10 kg (20–22 lb). Specimens from Japanese and Russian studies have been

451:– (1.5–2.0 times longer than other canids). They have long torsos and short legs. Total lengths can range from 45 to 71 cm (18 to 28 in). The tail, at 12 to 18 cm (4.7 to 7.1 in) long, is short, amounting to less than a third of the animal's total length and hangs below the 1692:

When used on clothing, the fur of the common raccoon dog is often called "murmansky" or "tanuki" fur. In the United States, it is marketed as "Asiatic raccoon", and in Northern Europe as "Finn raccoon". Generally, the quality of the pelt is based on the silkiness of the fur, as its physical appeal

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and coarse guard hairs measuring 120 millimetres (4.7 in) in length. The winter fur protects common raccoon dogs from low temperatures ranging down to −20 to −25 °C (−4 to −13 °F). It is of a dirty, earth-brown, or brownish-grey colour with black guard hairs. The tail is darker than

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After the trade began, the number of catches increased sharply; from 1953–1961, it fluctuated between 30,000 and 70,000. In the latter year, about 10,000 were taken from their natural range in the Far East, while 56,000 were taken in their introduced range. Of the 56,000, 6,500 came from Belarus,

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is the most efficient method in common raccoon dog hunts, having success rates of 80–90%, as opposed to 8–10% with guns and 5–7% with traps. Unless they retreat in their burrows, hunted common raccoon dogs can be quickly strangled by hunting dogs. Traps are usually set at their burrows, along the

1749:, with 15 state farms keeping them in 1934. Common raccoon dogs were the principal furbearers farmed during the early years of collective farms, particularly in Ukraine. By the 1940s, this practice lessened in popularity, as the common raccoon dogs required almost the same types of food as 1217:

The common raccoon dog is now abundant throughout Finland, Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania, and has been reported as far away as Denmark, Norway, and Sweden, Belarus, Poland, Germany, Netherlands, Belgium, Luxembourg, France, Switzerland, Czech Republic, Hungary, Romania, Bulgaria, Serbia, and

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and their introduced range, common raccoon dogs hibernate only during severe snowstorms. In December, their physical activity decreases once snow depth reaches 15–20 cm (5.9–7.9 in), and limit the range from their burrows to no more than 150–200 m (490–660 ft). Their daily

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Common raccoon dogs adapt their diets to the season; in late autumn and winter they feed mostly on rodents, carrion, and feces, while fruit, insects, and amphibians predominate in spring. In summer they eat fewer rodents, and mainly target nesting birds, fruits, grains, and vegetables.

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very significant, as demonstrated by early releases in 1928 of pregnant females without males, resulting in very limited success at introduction, while later releases of pairs from 1929 until the 1960s resulted in the common raccoon dog's now-extensive introduced European range.

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animals, with pair formations usually occurring in autumn. Captive males, however, have been known to mate with four or five females. Males will fight briefly, but not fatally, for mates. Copulation occurs during the night, or at dawn, and typically will last 6–9 minutes.

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These samples were swabs of surfaces in the market; samples from the actual animals in the market would be more conclusive but were not collected. The market was closed on 1 January 2020, and the animals were removed before public-health authorities from the Chinese

778:. Their eyes open after 9–10 days, with the teeth erupting after 14–16 days. Guard hairs begin to grow after 10 days, and first appear on the hips and shoulders. After two weeks, they lighten in colour, with black tones remaining only around the eyes. 1790:(HSUS) filed a false-advertising complaint with the US Federal Trade Commission alleging at least 20 retailers in the U.S. had been mislabeling common raccoon dog fur. They assert 70% of fur garments they tested were common raccoon dog, but were mislabeled as 803:. In early winter, they increase their subcutaneous fat by 18–23% and their internal fat by 3–5%. Animals failing to reach these fat levels usually do not survive the winter. During their hibernation, their metabolism decreases by 25%. In areas such as 1382:

On 17 March 2022, the WHO director-general said that the data should have been shared three years earlier, and called on China to be more transparent in its data-sharing. Further data from further samples has not yet been made public, and

41: 332:) in that they hibernate during cold winters and can climb trees. They are widespread in their native range, and are invasive in Europe where they were introduced for the fur trade. The similar Japanese raccoon dog ( 328:. Named for its raccoon-like face markings, it is most closely related to foxes. Common raccoon dogs feed on many animals and plant matter, and are unusual among canids (dogs, foxes, and other members of the family 1809:

On 19 March 2013, three U.S. retailers settled lawsuits with the U.S. government following an investigation that confirmed they had been selling common raccoon dog fur, but labeling it as fake (‘faux’) fur.

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coming close behind, while Korean and southern Chinese are the least valued. When raised in captivity, common raccoon dogs can produce 100 g (3.5 oz) of wool of slightly lesser quality than that of

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Common raccoon dogs eat beached fish and fish trapped in small water bodies. They rarely catch fish during the spawning season, but eat many during the spring thaw. In their southern range, they eat young

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of 5,000–6,000; 12,000 common raccoon dogs were caught in the 1930s. In their introduced range, licensed trade of common raccoon dogs began in 1948–1950, with restrictions being removed in 1953–1955.

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In 1948, 35 common raccoon dogs were introduced into Latvia. The population increased rapidly. In 1960, Latvia officially reported a total of 4,210 common raccoon dogs were hunted.

2807: 1273: 416:(the Union list). This implies that this species cannot be imported, bred, transported, commercialized, or intentionally released into the environment in the whole of the European Union. 2192:"REGULATION (EU) No 1143/2014 of the European parliament and of the council of 22 October 2014 on the prevention and management of the introduction and spread of invasive alien species" 1359: 2931: 571:

are usually taken in Ukraine. Common raccoon dogs are able to eat toads that have toxic skin secretions by producing copious amounts of saliva to dilute the toxins. They prey on

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fastened bells to the collars of their common raccoon dog hounds. In their introduced range, common raccoon dogs are usually caught incidentally during hunts for other species.

2145: 3395:"The raccoon dog (Nyctereutes procyonoides) and the raccoon (Procyon lotor)—their role and impact of maintaining and transmitting zoonotic diseases in Austria, Central Europe" 1229: 2829: 1327: 1315: 3710: 3099: 9469: 413: 2661: 1348: 2195: 1390:

The Chinese government has long insisted that the virus originated outside China, and until June 2021 denied that live animals were traded at the Huanan market.

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Guan, Y.; Zheng, B. J.; He, Y. Q.; Liu, X. L.; Zhuang, Z. X.; Cheung, C. L.; Luo, S. W.; Li, P. H.; Zhang, L. J.; Guan, Y. J.; Butt, K. M. (10 October 2003).

9733: 1276:(SARS). However, genetic analysis has since convinced most experts that bats are the natural hosts. Raccoon dogs were most likely only transient accidental 3779: 3745: 2295:

Han, Jae-Ik; Yang, Hyun; Jeung, Eui-Bae; Na, Ki-Jeong (2012). "Altered expression of melanocortin-1 receptor (MC1R) in a yellow-coloured wild raccoon dog (

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lasts from a few hours to six days, during which females may mate up to five times. Females enter estrus again after 20–24 days, even when pregnant.

1225:(the mainland of Denmark, directly connected to Germany), with further projects mainly aimed at limiting or preventing its spread on the Danish islands. 3556: 3317: 690:

are the main predators of common raccoon dogs, killing large numbers of them in spring and summer, though attacks have been reported in autumn, too. In

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by its larger size and denser, longer hair. After being introduced to western USSR, it now occurs throughout Northern, Central and Eastern Europe.

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is largely unknown; animals 6–7 years of age have been encountered in the wild, while captive specimens have been known to live for 11 years.

9778: 9692: 9495: 1611:, where they feed almost exclusively on eggs and chicks during the spring period. Birds amount to 15–20% of their diets in Lithuania, 46% on the 1896:"Evolutionary and biogeographical implications of variation in skull morphology of raccoon dogs (Nyctereutes procyonoides, Mammalia: Carnivora)" 436:, though genetic studies reveal they are not closely related. Their skulls are small, but sturdily built and moderately elongated, with narrow 389:, and not closely related. Among the Canidae, the common raccoon dog shares the habit of regularly climbing trees only with the North American 2803: 2622: 1093: 2921: 2716: 2461: 3544: 2556: 1123:

did not fare well, due to harsh winters and scarce food. Common raccoon dogs also fared badly in the mountainous regions of the Caucasus,

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Due to the fur trade, the common raccoon dog has been widely introduced in Europe, where it has been treated as a potentially hazardous

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Ikeda, Hiroshi (August 1986). "Old, new tricks: Asia's raccoon, a venerable member of the canid family is pushing into new frontiers".

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In response, Denmark set a goal of zero breeding for common raccoon dogs by 2015. However, by 2018, it had become fully established in

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that the raw data had "nothing new", and he refused to answer questions about why his research team had removed it from the database.

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Reflecting their omnivorous diets, common raccoon dogs have small and weak canines and carnassials, flat molars, and relatively long

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that were also positive for SARS-CoV-2 RNA, and substantially strengthens this hypothesis as the proximal origin of the pandemic.

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The introduction of the common raccoon dog to Europe is thought to have brought with it infected ticks that introduced the Asian

694:, wolf predation can account for more than half of dog deaths, while in northwestern Russia, it can amount to almost two-thirds. 5521: 2845: 9539: 3702: 2390: 1399: 1314:, an Australian virologist who visited the market while working with local researchers, and while a guest professor with the 9697: 9500: 3107: 2252:"Cloning and association analysis of KIT and EDNRB polymorphisms with dominant white coat color in the Chinese raccoon dog ( 2069: 3272: 9768: 9547: 7739: 1041: 3767: 2745: 1684: 864: 705:

compete with common raccoon dogs for food, and have been known to kill them if common raccoon dogs enter their burrows.

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Drygala, F.; Stier, N.; Zoller, H.; Boegelsack, K.; Mix, H.M. & Roth, M. (2008). "Habitat use of the raccoon dog (

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At birth, pups weigh 60–110 g (2.1–3.9 oz), and are blind and covered in short, dense, soft wool lacking

9565: 9763: 9753: 9748: 9435: 6056: 3576: 1355: 2777:. Coordinated research projects for the conservation and management of carnivores in Switzerland. Archived from 9743: 9114: 9009: 7748: 6038: 5733: 4782: 1815: 1354:

On March 14, 2022, the international group of researchers presented a preliminary analysis at a meeting of the

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On 19 September 2014, the HSUS announced Kohl's had been selling common raccoon dog fur as faux fur.

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activities increase during February when the females become receptive, and when food is more available.

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trade, destroying their nests and eating their young. In Ukraine, common raccoon dogs are harmful to

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Russia (Siberian Ussuri and Amur territories), northeastern China, North Korea; introduced to Europe

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The common raccoon dog is named for the resemblance of its masked face to that of the North American

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Trapping a Living: Conservation and Socio-Economic Aspects of the Fur Trade in the Russian Far East

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Heptner, V.G.; Naumov, N.P., eds. (1998). "Sirenia and Carnivora (Sea cows; Wolves, and Bears)".

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was the first region to be colonised, with individuals being transplanted from islands in the

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fur, after an investigation concluded garments were actually made from common raccoon dog.

1424: 1375: 1318:(CCDC) from 2014 to 2020; it had also been filmed by a local in December 2019 and posted on 1311: 1232:

identified the common raccoon dog as one of 20 invasive species likely to spread to the UK.

1152: 1116: 1049: 872: 767: 397: 205: 9599: 9513: 3739: 3512: 1713: 543:, as well as fruits, nuts, and berries. Among the rodents targeted by common raccoon dogs, 9573: 9249: 9240: 9168: 9123: 8785: 8735: 8726: 8601: 8547: 8491: 8360: 8333: 8226: 8044: 8003: 7968: 7713: 6776: 6456: 6447: 5954: 5692: 5141: 4591: 4518: 4212: 4017: 3951: 3928: 3548: 3499: 2149: 1489: 1176: 1164: 1160: 1144: 1136: 1097: 1089: 947: 784: 702: 433: 367: 357: 6489: 4476: 1761:

In several widely publicized incidents, clothing advertised and sold as having synthetic

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begins from early February to late April, depending on location. Common raccoon dogs are

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without touching the ground. The ears are short and protrude only slightly from the fur.

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Common raccoon dog skulls greatly resemble those of South American foxes, particularly

3492: 3211:"Unearthed genetic sequences from China market may point to animal origin of COVID-19" 2023:. Canid Species Accounts. Pridobljeno: IUCN/SSC Canid Specialist Group. Archived from 1651:

Common raccoon dogs are typically hunted from November until the snow deepens. In the

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announced new regulations banning the sale of common raccoon dog fur in its stores.

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Sutor, Astrid; Kauhala, Kaarina; Ansorge, Hermann (2010). "Diet of the raccoon dog

1698: 1664: 1506: 1444: 1188: 1184: 1140: 1124: 1085: 1053: 722: 714: 452: 341: 9658: 2374: 1387:, the WHO's COVID-19 technical lead, called for it to be made public immediately. 1373:, the former head of the CCDC and lead author on the February 2022 preprint, told 1287:, the common raccoon dog is the most likely intermediate host for transmission of 915: 3703:"Kohl's sells real fur as 'faux' again – The Humane Society of the United States" 2828:

Doycheva, V.; Angelov, I.; Popivanov, I.; Doychinova, T.; Shalamanov, D. (2015).

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A rare white colour type occurs in China. They can also come in a yellow colour.

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Paules, Catherine I.; Marston, Hillary D.; Fauci, Anthony S. (23 January 2020).

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Captive common raccoon dogs in Soviet state animal farms were recorded to carry

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was not able to reach the Chinese scientists for comment by March 16, 2022, but

1322:. Common raccoon dogs are known to be able to catch and spread COVID-19 easily. 1296: 1132: 1081: 923: 800: 775: 644: 548: 386: 346: 165: 1814:, DrJays.com, and Eminent (Revolve Clothing) reached settlements with the U.S. 215: 9036: 8282: 8213: 8200: 8167: 7953: 7691: 7451: 6999: 6976: 6862: 6853: 6802: 6767: 6743: 6507: 6406: 6355: 6301: 6283: 6256: 6163: 6113: 5512: 5485: 5413: 5396: 5159: 5132: 4978: 4882: 4866: 4702: 4582: 4422: 4258: 4125: 3917: 3885: 3869: 3410: 3393:

Duscher, Tanja; Hodžić, Adnan; Glawischnig, Walter; Duscher, Georg G. (2017).

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Yan, S.Q.; Bai, C.Y.; Qi, S.M.; Li, M.L.; Si, S.; Li, Y.M.; Sun, J.H. (2015).

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Kim, Sang-In; Oshida, Tatsuo; Lee, Hang; Min, Mi-Sook; Kimura, Junpei (2015).

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are their primary source of food. Plant food is highly variable, and includes

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Common raccoon dogs are usually silent, but males in rut may yelp and growl.

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floodlands, and 48.6% in the Voronezh Reserve. They are also harmful to the

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and their eggs. Insectivorous mammals hunted by common raccoon dogs include

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kill common raccoon dog pups, and have been known to bite adults to death.

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that do not incur financial penalties unless they mislabel the fur again.

412:). In Europe, since 2019, the common raccoon dog has been included on the 9638: 9312: 8664: 8127: 7944: 7920: 7281: 7131: 7077: 7013: 7008: 6961: 6893: 6811: 6681: 6430: 6421: 6319: 6274: 6154: 5987: 5811: 5724: 5633: 5623: 5602: 5562: 5449: 5381: 5289: 5280: 4600: 4396: 4149: 4032: 3999: 3848: 3836: 3572: 3100:"Marderhunde als Zwischenwirt? Drosten bringt neue Virusquelle ins Spiel" 2544: 1762: 1746: 1739: 1731: 1652: 1628: 1569: 1497: 1414: 1335: 1307: 1246: 1196: 1073: 978: 608: 600: 588: 560: 520: 492: 471: 390: 125: 21: 9578: 9357: 1020: 9684: 9448: 9046: 8893: 8767: 8482: 7994: 7324: 6790: 6346: 6310: 6177: 6145: 6129: 5642: 5345: 4924: 4405: 4312: 4230: 4158: 4100: 4077: 3970: 3749:, vol. 22 (11th ed.), Cambridge University Press, p. 774 2832:[Current status and perspectives for control of leishmaniasis] 2236: 1830: 1616: 1501: 1477: 1473: 1440: 1257:), a common raccoon dog, and humans working in a live-animal market in 1222: 1199:. In Ukraine, the greatest numbers of raccoon dogs were established in 1065: 695: 668: 652: 628: 536: 532: 516: 374: 329: 155: 50: 17: 9461: 1912: 1895: 9150: 9097: 8842: 8530: 8264: 6984: 6645: 6480: 6237: 5674: 4446: 4372: 4321: 4303: 4276: 4197: 4059: 3842: 3830: 1799: 1795: 1745:

Captive breeding of common raccoon dogs was initiated in 1928 in the

1406: 1340: 760: 672: 636: 616: 592: 587:

are commonly hunted in their introduced range, and many instances of

584: 500: 496: 401: 382: 135: 115: 9289: 3648: 3598:"Investigation Shows Raccoon Dog Most Misrepresented Fur in America" 2227: 2210: 9409: 3273:"New Data Links Pandemic's Origins to Raccoon Dogs at Wuhan Market" 9132: 8991: 8934: 8807: 8610: 8467: 8094: 8076: 7699: 7369: 6618: 6603: 5264: 4555: 4050: 3738: 2617:(3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. pp. 532–628. 1718: 1712: 1683: 1660: 1642: 1624: 1583: 1410: 1092:

regions. In the following year, they were further introduced into

1027: 1019: 741: 660: 656: 648: 640: 604: 461: 423: 321: 3235:"'He Goes Where the Fire Is': A Virus Hunter in the Wuhan Market" 2922:"Raccoon dogs may be Britain's next non-native pest, study finds" 2877: 2614:

Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference

1127:, and Moldova. However, successful introductions occurred in the 8506: 7402: 6727: 6663: 4336: 4068: 3318:"The Strongest Evidence Yet That an Animal Started the Pandemic" 1703: 1632: 1546: 1427:

occurs in common raccoon dogs inhabiting the northern Caucasus.

825: 687: 624: 556: 544: 524: 512: 508: 9396: 9293: 8198: 7655: 6959: 6111: 5246: 4687: 3867: 3789: 459:

shown to be on average larger than those from Chinese studies.

6636: 6245: 4573: 2698: 632: 540: 1040:

subspecies were introduced in 76 districts, territories, and

1012:), but is currently thought to represent a distinct species. 466:

The distinctly raccoon-like markings of a raccoon dog's face.

3768:

A track of Raccoon dog's introduction in Europe on GPSed.com

2646:

Miervaldis Bušs; Jānis Vanags (1987). "Medību saimniecība".

2048:

Macdonald, David W.; Sillero-Zubir, Claudio (24 June 2004).

1990:. Vol. II. USA: Science Publishers, Inc. Part 1a. 440:. The projections of the skull are well-developed, with the 381:). The closest relatives of the common raccoon dogs are the 1228:

In June 2021, a study commissioned by the United Kingdom's

547:

seem to predominate in swampy areas, but are replaced with

3491:

Hsieh-Yi, Yi-Chiao, Yu Fu, Mark Rissi and Dr Barbara Maas

2448:

Carr, Kelly (2004). Shefferly, Nancy; Myers, Phil (eds.).

2209:

Ward, Oscar C.; Wurster-Hill, Doris H. (23 October 1990).

1775:

had pulled from its shelves and its website two styles of

3600:. The Humane Society of the United States. Archived from 3011:"Coronavirus Infections – More than Just the Common Cold" 2512:

Valtonen, M. H.; Rajakoski, E. J.; Makela, J. I. (1977).

2116:. World Association of Zoos and Aquariums. Archived from 1726:

5,000 in Ukraine, 4,000 each for Latvia, Lithuania, and

1360:

Scientific Advisory Group for Origins of Novel Pathogens

2838:Български медицински журнал (Bulgarian medical journal) 2738:"Invasive species in Belgium: Nyctereutes procyonoides" 1302:

An early locus of COVID-19 transmission was the Huanan

1295:

to humans, as common raccoon dogs are bred in China in

2830:"Състояние и перспективи за контрола на лайшманиозата" 1672:

shores of water bodies, and around marshes and ponds.

1274:

severe acute respiratory syndrome–related coronavirus

1131:, European Russia (particularly in then-Kalinin, now 2338:— a canid with an opportunistic foraging strategy". 1056:. By 1934, common raccoon dogs were introduced into 9628: 9302: 9095: 9044: 9035: 8989: 8965: 8932: 8891: 8840: 8806: 8765: 8724: 8707: 8662: 8636: 8627: 8528: 8504: 8480: 8454: 8377: 8322: 8280: 8263: 8239: 8211: 8166: 8125: 8092: 8075: 8016: 7966: 7933: 7907: 7844: 7803: 7770: 7711: 7690: 7668: 7570: 7529: 7501: 7467: 7450: 7400: 7367: 7323: 7280: 7261: 7170: 7129: 7075: 7049: 7025: 6997: 6975: 6919: 6892: 6883: 6824: 6789: 6765: 6741: 6726: 6715: 6616: 6557: 6542: 6469: 6419: 6387: 6372: 6235: 6202: 6176: 6143: 6127: 6027: 5985: 5845: 5810: 5755: 5722: 5672: 5631: 5622: 5601: 5560: 5510: 5484: 5447: 5412: 5395: 5379: 5343: 5302: 5278: 5263: 5210: 5025: 4986: 4977: 4922: 4881: 4863: 4813: 4760: 4711: 4700: 4651: 4553: 4489: 4463: 4435: 4394: 4385: 4334: 4247: 4210: 4184: 4147: 4123: 4114: 4098: 4030: 3997: 3988: 3968: 3926: 3915: 3883: 1779:hooded jackets, originally advertised as featuring 3316: 2681:Mammalian Biology – Zeitschrift für Säugetierkunde 2514:"Reproductive features in the female raccoon dog ( 2221:(358). The American Society of Mammalogists: 1–5. 1230:Department for Environment, Food and Rural Affairs 1328:Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention 1316:Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention 799:Common raccoon dogs are the only canids known to 350:. Other names for the common raccoon dog include 3348:Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology 3344:"the Asian tick-borne meningoencephalitis virus" 2152:. UPI.com (2009-09-04). Retrieved on 2011-01-27. 3228: 3226: 3224: 559:are the most commonly taken amphibians; in the 414:list of Invasive Alien Species of Union concern 3145:"SARS: The First Pandemic of the 21st Century" 2892:"Elskovsyge skadedyr klar til at invadere Fyn" 2768:"Monitoring der Raubtiere in der Schweiz 2004" 1874:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-1.RLTS.T14925A85658776.en 1349:French National Center for Scientific Research 1036:From 1928 to 1958, 10,000 raccoon dogs of the 824:As of 2005, four subspecies are recognised by 3801: 3493:Fun Fur? A report on the Chinese fur industry 2373:Kauhala, K.; Kaunisto, M.; Helle, E. (1993). 444:being particularly prominent in old animals. 8: 3674:"A faux faux fur kerfuffle at Nieman Marcus" 2421:Journal of the Mammalogical Society of Japan 1659:and mongrels. In the 19th century, the 1044:in an attempt to improve their fur quality. 470:The winter fur is long and thick with dense 3540:Dronova, Natalia and Shestakov, Alexander. 3310: 3308: 3306: 3122:"Der Marderhund als Coronavirus-Schleuder?" 2482: 2480: 2478: 2051:The Biology and Conservation of Wild Canids 1802:, or other animals. In December 2009, 1549:are known to be carried by them, including 9290: 9041: 8820: 8721: 8642: 8633: 8460: 8277: 8219: 8208: 8195: 8089: 7913: 7708: 7665: 7652: 7584: 7481: 7464: 7329: 7294: 7277: 7055: 7022: 6972: 6956: 6889: 6795: 6738: 6723: 6554: 6399: 6384: 6182: 6140: 6124: 6108: 5816: 5628: 5619: 5490: 5418: 5409: 5392: 5314: 5275: 5260: 5256: 5243: 5207: 4983: 4893: 4878: 4860: 4766: 4708: 4697: 4684: 4469: 4391: 4190: 4120: 4111: 3994: 3985: 3981: 3965: 3923: 3912: 3891: 3880: 3864: 3808: 3794: 3786: 3569:"Sean John jackets were made with dog fur" 3304: 3302: 3300: 3298: 3296: 3294: 3292: 3290: 3288: 3286: 2660:: CS1 maint: location missing publisher ( 2400:– via Biodiversity Heritage Library. 830: 214: 67: 40: 31: 3426: 3369: 3359: 3170: 3160: 3075: 3026: 2977: 2581:Foxes, Wolves, and Wild Dogs of the World 2489:Foxes, Wolves, and Wild Dogs of the World 2432: 2271: 2226: 1981: 1979: 1977: 1975: 1973: 1971: 1969: 1967: 1965: 1963: 1961: 1959: 1957: 1955: 1953: 1951: 1911: 1900:Biological Journal of the Linnean Society 1872: 1771:On 22 December 2006, MSNBC reported 1334:Some Chinese researchers had published a 3624:"Lord & Taylor Bans Raccoon Dog Fur" 3266: 3264: 3262: 3260: 3258: 3256: 3254: 3252: 3250: 3248: 3143:Cherry, James D; Krogstad, Paul (2004). 3050:Chan, P.K.; Chan, M.C. (5 August 2013). 2138: 2136: 2134: 2011: 2009: 2007: 1949: 1947: 1945: 1943: 1941: 1939: 1937: 1935: 1933: 1931: 3204: 3202: 3200: 3198: 3196: 3194: 3192: 3190: 2744:. Belgian Biodiversity Platform. 2019. 2143:Sweden says open season on raccoon dogs 1841: 385:, not the raccoon, which is one of the 225:Blue – native area (including range of 2653: 1405:Cases of common raccoon dogs carrying 1094:Leningradsky District (Krasnodar Krai) 787:is reached at 8–10 months. Their 340:), native to Japan, is the only other 3513:"Quality of the Environment in Japan" 2713:"Raccoon Dogs Spotted in Netherlands" 2254:Nyctereutes procyonoides procyonoides 1717:Chinese raccoon dog pelts on sale in 1688:Jacket with raccoon dog fur trimming. 1268:, were originally believed to be the 954:Southeastern China, northern Vietnam 7: 9436:f72a678f-1795-4b28-90e0-5561cbfd04dc 9734:IUCN Red List least concern species 5178:South African small-spotted genet ( 3271:Mueller, Benjamin (17 March 2023). 3068:10.3978/j.issn.2072-1439.2013.06.19 2415:Nyctereutes procyonoides viverrinus 1860:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 1788:Humane Society of the United States 1757:Misrepresentation as artificial fur 1599:Common raccoon dogs are harmful to 1582:Although they can be infected with 1016:Expanded range and invasive species 3649:"Real fur, masquerading as 'faux'" 3622:Donnelly, Erin (3 December 2009). 3482:, 3rd ed. New York: Prentice-Hall. 3315:Wu, Katherine J. (17 March 2023). 3162:10.1203/01.PDR.0000129184.87042.FC 2711:Pieters, Janene (7 October 2016). 2491:. London: Blandford. p. 119. 1008:was also considered a subspecies ( 320:, is a small, heavy-set, fox-like 14: 5522:Broad-striped Malagasy mongoose ( 2804:"Raccoon dogs invade Czech lands" 2742:Invasive Alien Species in Belgium 2411:Sasaki, H.; Kawabata, M. (1994). 1655:, they are hunted at night using 3342:Mlera, L.; Bloom, M. E. (2018). 2920:Barkham, Patrick (9 June 2021). 2874:) – Lille rovdyr – stor trussel" 2413:"Food habits of the raccoon dog 2313:10.1111/j.1365-3164.2012.01036.x 2198:from the original on 2017-03-03. 1488:Raccoon dogs carry 32 different 1264:Common raccoon dogs, as well as 969: 914: 863: 400:. In Scandinavia, it is called " 92: 3713:from the original on 2015-05-06 3684:from the original on 2016-01-05 3655:from the original on 2015-04-17 3630:from the original on 2011-08-10 3579:from the original on 2013-12-28 3523:from the original on 2015-06-15 3461:from the original on 2015-04-18 3106:. 26 April 2020. Archived from 2934:from the original on 2021-06-09 2902:from the original on 2019-07-27 2810:from the original on 2019-08-24 2748:from the original on 2019-08-29 2719:from the original on 2023-03-17 2562:from the original on 2018-07-19 2464:from the original on 2020-09-23 2417:in a mountainous area of Japan" 2393:from the original on 2020-07-24 2352:10.4098/j.at.0001-7051.035.2009 2173:from the original on 2019-08-19 2072:from the original on 2023-03-17 2016:Kauhala, K.; Saeki, M. (2004). 1849:Kauhala, K.; Saeki, M. (2016). 1283:According to German virologist 9779:Taxa named by John Edward Gray 3233:Zimmer, Carl (21 March 2022). 3052:"Tracing the SARS-coronavirus" 2802:Kenety, Brian (2 April 2012). 2383:Zeitschrift für Säugetierkunde 1400:tick-borne meningoencephalitis 591:predation are recorded in the 1: 4934:Malabar large-spotted civet ( 2679:) in north-eastern Germany". 2583:. London: Blandford. p. 121. 1603:populations, particularly in 1147:regions), in central Russia ( 1042:republics of the Soviet Union 27:Canid indigenous to East Asia 9196:Indonesian mountain weasel ( 8852:North American river otter ( 7740:Humboldt's hog-nosed skunk ( 4794:Macrogalidia musschenbroekii 3209:Cohen, Jon (16 March 2023). 2693:10.1016/j.mambio.2007.09.005 738:Reproduction and development 563:region, they frequently eat 6057:Somalian slender mongoose ( 3651:. Cnbc.com. 20 March 2013. 2434:10.11238/jmammsocjapan.19.1 1988:Mammals of the Soviet Union 1786:On 24 April 2008, the 1738:, Azerbaijan, Estonia, and 713:known to take dogs include 619:. In the Ussuri territory, 316:to distinguish it from the 231:Red – area of introduction 9795: 9010:Asian small-clawed otter ( 7749:American hog-nosed skunk ( 7731:Molina's hog-nosed skunk ( 6039:Angolan slender mongoose ( 5734:Ethiopian dwarf mongoose ( 4783:Small-toothed palm civet ( 3551:. TRAFFIC Europe – Russia 2375:"Diet of the raccoon dog, 1171:, etc.) as well as in the 611:, and, on rare occasions, 551:in flatland areas such as 15: 9774:Mammals described in 1834 8915: 8823: 8777:Saharan striped polecat ( 8748: 8645: 8463: 8222: 8207: 8194: 7916: 7758:Striped hog-nosed skunk ( 7664: 7651: 7587: 7489:Mediterranean monk seal ( 7484: 7332: 7297: 7218:Juan Fernández fur seal ( 7182:South American fur seal ( 7153: 7117:South American sea lion ( 7112: 7058: 6971: 6955: 6798: 6590: 6499:South American gray fox ( 6443: 6402: 6185: 6123: 6107: 6075:Common slender mongoose ( 5941: 5819: 5705: 5655: 5548:Narrow-striped mongoose ( 5543: 5493: 5421: 5317: 5259: 5255: 5242: 5206: 5070:Crested servaline genet ( 4896: 4859: 4769: 4696: 4683: 4472: 4418: 4193: 3984: 3964: 3911: 3894: 3879: 3863: 3825: 3782:—basic information, image 3480:Fur: a practical treatise 3411:10.1007/s00436-017-5405-2 1590:Relationships with humans 1409:are known from the lower 1356:World Health Organization 1341:an international database 1191:, and the level parts of 242: 235: 222: 213: 194: 187: 89:Scientific classification 87: 65: 56: 48: 39: 34: 9348:Nyctereutes_procyonoides 9334:Nyctereutes procyonoides 9304:Nyctereutes procyonoides 9133:Stoat/Beringian ermine ( 9001:African clawless otter ( 8753:African striped weasel ( 8566:Yellow-throated marten ( 8442:Formosan ferret-badger ( 8146:Western mountain coati ( 8137:Eastern mountain coati ( 8054:Western lowland olingo ( 8036:Eastern lowland olingo ( 7864:Southern spotted skunk ( 7558:Southern elephant seal ( 7549:Northern elephant seal ( 7339:Pagophilus groenlandicus 6116:("dog-like" carnivorans) 5929:Stripe-necked mongoose ( 5550:Mungotictis decemlineata 4425:Herpailurus yagouaroundi 3872:("cat-like" carnivorans) 3776:—article on raccoon dogs 3774:World Conservation Union 3361:10.3389/fcimb.2018.00298 2872:Nyctereutes procyonoides 2677:Nyctereutes procyonoides 2611:; Reeder, D. M. (eds.). 2579:Alderton, David (1998). 2516:Nyctereutes procyonoides 2487:Alderton, David (1998). 2452:Nyctereutes procyonoides 2377:Nyctereutes procyonoides 2336:Nyctereutes procyonoides 2297:Nyctereutes procyonoides 2213:Nyctereutes procyonoides 1853:Nyctereutes procyonoides 1816:Federal Trade Commission 569:European spadefoot toads 491:Common raccoon dogs are 408:, Norwegian and Danish: 305:Nyctereutes procyonoides 223:Common raccoon dog range 198:Nyctereutes procyonoides 16:Not to be confused with 9178:Yellow-bellied weasel ( 8433:Burmese ferret-badger ( 8415:Chinese ferret-badger ( 8406:Bornean ferret badger ( 8397:Vietnam ferret-badger ( 7882:Eastern spotted skunk ( 7873:Western spotted skunk ( 7603:Leptonychotes weddellii 7245:Subantarctic fur seal ( 7191:Australasian fur seal ( 6015:Black-footed mongoose ( 5997:Bushy-tailed mongoose ( 5946:White-tailed mongoose ( 5884:Indian brown mongoose ( 5866:Short-tailed mongoose ( 5857:Small Indian mongoose ( 5794:Flat-headed kusimanse ( 5767:Alexander's kusimanse ( 5743:Common dwarf mongoose ( 5710:Pousargues's mongoose ( 5572:Brown-tailed mongoose ( 5531:Grandidier's mongoose ( 4785:Arctogalidia trivirgata 4009:Sunda clouded leopard ( 3746:Encyclopædia Britannica 3478:Bachrach, Max. (1953). 2979:10.1126/science.1087139 2844:(2): 10. Archived from 2766:Zimmermann, F. (2004). 2701:, per journal website.) 2056:Oxford University Press 1496:species, 17 species of 1111:Common raccoon dogs in 9019:Congo clawless otter ( 8922:Hydrictis maculicollis 8920:Spotted-necked otter ( 8879:Southern river otter ( 8830:Pteronura brasiliensis 8593:European pine marten ( 8104:South American coati ( 7832:Palawan stink badger ( 7158:New Zealand sea lion ( 6223:Japanese raccoon dog ( 5920:Crab-eating mongoose ( 5875:Indian grey mongoose ( 5498:Ring-tailed vontsira ( 5309:(bone-crushing hyenas) 5004:Central African oyan ( 4565:Chinese mountain cat ( 3062:(Suppl 2): S118-5121. 3028:10.1001/jama.2020.0757 2301:Veterinary Dermatology 2273:10.4238/2015.June.12.8 1722: 1689: 1648: 1607:and the shorelines of 1347:, a researcher at the 1236:Diseases and parasites 1033: 1032:Raccoon dog in Finland 1025: 747: 467: 429: 334:Nyctereutes viverrinus 9587:Paleobiology Database 9259:Back-striped weasel ( 9205:Black-footed ferret ( 8977:Smooth-coated otter ( 8755:Poecilogale albinucha 8424:Javan ferret-badger ( 8310:Sumatran hog badger ( 8292:Northern hog badger ( 7986:Crab-eating raccoon ( 7891:Pygmy spotted skunk ( 7612:Lobodon carcinophagus 7348:Histriophoca fasciata 7141:Australian sea lion ( 7087:California sea lion ( 6836:American black bear ( 6578:Black-backed jackal ( 6569:Side-striped jackal ( 6409:Chrysocyon brachyurus 5833:Long-nosed mongoose ( 5106:Rusty-spotted genet ( 4943:Large-spotted civet ( 4792:Sulawesi palm civet ( 4721:Owston's palm civet ( 4295:Andean mountain cat ( 3770:—a long way to Europe 3399:Parasitology Research 2537:10.1530/jrf.0.0510517 2110:"Raccoon Dog, Tanuki" 1867:: e.T14925A85658776. 1716: 1687: 1646: 1564:Ctenocephalides felis 1551:Chaetopsylla trichosa 1251:Himalayan palm civets 1031: 1024:Raccoon dog sleeping. 1023: 745: 465: 427: 286:Nyctereutes stegmanni 278:Nyctereutes amurensis 9769:Mammals of East Asia 9431:Fauna Europaea (new) 9074:Long-tailed weasel ( 8652:Lyncodon patagonicus 8301:Greater hog badger ( 7823:Sunda stink badger ( 7513:Hawaiian monk seal ( 7236:Guadalupe fur seal ( 7209:Antarctic fur seal ( 7200:Galápagos fur seal ( 7096:Galápagos sea lion ( 6214:Common raccoon dog ( 6066:Cape gray mongoose ( 6006:Jackson's mongoose ( 5966:Paracynictis selousi 5957:Cynictis penicillata 5581:Durrell's vontsira ( 5169:Giant forest genet ( 4961:Large Indian civet ( 4901:Small Indian civet ( 4510:Sunda leopard cat ( 4286:Southern tiger cat ( 4222:African golden cat ( 3899:African palm civet ( 3575:. 22 December 2006. 3502:. Careforthewild.com 3451:"Fur Types in Brief" 2898:. 23 February 2018. 2458:Animal Diversity Web 1647:A caged raccoon dog. 1595:Game and crop damage 1006:Japanese raccoon dog 837:Trinomial authority 709:rarely attack them. 318:Japanese raccoon dog 270:Nyctereutes sinensis 227:Japanese raccoon dog 180:N. procyonoides 9117:M. aistoodonnivalis 8953:Hairy-nosed otter ( 8870:Neotropical otter ( 8650:Patagonian weasel ( 8113:White-nosed coati ( 7313:Cystophora cristata 7304:Erignathus barbatus 7037:Northern fur seal ( 6814:Helarctos malayanus 6450:Atelocynus microtis 6157:U. cinereoargenteus 6048:Egyptian mongoose ( 5975:Rhynchogale melleri 5973:Meller's mongoose ( 5964:Selous's mongoose ( 5948:Ichneumia albicauda 5902:Collared mongoose ( 5776:Angolan kusimanse ( 5660:Liberian mongoose ( 5013:West African oyan ( 4912:Civettictis civetta 4843:Golden palm civet ( 4801:Masked palm civet ( 4776:Arctictis binturong 4750:Hemigalus derbyanus 4748:Banded palm civet ( 4739:Hose's palm civet ( 4528:Rusty-spotted cat ( 3740:"Raccoon-dog" 2970:2003Sci...302..276G 1504:, and particularly 1245:A virus similar to 983:Distinguished from 860:Nominate subspecies 852:Chinese raccoon dog 719:white-tailed eagles 308:), also called the 59:Conservation status 35:Common raccoon dog 9759:Mammals of Vietnam 9630:Canis procyonoides 9232:European polecat ( 9065:Colombian weasel ( 8715:(African polecats) 8343:Caucasian badger ( 8271:(Eurasian badgers) 7721:(hog-nosed skunks) 7458:("southern seals") 7357:Halichoerus grypus 7288:("northern seals") 7160:Phocarctos hookeri 7065:Eumetopias jubatus 7063:Steller sea lion ( 6845:Asian black bear ( 6595:African wild dog ( 6549:(wolf-like canids) 5826:Atilax paludinosus 5785:Common kusimanse ( 5712:Dologale dybowskii 5684:Gambian mongoose ( 5468:Western falanouc ( 5459:Eastern falanouc ( 5428:Cryptoprocta ferox 5333:Parahyaena brunnea 5088:Johnston's genet ( 5043:Abyssinian genet ( 4995:(African linsangs) 4903:Viverricula indica 4834:Brown palm civet ( 4825:Asian palm civet ( 4732:Cynogale bennettii 4723:Chrotogale owstoni 4619:European wildcat ( 4610:Black-footed cat ( 4200:Leptailurus serval 4168:Asian golden cat ( 3934:(Asiatic linsangs) 3547:2013-03-24 at the 3498:2006-02-11 at the 3277:The New York Times 3239:The New York Times 3149:Pediatric Research 2148:2009-09-05 at the 1723: 1690: 1649: 1520:Dermacentor pictus 1492:, including eight 1385:Maria Van Kerkhove 1304:live animal market 1270:natural reservoirs 1266:masked palm civets 1249:was isolated from 1034: 1026: 985:N. p. procyonoides 962:Ussuri raccoon dog 938:Yunnan raccoon dog 907:Korean raccoon dog 856:N. p. procyonoides 748: 565:fire-bellied toads 468: 430: 428:Raccoon dog skull. 300:common raccoon dog 246:Canis procyonoides 9721: 9720: 9296:Taxon identifiers 9287: 9286: 9283: 9282: 9279: 9278: 9275: 9274: 9271: 9270: 9250:Siberian weasel ( 9241:American ermine ( 9169:Japanese weasel ( 9124:Mountain weasel ( 9108: 9031: 9030: 8817: 8802: 8801: 8798: 8797: 8786:Striped polecat ( 8736:Marbled polecat ( 8718: 8703: 8702: 8675: 8623: 8622: 8602:Japanese marten ( 8548:American marten ( 8541: 8399:M. cucphuongensis 8390: 8373: 8372: 8361:European badger ( 8334:Japanese badger ( 8274: 8227:American badger ( 8190: 8189: 8186: 8185: 8162: 8161: 8158: 8157: 8086: 8045:Northern olingo ( 8029: 8004:Cozumel raccoon ( 7979: 7903: 7902: 7857: 7816: 7724: 7705: 7647: 7646: 7643: 7642: 7639: 7638: 7635: 7634: 7631: 7630: 7621:Ommatophoca rossi 7594:Hydrurga leptonyx 7581: 7578:(Antarctic seals) 7551:M. angustirostris 7542: 7525: 7524: 7491:Monachus monachus 7478: 7461: 7446: 7445: 7442: 7441: 7291: 7274: 7257: 7256: 7119:Otaria flavescens 7108: 7107: 7019: 6987:Odobenus rosmarus 6951: 6950: 6947: 6946: 6943: 6942: 6939: 6938: 6902: 6879: 6878: 6875: 6874: 6777:Spectacled bear ( 6735: 6711: 6710: 6707: 6706: 6703: 6702: 6551: 6538: 6537: 6457:Crab-eating fox ( 6448:Short-eared dog ( 6396: 6381: 6368: 6367: 6250: 6192:Otocyon megalotis 6136: 6103: 6102: 6099: 6098: 6095: 6094: 6091: 6090: 6087: 6086: 5955:Yellow mongoose ( 5806: 5805: 5693:Banded mongoose ( 5662:Liberiictus kuhni 5616: 5597: 5596: 5593: 5592: 5480: 5479: 5406: 5375: 5374: 5371: 5370: 5367: 5366: 5311: 5272: 5238: 5237: 5234: 5233: 5230: 5229: 5202: 5201: 5198: 5197: 5194: 5193: 5190: 5189: 5142:Servaline genet ( 5061:Bourlon's genet ( 5036: 4997: 4973: 4972: 4855: 4854: 4827:P. hermaphroditus 4679: 4678: 4675: 4674: 4671: 4670: 4647: 4646: 4643: 4642: 4639: 4638: 4635: 4634: 4631: 4630: 4592:African wildcat ( 4549: 4548: 4519:Flat-headed cat ( 4459: 4458: 4243: 4242: 4180: 4179: 4094: 4093: 4090: 4089: 4018:Clouded leopard ( 3977: 3952:Spotted linsang ( 3936: 3901:Nandinia binotata 3707:Humanesociety.org 3680:. 20 March 2013. 3557:978 2 96005 051 6 3455:Furcommission.com 2964:(5643): 276–278. 2624:978-0-8018-8221-0 2605:"Order Carnivora" 2601:Wozencraft, W. C. 2340:Acta Theriologica 2219:Mammalian Species 1913:10.1111/bij.12629 1804:Lord & Taylor 1669:Hunting with dogs 1472:were recorded in 1285:Christian Drosten 1193:Northern Caucasus 1062:Northern Caucasus 1038:N. p. ussuriensis 1002: 1001: 998: 966:N. p. ussuriensis 930:Korean Peninsula 901: 894: 887: 434:crab-eating foxes 314:Asian raccoon dog 296: 295: 290: 282: 274: 266: 262:Nyctereutes albus 258: 250: 82: 9786: 9764:Fauna of Siberia 9754:Mammals of Korea 9749:Mammals of China 9714: 9713: 9701: 9700: 9688: 9687: 9675: 9674: 9662: 9661: 9649: 9648: 9647: 9621: 9620: 9608: 9607: 9595: 9594: 9582: 9581: 9569: 9568: 9556: 9555: 9553:NHMSYS0021109736 9543: 9542: 9530: 9529: 9517: 9516: 9504: 9503: 9491: 9490: 9478: 9477: 9465: 9464: 9452: 9451: 9439: 9438: 9426: 9425: 9413: 9412: 9400: 9399: 9387: 9386: 9374: 9373: 9361: 9360: 9351: 9350: 9338: 9337: 9336: 9323: 9322: 9321: 9291: 9223:Malayan weasel ( 9142:Steppe polecat ( 9115:Sichuan weasel ( 9107: 9106: 9102: 9042: 8979:L. perspicillata 8944:Eurasian otter ( 8821: 8816: 8815: 8811: 8722: 8717: 8716: 8712: 8691:Greater grison ( 8674: 8673: 8669: 8643: 8634: 8584:Nilgiri marten ( 8557:Pacific marten ( 8540: 8539: 8535: 8461: 8444:M. subaurantiaca 8389: 8388: 8387:(ferret-badgers) 8384: 8278: 8273: 8272: 8268: 8220: 8209: 8196: 8090: 8085: 8084: 8080: 8028: 8027: 8023: 7978: 7977: 7973: 7914: 7856: 7855: 7854:(spotted skunks) 7851: 7815: 7814: 7810: 7723: 7722: 7718: 7709: 7704: 7703: 7695: 7666: 7653: 7610:Crabeater seal ( 7585: 7580: 7579: 7575: 7541: 7540: 7539:(elephant seals) 7536: 7515:N. schauinslandi 7482: 7477: 7476: 7472: 7465: 7460: 7459: 7455: 7330: 7295: 7290: 7289: 7285: 7278: 7273: 7272: 7266: 7227:Brown fur seal ( 7202:A. galapagoensis 7089:Z. californianus 7056: 7023: 7018: 7017: 7003: 6973: 6965: 6957: 6901: 6900: 6896: 6890: 6805:Melursus ursinus 6796: 6739: 6734: 6731: 6724: 6691:Ethiopian wolf ( 6555: 6550: 6547: 6400: 6395: 6392: 6385: 6380: 6377: 6266:Blanford's fox ( 6249: 6242: 6183: 6141: 6135: 6132: 6125: 6117: 6109: 5911:Ruddy mongoose ( 5893:Javan mongoose ( 5824:Marsh mongoose ( 5817: 5796:C. platycephalus 5629: 5620: 5615: 5612: 5610: 5491: 5435:Malagasy civet ( 5419: 5410: 5405: 5400: 5393: 5388: 5315: 5310: 5307: 5276: 5271: 5268: 5261: 5257: 5244: 5208: 5035: 5032: 4996: 4993: 4984: 4894: 4890: 4879: 4874: 4861: 4767: 4709: 4698: 4685: 4479:Otocolobus manul 4470: 4392: 4268:Geoffroy's cat ( 4191: 4121: 4112: 4107: 3995: 3986: 3982: 3976: 3973: 3966: 3943:Banded linsang ( 3935: 3932: 3924: 3913: 3892: 3881: 3873: 3865: 3810: 3803: 3796: 3787: 3750: 3742: 3722: 3721: 3719: 3718: 3699: 3693: 3692: 3690: 3689: 3670: 3664: 3663: 3661: 3660: 3645: 3639: 3638: 3636: 3635: 3619: 3613: 3612: 3610: 3609: 3594: 3588: 3587: 3585: 3584: 3565: 3559: 3538: 3532: 3531: 3529: 3528: 3509: 3503: 3489: 3483: 3476: 3470: 3469: 3467: 3466: 3447: 3441: 3440: 3430: 3405:(4): 1411–1416. 3390: 3384: 3383: 3373: 3363: 3339: 3333: 3332: 3330: 3329: 3320: 3312: 3281: 3280: 3268: 3243: 3242: 3230: 3219: 3218: 3206: 3185: 3184: 3174: 3164: 3140: 3134: 3133: 3128:. Archived from 3118: 3112: 3111: 3096: 3090: 3089: 3079: 3047: 3041: 3040: 3030: 3006: 3000: 2999: 2981: 2949: 2943: 2942: 2940: 2939: 2917: 2911: 2910: 2908: 2907: 2888: 2882: 2881: 2866: 2860: 2859: 2857: 2856: 2850: 2840:(in Bulgarian). 2835: 2825: 2819: 2818: 2816: 2815: 2799: 2793: 2792: 2790: 2789: 2783: 2772: 2763: 2757: 2756: 2754: 2753: 2734: 2728: 2727: 2725: 2724: 2708: 2702: 2696: 2672: 2666: 2665: 2659: 2651: 2643: 2637: 2636: 2597: 2591: 2577: 2571: 2570: 2568: 2567: 2561: 2522: 2509: 2503: 2502: 2484: 2473: 2472: 2470: 2469: 2445: 2439: 2438: 2436: 2408: 2402: 2401: 2399: 2398: 2370: 2364: 2363: 2331: 2325: 2324: 2292: 2286: 2285: 2275: 2266:(2): 6549–6554. 2247: 2241: 2240: 2230: 2206: 2200: 2199: 2188: 2182: 2181: 2179: 2178: 2159: 2153: 2140: 2129: 2128: 2126: 2125: 2106: 2100: 2099: 2087: 2081: 2080: 2078: 2077: 2045: 2039: 2038: 2036: 2035: 2029: 2022: 2013: 2002: 2001: 1983: 1926: 1925: 1915: 1891: 1885: 1884: 1882: 1881: 1876: 1846: 1831:Raccoon in Japan 1425:Canine distemper 1345:Florence Débarre 1312:Edward C. Holmes 1259:Guangdong, China 1050:Russian Far East 1010:N. p. viverrinus 997:(Matschie, 1907) 993: 973: 918: 900:(Matschie, 1907) 896: 889: 882: 867: 831: 768:gestation period 746:Raccoon dog pup. 703:European badgers 438:zygomatic arches 404:-dog" (Swedish: 398:invasive species 288: 280: 272: 264: 256: 254:Canis viverrinus 248: 218: 200: 97: 96: 76: 71: 70: 44: 32: 9794: 9793: 9789: 9788: 9787: 9785: 9784: 9783: 9744:Mammals of Asia 9724: 9723: 9722: 9717: 9709: 9704: 9696: 9691: 9683: 9678: 9670: 9665: 9657: 9652: 9643: 9642: 9637: 9624: 9616: 9611: 9603: 9598: 9590: 9585: 9577: 9574:Observation.org 9572: 9564: 9559: 9551: 9546: 9538: 9533: 9525: 9520: 9512: 9507: 9499: 9494: 9486: 9481: 9473: 9468: 9460: 9455: 9447: 9442: 9434: 9429: 9421: 9416: 9408: 9403: 9395: 9390: 9382: 9377: 9369: 9364: 9356: 9354: 9346: 9341: 9332: 9331: 9326: 9317: 9316: 9311: 9298: 9288: 9267: 9243:M. richardsonii 9187:European mink ( 9104: 9103: 9101: 9091: 9083:American mink ( 9056:Amazon weasel ( 9027: 8985: 8961: 8928: 8911: 8887: 8836: 8813: 8812: 8810: 8794: 8761: 8744: 8714: 8713: 8711: 8699: 8682:Lesser grison ( 8671: 8670: 8668: 8658: 8619: 8537: 8536: 8534: 8524: 8500: 8476: 8450: 8386: 8385: 8383: 8369: 8318: 8270: 8269: 8267: 8259: 8235: 8216: 8203: 8182: 8154: 8121: 8082: 8081: 8079: 8071: 8025: 8024: 8022: 8012: 7975: 7974: 7972: 7962: 7929: 7899: 7866:S. angustifrons 7853: 7852: 7850: 7840: 7813:(stink badgers) 7812: 7811: 7809: 7799: 7791:Striped skunk ( 7766: 7760:C. semistriatus 7720: 7719: 7717: 7697: 7696: 7694: 7686: 7680:Ailurus fulgens 7660: 7627: 7577: 7576: 7574: 7566: 7538: 7537: 7535: 7521: 7497: 7474: 7473: 7471: 7457: 7456: 7454: 7438: 7396: 7363: 7319: 7287: 7286: 7284: 7270: 7268: 7267: 7265: 7253: 7166: 7149: 7125: 7104: 7071: 7045: 7012: 7007: 7005: 7004: 7002: 6998: 6993: 6967: 6963: 6935: 6915: 6898: 6897: 6871: 6820: 6785: 6761: 6732: 6730: 6720: 6699: 6628:Golden jackal ( 6612: 6586: 6548: 6546: 6534: 6465: 6459:Cerdocyon thous 6439: 6415: 6393: 6391: 6378: 6376: 6364: 6329:Rüppell's fox ( 6243: 6241: 6231: 6216:N. procyonoides 6198: 6190:Bat-eared fox ( 6172: 6137: 6133: 6119: 6115: 6083: 6068:H. pulverulenta 6023: 5981: 5937: 5904:U. semitorquata 5859:U. auropunctata 5841: 5802: 5751: 5718: 5701: 5668: 5651: 5613: 5611: 5606: 5605: 5589: 5556: 5539: 5506: 5500:Galidia elegans 5476: 5443: 5403: 5401: 5399: 5389: 5384: 5363: 5355:Spotted hyena ( 5339: 5322:Striped hyena ( 5308: 5306: 5298: 5269: 5267: 5251: 5226: 5186: 5124:Aquatic genet ( 5115:Pardine genet ( 5052:Angolan genet ( 5033: 5031: 5021: 5006:P. richardsonii 4994: 4992: 4969: 4952:Malayan civet ( 4918: 4910:African civet ( 4886: 4885: 4875: 4870: 4869: 4865: 4851: 4809: 4756: 4741:Diplogale hosei 4705: 4692: 4667: 4627: 4545: 4485: 4465: 4455: 4431: 4414: 4387: 4381: 4355:Eurasian lynx ( 4330: 4239: 4206: 4186: 4176: 4143: 4116: 4108: 4103: 4086: 4026: 3978: 3974: 3960: 3933: 3920: 3907: 3888: 3875: 3871: 3859: 3821: 3814: 3758: 3733: 3730: 3728:Further reading 3725: 3716: 3714: 3701: 3700: 3696: 3687: 3685: 3678:Marketplace.org 3672: 3671: 3667: 3658: 3656: 3647: 3646: 3642: 3633: 3631: 3621: 3620: 3616: 3607: 3605: 3596: 3595: 3591: 3582: 3580: 3567: 3566: 3562: 3549:Wayback Machine 3539: 3535: 3526: 3524: 3511: 3510: 3506: 3500:Wayback Machine 3490: 3486: 3477: 3473: 3464: 3462: 3449: 3448: 3444: 3392: 3391: 3387: 3341: 3340: 3336: 3327: 3325: 3314: 3313: 3284: 3270: 3269: 3246: 3232: 3231: 3222: 3215:www.science.org 3208: 3207: 3188: 3142: 3141: 3137: 3120: 3119: 3115: 3098: 3097: 3093: 3049: 3048: 3044: 3008: 3007: 3003: 2951: 2950: 2946: 2937: 2935: 2919: 2918: 2914: 2905: 2903: 2890: 2889: 2885: 2868: 2867: 2863: 2854: 2852: 2848: 2833: 2827: 2826: 2822: 2813: 2811: 2801: 2800: 2796: 2787: 2785: 2781: 2770: 2765: 2764: 2760: 2751: 2749: 2736: 2735: 2731: 2722: 2720: 2710: 2709: 2705: 2674: 2673: 2669: 2652: 2645: 2644: 2640: 2625: 2599: 2598: 2594: 2578: 2574: 2565: 2563: 2559: 2520: 2511: 2510: 2506: 2499: 2486: 2485: 2476: 2467: 2465: 2447: 2446: 2442: 2410: 2409: 2405: 2396: 2394: 2372: 2371: 2367: 2333: 2332: 2328: 2294: 2293: 2289: 2260:Genet. Mol. Res 2249: 2248: 2244: 2228:10.2307/3504213 2208: 2207: 2203: 2190: 2189: 2185: 2176: 2174: 2161: 2160: 2156: 2150:Wayback Machine 2141: 2132: 2123: 2121: 2108: 2107: 2103: 2092:Natural History 2089: 2088: 2084: 2075: 2073: 2066: 2047: 2046: 2042: 2033: 2031: 2027: 2020: 2015: 2014: 2005: 1998: 1985: 1984: 1929: 1893: 1892: 1888: 1879: 1877: 1848: 1847: 1843: 1839: 1827: 1759: 1682: 1641: 1621:kitchen gardens 1597: 1592: 1559:Paraceras melis 1545:Six species of 1516: 1490:parasitic worms 1486: 1462: 1455: 1433: 1396: 1243: 1238: 1161:Nizhny Novgorod 1117:Trans-Baikaliya 1115:, Novosibirsk, 1080:, Kalinin (now 1072:(then known as 1018: 964: 940: 911:N. p. koreensis 909: 895: 888: 886:(Sorokin, 1958) 858: 854: 822: 814: 797: 785:Sexual maturity 740: 735: 707:Eurasian lynxes 701:Both foxes and 685: 581:migrating birds 489: 484: 422: 230: 224: 209: 202: 196: 183: 91: 83: 72: 68: 61: 28: 25: 12: 11: 5: 9792: 9790: 9782: 9781: 9776: 9771: 9766: 9761: 9756: 9751: 9746: 9741: 9736: 9726: 9725: 9719: 9718: 9716: 9715: 9702: 9689: 9676: 9663: 9650: 9634: 9632: 9626: 9625: 9623: 9622: 9609: 9596: 9583: 9570: 9557: 9544: 9531: 9518: 9505: 9492: 9479: 9466: 9453: 9440: 9427: 9418:Fauna Europaea 9414: 9401: 9388: 9375: 9362: 9352: 9339: 9324: 9308: 9306: 9300: 9299: 9294: 9285: 9284: 9281: 9280: 9277: 9276: 9273: 9272: 9269: 9268: 9266: 9265: 9261:M. strigidorsa 9256: 9247: 9238: 9229: 9220: 9214:Least weasel ( 9211: 9202: 9193: 9184: 9175: 9166: 9160:Haida ermine ( 9157: 9148: 9144:M. eversmannii 9139: 9130: 9121: 9111: 9109: 9093: 9092: 9090: 9089: 9080: 9071: 9062: 9052: 9050: 9039: 9033: 9032: 9029: 9028: 9026: 9025: 9016: 9007: 8997: 8995: 8987: 8986: 8984: 8983: 8973: 8971: 8963: 8962: 8960: 8959: 8950: 8940: 8938: 8930: 8929: 8927: 8926: 8916: 8913: 8912: 8910: 8909: 8899: 8897: 8889: 8888: 8886: 8885: 8876: 8872:L. longicaudis 8867: 8861:Marine otter ( 8858: 8848: 8846: 8838: 8837: 8835: 8834: 8824: 8818: 8804: 8803: 8800: 8799: 8796: 8795: 8793: 8792: 8783: 8773: 8771: 8763: 8762: 8760: 8759: 8749: 8746: 8745: 8743: 8742: 8732: 8730: 8719: 8705: 8704: 8701: 8700: 8698: 8697: 8688: 8678: 8676: 8660: 8659: 8657: 8656: 8646: 8640: 8631: 8625: 8624: 8621: 8620: 8618: 8617: 8608: 8599: 8590: 8581: 8575:Beech marten ( 8572: 8563: 8554: 8544: 8542: 8526: 8525: 8523: 8522: 8512: 8510: 8502: 8501: 8499: 8498: 8488: 8486: 8478: 8477: 8475: 8474: 8464: 8458: 8452: 8451: 8449: 8448: 8439: 8430: 8421: 8412: 8403: 8393: 8391: 8375: 8374: 8371: 8370: 8368: 8367: 8358: 8352:Asian badger ( 8349: 8340: 8330: 8328: 8320: 8319: 8317: 8316: 8307: 8298: 8294:A. albogularis 8288: 8286: 8275: 8261: 8260: 8258: 8257: 8251:Honey badger ( 8247: 8245: 8237: 8236: 8234: 8233: 8223: 8217: 8212: 8205: 8204: 8199: 8192: 8191: 8188: 8187: 8184: 8183: 8181: 8180: 8179: 8178: 8172: 8170: 8164: 8163: 8160: 8159: 8156: 8155: 8153: 8152: 8143: 8133: 8131: 8123: 8122: 8120: 8119: 8110: 8100: 8098: 8087: 8073: 8072: 8070: 8069: 8060: 8051: 8042: 8032: 8030: 8014: 8013: 8011: 8010: 8001: 7992: 7988:P. cancrivorus 7982: 7980: 7964: 7963: 7961: 7960: 7956:B. sumichrasti 7951: 7941: 7939: 7931: 7930: 7928: 7927: 7917: 7911: 7905: 7904: 7901: 7900: 7898: 7897: 7888: 7879: 7870: 7860: 7858: 7842: 7841: 7839: 7838: 7829: 7819: 7817: 7801: 7800: 7798: 7797: 7788: 7782:Hooded skunk ( 7778: 7776: 7768: 7767: 7765: 7764: 7755: 7746: 7737: 7727: 7725: 7706: 7688: 7687: 7685: 7684: 7674: 7672: 7662: 7661: 7656: 7649: 7648: 7645: 7644: 7641: 7640: 7637: 7636: 7633: 7632: 7629: 7628: 7626: 7625: 7616: 7607: 7601:Weddell seal ( 7598: 7592:Leopard seal ( 7588: 7582: 7568: 7567: 7565: 7564: 7555: 7545: 7543: 7527: 7526: 7523: 7522: 7520: 7519: 7509: 7507: 7499: 7498: 7496: 7495: 7485: 7479: 7462: 7448: 7447: 7444: 7443: 7440: 7439: 7437: 7436: 7427: 7418: 7412:Caspian seal ( 7408: 7406: 7398: 7397: 7395: 7394: 7385: 7379:Spotted seal ( 7375: 7373: 7365: 7364: 7362: 7361: 7352: 7343: 7333: 7327: 7321: 7320: 7318: 7317: 7308: 7302:Bearded seal ( 7298: 7292: 7275: 7271:or true seals) 7269:(earless seals 7259: 7258: 7255: 7254: 7252: 7251: 7242: 7233: 7224: 7215: 7206: 7197: 7188: 7178: 7176: 7168: 7167: 7165: 7164: 7154: 7151: 7150: 7148: 7147: 7137: 7135: 7127: 7126: 7124: 7123: 7113: 7110: 7109: 7106: 7105: 7103: 7102: 7093: 7083: 7081: 7073: 7072: 7070: 7069: 7059: 7053: 7047: 7046: 7044: 7043: 7033: 7031: 7020: 6995: 6994: 6992: 6991: 6981: 6979: 6969: 6968: 6960: 6953: 6952: 6949: 6948: 6945: 6944: 6941: 6940: 6937: 6936: 6934: 6933: 6932: 6931: 6925: 6923: 6917: 6916: 6914: 6913: 6912: 6911: 6905: 6903: 6887: 6881: 6880: 6877: 6876: 6873: 6872: 6870: 6869: 6860: 6851: 6842: 6832: 6830: 6822: 6821: 6819: 6818: 6809: 6799: 6793: 6787: 6786: 6784: 6783: 6773: 6771: 6763: 6762: 6760: 6759: 6755:A. melanoleuca 6749: 6747: 6736: 6721: 6716: 6713: 6712: 6709: 6708: 6705: 6704: 6701: 6700: 6698: 6697: 6688: 6679: 6673:Eastern wolf ( 6670: 6661: 6655:African wolf ( 6652: 6643: 6637:Domestic dog ( 6634: 6624: 6622: 6614: 6613: 6611: 6610: 6601: 6591: 6588: 6587: 6585: 6584: 6575: 6565: 6563: 6552: 6540: 6539: 6536: 6535: 6533: 6532: 6523: 6517:Sechuran fox ( 6514: 6510:L. gymnocercus 6505: 6496: 6490:Darwin's fox ( 6487: 6477: 6475: 6467: 6466: 6464: 6463: 6454: 6444: 6441: 6440: 6438: 6437: 6427: 6425: 6417: 6416: 6414: 6413: 6403: 6397: 6382: 6370: 6369: 6366: 6365: 6363: 6362: 6353: 6344: 6335: 6326: 6317: 6308: 6299: 6290: 6281: 6272: 6263: 6259:V. bengalensis 6253: 6251: 6233: 6232: 6230: 6229: 6220: 6210: 6208: 6200: 6199: 6197: 6196: 6186: 6180: 6174: 6173: 6171: 6170: 6161: 6151: 6149: 6138: 6128: 6121: 6120: 6112: 6105: 6104: 6101: 6100: 6097: 6096: 6093: 6092: 6089: 6088: 6085: 6084: 6082: 6081: 6072: 6063: 6054: 6045: 6035: 6033: 6025: 6024: 6022: 6021: 6012: 6003: 5999:B. crassicauda 5993: 5991: 5983: 5982: 5980: 5979: 5970: 5961: 5952: 5942: 5939: 5938: 5936: 5935: 5926: 5917: 5908: 5899: 5890: 5881: 5872: 5863: 5853: 5851: 5843: 5842: 5840: 5839: 5830: 5820: 5814: 5808: 5807: 5804: 5803: 5801: 5800: 5791: 5782: 5773: 5763: 5761: 5753: 5752: 5750: 5749: 5740: 5730: 5728: 5720: 5719: 5717: 5716: 5706: 5703: 5702: 5700: 5699: 5690: 5680: 5678: 5670: 5669: 5667: 5666: 5656: 5653: 5652: 5650: 5649: 5639: 5637: 5626: 5617: 5599: 5598: 5595: 5594: 5591: 5590: 5588: 5587: 5578: 5568: 5566: 5558: 5557: 5555: 5554: 5544: 5541: 5540: 5538: 5537: 5533:G. grandidieri 5528: 5518: 5516: 5508: 5507: 5505: 5504: 5494: 5488: 5482: 5481: 5478: 5477: 5475: 5474: 5465: 5455: 5453: 5445: 5444: 5442: 5441: 5432: 5422: 5416: 5407: 5390: 5380: 5377: 5376: 5373: 5372: 5369: 5368: 5365: 5364: 5362: 5361: 5351: 5349: 5341: 5340: 5338: 5337: 5328: 5318: 5312: 5300: 5299: 5297: 5296: 5286: 5284: 5273: 5253: 5252: 5247: 5240: 5239: 5236: 5235: 5232: 5231: 5228: 5227: 5225: 5224: 5223: 5222: 5216: 5214: 5204: 5203: 5200: 5199: 5196: 5195: 5192: 5191: 5188: 5187: 5185: 5184: 5175: 5166: 5157: 5148: 5139: 5130: 5121: 5112: 5103: 5097:Letaba genet ( 5094: 5085: 5079:Common genet ( 5076: 5067: 5058: 5049: 5039: 5037: 5023: 5022: 5020: 5019: 5010: 5000: 4998: 4981: 4975: 4974: 4971: 4970: 4968: 4967: 4958: 4949: 4940: 4930: 4928: 4920: 4919: 4917: 4916: 4907: 4897: 4891: 4876: 4864: 4857: 4856: 4853: 4852: 4850: 4849: 4845:P. zeylonensis 4840: 4831: 4821: 4819: 4811: 4810: 4808: 4807: 4803:Paguma larvata 4798: 4789: 4780: 4770: 4764: 4758: 4757: 4755: 4754: 4745: 4736: 4727: 4717: 4715: 4706: 4701: 4694: 4693: 4688: 4681: 4680: 4677: 4676: 4673: 4672: 4669: 4668: 4666: 4665: 4664: 4663: 4657: 4655: 4649: 4648: 4645: 4644: 4641: 4640: 4637: 4636: 4633: 4632: 4629: 4628: 4626: 4625: 4616: 4607: 4598: 4589: 4580: 4574:Domestic cat ( 4571: 4561: 4559: 4551: 4550: 4547: 4546: 4544: 4543: 4534: 4530:P. rubiginosus 4525: 4516: 4507: 4503:P. bengalensis 4497: 4495: 4487: 4486: 4484: 4483: 4477:Pallas's cat ( 4473: 4467: 4461: 4460: 4457: 4456: 4454: 4453: 4443: 4441: 4433: 4432: 4430: 4429: 4419: 4416: 4415: 4413: 4412: 4402: 4400: 4389: 4383: 4382: 4380: 4379: 4370: 4364:Iberian lynx ( 4361: 4352: 4342: 4340: 4332: 4331: 4329: 4328: 4319: 4310: 4301: 4292: 4283: 4274: 4265: 4255: 4253: 4245: 4244: 4241: 4240: 4238: 4237: 4228: 4218: 4216: 4208: 4207: 4205: 4204: 4194: 4188: 4182: 4181: 4178: 4177: 4175: 4174: 4165: 4155: 4153: 4145: 4144: 4142: 4141: 4131: 4129: 4118: 4109: 4099: 4096: 4095: 4092: 4091: 4088: 4087: 4085: 4084: 4075: 4066: 4057: 4048: 4042:Snow leopard ( 4038: 4036: 4028: 4027: 4025: 4024: 4015: 4005: 4003: 3992: 3979: 3969: 3962: 3961: 3959: 3958: 3949: 3939: 3937: 3921: 3916: 3909: 3908: 3906: 3905: 3895: 3889: 3884: 3877: 3876: 3868: 3861: 3860: 3858: 3857: 3855:Laurasiatheria 3851: 3845: 3839: 3833: 3826: 3823: 3822: 3815: 3813: 3812: 3805: 3798: 3790: 3784: 3783: 3777: 3771: 3765: 3757: 3756:External links 3754: 3753: 3752: 3737:, ed. (1911), 3735:Chisholm, Hugh 3729: 3726: 3724: 3723: 3694: 3665: 3640: 3614: 3589: 3560: 3533: 3504: 3484: 3471: 3442: 3385: 3334: 3282: 3244: 3220: 3186: 3135: 3132:on 2020-05-05. 3126:Deutsche Welle 3113: 3110:on 2020-06-12. 3091: 3042: 3021:(8): 707–708. 3001: 2944: 2912: 2883: 2880:on 2015-06-12. 2861: 2820: 2794: 2758: 2729: 2703: 2687:(5): 371–378. 2667: 2638: 2623: 2592: 2572: 2504: 2497: 2474: 2440: 2403: 2389:(3): 129–136. 2365: 2346:(2): 165–176. 2326: 2307:(3): 187–e37. 2287: 2242: 2201: 2183: 2154: 2130: 2101: 2082: 2064: 2040: 2003: 1996: 1927: 1906:(4): 856–872. 1886: 1840: 1838: 1835: 1834: 1833: 1826: 1823: 1758: 1755: 1681: 1678: 1640: 1637: 1627:cultivations, 1596: 1593: 1591: 1588: 1576:Pulex irritans 1530:I. persulcatus 1525:Ixodes ricinus 1518:Ticks include 1515: 1512: 1485: 1482: 1461: 1456: 1454: 1449: 1432: 1429: 1395: 1392: 1367:New York Times 1255:Paguma larvata 1242: 1239: 1237: 1234: 1169:Ryazan Oblasts 1159:, Gorkiy (now 1017: 1014: 1000: 999: 991: 988: 981: 975: 958: 957: 955: 952: 950: 944: 934: 933: 931: 928: 926: 920: 903: 902: 880: 879:Eastern China 877: 875: 869: 848: 847: 844: 841: 838: 835: 821: 818: 813: 810: 805:Primorsky Krai 796: 793: 739: 736: 734: 731: 684: 681: 488: 485: 483: 480: 442:sagittal crest 421: 418: 375:common raccoon 294: 293: 292: 291: 289:Matschie, 1907 283: 281:Matschie, 1907 275: 267: 265:Hornaday, 1904 259: 257:Temminck, 1838 251: 240: 239: 233: 232: 220: 219: 211: 210: 203: 192: 191: 185: 184: 177: 175: 171: 170: 163: 159: 158: 153: 149: 148: 143: 139: 138: 133: 129: 128: 123: 119: 118: 113: 109: 108: 103: 99: 98: 85: 84: 66: 63: 62: 57: 54: 53: 46: 45: 37: 36: 26: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 9791: 9780: 9777: 9775: 9772: 9770: 9767: 9765: 9762: 9760: 9757: 9755: 9752: 9750: 9747: 9745: 9742: 9740: 9737: 9735: 9732: 9731: 9729: 9712: 9707: 9703: 9699: 9694: 9690: 9686: 9681: 9677: 9673: 9668: 9664: 9660: 9655: 9651: 9646: 9640: 9636: 9635: 9633: 9631: 9627: 9619: 9614: 9610: 9606: 9601: 9597: 9593: 9588: 9584: 9580: 9575: 9571: 9567: 9562: 9558: 9554: 9549: 9545: 9541: 9536: 9532: 9528: 9523: 9519: 9515: 9510: 9506: 9502: 9497: 9493: 9489: 9484: 9480: 9476: 9471: 9467: 9463: 9458: 9454: 9450: 9445: 9441: 9437: 9432: 9428: 9424: 9419: 9415: 9411: 9406: 9402: 9398: 9393: 9389: 9385: 9380: 9376: 9372: 9367: 9363: 9359: 9353: 9349: 9344: 9340: 9335: 9329: 9325: 9320: 9314: 9310: 9309: 9307: 9305: 9301: 9297: 9292: 9264: 9262: 9257: 9255: 9253: 9248: 9246: 9244: 9239: 9237: 9235: 9230: 9228: 9226: 9221: 9219: 9217: 9212: 9210: 9208: 9203: 9201: 9199: 9198:M. lutreolina 9194: 9192: 9190: 9185: 9183: 9181: 9176: 9174: 9172: 9167: 9165: 9163: 9158: 9156: 9154: 9149: 9147: 9145: 9140: 9138: 9136: 9131: 9129: 9127: 9122: 9120: 9118: 9113: 9112: 9110: 9100: 9099: 9094: 9088: 9086: 9081: 9079: 9077: 9072: 9070: 9068: 9063: 9061: 9059: 9054: 9053: 9051: 9049: 9048: 9043: 9040: 9038: 9034: 9024: 9022: 9017: 9015: 9013: 9008: 9006: 9004: 8999: 8998: 8996: 8994: 8993: 8988: 8982: 8980: 8975: 8974: 8972: 8970: 8969: 8964: 8958: 8956: 8951: 8949: 8947: 8942: 8941: 8939: 8937: 8936: 8931: 8925: 8923: 8918: 8917: 8914: 8908: 8906: 8901: 8900: 8898: 8896: 8895: 8890: 8884: 8882: 8877: 8875: 8873: 8868: 8866: 8864: 8859: 8857: 8855: 8854:L. canadensis 8850: 8849: 8847: 8845: 8844: 8839: 8833: 8831: 8828:Giant otter ( 8826: 8825: 8822: 8819: 8809: 8805: 8791: 8789: 8784: 8782: 8780: 8775: 8774: 8772: 8770: 8769: 8764: 8758: 8756: 8751: 8750: 8747: 8741: 8739: 8734: 8733: 8731: 8729: 8728: 8723: 8720: 8710: 8706: 8696: 8694: 8689: 8687: 8685: 8680: 8679: 8677: 8667: 8666: 8661: 8655: 8653: 8648: 8647: 8644: 8641: 8639: 8635: 8632: 8630: 8626: 8616: 8614: 8609: 8607: 8605: 8600: 8598: 8596: 8591: 8589: 8587: 8586:M. gwatkinsii 8582: 8580: 8578: 8573: 8571: 8569: 8564: 8562: 8560: 8555: 8553: 8551: 8546: 8545: 8543: 8533: 8532: 8527: 8521: 8519: 8514: 8513: 8511: 8509: 8508: 8503: 8497: 8495: 8490: 8489: 8487: 8485: 8484: 8479: 8473: 8471: 8466: 8465: 8462: 8459: 8457: 8453: 8447: 8445: 8440: 8438: 8436: 8431: 8429: 8427: 8426:M. orientalis 8422: 8420: 8418: 8413: 8411: 8409: 8404: 8402: 8400: 8395: 8394: 8392: 8382: 8381: 8376: 8366: 8364: 8359: 8357: 8355: 8350: 8348: 8346: 8341: 8339: 8337: 8332: 8331: 8329: 8327: 8326: 8321: 8315: 8313: 8308: 8306: 8304: 8299: 8297: 8295: 8290: 8289: 8287: 8285: 8284: 8279: 8276: 8266: 8262: 8256: 8254: 8249: 8248: 8246: 8244: 8243: 8238: 8232: 8230: 8229:Taxidea taxus 8225: 8224: 8221: 8218: 8215: 8210: 8206: 8202: 8197: 8193: 8176: 8175: 8174: 8173: 8171: 8169: 8165: 8151: 8149: 8144: 8142: 8140: 8139:N. meridensis 8135: 8134: 8132: 8130: 8129: 8124: 8118: 8116: 8111: 8109: 8107: 8102: 8101: 8099: 8097: 8096: 8091: 8088: 8078: 8074: 8068: 8066: 8061: 8059: 8057: 8052: 8050: 8048: 8043: 8041: 8039: 8034: 8033: 8031: 8021: 8020: 8015: 8009: 8007: 8002: 8000: 7998: 7993: 7991: 7989: 7984: 7983: 7981: 7971: 7970: 7965: 7959: 7957: 7952: 7950: 7948: 7943: 7942: 7940: 7938: 7937: 7932: 7926: 7924: 7919: 7918: 7915: 7912: 7910: 7906: 7896: 7894: 7889: 7887: 7885: 7880: 7878: 7876: 7871: 7869: 7867: 7862: 7861: 7859: 7849: 7848: 7843: 7837: 7835: 7830: 7828: 7826: 7825:M. javanensis 7821: 7820: 7818: 7808: 7807: 7802: 7796: 7794: 7789: 7787: 7785: 7780: 7779: 7777: 7775: 7774: 7769: 7763: 7761: 7756: 7754: 7752: 7751:C. leuconotus 7747: 7745: 7743: 7742:C. humboldtii 7738: 7736: 7734: 7729: 7728: 7726: 7716: 7715: 7710: 7707: 7701: 7693: 7689: 7683: 7681: 7676: 7675: 7673: 7671: 7667: 7663: 7659: 7654: 7650: 7624: 7622: 7617: 7615: 7613: 7608: 7606: 7604: 7599: 7597: 7595: 7590: 7589: 7586: 7583: 7573: 7569: 7563: 7561: 7556: 7554: 7552: 7547: 7546: 7544: 7534: 7533: 7528: 7518: 7516: 7511: 7510: 7508: 7506: 7505: 7500: 7494: 7492: 7487: 7486: 7483: 7480: 7470: 7466: 7463: 7453: 7449: 7435: 7433: 7430:Baikal seal ( 7428: 7426: 7424: 7421:Ringed seal ( 7419: 7417: 7415: 7410: 7409: 7407: 7405: 7404: 7399: 7393: 7391: 7388:Harbor seal ( 7386: 7384: 7382: 7377: 7376: 7374: 7372: 7371: 7366: 7360: 7358: 7353: 7351: 7349: 7346:Ribbon seal ( 7344: 7342: 7340: 7335: 7334: 7331: 7328: 7326: 7322: 7316: 7314: 7311:Hooded seal ( 7309: 7307: 7305: 7300: 7299: 7296: 7293: 7283: 7279: 7276: 7264: 7260: 7250: 7248: 7247:A. tropicalis 7243: 7241: 7239: 7234: 7232: 7230: 7225: 7223: 7221: 7216: 7214: 7212: 7207: 7205: 7203: 7198: 7196: 7194: 7189: 7187: 7185: 7180: 7179: 7177: 7175: 7174: 7173:Arctocephalus 7169: 7163: 7161: 7156: 7155: 7152: 7146: 7144: 7139: 7138: 7136: 7134: 7133: 7128: 7122: 7120: 7115: 7114: 7111: 7101: 7099: 7098:Z. wollebaeki 7094: 7092: 7090: 7085: 7084: 7082: 7080: 7079: 7074: 7068: 7066: 7061: 7060: 7057: 7054: 7052: 7048: 7042: 7040: 7035: 7034: 7032: 7030: 7029: 7024: 7021: 7015: 7010: 7006:(eared seals: 7001: 6996: 6990: 6988: 6983: 6982: 6980: 6978: 6974: 6970: 6966: 6958: 6954: 6929: 6928: 6927: 6926: 6924: 6922: 6918: 6909: 6908: 6907: 6906: 6904: 6895: 6891: 6888: 6886: 6882: 6868: 6866: 6861: 6859: 6857: 6852: 6850: 6848: 6847:U. thibetanus 6843: 6841: 6839: 6838:U. americanus 6834: 6833: 6831: 6829: 6828: 6823: 6817: 6815: 6810: 6808: 6806: 6801: 6800: 6797: 6794: 6792: 6788: 6782: 6780: 6775: 6774: 6772: 6770: 6769: 6764: 6758: 6756: 6753:Giant panda ( 6751: 6750: 6748: 6746: 6745: 6740: 6737: 6729: 6725: 6722: 6719: 6714: 6696: 6694: 6689: 6687: 6685: 6680: 6678: 6676: 6671: 6669: 6667: 6662: 6660: 6658: 6653: 6651: 6649: 6644: 6642: 6640: 6639:C. familiaris 6635: 6633: 6631: 6626: 6625: 6623: 6621: 6620: 6615: 6609: 6607: 6602: 6600: 6598: 6597:Lycaon pictus 6593: 6592: 6589: 6583: 6581: 6576: 6574: 6572: 6567: 6566: 6564: 6562: 6561: 6556: 6553: 6545: 6541: 6531: 6529: 6524: 6522: 6520: 6515: 6513: 6511: 6506: 6504: 6502: 6497: 6495: 6493: 6488: 6486: 6484: 6479: 6478: 6476: 6474: 6473: 6468: 6462: 6460: 6455: 6453: 6451: 6446: 6445: 6442: 6436: 6434: 6429: 6428: 6426: 6424: 6423: 6418: 6412: 6410: 6405: 6404: 6401: 6398: 6390: 6386: 6383: 6375: 6371: 6361: 6359: 6354: 6352: 6350: 6345: 6343: 6341: 6336: 6334: 6332: 6327: 6325: 6323: 6318: 6316: 6314: 6309: 6307: 6305: 6300: 6298: 6296: 6293:Tibetan fox ( 6291: 6289: 6287: 6282: 6280: 6278: 6273: 6271: 6269: 6264: 6262: 6260: 6255: 6254: 6252: 6247: 6240: 6239: 6234: 6228: 6226: 6225:N. viverrinus 6221: 6219: 6217: 6212: 6211: 6209: 6207: 6206: 6201: 6195: 6193: 6188: 6187: 6184: 6181: 6179: 6175: 6169: 6167: 6166:U. littoralis 6162: 6160: 6158: 6153: 6152: 6150: 6148: 6147: 6142: 6139: 6131: 6126: 6122: 6118: 6110: 6106: 6080: 6078: 6073: 6071: 6069: 6064: 6062: 6060: 6055: 6053: 6051: 6046: 6044: 6042: 6041:H. flavescens 6037: 6036: 6034: 6032: 6031: 6026: 6020: 6018: 6013: 6011: 6009: 6004: 6002: 6000: 5995: 5994: 5992: 5990: 5989: 5984: 5978: 5976: 5971: 5969: 5967: 5962: 5960: 5958: 5953: 5951: 5949: 5944: 5943: 5940: 5934: 5932: 5931:U. vitticolla 5927: 5925: 5923: 5918: 5916: 5914: 5909: 5907: 5905: 5900: 5898: 5896: 5891: 5889: 5887: 5882: 5880: 5878: 5873: 5871: 5869: 5864: 5862: 5860: 5855: 5854: 5852: 5850: 5849: 5844: 5838: 5836: 5835:Xenogale naso 5831: 5829: 5827: 5822: 5821: 5818: 5815: 5813: 5809: 5799: 5797: 5792: 5790: 5788: 5783: 5781: 5779: 5774: 5772: 5770: 5765: 5764: 5762: 5760: 5759: 5754: 5748: 5746: 5741: 5739: 5737: 5732: 5731: 5729: 5727: 5726: 5721: 5715: 5713: 5708: 5707: 5704: 5698: 5696: 5691: 5689: 5687: 5682: 5681: 5679: 5677: 5676: 5671: 5665: 5663: 5658: 5657: 5654: 5648: 5646: 5641: 5640: 5638: 5636: 5635: 5630: 5627: 5625: 5621: 5618: 5609: 5608:sensu stricto 5604: 5600: 5586: 5584: 5579: 5577: 5575: 5570: 5569: 5567: 5565: 5564: 5559: 5553: 5551: 5546: 5545: 5542: 5536: 5534: 5529: 5527: 5525: 5520: 5519: 5517: 5515: 5514: 5509: 5503: 5501: 5496: 5495: 5492: 5489: 5487: 5483: 5473: 5471: 5466: 5464: 5462: 5457: 5456: 5454: 5452: 5451: 5446: 5440: 5438: 5437:Fossa fossana 5433: 5431: 5429: 5424: 5423: 5420: 5417: 5415: 5411: 5408: 5398: 5394: 5391: 5387: 5383: 5378: 5360: 5358: 5353: 5352: 5350: 5348: 5347: 5342: 5336: 5334: 5331:Brown hyena ( 5329: 5327: 5325: 5324:Hyaena hyaena 5320: 5319: 5316: 5313: 5305: 5301: 5295: 5293: 5288: 5287: 5285: 5283: 5282: 5277: 5274: 5266: 5262: 5258: 5254: 5250: 5245: 5241: 5220: 5219: 5218: 5217: 5215: 5213: 5209: 5205: 5183: 5181: 5176: 5174: 5172: 5167: 5165: 5163: 5158: 5156: 5154: 5151:Hausa genet ( 5149: 5147: 5145: 5140: 5138: 5136: 5131: 5129: 5127: 5122: 5120: 5118: 5113: 5111: 5109: 5104: 5102: 5100: 5095: 5093: 5091: 5086: 5084: 5082: 5077: 5075: 5073: 5068: 5066: 5064: 5059: 5057: 5055: 5054:G. angolensis 5050: 5048: 5046: 5045:G. abyssinica 5041: 5040: 5038: 5030: 5029: 5024: 5018: 5016: 5011: 5009: 5007: 5002: 5001: 4999: 4991: 4990: 4985: 4982: 4980: 4976: 4966: 4964: 4959: 4957: 4955: 4954:V. tangalunga 4950: 4948: 4946: 4941: 4939: 4937: 4932: 4931: 4929: 4927: 4926: 4921: 4915: 4913: 4908: 4906: 4904: 4899: 4898: 4895: 4892: 4889: 4888:sensu stricto 4884: 4880: 4877: 4873: 4868: 4862: 4858: 4848: 4846: 4841: 4839: 4837: 4832: 4830: 4828: 4823: 4822: 4820: 4818: 4817: 4812: 4806: 4804: 4799: 4797: 4795: 4790: 4788: 4786: 4781: 4779: 4777: 4772: 4771: 4768: 4765: 4763: 4762:Paradoxurinae 4759: 4753: 4751: 4746: 4744: 4742: 4737: 4735: 4733: 4730:Otter civet ( 4728: 4726: 4724: 4719: 4718: 4716: 4714: 4710: 4707: 4704: 4699: 4695: 4691: 4686: 4682: 4661: 4660: 4659: 4658: 4656: 4654: 4650: 4624: 4622: 4621:F. silvestris 4617: 4615: 4613: 4608: 4606: 4604: 4599: 4597: 4595: 4590: 4588: 4586: 4581: 4579: 4577: 4572: 4570: 4568: 4563: 4562: 4560: 4558: 4557: 4552: 4542: 4540: 4539:P. viverrinus 4537:Fishing cat ( 4535: 4533: 4531: 4526: 4524: 4522: 4517: 4515: 4513: 4512:P. javanensis 4508: 4506: 4504: 4501:Leopard cat ( 4499: 4498: 4496: 4494: 4493: 4488: 4482: 4480: 4475: 4474: 4471: 4468: 4462: 4452: 4450: 4445: 4444: 4442: 4440: 4439: 4434: 4428: 4426: 4421: 4420: 4417: 4411: 4409: 4404: 4403: 4401: 4399: 4398: 4393: 4390: 4384: 4378: 4376: 4371: 4369: 4367: 4362: 4360: 4358: 4353: 4351: 4349: 4348:L. canadensis 4346:Canada lynx ( 4344: 4343: 4341: 4339: 4338: 4333: 4327: 4325: 4320: 4318: 4316: 4311: 4309: 4307: 4302: 4300: 4298: 4293: 4291: 4289: 4284: 4282: 4280: 4275: 4273: 4271: 4266: 4264: 4262: 4257: 4256: 4254: 4252: 4251: 4246: 4236: 4234: 4229: 4227: 4225: 4220: 4219: 4217: 4215: 4214: 4209: 4203: 4201: 4196: 4195: 4192: 4189: 4183: 4173: 4171: 4170:C. temminckii 4166: 4164: 4162: 4157: 4156: 4154: 4152: 4151: 4146: 4140: 4138: 4135:Marbled cat ( 4133: 4132: 4130: 4128: 4127: 4122: 4119: 4113: 4110: 4106: 4105:sensu stricto 4102: 4097: 4083: 4081: 4076: 4074: 4072: 4067: 4065: 4063: 4058: 4056: 4054: 4049: 4047: 4045: 4040: 4039: 4037: 4035: 4034: 4029: 4023: 4021: 4016: 4014: 4012: 4007: 4006: 4004: 4002: 4001: 3996: 3993: 3991: 3987: 3983: 3980: 3972: 3967: 3963: 3957: 3955: 3954:P. pardicolor 3950: 3948: 3946: 3941: 3940: 3938: 3931: 3930: 3925: 3922: 3919: 3914: 3910: 3904: 3902: 3897: 3896: 3893: 3890: 3887: 3882: 3878: 3874: 3866: 3862: 3856: 3852: 3850: 3846: 3844: 3840: 3838: 3834: 3832: 3828: 3827: 3824: 3819: 3811: 3806: 3804: 3799: 3797: 3792: 3791: 3788: 3781: 3780:Animal Planet 3778: 3775: 3772: 3769: 3766: 3763: 3760: 3759: 3755: 3748: 3747: 3741: 3736: 3732: 3731: 3727: 3712: 3708: 3704: 3698: 3695: 3683: 3679: 3675: 3669: 3666: 3654: 3650: 3644: 3641: 3629: 3626:. StyleList. 3625: 3618: 3615: 3604:on 2014-07-14 3603: 3599: 3593: 3590: 3578: 3574: 3570: 3564: 3561: 3558: 3554: 3550: 3546: 3543: 3537: 3534: 3522: 3518: 3514: 3508: 3505: 3501: 3497: 3494: 3488: 3485: 3481: 3475: 3472: 3460: 3456: 3452: 3446: 3443: 3438: 3434: 3429: 3424: 3420: 3416: 3412: 3408: 3404: 3400: 3396: 3389: 3386: 3381: 3377: 3372: 3367: 3362: 3357: 3353: 3349: 3345: 3338: 3335: 3324: 3319: 3311: 3309: 3307: 3305: 3303: 3301: 3299: 3297: 3295: 3293: 3291: 3289: 3287: 3283: 3278: 3274: 3267: 3265: 3263: 3261: 3259: 3257: 3255: 3253: 3251: 3249: 3245: 3240: 3236: 3229: 3227: 3225: 3221: 3216: 3212: 3205: 3203: 3201: 3199: 3197: 3195: 3193: 3191: 3187: 3182: 3178: 3173: 3168: 3163: 3158: 3154: 3150: 3146: 3139: 3136: 3131: 3127: 3123: 3117: 3114: 3109: 3105: 3101: 3095: 3092: 3087: 3083: 3078: 3073: 3069: 3065: 3061: 3057: 3053: 3046: 3043: 3038: 3034: 3029: 3024: 3020: 3016: 3012: 3005: 3002: 2997: 2993: 2989: 2985: 2980: 2975: 2971: 2967: 2963: 2959: 2955: 2948: 2945: 2933: 2929: 2928: 2923: 2916: 2913: 2901: 2897: 2894:(in Danish). 2893: 2887: 2884: 2879: 2875: 2873: 2865: 2862: 2851:on 2018-11-14 2847: 2843: 2839: 2831: 2824: 2821: 2809: 2805: 2798: 2795: 2784:on 2011-10-03 2780: 2776: 2769: 2762: 2759: 2747: 2743: 2739: 2733: 2730: 2718: 2714: 2707: 2704: 2700: 2694: 2690: 2686: 2682: 2678: 2671: 2668: 2663: 2657: 2649: 2648:Latvijas Meži 2642: 2639: 2634: 2630: 2626: 2620: 2616: 2615: 2610: 2609:Wilson, D. E. 2606: 2602: 2596: 2593: 2590: 2589:9780816057153 2586: 2582: 2576: 2573: 2558: 2554: 2550: 2546: 2542: 2538: 2534: 2531:(2): 517–NP. 2530: 2526: 2519: 2517: 2508: 2505: 2500: 2498:9780816057153 2494: 2490: 2483: 2481: 2479: 2475: 2463: 2459: 2455: 2453: 2444: 2441: 2435: 2430: 2426: 2422: 2418: 2416: 2407: 2404: 2392: 2388: 2384: 2380: 2379:, in Finland" 2378: 2369: 2366: 2361: 2357: 2353: 2349: 2345: 2341: 2337: 2330: 2327: 2322: 2318: 2314: 2310: 2306: 2302: 2298: 2291: 2288: 2283: 2279: 2274: 2269: 2265: 2261: 2257: 2255: 2246: 2243: 2238: 2234: 2229: 2224: 2220: 2216: 2214: 2205: 2202: 2197: 2193: 2187: 2184: 2172: 2168: 2164: 2158: 2155: 2151: 2147: 2144: 2139: 2137: 2135: 2131: 2120:on 2015-04-10 2119: 2115: 2111: 2105: 2102: 2097: 2093: 2086: 2083: 2071: 2067: 2065:9780191523359 2061: 2057: 2053: 2052: 2044: 2041: 2030:on 2009-02-19 2026: 2019: 2018:"Raccoon Dog" 2012: 2010: 2008: 2004: 1999: 1997:1-886106-81-9 1993: 1989: 1982: 1980: 1978: 1976: 1974: 1972: 1970: 1968: 1966: 1964: 1962: 1960: 1958: 1956: 1954: 1952: 1950: 1948: 1946: 1944: 1942: 1940: 1938: 1936: 1934: 1932: 1928: 1923: 1919: 1914: 1909: 1905: 1901: 1897: 1890: 1887: 1875: 1870: 1866: 1862: 1861: 1856: 1854: 1845: 1842: 1836: 1832: 1829: 1828: 1824: 1822: 1819: 1817: 1813: 1812:Neiman Marcus 1807: 1805: 1801: 1797: 1793: 1789: 1784: 1782: 1778: 1774: 1769: 1767: 1765: 1756: 1754: 1752: 1748: 1743: 1741: 1737: 1733: 1729: 1720: 1715: 1711: 1707: 1705: 1700: 1696: 1686: 1679: 1677: 1673: 1670: 1666: 1662: 1658: 1654: 1645: 1638: 1636: 1634: 1630: 1626: 1622: 1618: 1614: 1610: 1606: 1602: 1594: 1589: 1587: 1585: 1580: 1578: 1577: 1572: 1571: 1566: 1565: 1560: 1556: 1552: 1548: 1543: 1541: 1540: 1535: 1534:I. crenulatus 1531: 1527: 1526: 1521: 1513: 1511: 1509: 1508: 1503: 1499: 1495: 1491: 1483: 1481: 1479: 1475: 1471: 1470:piroplasmosis 1467: 1460: 1457: 1453: 1450: 1448: 1446: 1442: 1438: 1430: 1428: 1426: 1422: 1420: 1416: 1412: 1408: 1403: 1401: 1394:Other viruses 1393: 1391: 1388: 1386: 1380: 1378: 1377: 1372: 1368: 1363: 1361: 1357: 1352: 1350: 1346: 1342: 1337: 1332: 1329: 1323: 1321: 1317: 1313: 1309: 1305: 1300: 1298: 1294: 1290: 1286: 1281: 1279: 1275: 1271: 1267: 1262: 1261:in May 2003. 1260: 1256: 1252: 1248: 1241:Coronaviruses 1240: 1235: 1233: 1231: 1226: 1224: 1219: 1215: 1212: 1210: 1206: 1202: 1198: 1194: 1190: 1186: 1182: 1178: 1174: 1170: 1166: 1162: 1158: 1154: 1150: 1146: 1142: 1138: 1134: 1130: 1129:Baltic states 1126: 1122: 1118: 1114: 1109: 1107: 1106:Bashkortostan 1103: 1099: 1095: 1091: 1087: 1083: 1079: 1075: 1071: 1067: 1063: 1059: 1055: 1051: 1047: 1043: 1039: 1030: 1022: 1015: 1013: 1011: 1007: 996: 992: 989: 986: 982: 980: 976: 974: 972: 967: 963: 960: 959: 956: 953: 951: 949: 945: 943: 942:N. p. orestes 939: 936: 935: 932: 929: 927: 925: 921: 919: 917: 912: 908: 905: 904: 899: 893:(Brass, 1904) 892: 885: 881: 878: 876: 874: 870: 868: 866: 861: 857: 853: 850: 849: 845: 842: 839: 836: 833: 832: 829: 827: 819: 817: 812:Vocalizations 811: 809: 806: 802: 794: 792: 790: 786: 781: 777: 772: 769: 764: 762: 757: 753: 752:mating season 744: 737: 732: 730: 728: 724: 720: 716: 715:golden eagles 712: 711:Birds of prey 708: 704: 699: 697: 693: 689: 682: 680: 676: 674: 670: 666: 662: 658: 654: 650: 646: 642: 638: 634: 630: 626: 622: 618: 614: 610: 606: 602: 596: 594: 590: 586: 582: 578: 574: 570: 566: 562: 558: 554: 550: 546: 542: 538: 534: 530: 526: 522: 518: 514: 510: 506: 502: 498: 495:that feed on 494: 486: 481: 479: 476: 473: 464: 460: 456: 454: 453:tarsal joints 450: 445: 443: 439: 435: 426: 419: 417: 415: 411: 407: 403: 399: 394: 392: 388: 384: 380: 379:Procyon lotor 376: 371: 369: 365: 364: 359: 355: 354: 349: 348: 344:of the genus 343: 342:living member 339: 335: 331: 327: 323: 319: 315: 311: 307: 306: 301: 287: 284: 279: 276: 271: 268: 263: 260: 255: 252: 247: 244: 243: 241: 238: 234: 228: 221: 217: 212: 207: 201: 199: 193: 190: 189:Binomial name 186: 182: 181: 176: 173: 172: 169: 168: 164: 161: 160: 157: 154: 151: 150: 147: 144: 141: 140: 137: 134: 131: 130: 127: 124: 121: 120: 117: 114: 111: 110: 107: 104: 101: 100: 95: 90: 86: 80: 75: 74:Least Concern 64: 60: 55: 52: 47: 43: 38: 33: 30: 23: 19: 9629: 9303: 9260: 9251: 9242: 9233: 9224: 9215: 9206: 9197: 9188: 9179: 9170: 9161: 9152: 9143: 9134: 9125: 9116: 9096: 9084: 9075: 9066: 9057: 9045: 9020: 9011: 9002: 8990: 8978: 8966: 8955:L. sumatrana 8954: 8945: 8933: 8921: 8904: 8892: 8880: 8871: 8862: 8853: 8841: 8829: 8787: 8778: 8766: 8754: 8738:V. peregusna 8737: 8725: 8692: 8683: 8663: 8651: 8638:Lyncodontini 8629:Ictonychinae 8613:M. zibellina 8612: 8603: 8594: 8585: 8576: 8568:M. flavigula 8567: 8558: 8550:M. americana 8549: 8529: 8517: 8505: 8493: 8481: 8470:Eira barbara 8469: 8443: 8435:M. personata 8434: 8425: 8416: 8407: 8398: 8378: 8362: 8353: 8345:M. canescens 8344: 8335: 8323: 8311: 8302: 8293: 8281: 8252: 8240: 8228: 8147: 8138: 8126: 8114: 8105: 8093: 8064: 8055: 8046: 8037: 8017: 8005: 7996: 7987: 7967: 7955: 7954:Cacomistle ( 7946: 7934: 7923:Potos flavus 7922: 7892: 7883: 7874: 7865: 7845: 7833: 7824: 7804: 7792: 7783: 7771: 7759: 7750: 7741: 7732: 7712: 7679: 7620: 7611: 7602: 7593: 7559: 7550: 7530: 7514: 7502: 7490: 7475:(monk seals) 7431: 7422: 7413: 7401: 7389: 7380: 7368: 7356: 7347: 7338: 7312: 7303: 7246: 7238:A. townsendi 7237: 7228: 7220:A. philippii 7219: 7210: 7201: 7192: 7184:A. australis 7183: 7171: 7159: 7142: 7130: 7118: 7097: 7088: 7076: 7064: 7038: 7026: 6986: 6865:U. maritimus 6864: 6863:Polar bear ( 6855: 6854:Brown bear ( 6846: 6837: 6825: 6813: 6804: 6803:Sloth bear ( 6778: 6766: 6754: 6742: 6692: 6683: 6674: 6665: 6656: 6647: 6638: 6629: 6617: 6606:Cuon alpinus 6605: 6596: 6580:L. mesomelas 6579: 6570: 6558: 6527: 6518: 6509: 6508:Pampas fox ( 6500: 6491: 6482: 6470: 6458: 6449: 6433:S. venaticus 6432: 6420: 6408: 6407:Maned wolf ( 6389:Cerdocyonina 6357: 6356:Fennec fox ( 6348: 6339: 6331:V. rueppelli 6330: 6321: 6312: 6303: 6302:Arctic fox ( 6295:V. ferrilata 6294: 6285: 6284:Corsac fox ( 6276: 6267: 6258: 6257:Bengal fox ( 6236: 6224: 6215: 6213: 6203: 6191: 6165: 6164:Island fox ( 6156: 6144: 6077:H. sanguinea 6076: 6067: 6058: 6050:H. ichneumon 6049: 6040: 6028: 6016: 6007: 5998: 5986: 5974: 5965: 5956: 5947: 5930: 5921: 5912: 5903: 5894: 5885: 5877:U. edwardsii 5876: 5868:U. brachyura 5867: 5858: 5846: 5834: 5825: 5795: 5786: 5777: 5769:C. alexandri 5768: 5756: 5744: 5735: 5723: 5711: 5694: 5686:M. gambianus 5685: 5673: 5661: 5645:S. suricatta 5644: 5632: 5607: 5582: 5573: 5561: 5549: 5532: 5523: 5511: 5499: 5469: 5460: 5448: 5436: 5427: 5404:carnivorans) 5385: 5356: 5344: 5332: 5323: 5291: 5279: 5249:Herpestoidea 5212:Herpestoidea 5179: 5171:G. victoriae 5170: 5161: 5160:Cape genet ( 5152: 5144:G. servalina 5143: 5134: 5133:King genet ( 5126:G. piscivora 5125: 5116: 5107: 5098: 5090:G. johnstoni 5089: 5080: 5071: 5062: 5053: 5044: 5026: 5015:P. leightoni 5014: 5005: 4987: 4962: 4953: 4945:V. megaspila 4944: 4936:V. civettina 4935: 4923: 4911: 4902: 4887: 4871: 4844: 4835: 4826: 4814: 4802: 4793: 4784: 4775: 4749: 4740: 4731: 4722: 4620: 4611: 4603:F. margarita 4602: 4593: 4584: 4583:Jungle cat ( 4575: 4566: 4554: 4538: 4529: 4521:P. planiceps 4520: 4511: 4502: 4492:Prionailurus 4490: 4478: 4448: 4436: 4424: 4423:Jaguarundi ( 4407: 4395: 4374: 4365: 4356: 4347: 4335: 4323: 4314: 4305: 4296: 4287: 4278: 4270:L. geoffroyi 4269: 4260: 4259:Pampas cat ( 4248: 4232: 4223: 4211: 4199: 4169: 4160: 4148: 4137:P. marmorata 4136: 4124: 4104: 4079: 4070: 4061: 4052: 4043: 4031: 4019: 4010: 3998: 3953: 3944: 3927: 3900: 3853:Superorder: 3847:Infraclass: 3744: 3715:. 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Lidovky. 1635:seedlings. 1605:floodplains 1539:Acarus siro 1459:Apicomplexa 1437:paratyphoid 1297:fur farming 1133:Tver Oblast 1102:Novosibirsk 1082:Tver Oblast 834:Subspecies 795:Hibernation 776:guard hairs 665:watermelons 621:large moles 595:territory. 529:sea urchins 420:Description 360:name), and 347:Nyctereutes 273:Brass, 1904 167:Nyctereutes 9728:Categories 9645:Q106448077 9225:M. nudipes 9216:M. nivalis 9180:M. kathiah 9135:M. erminea 9126:M. altaica 9076:N. frenata 9067:N. felipei 9037:Mustelinae 8779:I. libycus 8693:G. vittata 8559:M. caurina 8336:M. anakuma 8214:Mustelidae 8201:Mustelidae 8177:see below↓ 8168:Mustelidae 8065:B. neblina 7976:(raccoons) 7947:B. astutus 7945:Ringtail ( 7921:Kinkajou ( 7893:S. pygmaea 7834:M. marchei 7692:Mephitidae 7560:M. leonina 7452:Monachinae 7423:P. hispida 7414:P. caspica 7211:A. gazella 7143:N. cinerea 7039:C. ursinus 6977:Odobenidae 6930:see below↓ 6910:see below↓ 6894:Pinnipedia 6812:Sun bear ( 6779:T. ornatus 6768:Tremarctos 6744:Ailuropoda 6682:Red wolf ( 6648:C. latrans 6571:L. adustus 6528:L. vetulus 6501:L. griseus 6431:Bush dog ( 6322:V. pallida 6320:Pale fox ( 6304:V. lagopus 6275:Cape fox ( 6155:Gray fox ( 5913:U. smithii 5745:H. parvula 5736:H. hirtula 5624:Mungotinae 5513:Galidictis 5486:Galidiinae 5414:Euplerinae 5397:Eupleridae 5386:sensu lato 5357:C. crocuta 5290:Aardwolf ( 5221:see below↓ 5162:G. tigrina 5135:G. poensis 5117:G. pardina 5099:G. letabae 5081:G. genetta 4979:Genettinae 4963:V. zibetha 4883:Viverrinae 4872:sensu lato 4867:Viverrinae 4836:P. jerdoni 4703:Viverridae 4662:see below↓ 4601:Sand cat ( 4408:A. jubatus 4233:C. caracal 4126:Pardofelis 3945:P. linsang 3886:Feliformia 3717:2015-04-09 3688:2015-04-09 3659:2015-04-09 3634:2015-04-09 3608:2015-07-17 3583:2017-02-14 3527:2015-04-09 3465:2015-04-09 3328:2023-03-17 3155:(1): 1–5. 2938:2021-06-10 2906:2019-07-27 2870:"Mårhund ( 2855:2018-11-14 2814:2019-08-24 2788:2008-01-25 2752:2019-08-22 2723:2019-08-22 2566:2017-06-09 2468:2023-03-17 2427:(1): 1–8. 2397:2023-03-17 2177:2021-07-27 2124:2015-04-09 2076:2016-02-16 2034:2009-04-15 1880:2022-02-19 1837:References 1514:Arthropods 1466:epizootics 1452:Eukaryotes 1371:George Gao 1293:SARS-CoV-2 1289:SARS-CoV-1 1070:Kyrgyzstan 820:Subspecies 756:monogamous 727:eagle owls 577:passerines 505:amphibians 449:intestines 387:musteloids 383:true foxes 324:native to 249:Gray, 1834 9171:M. itatsi 9105:(weasels) 8968:Lutrogale 8905:E. lutris 8863:L. felina 8672:(grisons) 8595:M. martes 8538:(martens) 8456:Guloninae 8242:Mellivora 8115:N. narica 8056:B. medius 8047:B. gabbii 8038:B. alleni 8026:(olingos) 7995:Raccoon ( 7847:Spilogale 7733:C. chinga 7714:Conepatus 7670:Ailuridae 7469:Monachini 7381:P. largha 7051:Otariinae 7014:sea lions 7009:fur seals 7000:Otariidae 6885:Mustelida 6856:U. arctos 6718:Arctoidea 6675:C. lycaon 6630:C. aureus 6560:Lupulella 6472:Lycalopex 6349:V. vulpes 6347:Red fox ( 6311:Kit fox ( 6286:V. corsac 6030:Herpestes 5643:Meerkat ( 5402:(Malagasy 5304:Hyaeninae 5265:Hyaenidae 5180:G. felina 4594:F. lybica 4406:Cheetah ( 4324:L. wiedii 4313:Oncilla ( 4279:L. guigna 4250:Leopardus 4231:Caracal ( 4224:C. aurata 4159:Bay cat ( 4080:P. pardus 4078:Leopard ( 4053:P. tigris 4011:N. diardi 3929:Prionodon 3829:Kingdom: 3818:Carnivora 3517:Env.go.jp 3419:0932-0113 2656:cite book 2650:. Latvia. 1922:1095-8312 1777:Sean John 1736:Yaroslavl 1728:Krasnodar 1629:vineyards 1613:Oka River 1609:estuaries 1601:game bird 1498:nematodes 1494:trematode 1419:Lithuania 1218:Moldova. 1173:Chernozem 1153:Yaroslavl 1078:Tatarstan 995:amurensis 898:stegmanni 846:Synonyms 801:hibernate 789:longevity 780:Lactation 733:Behaviour 696:Red foxes 692:Tatarstan 683:Predators 609:hedgehogs 601:tortoises 573:waterfowl 553:Astrakhan 493:omnivores 326:East Asia 174:Species: 146:Carnivora 112:Kingdom: 106:Eukaryota 9639:Wikidata 9540:14000825 9475:11119000 9355:BioLib: 9313:Wikidata 9151:Ferret ( 9085:N. vison 8946:L. lutra 8814:(otters) 8808:Lutrinae 8665:Galictis 8577:M. foina 8492:Fisher ( 8380:Melogale 8363:M. meles 8283:Arctonyx 8128:Nasuella 8106:N. nasua 8083:(coatis) 7997:P. lotor 7773:Mephitis 7532:Mirounga 7282:Phocinae 7263:Phocidae 7132:Neophoca 7078:Zalophus 6985:Walrus ( 6684:C. rufus 6666:C. lupus 6646:Coyote ( 6481:Culpeo ( 6422:Speothos 6358:V. zerda 6340:V. velox 6277:V. chama 5988:Bdeogale 5886:U. fusca 5725:Helogale 5695:M. mungo 5634:Suricata 5563:Salanoia 5470:E. major 5450:Eupleres 5281:Proteles 5270:(hyenas) 5034:(genets) 4585:F. chaus 4576:F. catus 4567:F. bieti 4447:Cougar ( 4397:Acinonyx 4375:L. rufus 4373:Bobcat ( 4322:Margay ( 4304:Ocelot ( 4277:Kodkod ( 4198:Serval ( 4161:C. badia 4150:Catopuma 4060:Jaguar ( 4044:P. uncia 4033:Panthera 4000:Neofelis 3918:Feloidea 3849:Eutheria 3843:Mammalia 3837:Chordata 3835:Phylum: 3831:Animalia 3711:Archived 3682:Archived 3653:Archived 3628:Archived 3577:Archived 3573:NBC News 3545:Archived 3521:Archived 3519:. 1995. 3496:Archived 3459:Archived 3437:28229221 3380:30234026 3181:15152053 3086:23977431 3037:31971553 2996:10608627 2988:12958366 2932:Archived 2900:Archived 2808:Archived 2746:Archived 2717:Archived 2697:(Title: 2633:62265494 2603:(2005). 2557:Archived 2553:35333050 2462:Archived 2391:Archived 2360:42426234 2321:22385104 2282:26125860 2196:Archived 2171:Archived 2146:Archived 2114:Waza.org 2070:Archived 1825:See also 1747:Far East 1740:Dagestan 1732:Novogrod 1721:, Italy. 1653:Far East 1570:C. canis 1502:cestodes 1500:, seven 1464:Massive 1431:Bacteria 1415:Voronezh 1336:preprint 1308:zoonosis 1247:SARS-CoV 1197:Dagestan 1177:Voronezh 1175:belt of 1165:Vladimir 1145:Smolensk 1137:Novgorod 1098:Murmansk 1090:Orenburg 1074:Kirgizia 1046:Primorye 979:Matschie 891:sinensis 723:goshawks 673:tomatoes 669:pumpkins 629:rhizomes 589:pheasant 567:, while 561:Voronezh 531:, human 521:mollusks 517:reptiles 472:underfur 406:mårdhund 391:gray fox 237:Synonyms 152:Family: 136:Mammalia 126:Chordata 122:Phylum: 116:Animalia 102:Domain: 79:IUCN 3.1 22:Coon dog 9711:1461498 9685:5739464 9618:1461496 9527:1005961 9449:2434552 9319:Q133189 9153:M. furo 9098:Mustela 9047:Neogale 8894:Enhydra 8768:Ictonyx 8727:Vormela 8684:G. cuja 8611:Sable ( 8518:G. gulo 8483:Pekania 8468:Tayra ( 8265:Melinae 8077:Nasuina 7969:Procyon 7325:Phocini 6964:(seals) 6899:(seals) 6791:Ursinae 6733:(bears) 6728:Ursidae 6604:Dhole ( 6394:(zorro) 6268:V. cana 6178:Vulpini 6146:Urocyon 6130:Canidae 5922:U. urva 5426:Fossa ( 5346:Crocuta 5028:Genetta 4925:Viverra 4466:lineage 4388:lineage 4357:L. lynx 4213:Caracal 4187:lineage 4185:Caracal 4117:lineage 4115:Bay cat 4101:Felinae 4062:P. onca 4051:Tiger ( 3971:Felidae 3841:Class: 3820:species 3816:Extant 3428:5360840 3371:6127651 3354:: 298. 3172:7086556 3104:n-tv.de 3077:3747522 2966:Bibcode 2958:Science 2896:TV2 Fyn 2237:3504213 1680:Fur use 1639:Hunting 1617:muskrat 1478:Tartary 1474:Ukraine 1441:anthrax 1402:virus. 1376:Science 1223:Jutland 1209:Lugansk 1205:Kherson 1201:Poltava 1157:Vologda 1113:Irkutsk 1066:Armenia 1048:in the 653:berries 637:millets 617:desmans 549:gerbils 537:carrion 533:garbage 501:rodents 497:insects 482:Ecology 410:mårhund 370:name). 363:neoguri 330:Canidae 310:Chinese 208:, 1834) 162:Genus: 156:Canidae 142:Order: 132:Class: 77: ( 51:Ukraine 18:Raccoon 9698:998411 9592:232952 9501:183821 9462:855311 9423:305291 9410:NYKRPR 9397:328684 9371:174676 8843:Lontra 8531:Martes 7806:Mydaus 7700:skunks 6664:Wolf ( 6544:Canina 6374:Canini 6238:Vulpes 6134:(dogs) 5675:Mungos 4989:Poiana 4071:P. leo 4069:Lion ( 3975:(cats) 3555: 3435: 3425: 3417: 3378: 3368: 3179: 3169: 3084: 3074: 3035: 2994: 2986: 2631: 2621: 2587: 2551: 2545:563458 2543: 2495: 2358: 2319: 2280: 2235: 2062: 1994: 1920: 1800:rabbit 1796:coyote 1773:Macy's 1657:Laikas 1631:, and 1536:, and 1443:, and 1417:, and 1407:rabies 1207:, and 1183:, and 1181:Tambov 1149:Moscow 1143:, and 1119:, and 1104:, and 1088:, and 1060:, the 977:1907, 948:Thomas 946:1923, 922:1922, 871:1834, 843:Range 761:Estrus 725:, and 688:Wolves 671:, and 661:melons 657:grapes 649:fruits 605:shrews 593:Ussuri 585:Grouse 579:, and 539:, and 402:marten 368:Korean 358:Evenki 353:mangut 338:tanuki 336:, the 9706:WoRMS 9672:11779 9667:EUNIS 9613:WoRMS 9605:12057 9566:34880 9514:14925 9488:72656 9470:IRMNG 9384:4859P 8992:Aonyx 8935:Lutra 8325:Meles 8095:Nasua 7370:Phoca 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