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248:
433:, to propose alterations to Compton Verney. Adam’s proposed remodelling was much more extensive than anything that had taken place before. His drawings of the ground, first and attic storeys show what was to be retained from the original building and what was demolished. Three of the four sides of the original courtyard house (the east, north and south wings) were to be torn down, and Adam proposed the addition of a portico on the new east front and the reconstruction of the north and south wings, giving the house its present U-shape.
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488:. The painting shows John, 14th Baron and his family in the breakfast room on the ground floor at Compton Verney. Although Adam’s work on the mansion was completed in 1769, building work continued on the other buildings at Compton Verney until the 1780s and it was during this period that the grounds were re-landscaped. In 1769/1770 the ‘Green House’ (which no longer survives) was constructed, and in 1771/1772 the Ice-House and ‘Cow House’ were finished.
542:(1773–1852), an eccentric character who became increasingly reclusive. He made minor alterations to the building, such as architect Henry Hakewill’s transformation of the Saloon into a Dining room in 1824. There was also some work in the grounds, including the extension of the lower lake in around 1815 by the engineer William Whitmore, and the erection of a White Cornish
452:. The most important changes include the removal of the Great Staircase on the west front and its replacement by a Saloon with pairs of columns, plus alterations to the Hall, as well as the creation of an attic storey above it. Adam also added a library and octagonal study to the south wing and adapted the brewhouse and bakery to the north of the house.
265:
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the west and south wings, with the servants’ quarters on the north side where the service buildings were. The west wing was dominated by the Great Hall, which probably occupied the same site as the original medieval Hall built in the 1440s. The Great
Staircase (now lost) led up from the Hall to the main apartments above.
383:
The basic layout of
Compton Verney in the 1730s can be reconstructed from the surviving evidence, which includes two inventories dating from this period. It was a courtyard house, entered from the east (as today), through an archway with a cupola in the now-lost east wing. The main apartments were in
323:
of about 1655, published by
William Dugdale, shows a great hall, a long south wing with gabled dormer windows and chimneys looking down to the lake. It had octagonal turrets at either end, kitchens to the left (south west) and a chapel. The first surviving inventory of the house, which dates from the
521:
The Ice House at
Compton Verney was originally thatched, but after 1817 there are no further records of re-thatching or repair and the Ice House was either abandoned or possibly covered in earth and grass – an approach seen with other Ice Houses – as this was how it was found when the present owners
416:
After both sons died, the estate was inherited by George’s great-nephew, John Peyto Verney, (1738–1816) subsequently 14th Baron, who was also fortunate enough to inherit the neighbouring estate of
Chesterton, thus raising the family’s income to a substantial £4,000 a year. This additional income and
411:
Just on the right of the road between Little
Keinton and Wellsburn is the seat of the Hon. Mr Verney ... It stands low and is built of Stone; the front is towards the Garden and has 11 Windows ... Below there is a handsome Gallery or Dancing Room... The Gardens, with the room taken up by the house
347:
At this time the house was passed to
Greville Verney (1619–1648). Upon his death, tenure then passed to Sir Greville Verney (1649–1668) and then on to William Verney (1668–1683) the 10th Baron Willoughby de Broke who died aged 15 with no heir. The title went into abeyance until William's great-uncle
651:
following a fall whilst out hunting with the
Warwickshire Foxhounds near his new seat. Lord Manton was buried at his nearby manor of Offchurch, where he was living pending the refurbishment of Compton Verney. His funeral procession departed Compton Verney followed on foot by over one hundred estate
328:
in 1642, describes a house of thirty rooms (including a hall, two parlours, seventeen bedrooms, an armoury and study as well as servants’ quarters and outbuildings), furnished with velvet, tapestry and pictures to a total value of £900. A silk and wool embroidery showing
Lucretia’s Banquet may have
500:
was employed to lay out the grounds in keeping with the new taste for more naturalistic landscape. He eliminated all trace of the earlier formal gardens, including the canal on the west front and the avenues running east to west. These were replaced with grassland and trees, with the planting of
467:
interiors had been left as they were. Robert Adam was often responsible for the interior decoration as well as the architectural design of his buildings. However, at
Compton Verney he designed the decoration of only a few rooms, including the Hall and the Saloon. The rest were decorated by local
356:
In 1711, George Verney (1661–1728) the 12th Baron Willoughby de Broke, inherited the estate and decided to rebuild the house and re-landscape the gardens. This was a period when medieval houses were being remodelled in the classical style, and new country seats such as the Duke of Marlborough’s
604:
and sold his holding, he retired relatively young in his 40s intending to devote the rest of his life to horse-racing, fox-hunting and the life of a country gentleman, whilst also redirecting his business acumen into pioneering industrial agriculture on other estates he had acquired with his
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The 18th Baron also made significant changes to the landscape, the most dramatic being the addition of a long, majestic crescent of Wellingtonia (also known as Giant Sequoias or Sierra Redwoods) between the Upper bridge and the south-eastern gate.
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Ice was cut in blocks from the lake during the winter and dragged up to the Ice house. A drain at the bottom allowed water from the melted ice to escape. The structure was built mainly underground where the temperature is more consistently cool.
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shows three large plaster picture frames placed high on the walls that originally contained large landscape paintings with classical ruins. These landscapes were painted by the Venetian artist and favoured collaborator of Robert Adam,
299:“Richard Verney Esquire (afterward Knight)... built a great part of the House, as it now standeth, wherein, besides his own Armes with matches, he then set up...towards the upper end of the Hall, the Armes of King Henry the Sixth.“
565:
invited architect John Gibson to work on the site. He made changes to the Hall, which included the addition of a splendid hunting frieze, the decorated ceiling and a new external door. He also added lodges to the main gates.
667:
After the army left in 1945, the house was never lived in again. In 1958, it was acquired by Harry Ellard, a local property and nightclub owner, who occasionally authorised film companies to shoot there. One such film was
513:
was built in 1772 by ‘Capability’ Brown during the extensive remodelling. An Ice House was a ‘must have’ accessory of the day amongst leading gentry, with growing demand for refrigerated food, sorbets and ice creams.
348:
Richard Verney (1621–1711), who inherited the estate in 1683, decided to exert his claim to the barony. In 1695 the House of Lords accepted the claim and Richard Verney became the 11th Baron Willoughby de Broke.
708:
was commissioned to repurpose it as an art museum, designing a new wing and providing exhibition spaces and visitor facilities. This now houses the British Folk Art Collection, the largest collection of British
480:(1726–1795). They were removed from the house and sold at a later date, and only the plaster frames remain. It is this period in the history of the house that is captured in the famous painting by the artist
656:(1899–1968), sold the house in 1929 (having, with much public disapproval, sold the mediaeval stained glass in the Verney Chapel) to the Manchester cotton manufacturer Samuel Lamb, who moved out during the
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cedars and over 2,200 oak and ash saplings. Brown also turned the lakes into a single expanse of water by removing the dam between the Upper Long Pool and the Middle Pool to make way for his Upper Bridge.
660:
when Compton Verney was requisitioned by the army. During the war the grounds were used as an experimental station for smoke-screen camouflage, as an outstation of the Camouflage School established at
412:
contain 20 Acres. The Gardens rise up an hill, and are well-contrived for Use and Convenience. There are Views down to a Pond; of these Ponds there are 4 in a string, which make a mile in length.
396:; these can still be seen today. Extensive formal gardens were also added to the north and south, and the main approach to the house ran east to west, with an ornamental canal on the west lawn.
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of the 1870s and 1880s, in common with other landed estates across the country, as they were dependent on agricultural rent for income. The house was let out from 1887 to 1902 due to this.
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Blenheim Palace in nearby Woodstock were being built. George commissioned an extensive reconstruction of the earlier house, whilst preserving much of the plan of the original building.
987:
167:. The property was restored to a gallery capable of hosting international exhibitions. Compton Verney Art Gallery is now run by Compton Verney House Trust, a registered charity.
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The building work for Adam's alterations was carried out from about 1762–1768, supervised by the Warwick architect and mason, William Hiorn, who was also employed locally at
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344:– 1642), the 7th Baron Willoughby de Broke and 15th Baron Latimer held tenure of Compton Verney from his father's death in 1630 until his own death in 1642.
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took over Compton Verney in the 1990s. Clearance of the Ice House at Compton Verney started in 2008. The Ice House has now been fully restored.
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The house was further extended in the late sixteenth century, following the marriage of Sir Richard Verney (1536–1630) to Margaret, daughter of
360:
The new design that was commissioned – the basis of the house which we see today – has been convincingly attributed by architectural historian
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In 1993 it was bought in a run-down state by the Peter Moores Foundation, a charity supporting music and the visual arts established by former
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421:, Oxfordshire) may have been what encouraged John Peyto Verney to improve the estate and completely remodel the house as George had done.
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The last Verney to live in the mansion was Richard Greville Verney (1869–1923), 19th Baron Willoughby de Broke, whose nostalgic memoir,
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561:(1809–1862), whose name was originally Robert John Bernard, did very little to the house as he was more interested in hunting.
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sold the property to Samuel Lamb. It was requisitioned by the army during World War II and became vacant when the war ended.
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been one of the original pieces hanging in the Great Hall from this period. Records show that this was sold in 1913 to the
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Since then, the history of the estate over the last 150 years has been a chequered one. Compton Verney suffered in the
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in Yorkshire, a soap manufacturer at Leeds. Having merged the core part of his business into what became
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over the old family vault near the lake in about 1848. This structure is said to have been based on the
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there was a manor-house built at Compton Verney in about 1442. In 1656 William Dugdale wrote in his
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Hall, Peter; Mullin, Michael (December 1975). "Peter Hall's "Midsummer Night's Dream" on Film".
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During the next 70 years the estate changed hands a number of times. The new owner in 1921 was
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only two months before his death in March 1922 from a heart attack whilst out hunting with the
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bought the property and restored the original building. The architectural practice
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from around the world which inspired the textile designs of 20th century artist
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about 12 miles (19 km) north-west of Banbury. Today, it is the site of the
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312:(1535–1606). Richard inherited her family estates and claims to the barony of
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in the early 18th century and then remodelled and the interiors redesigned by
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Coats of arms in stained glass windows of Old Compton Verney House, drawn by
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Very little is known about this early house at Compton Verney. A drawing by
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1081:. J C Groom Architects and Historic Building Consultants. Archived from
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The floor plans of the house were published in the fifth volume of
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Stables were built to the north of the house in 1735 by architect
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in Suffolk. He purchased the famous racehorse training estate of
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John commissioned the prominent Scottish neoclassical architect,
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Gules, three crosses recerclée or a chief vair ermine and ermines
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in Wiltshire, and in 1921 had already produced horses which won
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art from 1450 to 1650; British portraits including paintings of
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The house and its 5,079-acre (20.55 km) estate was sold by
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in a requisitioned house, was filmed at the property in 1977.
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his marriage in 1761 to the sister of Lord North (from nearby
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near Leeds; however, just a few months later, he died from a
251:
Old Compton Verney, detail of view from south-east, drawn by
798:
Compton Verney : a history of the house and its owners
679:, which was shot both inside the house and in the grounds.
629:, for which the racing press called him "Mr Lucky Watson".
745:
COMPTON VERNEY HOUSE TRUST, registered charity no. 1032478
643:, for his wartime services in manufacturing munitions at
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and at many of the new college buildings being built in
57:. It is located on the west side of a lake north of the
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By the 1980s, Compton Verney had become semi-derelict.
988:"Capability Brown and the Landscape of Middle England"
538:, and on his death by his younger brother, who became
800:. Stratford-upon-Avon: Shakespeare Birthplace Trust.
625:(the world's highest prize-money) and a 3rd place in
213:; and the Enid Marx / Margaret Lambert Collection of
825:. www.birmingham.ac.uk: Warwickshire County Council.
337:. Richard and Margaret's only son, Greville Verney (
652:workers to the church at Offchurch. His eldest son
372:(1678–1742) and his son William, who had worked at
239:Old Compton Verney, view from south-east, drawn by
1271:
911:"Robert Adam Neo-Classical Architect and Designer"
471:His drawing for the decoration of the Hall in the
491:
97:. Left: south-west front; right: south-east front
89:, with alterations and additions of 1761–1765 by
1155:(2007 ed.). London: Routledge. p. 333.
1153:English Landed Society in the Nineteenth Century
468:craftsmen using their own pattern-book designs.
409:
297:
823:Shakespeare’s County’: Warwickshire c1550-1750
596:(1873 – 13 March 1922), of Linton Spring near
107:Richard Verney, 11th Baron Willoughby de Broke
85:Compton Verney, west range, attributed to Sir
1417:History of the manor at British History.ac.uk
776:The Antiquities of Warwickshire 1656 and 1730
492:Lancelot 'Capability' Brown at Compton Verney
111:George Verney, 12th Baron Willoughby de Broke
16:18th-century mansion in Warwickshire, England
8:
997:. Compton Verney House Trust. Archived from
837:"Verney, family, Barons Willoughby de Broke"
1334:"Compton Verney Art Gallery, Warwickshire"
484:, now owned by the J.Paul Getty Museum in
132:, the 19th baron, in 1921 to soap magnate
946:. Peter Moores Foundation. Archived from
605:proceeds, namely at nearby Offchurch, at
534:died in 1816, the house was inherited by
174:art from 1600 to 1800; Northern European
1474:Grade I listed buildings in Warwickshire
1121:"19th & 20th Century Compton Verney"
970:"British History Online: Compton Verney"
751:Charity Commission for England and Wales
407:, described the house in 1735, writing:
41:) is an 18th-century country mansion at
20:
1360:"Saved! by the Peter Moores Foundation"
1024:"Managing a Capability Brown Landscape"
734:
109:. It was first extensively extended by
1143:
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1049:"Compton Verney Ice House Restoration"
778:(Second ed.). Newton Regis. 1730.
25:Compton Verney House, viewed from east
1214:"Military Training at Compton Verney"
889:"The stable block and formal gardens"
154:George Miles Watson, 2nd Baron Manton
7:
1278:. London: Faber and Faber. pp.
1172:. London. 14 March 1922. p. 12.
685:, a fictional account of a wartime
136:who was elevated to the peerage as
1407:Compton Verney Art Gallery website
1075:"Compton Verney House and Gallery"
559:The 17th Baron Willoughby de Broke
540:The 16th Baron Willoughby de Broke
536:The 15th Baron Willoughby de Broke
532:The 14th Baron Willoughby de Broke
14:
841:discovery.nationalarchives.gov.uk
1310:. Compton Verney. Archived from
1198:"Demand for old stained glass".
700:In 1993 the visual arts charity
77:Compton Verney, south-east front
1412:Peter Moores Foundation website
1053:englishbuildings.blogspot.co.uk
478:Antonio Pietro Francesco Zucchi
1469:Country houses in Warwickshire
1308:memoriesofcomptonverney.org.uk
1218:memoriesofcomptonverney.org.uk
864:"Compton Verney, Warwickshire"
1:
1382:"British Folk Art Collection"
1107:, page 28. Brewin Books, 2013
796:Bearman, Robert, ed. (2000).
632:In 1922, he was made The 1st
496:In 1769, landscape architect
338:
1304:"Memories of Compton Verney"
1187:. 18 March 1922. p. 13.
1149:Longstreth Thompson, Francis
1105:The Obelisks of Warwickshire
473:Victoria & Albert Museum
1245:Educational Theatre Journal
940:"Compton Verney Collection"
764:Compton Verney: Collections
674:1968 film of Shakespeare's
498:Lancelot ‘Capability’ Brown
293:Antiquities of Warwickshire
201:including objects from the
123:Lancelot "Capability" Brown
93:and alterations of 1855 by
1500:
1202:. 3 April 1936. p. 9.
974:www.british-history.ac.uk/
919:Victoria and Albert Museum
723:Compton Verney Art Gallery
331:Victoria and Albert Museum
228:
63:Compton Verney Art Gallery
1028:www.my-garden-school.com/
676:A Midsummer Night's Dream
638:of Compton Verney in the
1166:"Death of Lord Manton".
1125:www.comptonverney.org.uk
995:www.comtponverney.org.uk
170:The collections include
1479:Museums in Warwickshire
1464:Gardens in Warwickshire
1183:"Funeral Lord Manton".
1103:Nicholson, Jean et al:
702:Peter Moores Foundation
696:Peter Moores Foundation
654:Miles, 2nd Baron Manton
575:agricultural depression
231:Manor of Compton Verney
130:Richard Greville Verney
105:house built in 1714 by
1384:. Compton Verney House
1362:. Compton Verney House
891:. Compton Verney House
425:Robert Adam remodelled
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146:Warwickshire Foxhounds
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457:Vitruvius Britannicus
278:
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238:
84:
76:
24:
1440:52.17348°N 1.54519°W
1314:on 16 September 2009
1270:Hare, David (1984).
1224:on 26 September 2015
1085:on 26 September 2015
1004:on 26 September 2015
821:Jonathan Parkhouse.
609:in Yorkshire and at
30:Compton Verney House
1436: /
1338:stantonwilliams.com
1079:www.johncgoom.co.uk
843:. National Archives
662:Stratford-upon-Avon
623:Grand Prix de Paris
314:Willoughby de Broke
1445:52.17348; -1.54519
1340:. Stanton Williams
1055:. Philip Wilkinson
868:patrickbaty.co.uk/
687:propaganda station
310:Sir Fulke Greville
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101:The building is a
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1274:The history plays
640:County of Warwick
587:The Passing Years
326:English Civil War
321:Wenceslaus Hollar
209:periods; British
142:of Compton Verney
119:John Peyto-Verney
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658:Second World War
442:Stoneleigh Abbey
438:Charlecote House
388:The Stable Block
362:Richard Hewlings
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304:Tudor and Stuart
268:Arms of Verney:
165:Sir Peter Moores
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1443: /
1228:16 February
1130:16 February
1089:16 February
1059:16 February
1033:16 February
954:16 February
924:16 February
847:16 February
713:in the UK.
486:Los Angeles
459:in 1771 by
431:Robert Adam
399:A visitor,
394:James Gibbs
342: 1586
283:(1605–1686)
255:(1605–1686)
243:(1605–1686)
184:Elizabeth I
161:Littlewoods
115:Robert Adam
95:John Gibson
91:Robert Adam
1458:Categories
1428:52°10′25″N
1344:16 January
1318:9 February
1251:(4): 529.
873:9 February
729:References
670:Peter Hall
446:Gloucester
180:Henry VIII
172:Neapolitan
148:at nearby
1431:1°32′43″W
1200:The Times
1185:The Times
1169:The Times
711:naive art
627:The Derby
511:Ice House
450:Painswick
405:Caversham
219:Enid Marx
203:Neolithic
188:Edward VI
163:chairman
125:in 1769.
1388:1 August
1366:1 August
1151:(1963).
895:1 August
717:See also
619:The Oaks
602:Unilever
598:Wetherby
352:Georgian
260:Medieval
215:folk art
211:folk art
176:medieval
69:Overview
38:SP312529
645:Barnbow
547:obelisk
544:granite
465:Baroque
364:to the
225:History
199:bronzes
196:Chinese
55:England
47:Kineton
1286:
1008:7 June
917:. UK:
804:
621:, the
615:Manton
611:Orford
378:Oxford
366:Oxford
335:London
1280:11–15
1002:(PDF)
991:(PDF)
607:Selby
555:Italy
530:When
207:Shang
59:B4086
45:near
1390:2022
1368:2022
1346:2024
1320:2015
1284:ISBN
1230:2015
1132:2015
1091:2015
1061:2015
1035:2015
1010:2015
956:2015
926:2015
897:2022
875:2015
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802:ISBN
509:The
448:and
440:and
205:and
186:and
138:1st
117:for
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
