363:
53:
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based on mathematical models provide very precise predictions on how systems behave. Unfortunately, it is often the case that solving the mathematical model for a particular system in order to produce a useful prediction is not feasible. This can occur, for instance, when the solution does not have a
864:
to calculate properties of solids, a method similar to that used by chemists to study molecules. Other quantities of interest in solid state physics, such as the electronic band structure, magnetic properties and charge densities can be calculated by this and several methods, including the
379:, or is too complicated. In such cases, numerical approximations are required. Computational physics is the subject that deals with these numerical approximations: the approximation of the solution is written as a finite (and typically large) number of simple mathematical operations (
591:- for example, the density functional theory used by computational solid state physicists to calculate properties of solids is basically the same as that used by chemists to calculate the properties of molecules.
403:, a third way that supplements theory and experiment. While computers can be used in experiments for the measurement and recording (and storage) of data, this clearly does not constitute a computational approach.
506:
Because computational physics uses a broad class of problems, it is generally divided amongst the different mathematical problems it numerically solves, or the methods it applies. Between them, one can consider:
395:
There is a debate about the status of computation within the scientific method. Sometimes it is regarded as more akin to theoretical physics; some others regard computer simulation as "
1116:
411:
Computational physics problems are in general very difficult to solve exactly. This is due to several (mathematical) reasons: lack of algebraic and/or analytic solvability,
366:
A representation of the multidisciplinary nature of computational physics both as an overlap of physics, applied mathematics, and computer science and as a bridge among them
484:
1674:
318:
1552:
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1641:
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in the size of the system and for classical N-body it is of order N-squared. Finally, many physical systems are inherently nonlinear at best, and at worst
1930:
789:
Due to the broad class of problems computational physics deals, it is an essential component of modern research in different areas of physics, namely:
2943:
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with physical objects and the environment. One subfield at the confluence between CFD and electromagnetic modelling is
342:. Historically, computational physics was the first application of modern computers in science, and is now a subset of
30:
This article is about computational science applied in physics. For theories comparing the universe to a computer, see
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Sauer, Tim; Grebogi, Celso; Yorke, James A (1997). "How Long Do
Numerical Chaotic Solutions Remain Valid?".
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constituent particles, so it is somewhat of a problem. Solving quantum mechanical problems is generally of
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All these methods (and several others) are used to calculate physical properties of the modeled systems.
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is a (relatively) new field interested in finding numerical solutions to the field equations of both
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itself, applying methods of computer science and physics to large complex biological problems.
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638:
622:
It is possible to find a corresponding computational branch for every major field in physics:
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makes heavy use of Monte Carlo-like methods. More broadly, (particularly through the use of
692:
679:
525:
428:
399:", yet still others consider it an intermediate or different branch between theoretical and
265:
232:
114:
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is the application of these techniques and methods to astrophysical problems and phenomena.
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119:
31:
1141:
1087:
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17:
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2508:
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491:
432:
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415:, and chaos. For example, even apparently simple problems, such as calculating the
1051:
459:) tend to grow quickly. A macroscopic system typically has a size of the order of
2839:
2465:
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822:
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1971:
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1004:
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412:
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1103:
2364:
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1431:
1300:
874:
728:, and mathematical models for the propagation of disease (most notably, the
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is a very important division of computational physics dealing directly with
380:
1263:
2425:
541:
1652:
1186:
International
Journal of Modern Physics C (IJMPC): Physics and Computers
350:, but others consider it an intermediate branch between theoretical and
1095:
439:
is also sometimes used (a working is shown for this particular example
339:
1218:
B. Stickler, E. Schachinger, Basic concepts in computational physics,
1535:
1251:
1006:
A survey of computational physics: introductory computational science
606:
to solve the problems (as the problems usually can be very large, in
371:
34:. For the study of the fundamental physical limits of computers, see
1908:
982:
Landau, Rubin H.; Páez, Manuel J.; Bordeianu, Cristian C. (2015).
896:
891:
361:
354:— an area of study which supplements both theory and experiment.
695:
which deals with the simulation of models and theories (such as
1912:
1656:
1304:
1285:
346:. It is sometimes regarded as a subdiscipline (or offshoot) of
498:
do not grow to the point of rendering the 'solution' useless.
487:
1003:
Landau, Rubin H.; Paez, Jose; Bordeianu, Cristian C. (2011).
1264:
American
Physical Society: Division of Computational Physics
435:, may be required. On the more advanced side, mathematical
587:
Computational physics also borrows a number of ideas from
892:
CECAM - Centre européen de calcul atomique et moléculaire
665:
is a rapidly growing field that was developed due to the
27:
Numerical simulations of physical problems via computers
1290:
1281:
SciDAC: Scientific
Discovery through Advanced Computing
922:, computational physics libraries and pedagogical tools
860:
Computational solid state physics, for example, uses
465:
2777:
2724:
2686:
2633:
2595:
2557:
2499:
2416:
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2324:
2269:
2206:
2139:
2103:
2060:
2024:
1957:
1860:
1832:
1809:
1761:
1733:
1690:
1614:
1551:
1479:
1395:
1367:
1339:
1211:T. Pang, An Introduction to Computational Physics,
594:Furthermore, computational physics encompasses the
985:Computational Physics: Problem Solving with Python
760:deals with problems motivated by particle physics.
478:
1269:Institute of Physics: Computational Physics Group
1296:Computational Physics Course with youtube videos
906:Important publications in computational physics
494:: this means it can be difficult to ensure any
948:
946:
649:is the process of modeling the interaction of
1948:Note: This template roughly follows the 2012
1924:
1668:
1316:
1252:C20 IUPAP Commission on Computational Physics
1074:(1982). "Simulating physics with computers".
312:
8:
1076:International Journal of Theoretical Physics
419:of an electron orbiting an atom in a strong
1032:
1030:
857:physics, hypervelocity impact physics etc.
833:), simulating physical systems (using e.g.
1931:
1917:
1909:
1675:
1661:
1653:
1323:
1309:
1301:
319:
305:
51:
40:
1235:Science in the Age of Computer Simulation
897:Division of Computational Physics (DCOMP)
470:
464:
703:) that are difficult to solve otherwise.
1176:Practical Guide to Computer Simulations
942:
43:
2648:Knowledge representation and reasoning
1521:Atomic, molecular, and optical physics
2673:Philosophy of artificial intelligence
7:
1992:Energy consumption (Green computing)
1291:SCINET Scientific Software Framework
691:is a field related to computational
2678:Distributed artificial intelligence
1950:ACM Computing Classification System
407:Challenges in computational physics
334:is the study and implementation of
2183:Integrated development environment
839:nuclear engineering computer codes
655:computational magnetohydrodynamics
25:
2658:Automated planning and scheduling
2188:Software configuration management
931:Car–Parrinello molecular dynamics
926:Timeline of computational physics
2912:
2902:
2893:
2892:
2903:
2306:Computational complexity theory
1642:Timeline of physics discoveries
532:ordinary differential equations
175:Smoothed particle hydrodynamics
2090:Network performance evaluation
823:lattice quantum chromodynamics
776:is a branch of biophysics and
758:Computational particle physics
556:partial differential equations
1:
2944:Computational fields of study
2461:Multimedia information system
2446:Geographic information system
2436:Enterprise information system
2025:Computer systems organization
647:Computational electrodynamics
170:Dissipative particle dynamics
2820:Computational social science
2408:Theoretical computer science
2221:Software development process
1997:Electronic design automation
1982:Very Large Scale Integration
843:protein structure prediction
811:computational fluid dynamics
799:general theory of relativity
631:computational fluid dynamics
2643:Natural language processing
2431:Information storage systems
1606:Quantum information science
1239:University of Chicago Press
1037:A molecular dynamics primer
887:Advanced Simulation Library
574:Jacobi eigenvalue algorithm
2960:
2559:Human–computer interaction
2529:Intrusion detection system
2441:Social information systems
2426:Database management system
1437:Classical electromagnetism
1213:Cambridge University Press
1011:Princeton University Press
959:Cambridge University Press
766:Computational astrophysics
522:system of linear equations
105:Morse/Long-range potential
29:
2888:
2825:Computational engineering
2800:Computational mathematics
1946:
1204:, Computational Physics,
1150:10.1103/PhysRevLett.79.59
901:American Physical Society
862:density functional theory
667:quantum many-body problem
570:matrix eigenvalue problem
2835:Computational healthcare
2830:Differentiable computing
2749:Graphics processing unit
2168:Domain-specific language
2037:Computational complexity
1543:Condensed matter physics
774:Computational biophysics
449:computational complexity
2810:Computational chemistry
2744:Photograph manipulation
2635:Artificial intelligence
2451:Decision support system
1130:Physical Review Letters
663:Computational chemistry
627:Computational mechanics
589:computational chemistry
550:Monte Carlo integration
479:{\displaystyle 10^{23}}
110:Lennard-Jones potential
2875:Educational technology
2706:Reinforcement learning
2456:Process control system
2354:Computational geometry
2344:Algorithmic efficiency
2339:Analysis of algorithms
1987:Systems on Chip (SoCs)
1898:Transportation science
1627:Nobel Prize in Physics
1489:Relativistic mechanics
953:Thijssen, Jos (2007).
734:spread of forest fires
651:electromagnetic fields
502:Methods and algorithms
480:
457:classical counterparts
377:closed-form expression
370:In physics, different
367:
36:physics of computation
2939:Computational physics
2845:Electronic publishing
2815:Computational biology
2805:Computational physics
2701:Unsupervised learning
2615:Distributed computing
2491:Information retrieval
2398:Mathematical analysis
2388:Mathematical software
2271:Theory of computation
2236:Software construction
2226:Requirements analysis
2104:Software organization
2032:Computer architecture
2002:Hardware acceleration
1967:Printed circuit board
1684:Computational science
1632:Philosophy of physics
990:John Wiley & Sons
955:Computational Physics
855:soft condensed matter
778:computational biology
689:statistical mechanics
633:(CFD), computational
608:processing power need
516:Newton-Raphson method
481:
365:
344:computational science
338:to solve problems in
332:Computational physics
45:Computational physics
18:Computational Physics
2605:Concurrent computing
2577:Ubiquitous computing
2549:Application security
2544:Information security
2373:Discrete mathematics
2349:Randomized algorithm
2301:Computability theory
2279:Model of computation
2251:Software maintenance
2246:Software engineering
2208:Software development
2158:Programming language
2153:Programming paradigm
2070:Network architecture
1743:Electronic structure
1591:Mathematical physics
819:lattice gauge theory
815:lattice field theory
803:numerical relativity
742:Numerical relativity
714:agent based modeling
463:
443:). In addition, the
401:experimental physics
397:computer experiments
352:experimental physics
210:Metropolis algorithm
2880:Document management
2870:Operations research
2795:Enterprise software
2711:Multi-task learning
2696:Supervised learning
2418:Information systems
2241:Software deployment
2198:Software repository
2052:Real-time computing
1748:Molecular mechanics
1566:Atmospheric physics
1405:Classical mechanics
1333:branches of physics
1286:Open Source Physics
1142:1997PhRvL..79...59S
1088:1982IJTP...21..467F
1072:Feynman, Richard P.
1048:University of Udine
1046:, Furio Ercolessi,
920:Open Source Physics
915:theoretical physics
851:solid state physics
791:accelerator physics
710:statistical physics
676:solid state physics
536:Runge–Kutta methods
437:perturbation theory
348:theoretical physics
193:Monte Carlo methods
2663:Search methodology
2610:Parallel computing
2567:Interaction design
2476:Computing platform
2403:Numerical analysis
2393:Information theory
2178:Software framework
2141:Software notations
2080:Network components
1977:Integrated circuit
1705:Biological systems
1622:History of physics
1274:2015-02-13 at the
1257:2015-11-15 at the
1191:2004-11-03 at the
1096:10.1007/bf02650179
1057:2015-09-24 at the
1042:2015-01-11 at the
847:weather prediction
835:molecular dynamics
750:general relativity
746:special relativity
637:and computational
604:hardware structure
476:
453:many-body problems
445:computational cost
368:
336:numerical analysis
238:Molecular dynamics
2926:
2925:
2855:Electronic voting
2785:Quantum Computing
2778:Applied computing
2764:Image compression
2534:Hardware security
2524:Security services
2481:Digital marketing
2261:Open-source model
2173:Modeling language
2085:Network scheduler
1906:
1905:
1873:Materials science
1753:Quantum mechanics
1650:
1649:
1637:Physics education
1586:Materials science
1553:Interdisciplinary
1511:Quantum mechanics
718:cellular automata
639:contact mechanics
560:finite difference
488:exponential order
429:graphical methods
391:Status in physics
329:
328:
180:Turbulence models
160:Lattice Boltzmann
140:Finite difference
16:(Redirected from
2951:
2916:
2915:
2906:
2905:
2896:
2895:
2716:Cross-validation
2688:Machine learning
2572:Social computing
2539:Network security
2334:Algorithm design
2256:Programming team
2216:Control variable
2193:Software library
2131:Software quality
2126:Operating system
2075:Network protocol
1940:Computer science
1933:
1926:
1919:
1910:
1796:Particle physics
1776:Electromagnetics
1677:
1670:
1663:
1654:
1576:Chemical physics
1516:Particle physics
1442:Classical optics
1325:
1318:
1311:
1302:
1202:Steven E. Koonin
1197:World Scientific
1180:World Scientific
1162:
1161:
1125:
1119:
1115:
1082:(6–7): 467–488.
1068:
1062:
1034:
1025:
1024:
1000:
994:
993:
979:
973:
972:
950:
693:condensed matter
680:material science
526:LU decomposition
496:numerical errors
485:
483:
482:
477:
475:
474:
321:
314:
307:
233:Particle-in-cell
155:Boundary element
115:Yukawa potential
78:Particle physics
68:Electromagnetics
55:
41:
21:
2959:
2958:
2954:
2953:
2952:
2950:
2949:
2948:
2929:
2928:
2927:
2922:
2913:
2884:
2865:Word processing
2773:
2759:Virtual reality
2720:
2682:
2653:Computer vision
2629:
2625:Multiprocessing
2591:
2553:
2519:Security hacker
2495:
2471:Digital library
2412:
2363:Mathematics of
2358:
2320:
2296:Automata theory
2291:Formal language
2265:
2231:Software design
2202:
2135:
2121:Virtual machine
2099:
2095:Network service
2056:
2047:Embedded system
2020:
1953:
1942:
1937:
1907:
1902:
1856:
1828:
1805:
1757:
1729:
1686:
1681:
1651:
1646:
1610:
1596:Medical physics
1547:
1506:Nuclear physics
1475:
1469:Non-equilibrium
1391:
1363:
1335:
1329:
1276:Wayback Machine
1259:Wayback Machine
1248:
1220:Springer Verlag
1193:Wayback Machine
1174:A.K. Hartmann,
1171:
1169:Further reading
1166:
1165:
1127:
1126:
1122:
1070:
1069:
1065:
1059:Wayback Machine
1044:Wayback Machine
1035:
1028:
1021:
1002:
1001:
997:
981:
980:
976:
969:
952:
951:
944:
939:
883:
831:plasma modeling
807:fluid mechanics
787:
722:social sciences
635:solid mechanics
620:
612:memory requests
578:power iteration
504:
466:
461:
460:
409:
393:
360:
325:
296:
295:
251:
243:
242:
223:
215:
214:
195:
185:
184:
135:
125:
124:
120:Morse potential
100:
90:
39:
32:digital physics
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2957:
2955:
2947:
2946:
2941:
2931:
2930:
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2807:
2802:
2797:
2792:
2787:
2781:
2779:
2775:
2774:
2772:
2771:
2769:Solid modeling
2766:
2761:
2756:
2751:
2746:
2741:
2736:
2730:
2728:
2722:
2721:
2719:
2718:
2713:
2708:
2703:
2698:
2692:
2690:
2684:
2683:
2681:
2680:
2675:
2670:
2668:Control method
2665:
2660:
2655:
2650:
2645:
2639:
2637:
2631:
2630:
2628:
2627:
2622:
2620:Multithreading
2617:
2612:
2607:
2601:
2599:
2593:
2592:
2590:
2589:
2584:
2579:
2574:
2569:
2563:
2561:
2555:
2554:
2552:
2551:
2546:
2541:
2536:
2531:
2526:
2521:
2516:
2514:Formal methods
2511:
2505:
2503:
2497:
2496:
2494:
2493:
2488:
2486:World Wide Web
2483:
2478:
2473:
2468:
2463:
2458:
2453:
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1771:Astrophysics
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1720:Neuroscience
1561:Astrophysics
1384:
1375:Experimental
1234:
1136:(1): 59–62.
1133:
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911:Mathematical
859:
821:(especially
795:astrophysics
788:
785:Applications
629:consists of
621:
593:
586:
583:
572:(using e.g.
558:(using e.g.
544:(using e.g.
534:(using e.g.
524:(using e.g.
514:(using e.g.
512:root finding
505:
433:root finding
425:Stark effect
417:wavefunction
410:
394:
369:
331:
330:
73:Multiphysics
44:
2860:Video games
2840:Digital art
2597:Concurrency
2466:Data mining
2378:Probability
2111:Interpreter
1888:Engineering
1878:Mathematics
1811:Linguistics
1464:Statistical
1380:Theoretical
1357:Engineering
1237:. Chicago:
1117:Article PDF
1052:Article PDF
701:spin models
697:percolation
562:method and
542:integration
455:(and their
266:von Neumann
200:Integration
2933:Categories
2918:Glossaries
2790:E-commerce
2383:Statistics
2326:Algorithms
2284:Stochastic
2116:Middleware
1972:Peripheral
1883:Statistics
1824:Lexicology
1786:Geophysics
1581:Geophysics
1571:Biophysics
1415:Analytical
1368:Approaches
937:References
871:k.p method
732:) and the
564:relaxation
413:complexity
250:Scientists
99:Potentials
88:Simulation
2739:Rendering
2734:Animation
2365:computing
2316:Semantics
2007:Processor
1893:Semiotics
1852:Economics
1847:Sociology
1819:Semantics
1791:Mechanics
1735:Chemistry
1710:Cognition
1531:Molecular
1432:Acoustics
1425:Continuum
1420:Celestial
1410:Newtonian
1397:Classical
1340:Divisions
1158:102493915
1112:124545445
1104:0020-7748
1050:, Italy.
877:methods.
875:ab-initio
801:(through
730:SIR Model
618:Divisions
381:algorithm
291:Richtmyer
63:Mechanics
2898:Category
2726:Graphics
2501:Security
2163:Compiler
2062:Networks
1959:Hardware
1842:Politics
1715:Genomics
1272:Archived
1255:Archived
1222:(2013).
1189:Archived
1055:Archived
1040:Archived
881:See also
600:software
372:theories
358:Overview
271:Galerkin
222:Particle
2908:Outline
1868:Finance
1763:Physics
1700:Anatomy
1692:Biology
1615:Related
1499:General
1494:Special
1352:Applied
1241:, 2010.
1138:Bibcode
1084:Bibcode
899:of the
598:of the
566:method)
492:chaotic
340:physics
256:Godunov
1526:Atomic
1481:Modern
1331:Major
1226:
1215:(2010)
1208:(1986)
1182:(2009)
1156:
1110:
1102:
1017:
965:
610:or in
596:tuning
281:Wilson
276:Lorenz
228:N-body
2311:Logic
2145:tools
1861:Other
1154:S2CID
1108:S2CID
829:(see
385:error
286:Alder
2143:and
2016:Form
2012:Size
1452:Wave
1347:Pure
1224:ISBN
1100:ISSN
1015:ISBN
963:ISBN
913:and
873:and
748:and
716:and
699:and
576:and
548:and
451:for
447:and
441:here
261:Ulam
1447:Ray
1146:doi
1092:doi
837:),
825:),
813:),
805:),
614:).
431:or
2935::
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