Comparison of American and Canadian football

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member of the kicking team touches the ball after the kick is made, without an intervening touch by the member of the receiving team, the receiving team may elect to scrimmage the ball from that spot of first touching, regardless of anything else (other than a penalty) that happens during the rest of the play. If the kicking team gains possession of the ball during the kick before it is touched by the receiving team, the ball is then dead. Often, the ball hits the ground and is surrounded by players from the kicking team, who allow it to roll as far as possible downfield – without going into the end zone – before grasping or holding the ball against the ground. (If a punt bounces into the receiving team's end zone, it is dead, and a touchback is awarded.) However, if the ball touches a member of the receiving team without his gaining possession (a "muff"), then the ball can be recovered by either team (but cannot be advanced by the kicking team). If the kicking team recovers the ball, they regain possession and are awarded a first down at the spot of the recovery.

1670:' penalty flags used in the CFL were orange in color, and challenge flags were yellow. Since then the CFL has adopted the NFL's flag colours. In American leagues, the referee wears a solid white cap, and the other officials wear black with white piping. Until 2018 in the CFL, the referee wore a black cap with white piping, and the other officials wore white caps with black piping; starting with the 2019 season, the referee now wears a white cap with black piping, and the other officials wear black ones with white piping, almost mirroring the American convention (and matching the standard for the lower levels of the game in Canada). Additionally, when announcing penalties, in American football, the penalized team is announced using generic terms ("offense"/"defense", for example), but in Canadian football (especially the CFL) the penalized team is announced by their respective city or province. 1731:

to forestall a return and the ball goes out of bounds between the two 15-yard lines without touching the ground first, a 10-yard penalty is assessed and the ball advanced from where it left play, or the kicking team is backed up 10 yards and must replay the down. "Shanked" punts are therefore extremely costly to the kicking team. Though missed field goals may be returned in both national rule sets, the deeper end zone and goal post positioning make this much more common in Canadian rules. TSN on-air analysts state that they are the single play-from-scrimmage most likely to result in a touchdown. This set of special teams play (field goal return units) are rare in the American game to the point where a returner is not a standard part of a defensive field goal unit and will only be seen in unusual circumstances, with one especially notable example being the famous "

246: 1735:" college football game in 2013. Canadian kickoffs rarely result in a touchback, so special teams are more prominent in that area of the game as well. The difference in the games' final minutes procedures make comebacks—and the need for an onside kick 'hands' team—more prominent as well. The rule regarding last touch of the ball before leaving the play of field, rather than American football's last possession rule, makes the onside kick more likely to be successful as well. The most complex coaching job in Canadian football is said to be that of special teams co-ordinator. As many as 40 of a CFL roster of players may have a special teams role because of the wide variety of possible situations. In 2014 and 2015, the Edmonton Eskimos even used their third-string quarterbacks (Pat White in 2014 and 1577:, overtime periods in the preseason and regular season are 10 minutes, as part of an overall effort by the NFL to speed up games and reduce their length. If the team that receives the opening kickoff scores a touchdown, or the defensive team scores a safety, the game ends at that point. If the receiving team scores a field goal, the game continues with the scoring team kicking off, and the scored-upon team having a chance at possession. If that team scores a touchdown, or loses possession, the game ends; if it scores a field goal, overtime continues, with the next score by either team ending the game. In the regular season, if a game remains tied after the 10-minute period, it is declared a tie. In postseason games, there are multiple 15-minute periods until a winner is decided. 1722:. However, the offensive team enjoys a counteracting advantage of end zones more than twice the size of those in American football (20 yards with a wider field), significantly expanding the area that must be covered by the defensive team and also allowing the freedom to run some pass patterns not available in American football's red zone. Moreover, the rule requiring only a single foot to be in bounds upon pass reception in Canadian football further stretches the amount of area that the offenses have to work with. NFL offenses generally try a run between tackles when on the one-yard line. CFL offenses make similar attempts on first down on the one-yard line, but second and third down attempts, if required, can be much more varied than their NFL counterparts. 373:

basic rule of the American game of the day; when the U.S. captain (Henry Grant) pointed this out to the captain of the Canadian team (David Roger), the reply was simple: Running with the ball is a core part of the Canadian game. When the American asked which game the Canadians played, David replied "rugby". After some negotiation, they decided to play a game with half and half Canadian/U.S. rules. Thus, many of the similarities and differences between the Canadian and American games indeed came out of this original series where each home team set the rules. For instance, Harvard, because of a lack of campus space, did not have a full-sized rugby pitch. Their pitch was only 100 yd (91 m) long by 50 yd (46 m) wide (slightly less than the

1247:). Most teams instead elect not to attempt a return and assume possession – at the previous line of scrimmage in the NCAA and at the spot of the kick in the NFL. Since the goalpost is out of bounds, any nonscoring kick that strikes the goalpost is dead, and the receiving team takes over possession from the spot of the kick or their own 20-yard line, whichever is further from the receiving team's goal. Likewise, any kickoff or punt that either is kicked through the end zone, is kicked into the end zone and rolls out of bounds without being touched by a player, is touched in the end zone by a member of the kicking team without any member of the receiving team having touched it, or is downed in the end zone by a member of the receiving team, results in a 1824:

game clock expires while the ball is dead in Canadian football, a final play must be run with "zeros on the clock" before the quarter ends, whereas in American football the expiration of time while the ball is dead immediately ends the quarter (including overtime periods in such cases where those periods are timed). In American football, it is common (or even, arguably, expected) for teams including coaching staffs and other such personnel to come on the field in order to shake hands, etc. before the game clock officially expires, especially in cases where the trailing team does not have possession of the ball, has no timeouts left and the result of the final play of the game left the clock running with less than forty seconds left.

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kicker was closer to the goalposts than an American kicker at any level. Amateur Canadian kickers remain closer to their goalposts than their American counterparts. Also prior to 2015, the NFL's line of scrimmage for extra points was the 2-yard line (for a 20-yard attempt). In the American game, a small hashmark is denoted on the field of the line of scrimmage of an extra point kick in the middle of the 3-yard line in high/school college football; in the NFL, this hashmark appeared in the middle of the 2-yard line; while as aforementioned, the line of scrimmage of the extra point kick was moved back in 2015, this hashmark still denotes the 2-point conversion's line of scrimmage. No such hashmark appears on the Canadian field.

431: 1251:. The placement of the ball after a touchback varies by rule set and game situation. Under high school rules, the receiving team is awarded possession on its own 20-yard line in all situations. In the NCAA and NFL, the ball is moved to the 20-yard line following a punt, and to the 25-yard line following a kickoff, or free kick after a safety. Under NCAA and NFL rules, a kickoff or free kick after a safety that ends in a fair catch by the receiving team inside its own 25-yard line is treated as a touchback, with the ball moved to the 25. If a player of the receiving team fields a kickoff or punt in the end zone, he has the option to down it in the end zone (resulting in a touchback) or to try to advance the ball. 1683:, with ties counting as a "half-win" for the purposes of calculating winning percentage. Prior to 1972, ties were ignored altogether for the purposes of calculating NFL winning percentages, which actually made them more valuable than a "half-win": teams with a winning record including ties had an advantage in terms of earning a better winning percentage for the purposes of playoff qualification and teams with a losing record including ties had an advantage in terms of earning better draft position. In all competitions in both countries, it is popular for team records to be expressed in a simple "W-L" format, or in a "W-L-T" format, only if there are ties in the team's record. 1621:, as well as at all levels of Canadian football, receivers need only have one foot in bounds (provided the player's other foot does not come down out of bounds until the catch is made) for a catch to count as a reception. NFL play requires receivers to get both feet on the ground and in bounds after making the catch for a reception to count. Up through the 2007 season, an NFL official could award a catch if it was judged that the receiver would have come down in bounds if he had not been pushed by a defender. This rule was based on a judgment call by the official, and was criticized for being inconsistent. The rule was dropped prior to the 2008 season by the NFL. 1228:(rouge), and the returning team scrimmages from its 35-yard line or, if the rouge is scored as a result of a missed field goal attempt, the receiving team may choose the last point of scrimmage. If a kicked ball in flight hits a post without scoring a field goal, there is no score, and the receiving team scrimmages from its 30-yard line. If the kick is returned out of the end zone, the receiving team next scrimmages from the place that was reached (or if they reach the opponents' goal line, they score a touchdown); in the amateur levels of the game, they are given the ball at their 20-yard line if the kick was not returned that far. 1639:

ball and may not line up in a position that allows them to do so, unless explicitly indicated to the referee during a tackle-eligible play. In Canadian football, the ineligible numbers span only 50 to 69. Also, in the CFL the numbers 0 and 00, historically banned at all levels in American football, have long been available for use, other than for the aforementioned ineligible players. (Effective in 2023, a team cannot have players wearing 0 and 00 in the same game.) In the early 2020s, the rules were relaxed in American football to allow the number 0 in college and professional football, although 00 remains prohibited.

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inbounds tackle, or at the snap of the ball for the other outcomes in the CFL. A team that is ahead has one fewer opportunity to kill clock time in the Canadian game with three downs, and can only take the play clock time (20 seconds) and the length of the play itself off the clock with each down. On the other hand, Canadian teams only receive one timeout per half, as opposed to three in American football. After the three-minute warning, a penalty of a loss of down (on first and second down, 10 yards on third down) results for failing to start the new play in time (time count violation).

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must be behind the ball when it is kicked, this effectively makes all 12 players "onside" and eligible to recover the kick, once it has gone 10 yards downfield. On a punt or missed field goal, usually only the kicker is onside, as no one is behind the kicker. All of the players offside at the time of the kick may neither touch the ball nor be within 5 yards of the member of the receiving team who fields the kick; violation of this rule is a penalty for "no yards". The penalty for no yards is 15 yards if the kick is in flight and 5 yards if it has been grounded.

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game" is a different violation in Canada) is loss of down on first or second down, and 10 yards with the down repeated on third down. Also, if the referee deems a time count violation on third down after the three-minute warning to be deliberate, he has the right to require the offensive team to legally put the ball into play within the 20-second count, with a violation resulting in loss of possession. (Note that the enforcement of time count during convert attempts does not change at the warning; it is 5 yards with the down repeated throughout the game.)

1211:, the NFL changed its rule regarding advancing a fumbled ball on offense. If the offensive team fumbles in the last two minutes of either half, or on fourth down at any time, only the player who fumbled is allowed to advance the ball past the point of the fumble. If any other offensive player advances the ball toward the opponent's goal line, the ball is moved back to the spot of the fumble. If the fumble occurred on fourth down, the defensive team gains possession on downs unless the original fumble occurred after the line to gain had been reached. 781: 394:. To generate more offense, Harvard also increased the number of downs from three, as set by McGill, to four. Furthermore, the Harvard players so enjoyed running with the ball, this rule was wholly adopted into all Harvard play following the two games with McGill. While the American team bested the Canadian (3–0 and a following tie game), both countries' flavours of football were forever changed and linked to one another. Both the Canadian and American games still have some things in common with the two varieties of rugby, especially 1203:

player who is onside at the time of said kick. The ball may not, however, be intentionally kicked out of bounds to gain possession, this is then treated as a scrimmage kick out of bounds and possession goes to the opposing team. Incidental contact with the foot does not count as kicking the ball out of bounds. In American play, when a ball is fumbled out of bounds, the last team to have clear possession of the football is awarded possession, unless the ball goes out of the back or side of the end zone.

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though the CFL has an unequal number of teams per division there is no possibility of the fifth place team in the West Division qualifying, even if it finishes outright fifth or sixth overall. By contrast, an NFL team finishing second in its division receives no special advantage should it finish tied with a third place team in another division for the final wild card berth. Beyond that, the tie-breaking criteria are radically different (although they both culminate in an as-yet-unused

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receivers) may also be in motion along the line. Many teams encourage this unlimited motion, as it can confuse the defence. It also provides receivers the advantage of a running start, as they can time their runs so that they cross the line of scrimmage at speed when the ball is snapped, allowing them to get downfield faster than receivers in American football, allowing for comparatively longer throws in the same amount of time after the snap or quicker throws for a given distance.

1065:. In both codes, the respective warning amounts to an extra time-out, witn the clock being stopped either at the requisite time when running between plays or immediately upon conclusion of a play when the clock reaches or passes this point. Also, at all levels of Canadian football, the clock is stopped after every play during the last three minutes of each half. Once the referee has set the ball, the clock restarts if the last play ended with a runner tackled in the field of play. 1718:

CFL, the goalposts have the same construction as the NFL posts, with the centre post being about 2 yards deep in the end zone. It is extremely rare for CFL passes to hit any part of the posts. When this occurs, a dead ball results. Occasionally, receivers can use the post to good effect in a 'rub' play to shed a defender. End zone passing becomes even more complicated when the corners of the end zone are truncated, as is the case at stadia where the field is bounded by a

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another spot between the hash marks (especially for strategic positioning on a two-point conversion attempt) or at another spot further back from the 2-, 3-, or 15-yard line (not uncommon at lower levels of football, since as the season progresses, conditions may worsen toward the center of the field, especially at the spot from which the PAT is usually kicked; the kicker may thus request a spot where the footing is surer).

970:, in which a player known as the "centre" or "center" performs a "snap" to start a football play. In Canadian football, the snap is required to go between the centre's legs; no such move is required in American football, but it is invariably done this way anyway, so the center is in position to block following the snap. The defensive team must stay a set distance away from the line of scrimmage on their side of the line. 1800:

and the wide receivers) must be at the line of scrimmage at the time of the snap, and the other five must be at least one yard behind the line. Only the quarterback and linemen must be motionless at the time of the snap, allowing up to six players to be moving toward or along the line at varying speeds (typically the wide receivers are still or at a walking pace at the snap to ensure they are at the line of scrimmage.)

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the starting time differs depending on the result of the previous play: After a tackle in bounds, the clock restarts when the referee whistles the ball in; after an incomplete pass or a tackle out of bounds, the clock restarts when the ball is snapped. In the NCAA, the clock stops after a first down within the last two minutes of each half to move and set the down markers, after which the clock restarts.

773: 3138: 1414: 1142: 124: 582:, uses an 18-yard-long (16.5 m) end zone. Including the end zones, the American field is about 34% smaller than the Canadian field (87,750 sq ft or 8,152 m for the Canadian field vs 57,600 sq ft or 5,350 m for the American field), but the Canadian field occasionally has its end zone truncated at the corners so that the field fits in the infield of a 36: 1762:

unlikely to produce a full ten-yard gain, and if correctly anticipated by the defense, much gain at all. The fewer downs means that an unsuccessful rushing play leaves an offense to have a single play to make comparatively longer first down yardage, so rushing plays are less favored unless the team on offense is actively managing the clock while maintaining the lead.

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play to run with "zeros on the clock" under such circumstances. If a team that is trailing in the CFL can begin to produce two-and-outs on defense and efficient scoring drives on offense, 14 and even 17 points can be successfully scored in the final three minutes. This comeback proclivity is so pronounced that the CFL uses it for marketing purposes: No Lead Is Safe.

502: 1322:" from their own 20-yard line. In Canadian football, the team being awarded the two points has the option of scrimmaging from their own 35-yard line, kicking the ball off from their own 35-yard line, or having the opposing team kick off the ball from their own 35-yard line. In 2009, the CFL changed the last option to be a kick-off from their own 25-yard line. 77: 415:

in removing restrictions on blocking, but caught up by the 1970s so that no significant differences remain today. Similarly, differences in scoring (the Canadian game valuing touchdowns less) opened up from the late 19th century, but were erased by the 1950s. An area in which American football has been more conservative is the retention of the fair catch (

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ball out of bounds (especially quarterbacks) is generally viewed as unsportsmanlike and is often penalized, and in the most blatant of cases (especially if it happens in the dying seconds of a game), the player may be subject to off-field disciplinary action by their respective league governing body, usually in the form of fines or suspensions.

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his 23-year career and actually sits third overall in career rushing yards. Contrast that with Randall Cunningham's 4928 yards over 16 seasons. 1000-yard rushing seasons for CFL quarterbacks have occurred, and 400-yard seasons for playoff-bound teams' starting quarterbacks, if they remain healthy for the entire schedule, are not unusual.

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clock without gaining a first down is possible (the two-minute warning, since it stops the clock, effectively makes it impossible to run off any additional time without gaining a first down). In Canadian football, just over 40 seconds can be run off, and thus its three minute warning is of comparatively much less importance.

1013:) from the spot the ball is received – and if the kick goes through the opposite goal posts, a field goal is scored. Fair catch kicks are rarely attempted in the NFL and are usually unsuccessful (the last successful fair catch kick was in 1976). The fair catch kick is not allowed in college football. 464:

Canadian citizen at any time before signing with the league for the first time could qualify as a nonimport player. For individuals who played both American and Canadian football professionally, their career statistic totals are considered to be their combined totals from their careers in both the CFL and NFL.

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Perhaps the greatest difference arises due to the virtually unlimited movement allowed in the defensive and offensive backfields on a play from scrimmage in the Canadian game vs. very restricted offensive movement in the American game. Combined with the much larger field size, this difference changes

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Having three downs on a much longer and wider field with unlimited backfield motion results in Canadian teams requiring faster, more nimble athletes (comparatively) than their American counterparts. Paradoxically, this makes Canadian defense better at defending rushing plays. Rushing plays tend to be

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Player numbering schemes are similar in both Canadian and American football are similar, with Canadian rules being slightly less strict. In American football, players who wear numbers from 50 to 79 are, by rule, prohibited from catching or touching forward passes if their team is in possession of the

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At professional levels in both games, unless it is a clearly willful kneel or slide by a ball carrier to go down, a player must be touched while on the ground, otherwise, the player may stand up and continue to advance the ball. Hitting a player who is kneeling, sliding, or clearly intends to run the

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Conversely, the defence, facing a last-second field goal attempt in a tie game or game they lead by one point, often positions its punter and place-kicker in the end zone. If the field goal is missed, they can punt the ball back into the field of play and not concede a single. Multiple such kicks may

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In Canadian play, if the ball is fumbled out of bounds, the play ends with possession going to the team to last contact the ball in bounds (after the ball has completely left the possession of the fumbling ball carrier). A loose ball may be kicked forward (dribbled) provided it is then recovered by a

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In both codes, a scrimmage kick that is blocked and recovered by the kicking team behind the line of scrimmage is in play. The kicking team may then choose to either attempt another kick or try to advance the ball, but no turnover has taken place on the play (unless a member of the receiving team has

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The American rules are similar for the recovery of kickoffs. Any member of the kicking team may recover the ball once it has touched an opponent or once it has gone 10 yards downfield and touched the ground. The ball is dead when recovered, though the kicking team is awarded possession at the spot of

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Canadian football retains much more liberal rules regarding recovery of the ball by members of the kicking team. On any kick, the kicker and any member of the kicker's team behind the kicker at the time of the kick may recover and advance the ball. On a kickoff, since every member of the kicking team

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American teams use 11 players, while Canadian teams have 12 players on the field per side. Both games have the same number of offensive players required at the line of scrimmage, so the 12th player in the Canadian game plays a backfield position on offence, whereas this is usually a defensive back on

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In some regions along the Canada-U.S. border, especially western areas, some high schools from opposite sides of the border regularly play games against one another (typically one or two per team per season). By agreement between the governing bodies involved, the field of the home team is considered

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below) or restricted backfield motion, while the American college football (from whose code all American codes derive) did. Canadian football was later in adopting the hand snap and the forward pass, although one would not suspect the latter from play today. Additionally, Canadian football was slower

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When the Canadians arrived several days early, to take advantage of the trip to see Boston and the surrounding areas, they held daily practices. During this time, the Americans were surprised to see the Canadians kick, chase, and then run with the ball. Picking up and running with the ball violated a

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in the 200 meter) and Malcolm Frank (5 ft 8 in 170 lb ) being prototypical for the CFL. The offence has many more formation options and starting positions, forcing the defence to anticipate more possibilities. Seven of the 12 men on a CFL offense (typically the five linemen

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in 2015) as part of their kick and kick-coverage teams. This is highly unusual, as quarterbacks are generally discouraged from making contact plays. Kick returning was a duty generally handled by a player with another role, such as receiver or defensive back. Henry "The Gizmo" Williams was the first

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The frequency of punts is highly dependent upon the success, or lack thereof, of the offense. Punt returns are ubiquitous in Canadian football because the "no-yards" rule permits virtually every punt to be fielded and returned. Moreover, if the kicking team punts the ball out of bounds in an attempt

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The CFL regular season comprises 18 games since 1986, with the exception of 2021, in which a 14-game schedule was used, while the NFL regular season has consisted of 17 games since 2021. There are several radical differences concerning how the leagues calculate regular season records and how ties in

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The traditional NFL football season runs from the second week of September until late December or the start of January, with the NFL playoffs occurring in January and February. In contrast, the CFL regular season runs from June to late October. This is in order to ensure the Grey Cup playoffs can be

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is scored, the scoring team may then attempt one play for additional points. In Canadian football, this play is called a "convert", and in American football, it is formally called a try or attempt, although it is more commonly referred to as either a conversion, extra point, or point after touchdown

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Canadian football retains the open-field kick as a legal play, allowing a kick to be taken from anywhere on the field. The open-field kick may be used as a desperation last play by the offense; realizing they are unable to go the length of the field, they advance part of the way and punt the ball in

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Many CFL players are Americans who grew up playing American football and cannot find a place in the NFL, or who prefer to play in the CFL; strict import quotas restrict the number of non-Canadian players. Furthermore, the classifications of import (non-Canadian) and non-import (Canadian) were highly

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the clock remains running while the officials set the ball (dependent upon the result of the previous play—penalty, incomplete pass, out-of-bounds, or tackle inbounds in both leagues) while the play clock of 40 seconds runs down. The game clock only begins again when the play is whistled in, for an

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is an unofficial term designating the portion of the field between the 20-yard line and the goal line. Due to the goalposts' being on the goal line in Canadian football, teams must avoid hitting the goalposts. Thus most touchdown throws are aimed away from the centre portion of the end zone. In the

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should all criteria be exhausted). For example, the CFL's first tie-breaker is number of wins, whereas number of wins is not an NFL tie-breaking criterion in itself, meaning an NFL team with no ties would have neither an advantage nor a disadvantage over another team with one less win and two ties,

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berths per conference (previously only two wild card berths before the 2020 season). The CFL allows the possibility of a fourth place team in one division to "cross over" in place of the third place team of the other division, but only if it has a better record than the third place team. Also, even

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In Canadian amateur football, the ball is not dead if a player kneels momentarily to, and does, recover a rolling snap, onside/lateral pass, or opponent's kick, while in American amateur football, such a situation produces a dead ball, unless the player is the holder for a place kick. The holder is

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According to the rules of both the NFL and NCAA, on conversion attempts, the ball is automatically spotted in the middle of the field at the appropriate scrimmage line unless a member of the kicking team expressly asks a referee for an alternative placement. Per the rules, the ball can be placed at

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Additionally, members of the kicking team must allow the receiving team the opportunity to catch a scrimmage kick in flight. No distance is required; the NCAA revoked its rule of a 2-yard halo. Once the scrimmage kick has touched the ground, the kicking team is free to recover, subject to the first

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These timing differences, combined with the fewer downs available for the Canadian offence to earn a first down, lead to spectacularly different end games if the team leading the game has the ball. In American football, if the other team is out of timeouts, running 120 seconds (two minutes) off the

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to run out, which is 5 yards with no loss of down before the minutes warning in both codes, dramatically diverges after that point. In American football, the penalty for "delay of game" remains 5 yards with the down repeated. In Canadian football, the penalty for a "time count" violation ("delay of

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In American football, the offensive team must run a play within 25 seconds of the referee whistling the play in – except in the NCAA (college) and the NFL where teams have 40 seconds from the end of the previous play, or 25 seconds following a penalty or timeout. In Canadian football (at all levels

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by waving his hand in the air, and forgo the attempt to advance. If he makes this signal, the opposing team must allow him to attempt to catch the ball cleanly; if he is interfered with, the team covering the kick will be penalized 15 yards. In contrast, Canadian football has no such rule; instead,

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In Canadian football, the distance between the line of scrimmage and the defensive team, formally called the "scrimmage zone", is one full yard. In American football, the set distance between the offensive and defensive teams, known in that code as the "neutral zone", is 11 inches – the length

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One other notable difference is the propensity of CFL quarterbacks to rush the ball, both by design and as a result of reacting to the defense. Damon Allen (the younger brother of Pro Football Hall of Fame running back Marcus Allen) had 11,920 rushing yards to go along with 72,381 passing yards in

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team that rushes for 100 yards or more per game is likely to win, but the reality is winning teams rush the ball in defense of their leads, and not as a tactic to produce drives that lead to points unless they are markedly superior to their opponents. The larger field generally permits greater YAC

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Because the goalposts are on the goal line in Canada and the end line in the United States, a CFL kicker is at the same distance from the goalposts as an NFL kicker. Before the 2015 CFL season, that league used the 5-yard line for all attempts (for a 12-yard attempt), which meant that the Canadian

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that play). American football typically only has a play start with no time on the clock when a defensive penalty occurs during the last play of the period and the penalty is not declined (or, in the NFL, in the very rare circumstance when a team takes a fair catch as time expires and elects a free

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In American football, a period generally ends when time expires (though any play which is in progress when the clock reaches 0:00 is allowed to finish); in Canadian football, the period must end with a final play. Consequently, a play will be run in Canadian football with no time (0:00) showing on

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In American football, the clock continues to run after any tackle in bounds, but stops after an incomplete pass or a tackle out of bounds. If the clock stops, it is restarted at the snap of the ball or when the ball is ready to be played. In Canadian football, the clock stops after every play, but

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The original reason for adopting striped balls was to make them easier to see at night in an era when stadium lighting standards were far less rigorous compared to today. Because the CFL and it antecedent competitions historically played twice a week on a regular basis, they played on weekdays far

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Historically the CFL ball was slightly larger, both because of slightly bigger specifications, but also because CFL manufacturers tended to make balls at the larger end of the allowed tolerances as opposed to NFL manufacturers, which built balls to the smaller end. However, the CFL has updated its

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For place kicks (field goal and convert attempts) the kicking tee platform or block can be no higher than one inch in height as per Rule 5, Section 1, Article 3 of the CFL Rulebook. For kickoffs, the ball may be held or placed on a tee such that the lowest part of the ball is no higher than three

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The main caveats are that in all gridiron codes, a half cannot end on any penalty accepted by the non-penalized team even if there is no time remaining on the clock, and a team may always elect to attempt a conversion after a touchdown even if time is expired, so it is always possible for a final

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Additionally, if a Canadian team commits a time count violation on third down, the referee has the right to require that it legally start a new play before the play clock expires, and can award possession to the defending team if another time count is committed. Moreover, in any quarter, when the

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In theory, an NFL team taking possession on their own one-yard line, using three downs for each first-down conversion and the full 40 second clock could run 27 plays and consume 18 minutes of clock time covering the 99 yards. A CFL team doing something similar (two plays per conversion, 20 second

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Canadian teams have only three downs to advance the ball ten yards compared to four downs in the American game. With one fewer down, Canadian teams must try for the big gain. For this reason, Canadian teams usually prefer passing over rushing to a greater extent than American, since pass attempts

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A small plastic tee, which can be 1 to 2 inches (25–51 mm) high (smaller than the kickoff tee), may be used for field goals and extra points in some leagues, including U.S. high schools and Canadian amateur play. The NFL (and most other professional leagues) has never allowed the use of

1790:

Canadian wide receivers, safeties and cornerbacks are far enough from the point where the ball is snapped that they rarely participate in rush offense or defense. Linebackers can be called upon to successfully defend running backs sent to receive passes. There is therefore a much greater premium

1678:

The CFL awards two points for a win, one point for a tie and zero points for a loss (from 2000 to 2002 inclusive, the CFL also awarded one point for an overtime loss). The CFL ranking system is in keeping with the traditional system in most other football codes of British origin, and is also the

1254:

Following a successful field goal, in Canadian rules, the team scored upon has the option of receiving a kickoff, kicking off from its 35-yard line, or scrimmaging at its own 35-yard line (the CFL first instituted this rule in 1975, but eliminated this last option for the 2009 season, but it was

1115:

The American rules differ from the Canadian ones for scrimmage kicks. In American rules, to recover a scrimmage kick (punt or missed field goal) and retain possession, the ball must be touched beyond the line of scrimmage by a member of the receiving team (defense). If the ball is touched by the

1090:

kick). Additionally, any period in Canadian football cannot end on any accepted penalty (this is not the case in American football), so any such penalty that occurs with 0:00 left in Canada extends the period by at least one more play (these differences do not apply if the penalty in question is

1033:

In Canadian football, all offensive backfield players, except the quarterback, may be in motion at the snap; players in motion may move in any direction as long as they are behind the line of scrimmage at the snap. In addition, the two players on the ends of the line of scrimmage (generally wide

1001:

Furthermore, in American football, the receiving team may elect not to play the ball if the prospects for a return are not good and the returner is not certain he can successfully catch the ball on the fly; American players are generally taught not to attempt to touch a bouncing football. If any

826:

The sizes of individual American and Canadian footballs can vary within specified size limitations. Despite the CFL and NFL having different specifications until 2018, they overlapped to a sufficient degree that from at least 1985 forward, the same ball could fall within the requirements of both

602:

is 24 yards (21.9 m); in 2022, the CFL narrowed the hash mark spacing to 9 yards (8.2 m). In American amateur rules, at the high school level, the distance is 17 yards 2 feet 4 inches (16.3 m), sectioning the field into three almost equal columns. The hash marks are

1238:

American football also allows a defending team to advance a missed field goal; however, because of the absence of singles and the goalpost position at the back of the end zone, the return is rarely exercised, except on a blocked kick, or as time expires in the half or in the game (with the most

932:

Another difference between NFL and CFL balls is that Canadian balls have two 1-inch (25 mm) complete white stripes around the football 3 in (76 mm) from the largest diameter of the ball and NFL balls have no stripes at all. The CFL retained its striping scheme when it adopted NFL

2084:

During the NFL's first season in 1920, the goal posts still were located on the goal line and remained the same size and shape. However, this changed in 1927 when the NCAA moved them back to the end line (in those days, the NFL aligned with the college rule book, so the league quickly followed

463:

citizen and become a nonimport, nor can he arrive in Canada during high school or college; both scenarios would still have the player in question classified as an import and counted against the team's maximum); these restrictions were loosened beginning in 2014 so that anyone who had become a

2794:

The NFL allows the use of tees as high as 3 inches for kickoffs, but has never allowed them for field goals and PATs. The pro league, which began to declare its independence from the college game with a number of rules changes beginning in the mid-1930s, also has refused to widen the goal

646:

are particularly good fits), most American stadia would lose between 15 and 18 rows of seating in each end zone because the field is 15 yards (13.7 m) longer on each end. In many smaller venues, this would be the entire end zone section, losing seating for at least 3,000 spectators.

1029:

In American football, after all players are set, only one offensive player is allowed to be in motion, and he cannot be moving toward the line of scrimmage while the ball is snapped. The motion player must start from behind the line of scrimmage; players on the line cannot be in motion.

1255:

reinstated for 2010). . In American football, a kickoff is performed by the scoring team after every score, with the exception of safeties. The option for the scored-upon team to kick off after a touchdown exists in American amateur football, but it is very rarely exercised.

1740:

player designated by telecasts as "KR" for a kicker returner position as his duties were almost entirely for that role, and referring to him as "WR" for wide receiver was increasingly seen as anachronistic. By far the greatest kick returner in professional football history,

957:

to advance the ball 10 yards, while in Canadian football the limit is three downs. On the surface, this creates a considerable handicap for a Canadian football offence. However, most other rule differences as described below strongly favor the defense in the American game.

603:

closer together at the American college level, where they are 20 yards (18.3 m) from the sideline, and in the NFL, where they are 23 yd 1 ft 9 in (21.6 m) from the sideline and the distance between them is the same as that between the goalposts.

1629:

Until 2010, when a forward pass was deemed to be "uncatchable", defensive interference with the intended receiver was penalized in Canadian football. This rule was dropped for 2010, bringing it in line with long-standing practice in American college and professional

1634:

CFL roster sizes are 46 players (rather than 53 as in the NFL, though only 45 will dress for a game). A CFL team may dress up to 44 players, composed of 21 "nationals" (essentially, Canadians), 20 "internationals" (almost exclusively Americans), and 3 quarterbacks.

1367:, and starting with the 2015 season the NFL itself. As such, this allows the defensive team to gain two points on an interception or fumble return should they reach the kicking team's end zone, or (in the CFL) one point should the defensive team make an open-field 998:

no player from the kicking team, except the kicker or any player who was behind him when he kicked the ball, may approach within five yards of the ball until it has been touched by an opponent. If they do, a "no yards" penalty is called against the kicking team.

1625:

In Canadian football, defensive pass interference may be called on any legal forward pass, even when the receiver is behind the line of scrimmage. Pass interference rules in all levels of American football do not apply until the thrown ball crosses the neutral

924:

Despite the fact that before 2018, the CFL rules allowed for a smaller legal ball and the NFL rules allowed for a larger legal ball, a common misconception existed among media, fans, and even players that the then-current CFL ball was bigger. Some professional

597:

The goalposts for kicking are placed at the goal line in Canadian football, but at the end line in the American game professionally since 1974 (the college game has had them at the end line since 1927). In Canadian rules, the distance between the sideline and

409:

Many, if perhaps not most, of the rules differences have arisen because of rules changes in American football in the early 20th century, which have not been copied by Canadian football. The major Canadian codes never abolished the onside scrimmage kick (see

937:

more frequently, these games typically being played in the evening. In contrast, the NFL played the vast majority of its games during the day in this era. Nevertheless, the NFL also intermittently used striped balls until the 1970's, including for one

1116:

receiving team and then recovered by the kicking team, the kicking team retains possession and is awarded a first down. If the receiving team has not touched the ball before the kicking team touches it, it is "first touching" as described above in

1295:

American football only allows free kicks and scrimmage kicks made from behind the line of scrimmage; any kick beyond the line of scrimmage or after change of possession would result in a penalty. (Some levels of American football allow the rare

974:

of the ball, creating the illusion of the teams being "nose-to-nose" against each other. Because of the greater distance in Canadian football, its teams are more likely to gamble at a greater distance on "third and one" or "third and inches."

1375:

tees for extra-point kick attempts, having always required kickers to kick off the ground for such attempts (and for field goals; a rare exception for a U.S.-based pro league to allow the usage of such tees for such attempts was the original

820:. The American football is for use in college or high school games, as it has white stripes that only halfway encircle the ball. Balls used in the NFL do not have stripes. Balls used in Canada have stripes that completely encircle the balls. 984:

players used to form a line that cannot be easily penetrated by the defense are valued in American football, the extra distance from the defensive team means Canadian football finds value in more nimble players on the offensive line.

1547:

If the score remains tied at the end of an overtime procedure, another procedure follows (except as noted below), with the team that had the second possession in the previous procedure having the first possession of the next

1758:

generally tend to gain more yards than rushing. This makes the action in Canadian football more open than is the case in the American game. Offensive drives (continuous possession of the ball) tend to be shorter.

1744:

had more returns for touchdowns called back for infractions than any other player has ever scored (28: 26 punts, 2 kick-offs). No NFL player has enjoyed similar success and the careers of such specialists (like

1770:(yards after catch) on each individual catch, where the NFL produces passing plays that either result in immediate tackles for relatively few YAC, or huge gains resulting from missed tackles or broken coverage. 548:

The official playing field in Canadian football is larger than the American, and similar to American fields before 1912. The Canadian field of play is 110 by 65 yards (100.6 by 59.4 m), compared to 100 by

4136: 1503:

U.S. high school (also British Columbia, where high schools play under American rules): Standard rules call for the opponent's 10-yard line, but state/provincial associations are free to use different yardage

1223:

or if the goalposts are hit while the ball is in flight. If the player receiving the kick fails to return it out of the end zone, or if the ball was kicked through the end zone, then the kicking team scores a

1206:

A team may still lose possession after a fumble out of bounds if the fumble occurred on fourth down (third down in Canadian play) and the ball becomes dead short of the line to gain. Because of plays like the

1016:

In Canadian football, if the receiving team does not play the ball, the kicker, and any teammates behind the kicker at the time of the kick, can retrieve and advance the ball. This is further explained in the

1536:

U.S. college, CFL, AAF, Texas high school: Can advance the ball upon gaining possession; if it scores a touchdown, it will satisfy the condition of each team having a chance to score and thus end the game.

1597:

The first defensive penalty against a team during a round resulted in the ball being moved to the 1-yard line. A second defensive penalty in that round resulted in a score being awarded to the offensive

1085:

the game clock, provided there was still time remaining when the previous play ended (i.e. as in American football the period will end upon the conclusion of any play, barring a penalty, if time expires

1554:

U.S. college and high school: No limit; procedures continue until a winner is decided (some states limit the number of procedures or outlaw it altogether for games below the high school varsity level).

1435: 1163: 141: 49: 1519:

At all levels, possessions end when the offensive team scores, misses a field goal, or turns the ball over. Touchdowns are followed by a conversion attempt, with the following additional caveats:

1335:(PAT). The additional points may be earned through a kick or a play from scrimmage. If done via kick, the scoring team gains one point, and if done from a scrimmage, the scoring team gains two. 4223: 4177: 1498:

Each procedure after the second consists of a single scrimmage play from the opponent's 3-yard line, with kicks banned. Successful plays in this situation are scored as two-point conversions.

933:

measurement specifications in 2018. College football and high school football both specify the use of stripes, but only on two of the football's four panels (the ones adjacent to the laces).

1522:

U.S. college: Teams must attempt a two-point conversion starting with double overtime. From triple overtime & thereafter, all plays are two-point conversion attempts, and scored as such.

721:

fairly easily adapted to both the Canadian and American games, as it was built with a running track in which the Canadian field fits with only some cuts to the corners. Hornet Stadium hosts

469: 977:

If a Canadian football team's offense is deemed to be within one yard of either goal line, the line of scrimmage is moved to the one-yard line. No such rule exists in American football.

1584:, currently on hiatus, was significantly different from that of other leagues, being most similar to that used in US college football after that rule set's fourth overtime procedure: 4092: 1318:(or safety touch) awards two points to the defending team if the offensive team is brought down in their end zone. In American football, the team giving up the safety must take a " 702: 3192: 245: 1557:

CFL: In regular season games, maximum of two procedures, with the game declared a tie if it remains level. In postseason games, procedures continue until a winner is decided.

1128:

control of the ball), and therefore, the kicking team either has to advance the ball to the first-down marker, or loses the down, which often results in a turnover on downs.

1604:

All five rounds were played unless one team attained an insurmountable lead. If the game was still tied after five rounds, extra rounds were played until the tie was broken.

1338:

However, the position of the ball for attempts is different in the two games. Point-after-touchdown attempts are snapped from the following points (as of the 2015 season):.

4279: 4154: 2067: 1528:

U.S. and BC high school: Standard rules call for no restrictions on the type of conversion attempt, but some state/provincial associations may limit the use of kick tries.

480:

in 2011, both of whose careers were exclusively in the CFL, then Calvillo was surpassed by Drew Brees and Tom Brady, both of whom played their entire careers in the NFL.

1505: 570:

are 20 yards (18.3 m) deep while the American end zones are 10 yards (9.1 m) deep. Canadian end zones were previously 25 yards (22.9 m), with Vancouver's

55: 2280: 4251: 4246: 4200: 4126: 1895: 1815:, the clock is stopped while the officials place the ball, and then they whistle the game clock and play clock to begin in the last minutes of a half; whereas in the 1774:

clock, average 10 seconds of clock time while the officials reset the ball between plays, 109 yards) would run 24 plays and consume 12 minutes of clock at the most.

4284: 4274: 4205: 4131: 1900: 1478: 455:

a legal field, although it is a different size from one school's normal field. In all but a few cases, the rules of the home team are followed throughout the game.

2438: 1643:

completed in mid-November, before the harsh Canadian winters set in. This is an important consideration for a sport played in outdoor venues in locations such as

1371:

through the kicking team's goalposts. Conversely, in other levels of American football and amateur Canadian football, defensive teams cannot score during a try.

606:

Because of the larger field, many American football venues are generally unfit for the Canadian game. While several American stadia could accommodate the extra

4289: 4228: 4159: 3402: 2653: 1686:

The CFL nominally awards three playoff berths per division while the NFL awards a playoff berth to each of its division winners (four per conference) and three

1396:

allowed to catch the snap or recover a rolling snap while on a knee to hold the kick and may also rise to catch a high snap and immediately return to a knee.

1288:, the Argonauts punted from the end zone to about the 20-yard line. The ball was caught and immediately punted back to the end zone by Montreal to attempt a 3025: 447: 188: 2832: 4294: 4256: 4085: 2483: 2266: 2049: 160: 2143: 1477:

Most leagues other than the NFL, including the CFL, use a procedure frequently called the "Kansas Playoff", so named because it was first developed for

430: 3987: 1601:

Pre-snap offensive penalties were enforced according to regular rules. Post-snap offensive penalties ended that side's offensive round, with no score.

749:

Because of this, position designations of the various offensive and defensive lines vary. For example, most formations in Canadian football have no

682:, respectively, played the Canadian game on modified American-sized fields because of the inability of the stadia to adapt to the larger field). The 98: 85: 3185: 167: 2313: 4002: 2985: 2234: 993:

In American football, if a punt returner sees that, in his judgment, he will be unable to advance the ball after catching it, he may signal for a

2599: 1705:

Although the rules of Canadian and American football have similarities, the differences have a great effect on how teams play and are managed.

1384: 1380: 2533: 2351: 174: 4325: 4320: 4315: 4078: 2666: 366: 1268:

so as to score a field goal. Like a punt or missed field goal, the team receiving the kick is allowed a 5-yard buffer to recover the kick.

2906: 3143: 1560:

AAF: Same as CFL, except that only one procedure was allowed in regular-season games. The league folded without holding any playoff games.

1387:, requiring kicks from the ground, as in the NFL. The CFL allows the use of a tee for field goals and convert kicks, but it is optional. 459:

restrictive and required a player to have been in Canada since childhood to qualify as a nonimport (i.e. a player cannot simply become a

156: 3236: 3221: 3178: 3039: 766: 3951: 3231: 2999: 2125:"Professional (NFL) Football Field Dimension Diagram - Court & Field Dimension Diagrams in 3D, History, Rules – SportsKnowHow.com" 1808:

In both the college and pro games, an offensive team with the lead has more difficulty in running out the clock in the Canadian game.

1488:

Each team in turn receives one possession starting with first-and-10 at a fixed point on the field, which varies according to league:

1485:

A coin toss at the start of overtime determines the team that first receives possession in overtime, and which end zone will be used.

3495: 2153: 1492: 1461: 1189: 722: 718: 225: 207: 63: 1525:

CFL and AAF: A convert kick is not allowed in overtime—all conversion attempts must be scrimmage plays (i.e., two-point attempts).

784:

These are the player positions for both offensive and defensive. Note that eleven players per side are used, as opposed to twelve.

3982: 3555: 3490: 2569: 1544:

Each team receives one charged timeout per overtime procedure except in the CFL and AAF, which allow(ed) no timeouts in overtime.

1315: 587: 1919: 831:

specifications twice—first in 1985, and most recently in 2018. The latter change saw the league adopt the NFL's specifications.

3322: 1208: 423:

in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, whereas the modern Canadian game was devised by John Thrift Meldrum Burnside, whose

2883: 2019: 1363:

During conversions, the ball is considered live in the CFL, American collegiate football, Texas high schools, the now-defunct

1292:, and finally the Argos punted, but failed to kick it out of the end zone, where the Alouettes recovered it for a touchdown. 3800: 3540: 3392: 3317: 2287: 2124: 1439: 1167: 145: 2749: 4049: 3997: 3830: 3825: 3485: 3442: 3270: 2335: 1884: 1863: 1376: 675: 181: 3104: 3972: 3930: 3926: 3922: 3650: 3480: 3397: 3226: 1714: 1667: 1659: 762: 758: 663: 326: 1508:, for instance, starts at the 25). The short-lived Alliance of American Football also used the opponent's 10-yard line. 1383:, the NCAA authorized the use of the small rubberized kicking tee for extra points and field goals, but banned them by 4029: 3941: 3633: 710: 1424: 1152: 654:

in the early 1990s, Canadian football was either played on fields designed to accommodate both American football and

17: 3155: 4039: 3341: 3307: 2718: 1879: 390:

Because of the reduced field, the Harvard team opted for 11 players per side, four fewer than the regulation 15 of

3165: 1443: 1428: 1171: 1156: 780: 134: 90: 4169: 3805: 3795: 3739: 3302: 2468: 1719: 1264:

an attempt to recover an onside kick for a touchdown, or into or through the end zone for a single, or attempt a

730: 714: 488:

Several important specific differences exist between the Canadian and American versions of the game of football:

2867:

inches off the ground; Kicking tees are not required to be used. Kickers may kick off the ground if they desire.

1474:

The procedures to settle games that are tied at the end of regulation vary considerably among football leagues.

256: 3820: 3701: 3696: 3688: 3616: 3611: 3510: 3500: 2840: 2595: 2446: 2417: 1889: 1868: 1845: 1816: 1812: 1348:

CFL: 25-yard line for placekick attempts (for a 32-yard attempt), 3-yard line for two-point conversion attempts

1342:

NFL: 15-yard line for placekick attempts (for a 33-yard attempt), 2-yard line for two-point conversion attempts

1240: 403: 399: 354: 2490: 1973:"A Century of British Readings of America Through American Football: From the Fin de Siècle to the Super Bowl" 834:

Before it adopted NFL standards, the CFL's regulation football size was specified as short circumference from

4024: 3505: 3412: 3346: 3243: 2515: 1858: 1566:

One aspect of the AAF overtime rules was unique to that league—field goals were prohibited during overtime.

643: 2098: 1950: 1046:

American football rules allow each team to have three timeouts in each half, and the NCAA, NFL & Texas

4054: 3706: 798: 734: 443: 362: 4044: 3891: 3769: 2778: 2241: 1591:

No coin toss was used to determine the first possession—the visiting team started all rounds on offense.

1285: 1220: 817: 753:, these having been phased out in 1980. The typical offensive arrangement in Canadian football is three 686:, originally built as a multipurpose dome, proved to best accommodate both Canadian football (the CFL's 671: 635: 2608: 4146: 4034: 3860: 3747: 3545: 3353: 2986:"Canadian Football League Introduces Key New Rule Changes for 2015 - American Football International" 1796: 1644: 1570: 1058: 1047: 1043:

of play), teams have 20 seconds after the play is whistled in regardless of the preceding situation.

3105:"Regular Season All-Time Records | CFL.ca | Official Site of the Canadian Football League" 2634: 4059: 3865: 3363: 3312: 2544: 1219:

In Canadian football, any kick that goes into the end zone is a live ball, except for a successful

706: 659: 2670: 4009: 3757: 3752: 3282: 2696: 2329: 2000: 1687: 1680: 1281: 1062: 1051: 699: 687: 591: 435: 1679:

basis for the system used in hockey. The NFL by contrast officially ranks its teams strictly by

2348: 2212: 4187: 4113: 4019: 3855: 3734: 3678: 3560: 3454: 3387: 3277: 3255: 3216: 3201: 3043: 2260: 2149: 1992: 1874: 1853: 1289: 1277: 1232: 1225: 967: 575: 538: 507: 346: 298: 294: 290: 269: 265: 1231:

Singles like this do not exist in American football; however, one point may be scored when a

3901: 3840: 3764: 3729: 3459: 3370: 3292: 3003: 1984: 1618: 1495:, which play by NCAA rules): Opponent's 25-yard line for the first two overtime procedures. 726: 667: 532: 477: 3040:"HENRY (GIZMO) WILLIAMS | CFL.ca | Official Site of the Canadian Football League" 321:

Harvard v McGill football game, played in 1874 under an adaptation of the rugby union rules

4215: 4014: 3673: 3591: 3576: 3380: 2355: 1923: 1749:) come nowhere near to matching the impact on the game that such players have in the CFL. 1663: 1574: 1297: 1273: 1010: 954: 942: 583: 574:

the first to use the 20-yard-long end zone in 1983, and since 2016, the home of the CFL's

2369:"Rule 4 - Scrimmage - Section 6 - Series Of Downs - 2017 Official CFL Rulebook on CFLdb" 3896: 3886: 3870: 3835: 3601: 3596: 3515: 3265: 3250: 2573: 2368: 1741: 1662:

typically use yellow penalty flags, while coaches' challenge flags are red. Before the

981: 893:

The regulation size for an NFL football is specified as short circumference from 21 to

776:

These are the player positions for the most common package on both offence and defence.

695: 424: 306: 281: 273: 2652:

The Stampeders attempted this on the final play against the Argonauts, Sept 21, 2013.

4309: 4105: 3977: 3967: 3850: 3815: 3810: 3375: 3297: 3026:"Eskimos QB Jordan Lynch will take over duties originally handled by former QB White" 2421: 2004: 1927: 639: 350: 330: 277: 4238: 3946: 3906: 3845: 3779: 3774: 3663: 3586: 3581: 3358: 2387: 1791:

placed on athletic speed, with former Edmonton Eskimos GM and former wide receiver

1746: 1736: 772: 679: 395: 338: 1988: 1300:, which according to the NFL rules is neither a free kick nor scrimmage kick, but 666:), or in some cases, on a field designed for American football (for instance, the 2956: 2765:

In the N.F.L., unlike college and the U.S.F.L., no tee is allowed on field goals.

2169: 427:, invented around the same time, were developed independently from Camp's rules. 4266: 3992: 3668: 3638: 3086: 1614: 1413: 1319: 1302: 1141: 926: 473: 465: 420: 391: 123: 4070: 3108: 2085:

suit)./Finally, in 1974, the league pushed the goal posts back to the end line.

1588:

Overtime consisted of a five-round "shootout" of two-point conversion attempts.

586:. Once a fairly common practice, the only example as of 2023 in the CFL is the 3936: 3721: 3550: 3432: 3427: 2692: 1835: 1581: 1364: 1077: 1006: 994: 938: 691: 599: 3170: 1996: 1243:' game-ending return of a missed field goal for the winning touchdown in the 816:

American football (left) and Canadian football (right), both manufactured by

3711: 3628: 3621: 3535: 3447: 2807: 1792: 1766: 1692: 1368: 1331: 1265: 1248: 750: 683: 579: 460: 1533:

Ability of defensive team to score after gaining possession on a turnover:

1068:

Timing rules change drastically after the minutes warning in both leagues:

317: 76: 2281:"2012 Official Playing Rules and Casebook of the National Football League" 807: 387:-yard width of the current regulation-sized field for American football). 4102: 3606: 3475: 3437: 2957:"ESPN - Owners table reseeding playoffs proposal; pass other rules - NFL" 2020:"The Tea Bowl and the 1944 Grey Cup Champions — St. Hyacinthe-Donnaconas" 1732: 1652: 1648: 1244: 1009:

in American football, the receiving team can elect a free kick (called a

754: 655: 571: 567: 472:

after an illustrious career in both leagues. He was surpassed in 2006 by

342: 302: 1235:, in contrast to the two points scored for safeties during other plays. 651: 442:: first half played under U.S. rules, second under Canadian rules. The 501: 3658: 439: 358: 334: 2980: 2978: 2726: 1539:

U.S. and BC high school (except Texas): Possession ends immediately.

1351:

Amateur Canadian football (all levels): 5-yard line for all attempts

1345:

Amateur American football (all levels): 3-yard line for all attempts

717:), although Canadian football is no longer played there. Similarly, 2854: 779: 771: 429: 316: 27:

Differences between the two most common types of gridiron football

2187: 1972: 272:

football share many similarities, having been partly inspired by

3287: 2960: 2541:

The Official Playing Rules for the Canadian Football League 2015

2050:"Argonauts eager to open the BMO Field chapter of their history" 4074: 3174: 2779:"They're Not All Kicking and Screaming Over the Absence of Tee" 2607:. Toronto: Canadian Football League. p. 28. Archived from 2392:

The Official Playing Rules of the Canadian Football League 2018

1795:(6 ft 0 in , 195 lb , All-American at 3160: 1407: 1135: 117: 70: 29: 3129: 2484:"2016 Official Playing Rules of the National Football League" 2931: 2411: 2409: 2349:

http://cflofficials.ca/docs/2015%20Rule%20Book%20English.pdf

1516:

The game clock does not run, but the play clock is enforced.

541:

field, 150 by 65 yards (137.2 by 59.44 m) with endzones

2316:. Winnipeg Sun. Archived from the original on July 30, 2012 1284:, four kicks occurred in one play; after a Montreal missed 907:

inches (533 to 540 mm); long circumference from 28 to

2543:. Canadian Football League. pp. 18–19. Archived from 2808:"NCAA rules change will ban tees on FGs, PATs - The Tech" 2426:. Toronto, Ontario: Canadian Football League. p. 81. 2215:(Press release). Canadian Football League. March 19, 2018 305:

that are very similar; both have their origins partly in

3069:"CFL.ca - Official site of the Canadian Football League" 2907:"Spring League returns with revolutionary overtime idea" 1573:

period of 15 minutes, for playoff games only; since the

450:"Pirates" 16–6, but lost the "Coffee Bowl" rematch 18–0. 309:, but some key differences exist between the two codes. 3068: 2669:. The Canadian Press. October 29, 2010. Archived from 2636:

Official Playing Rules of the National Football League

1272:

be attempted on the same play. During the October 29,

470:

all-time professional football leader in passing yards

419:). The American game's modern rules were developed by 365:

to play the new game derived from rugby football in a

2877: 2875: 862:

inches (530 to 537 mm); long circumference from

18:

Comparison of American football and Canadian football

1594:

The defense could not score on a conversion attempt.

4265: 4237: 4214: 4186: 4168: 4145: 4112: 3960: 3915: 3879: 3788: 3720: 3687: 3649: 3569: 3528: 3468: 3420: 3411: 3331: 3209: 2570:"NCAA Football rules committee boosts safety rules" 725:(more often known as Sacramento State), hosted the 148:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. 1117: 563:yards (91.4 by 48.8 m) in American football. 1977:The International Journal of the History of Sport 2099:"CFL moving hashmarks closer to center of field" 1896:Comparison of American football and rugby league 2516:"FAQ about Game Rules and Regulations on CFLdb" 1901:Comparison of American football and rugby union 929:stated that they noticed a difference in size. 3087:"NFL: Top Ten Rushing QBs 100521 - NFL - ESPN" 2667:"Wacky finish as Als beat Argos on final play" 2388:"Rule 4, Section 1, Article 3: Scrimmage Zone" 1696:assuming they played the same number of games. 1018: 411: 157:"Comparison of American and Canadian football" 4086: 3186: 2750:"There's No Margin For Error For Pro Kickers" 2074:. Pro Football Hall of Fame. October 16, 2018 8: 2855:"Frequently Asked Questions about Equipment" 1920:"Canadian Football Timelines (1860–present)" 1233:safety is scored during a conversion attempt 761:while on the defensive end of the ball, two 2884:"Targeting protocols approved for football" 2207: 2205: 1442:. Unsourced material may be challenged and 1170:. Unsourced material may be challenged and 634: yd or 5.3 m) per side in width ( 524:yards (109.7 by 48.77 m) with endzones 64:Learn how and when to remove these messages 4093: 4079: 4071: 3417: 3193: 3179: 3171: 2725:. Canadian Football League. Archived from 2534:"Rule 1, Section 7, Article 9: Time Count" 2213:"CFL to Roll Out New Ball for 2018 Season" 1971:Adams, Iain Christopher (April 25, 2017). 1314:In both American and Canadian football, a 3063: 3061: 3000:"2011 CFL rule changes approved - CFL.ca" 2572:. NCAA. February 18, 2003. Archived from 2469:"Get up to speed on new CFL rule changes" 2439:"Border man stands on guard for BC Lions" 1462:Learn how and when to remove this message 1190:Learn how and when to remove this message 402:(NFL) had a formal relationship with the 226:Learn how and when to remove this message 208:Learn how and when to remove this message 1787:the skillsets required of the athletes. 1551:Limit on number of overtime procedures: 101:of all important aspects of the article. 2394:. The Canadian Football League Database 1911: 966:In both games, the ball is placed at a 723:California State University, Sacramento 398:, and because of the similarities, the 2699:from the original on December 22, 2021 2327: 2265:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title ( 2258: 953:In American football, a team has four 757:instead of the American tight end and 345:, which played a series of games with 97:Please consider expanding the lead to 1951:"CFL ends working agreement with NFL" 652:CFL's failed expansion to U.S. cities 7: 2026:. Canada's Sports Hall of Fame. 2017 1440:adding citations to reliable sources 1215:Field goals, singles, and touchbacks 1168:adding citations to reliable sources 146:adding citations to reliable sources 2839:. September 4, 1989. Archived from 2068:"Evolution of the Game: Goal Posts" 1765:Pundits often like to claim that a 1701:Strategic and tactical differences 1479:high school-football in that state 25: 2748:Lusteg, Booth (August 14, 1983). 2695:. YouTube.com. October 30, 2010. 2633:National Football League (2023). 2437:Beamish, Mike (August 11, 2009). 2145:Historical Dictionary of Football 1481:. The rules are summarized here: 980:While large, relatively immobile 642:converted for football, and some 45:This article has multiple issues. 3323:Rules of gridiron football codes 3002:. April 12, 2011. Archived from 2882:Johnson, Greg (April 23, 2019). 2048:O'Leary, Chris (June 10, 2016). 1838: 1412: 1140: 1061:whereas American football has a 806: 797: 588:Percival Molson Memorial Stadium 531: 500: 255: 244: 122: 75: 34: 3166:Comparison of CFL and NFL rules 2601:CFL Official Playing Rules 2008 2423:CFL Official Playing Rules 2005 1569:The NFL overtime is a modified 476:, who in turn was surpassed by 133:needs additional citations for 89:may be too short to adequately 53:or discuss these issues on the 2905:Florio, Mike (April 7, 2019). 2777:Litke, Jim (August 20, 1989). 2188:"FAQ about Equipment on CFLdb" 2142:Grasso, John (June 13, 2013). 1753:Management of offensive drives 448:U.S. Army Central Base Section 99:provide an accessible overview 1: 1989:10.1080/09523367.2017.1304917 1885:Glossary of Canadian football 1864:Glossary of American football 1580:The overtime protocol of the 1118:fair catches and punt returns 1076:The penalty for allowing the 989:Fair catches and punt returns 921:inches (711 to 724 mm). 890:inches (705 to 718 mm). 733:in American football and the 406:(CFL) between 1997 and 2008. 4326:Comparison of football codes 4321:History of Canadian football 4316:History of American football 3261:American–Canadian comparison 2312:Bender, Jim (May 29, 2008). 1511:CFL: Opponent's 35-yard line 1239:famous recent example being 2598:(2008). "Rule 3: Scoring". 1094:by the non-offending team). 711:U.S. Army All-American Bowl 674:of the CFL, playing in the 4342: 3156:CFL Official Playing Rules 3130:http://cfl.ca/noleadissafe 2386:Canadian Football League. 1674:the standings are broken: 4224:Australian rules football 4170:Australian rules football 3144:Arena Football League 101 2334:: CS1 maint: unfit URL ( 2158:– via Google Books. 1493:Texas public high schools 1103:Kicker advancing the ball 1019:kicker advancing the ball 731:Sacramento Mountain Lions 690:) and American football ( 412:Kicker advancing the ball 3821:Total quarterback rating 2596:Canadian Football League 2418:Canadian Football League 1890:Canadian Football League 1869:National Football League 1846:American football portal 1817:National Football League 1813:Canadian Football League 1245:2013 Alabama–Auburn game 1057:Canadian football has a 765:are used instead of one 644:soccer-specific stadiums 404:Canadian Football League 400:National Football League 2719:"2009 CFL Rule Changes" 1880:Canadian football rules 1859:American football rules 1330:In both games, after a 703:after Hurricane Katrina 468:, for example, was the 434:The 1944 "Tea Bowl" at 3707:Fourth down conversion 2314:"Getting feel for CFL" 1658:In American football, 1326:Points after touchdown 785: 777: 769:in the American game. 737:in Canadian football. 735:Sacramento Gold Miners 451: 322: 4045:Touchdown celebration 3770:Running out the clock 3139:Wilson Sporting Goods 2654:Stampeders Come Short 2129:www.sportsknowhow.com 1132:Fumbles out of bounds 783: 775: 672:Birmingham Barracudas 566:Since 1986, Canadian 433: 320: 4280:Association football 4147:Association football 4035:Running up the score 3861:Yards from scrimmage 3546:Two-point conversion 3541:One-point conversion 2550:on December 22, 2015 1955:www.nationalpost.com 1930:on February 28, 2007 1436:improve this section 1164:improve this section 1048:high school football 446:"Mustangs" beat the 367:home-and-home series 142:improve this article 3866:All-purpose yardage 2911:Profootballtalk.com 2833:"No More Tee Party" 2415:Rule 4: Scrimmage. 2170:"Untitled Document" 2148:. Scarecrow Press. 1949:Fitz-Gerald, Sean. 1709:Red-zone management 1491:U.S. college (also 763:defensive halfbacks 698:training camp, the 660:Baltimore Stallions 636:multipurpose stadia 325:Rugby football was 3111:on January 4, 2015 3046:on October 5, 2015 2614:on August 13, 2011 2449:on August 14, 2009 2354:2015-12-22 at the 2072:profootballhof.com 2024:Military and Sport 1681:winning percentage 1379:in the 1980s). In 1282:Montreal Alouettes 1063:two-minute warning 1052:two-minute warning 1050:stops play for a " 1025:Motion at the snap 786: 778: 700:New Orleans Saints 688:San Antonio Texans 592:Montreal Alouettes 452: 436:White City Stadium 355:Harvard University 323: 4303: 4302: 4285:Canadian football 4275:American football 4252:Canadian football 4247:American football 4196:American football 4188:Canadian football 4122:Canadian football 4114:American football 4068: 4067: 3856:Yards after catch 3679:Turnover on downs 3524: 3523: 3455:Line of scrimmage 3202:Gridiron football 3006:on April 17, 2011 2988:. April 21, 2015. 2843:on March 3, 2014. 2783:Los Angeles Times 2673:on August 9, 2011 2471:. April 27, 2022. 2293:on April 23, 2013 2174:www.cflapedia.com 1875:Canadian football 1854:American football 1609:Other differences 1472: 1471: 1464: 1280:game against the 1278:Toronto Argonauts 1200: 1199: 1192: 968:line of scrimmage 576:Toronto Argonauts 539:Canadian football 508:American football 363:McGill University 347:McGill University 295:Canadian football 236: 235: 228: 218: 217: 210: 192: 116: 115: 68: 16:(Redirected from 4333: 4095: 4088: 4081: 4072: 3902:Three-cone drill 3765:Clock management 3460:Field goal range 3418: 3195: 3188: 3181: 3172: 3161:NFL.com Rulebook 3132: 3127: 3121: 3120: 3118: 3116: 3107:. Archived from 3101: 3095: 3094: 3083: 3077: 3076: 3065: 3056: 3055: 3053: 3051: 3042:. Archived from 3036: 3030: 3029: 3028:. 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Archived from 1916: 1848: 1843: 1842: 1841: 1782:Backfield motion 1619:college football 1467: 1460: 1456: 1453: 1447: 1416: 1408: 1195: 1188: 1184: 1181: 1175: 1144: 1136: 1124:touching rules. 920: 919: 915: 912: 906: 905: 901: 898: 889: 888: 884: 881: 875: 874: 870: 867: 861: 860: 856: 853: 847: 846: 842: 839: 810: 801: 727:Sacramento Surge 715:UTSA Roadrunners 668:Memphis Mad Dogs 664:Memorial Stadium 633: 632: 628: 625: 619: 618: 614: 611: 562: 561: 557: 554: 535: 523: 522: 518: 515: 504: 478:Anthony Calvillo 386: 385: 381: 378: 259: 248: 231: 224: 213: 206: 202: 199: 193: 191: 150: 126: 118: 111: 108: 102: 79: 71: 60: 38: 37: 30: 21: 4341: 4340: 4336: 4335: 4334: 4332: 4331: 4330: 4306: 4305: 4304: 4299: 4290:Gaelic football 4261: 4233: 4216:Gaelic football 4210: 4182: 4178:Gaelic football 4164: 4141: 4108: 4099: 4069: 4064: 4015:Gatorade shower 3956: 3911: 3875: 3831:Receiving yards 3784: 3716: 3683: 3645: 3592:Incomplete pass 3565: 3520: 3464: 3407: 3327: 3308:Street/Backyard 3205: 3199: 3152: 3135: 3128: 3124: 3114: 3112: 3103: 3102: 3098: 3085: 3084: 3080: 3067: 3066: 3059: 3049: 3047: 3038: 3037: 3033: 3024: 3023: 3019: 3009: 3007: 2998: 2997: 2993: 2984: 2983: 2976: 2966: 2964: 2963:. 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3822: 3819: 3817: 3816:Passer rating 3814: 3812: 3811:Passing yards 3809: 3807: 3806:Rushing yards 3804: 3802: 3799: 3797: 3794: 3793: 3791: 3787: 3781: 3778: 3776: 3773: 3771: 3768: 3766: 3763: 3759: 3756: 3754: 3751: 3749: 3746: 3745: 3743: 3741: 3738: 3736: 3733: 3731: 3728: 3727: 3725: 3723: 3719: 3713: 3710: 3708: 3705: 3703: 3702:Three-and-out 3700: 3698: 3695: 3694: 3692: 3690: 3686: 3680: 3677: 3675: 3672: 3670: 3667: 3665: 3662: 3660: 3657: 3656: 3654: 3652: 3648: 3640: 3637: 3636: 3635: 3632: 3630: 3627: 3623: 3620: 3619: 3618: 3615: 3613: 3610: 3608: 3605: 3603: 3600: 3598: 3595: 3593: 3590: 3588: 3585: 3583: 3580: 3578: 3575: 3574: 3572: 3570:Ball handling 3568: 3562: 3559: 3557: 3554: 3552: 3549: 3547: 3544: 3542: 3539: 3537: 3534: 3533: 3531: 3527: 3517: 3514: 3512: 3509: 3507: 3504: 3502: 3499: 3497: 3496:Coffin corner 3494: 3492: 3489: 3487: 3484: 3482: 3479: 3477: 3474: 3473: 3471: 3467: 3461: 3458: 3456: 3453: 3449: 3446: 3444: 3441: 3439: 3436: 3434: 3431: 3430: 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2856: 2850: 2847: 2842: 2838: 2834: 2828: 2825: 2813: 2809: 2803: 2800: 2796: 2784: 2780: 2773: 2770: 2766: 2755: 2751: 2744: 2741: 2728: 2724: 2720: 2714: 2711: 2698: 2694: 2688: 2685: 2672: 2668: 2662: 2659: 2655: 2649: 2646: 2642:. p. 48. 2638: 2637: 2629: 2626: 2610: 2603: 2602: 2597: 2591: 2588: 2575: 2571: 2565: 2562: 2546: 2542: 2535: 2529: 2526: 2521: 2517: 2511: 2508: 2492: 2485: 2478: 2475: 2470: 2464: 2461: 2448: 2444: 2443:Vancouver Sun 2440: 2433: 2430: 2425: 2424: 2419: 2412: 2410: 2406: 2393: 2389: 2382: 2379: 2374: 2370: 2364: 2361: 2357: 2353: 2350: 2345: 2342: 2337: 2331: 2315: 2308: 2305: 2289: 2282: 2276: 2273: 2268: 2262: 2243: 2236: 2230: 2227: 2214: 2208: 2206: 2202: 2189: 2183: 2180: 2175: 2171: 2165: 2162: 2157: 2155:9780810878570 2151: 2147: 2146: 2138: 2135: 2130: 2126: 2120: 2117: 2104: 2100: 2093: 2090: 2086: 2073: 2069: 2063: 2060: 2055: 2051: 2044: 2041: 2025: 2021: 2017: 2006: 2002: 1998: 1994: 1990: 1986: 1982: 1978: 1974: 1969: 1968: 1964: 1961: 1956: 1952: 1945: 1942: 1929: 1925: 1921: 1915: 1912: 1906: 1902: 1899: 1897: 1894: 1891: 1888: 1886: 1883: 1881: 1878: 1876: 1873: 1870: 1867: 1865: 1862: 1860: 1857: 1855: 1852: 1851: 1847: 1836: 1831: 1829: 1825: 1821: 1818: 1814: 1809: 1803: 1801: 1798: 1794: 1788: 1781: 1779: 1775: 1771: 1768: 1763: 1759: 1752: 1750: 1748: 1743: 1738: 1734: 1726:Special teams 1725: 1723: 1721: 1720:running track 1716: 1708: 1706: 1700: 1694: 1689: 1685: 1682: 1677: 1676: 1675: 1671: 1669: 1665: 1661: 1656: 1654: 1650: 1646: 1640: 1636: 1628: 1624: 1623: 1622: 1620: 1616: 1608: 1603: 1600: 1596: 1593: 1590: 1587: 1586: 1585: 1583: 1578: 1576: 1572: 1567: 1559: 1556: 1553: 1552: 1550: 1546: 1543: 1538: 1535: 1534: 1532: 1527: 1524: 1521: 1520: 1518: 1515: 1510: 1507: 1502: 1497: 1496: 1494: 1490: 1489: 1487: 1484: 1483: 1482: 1480: 1475: 1466: 1463: 1455: 1445: 1441: 1437: 1431: 1430: 1426: 1421:This section 1419: 1415: 1410: 1409: 1403: 1401: 1397: 1390: 1388: 1386: 1382: 1378: 1372: 1370: 1366: 1361: 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489: 483: 481: 479: 475: 471: 467: 462: 456: 449: 445: 444:Canadian Army 441: 437: 432: 428: 426: 422: 418: 413: 407: 405: 401: 397: 393: 388: 370: 368: 364: 360: 356: 352: 351:United States 348: 344: 340: 336: 332: 331:North America 328: 319: 312: 310: 308: 304: 300: 296: 292: 283: 279: 278:North America 276:, brought to 275: 271: 267: 258: 247: 238: 230: 227: 212: 209: 201: 190: 187: 183: 180: 176: 173: 169: 166: 162: 159: – 158: 154: 153:Find sources: 147: 143: 137: 136: 131:This article 129: 125: 120: 119: 110: 100: 94: 92: 87: 82: 78: 73: 72: 67: 65: 58: 57: 52: 51: 46: 41: 32: 31: 19: 4295:Rugby league 4239:Rugby league 4201:Rugby league 4195: 4137:NFL and NCAA 4127:Rugby league 4121: 4055:Trading card 3947:Penalty flag 3907:Film session 3846:Return yards 3780:Garbage time 3775:Untimed play 3664:Interception 3582:Forward pass 3491:Neutral zone 3393:Professional 3260: 3125: 3115:December 10, 3113:. Retrieved 3109:the original 3099: 3090: 3081: 3072: 3048:. Retrieved 3044:the original 3034: 3020: 3008:. Retrieved 3004:the original 2994: 2967:November 14, 2965:. Retrieved 2951: 2939:. Retrieved 2935: 2926: 2914:. Retrieved 2910: 2900: 2888:. Retrieved 2865: 2858:. Retrieved 2849: 2841:the original 2836: 2827: 2817:September 9, 2815:. Retrieved 2812:tech.mit.edu 2811: 2802: 2793: 2786:. Retrieved 2782: 2772: 2764: 2757:. Retrieved 2753: 2743: 2731:. Retrieved 2727:the original 2722: 2713: 2701:. Retrieved 2687: 2675:. Retrieved 2671:the original 2661: 2648: 2635: 2628: 2616:. Retrieved 2609:the original 2600: 2590: 2578:. Retrieved 2574:the original 2564: 2554:December 21, 2552:. Retrieved 2545:the original 2540: 2528: 2519: 2510: 2498:. Retrieved 2491:the original 2477: 2463: 2451:. Retrieved 2447:the original 2442: 2432: 2422: 2396:. Retrieved 2391: 2381: 2372: 2363: 2344: 2318:. Retrieved 2307: 2295:. Retrieved 2288:the original 2275: 2249:. 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Retrieved 1928:the original 1914: 1826: 1822: 1810: 1807: 1789: 1785: 1776: 1772: 1764: 1760: 1756: 1747:Devin Hester 1737:Jordan Lynch 1729: 1712: 1704: 1672: 1657: 1641: 1637: 1633: 1613:In American 1612: 1579: 1571:sudden-death 1568: 1565: 1476: 1473: 1458: 1452:January 2019 1449: 1434:Please help 1422: 1398: 1394: 1373: 1362: 1358: 1354: 1337: 1329: 1313: 1301: 1294: 1270: 1262: 1253: 1237: 1230: 1226:single point 1218: 1205: 1201: 1186: 1180:January 2019 1177: 1162:Please help 1150: 1126: 1122: 1114: 1110: 1106: 1097: 1091: 1086: 1067: 1059:three-minute 1056: 1045: 1041: 1032: 1028: 1015: 1005:Following a 1004: 1000: 992: 979: 976: 972: 965: 952: 935: 931: 927:quarterbacks 923: 892: 833: 829: 825: 748: 744: 680:Legion Field 676:Liberty Bowl 649: 620: feet ( 605: 596: 565: 547: 492:Playing area 487: 457: 453: 416: 408: 396:rugby league 389: 371: 341:garrison in 339:British Army 324: 289: 268:(above) and 237: 222: 204: 198:January 2019 195: 185: 178: 171: 164: 152: 140:Please help 135:verification 132: 107:January 2019 104: 88: 86:lead section 61: 54: 48: 47:Please help 44: 4267:Rugby union 4257:Rugby union 4229:Rugby union 4206:Rugby union 4155:Rugby union 4132:Rugby union 4060:Twelfth man 3993:Football IQ 3983:Concussions 3916:Officiating 3669:Muffed punt 3639:Onside kick 3354:High school 2932:"XFL Rules" 2759:November 1, 2677:October 30, 2398:January 15, 2219:January 15, 1615:high school 1575:2017 season 1391:Runner down 1303:sui generis 1241:Chris Davis 1209:Holy Roller 662:playing at 650:During the 484:Differences 474:Damon Allen 466:Warren Moon 421:Walter Camp 392:rugby union 4310:Categories 3998:Formations 3937:Chain crew 3892:Two-a-days 3801:Completion 3789:Statistics 3722:Play clock 3697:First down 3551:Field goal 3433:Hash marks 3428:Yard lines 3342:Pop Warner 3318:Wheelchair 3313:Powderpuff 3010:August 26, 2941:January 7, 2860:October 3, 2788:October 3, 2618:August 13, 2453:August 13, 2190:. Cfldb.ca 1907:References 1582:second XFL 1548:procedure. 1365:NFL Europa 1286:field goal 1221:field goal 1112:recovery. 1078:play clock 1038:Time rules 1007:fair catch 995:fair catch 939:Super Bowl 751:tight ends 713:, and the 707:NFLPA Game 692:Alamo Bowl 600:hash marks 327:introduced 284:immigrants 168:newspapers 50:improve it 4050:Tuck rule 4030:Positions 4010:Letterman 3988:Equipment 3826:Reception 3712:Dead ball 3651:Turnovers 3629:Drop kick 3622:Touchback 3536:Touchdown 3486:Dead zone 3448:Sidelines 3443:Goal line 2330:cite news 2251:August 5, 2005:164327496 1997:0952-3367 1793:Ed Hervey 1693:coin toss 1688:wild card 1668:officials 1660:officials 1630:football. 1423:does not 1369:drop kick 1332:touchdown 1320:free kick 1266:drop kick 1249:touchback 1151:does not 1021:section. 962:Scrimmage 827:leagues. 755:slotbacks 746:defence. 741:Team size 684:Alamodome 580:BMO Field 568:end zones 417:see below 301:codes of 91:summarize 56:talk page 4103:football 4040:Strategy 4020:Overtime 3973:Blocking 3931:Canadian 3927:American 3923:Official 3880:Practice 3607:Hand-off 3481:Red zone 3476:End zone 3438:End line 3388:Semi-pro 3271:Glossary 3256:Canadian 3222:Glossary 3217:American 3204:concepts 3091:ESPN.com 2916:April 7, 2890:July 11, 2733:July 24, 2723:The Game 2697:Archived 2580:July 13, 2520:cfldb.ca 2420:(2005). 2373:cfldb.ca 2352:Archived 2261:cite web 1832:See also 1767:Canadian 1733:Kick Six 1715:red zone 1653:Winnipeg 1649:Edmonton 1506:Missouri 1404:Overtime 1310:Safeties 1092:declined 789:The ball 759:fullback 670:and the 656:baseball 572:BC Place 461:Canadian 343:Montreal 303:football 299:gridiron 291:American 270:Canadian 266:American 3961:Related 3942:Penalty 3730:Timeout 3634:Kickoff 3587:Lateral 3529:Scoring 3398:Women's 3371:College 3359:Varsity 3227:History 2936:XFL.com 2703:June 9, 2693:"Video" 2500:May 28, 2320:May 29, 2297:May 28, 2194:June 9, 2109:May 24, 2078:June 9, 1811:In the 1444:removed 1429:sources 1172:removed 1157:sources 916:⁄ 902:⁄ 885:⁄ 871:⁄ 857:⁄ 843:⁄ 678:and at 629:⁄ 615:⁄ 558:⁄ 519:⁄ 382:⁄ 357:hosted 337:by the 313:History 282:English 182:scholar 4160:Futsal 3758:1 min. 3753:2 min. 3748:3 min. 3659:Fumble 3556:Safety 3516:Pocket 3469:Spaces 3381:Sprint 3237:Modern 3073:CFL.ca 2886:. NCAA 2795:posts. 2358:(p 37) 2152: 2003: 1995: 1645:Regina 1316:safety 1290:single 1087:during 818:Wilson 709:, the 705:, the 440:London 359:Canada 335:Canada 184: 177: 170: 163: 155: 4106:codes 4025:Plays 3796:Carry 3740:Spike 3735:Kneel 3689:Downs 3421:Lines 3413:Field 3303:Touch 3293:6-man 3288:7-man 3283:8-man 3278:9-man 3251:Arena 3244:Rules 3232:Early 3210:Codes 2640:(PDF) 2612:(PDF) 2605:(PDF) 2548:(PDF) 2537:(PDF) 2494:(PDF) 2487:(PDF) 2291:(PDF) 2284:(PDF) 2245:(PDF) 2238:(PDF) 2001:S2CID 1892:(CFL) 1871:(NFL) 1626:zone. 1598:team. 955:downs 189:JSTOR 175:books 4003:List 3968:Ball 3841:Sack 3617:Punt 3612:Rush 3577:Snap 3511:Hole 3501:Flat 3376:Club 3298:Flag 3117:2008 3052:2015 3012:2017 2969:2011 2961:ESPN 2943:2020 2918:2019 2892:2019 2862:2019 2819:2018 2790:2019 2761:2021 2735:2009 2705:2014 2679:2010 2620:2011 2582:2008 2556:2015 2502:2016 2455:2009 2400:2019 2336:link 2322:2008 2299:2013 2267:link 2253:2013 2221:2019 2196:2014 2150:ISBN 2111:2022 2080:2023 2032:2021 2012:2021 1993:ISSN 1936:2006 1713:The 1651:and 1617:and 1427:any 1425:cite 1385:1989 1381:1948 1377:USFL 1274:2010 1155:any 1153:cite 729:and 297:are 293:and 161:news 3506:Gap 3347:AYF 2837:CNN 1985:doi 1797:USC 1438:by 1306:.) 1166:by 945:). 876:to 848:to 438:in 361:'s 333:in 329:to 280:by 144:by 4312:: 3929:, 3089:. 3071:. 3060:^ 2977:^ 2959:. 2934:. 2909:. 2874:^ 2864:. 2835:. 2810:. 2792:. 2781:. 2763:. 2752:. 2721:. 2539:. 2518:. 2441:. 2408:^ 2390:. 2371:. 2332:}} 2328:{{ 2263:}} 2259:{{ 2204:^ 2172:. 2127:. 2101:. 2082:. 2070:. 2052:. 2022:. 1999:. 1991:. 1981:34 1979:. 1975:. 1953:. 1922:. 1666:, 1655:. 1647:, 1276:, 1120:. 909:28 895:21 878:28 864:27 850:21 836:20 694:, 638:, 608:17 594:. 578:, 551:53 512:53 375:53 369:. 353:' 59:. 4094:e 4087:t 4080:v 3933:) 3925:( 3194:e 3187:t 3180:v 3119:. 3093:. 3075:. 3054:. 3014:. 2971:. 2945:. 2920:. 2894:. 2821:. 2737:. 2707:. 2681:. 2656:. 2622:. 2584:. 2558:. 2522:. 2504:. 2457:. 2402:. 2375:. 2338:) 2324:. 2301:. 2269:) 2255:. 2223:. 2198:. 2176:. 2131:. 2113:. 2096:; 2056:. 2034:. 2014:. 1987:: 1957:. 1938:. 1504:( 1465:) 1459:( 1454:) 1450:( 1446:. 1432:. 1193:) 1187:( 1182:) 1178:( 1174:. 1160:. 941:( 918:2 914:1 911:+ 904:4 900:1 897:+ 887:4 883:1 880:+ 873:4 869:3 866:+ 859:8 855:1 852:+ 845:8 841:7 838:+ 631:6 627:5 624:+ 622:5 617:2 613:1 610:+ 560:3 556:1 553:+ 521:3 517:1 514:+ 384:3 380:1 377:+ 229:) 223:( 211:) 205:( 200:) 196:( 186:· 179:· 172:· 165:· 138:. 109:) 105:( 95:. 66:) 62:( 20:)

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Knowledge (XXG)

Comparison of American and Canadian football

Index