188:
66:
82:
268:. For compartments sharing the same deck and forward frame, the first two parts of the code are identical, and the third part of the code is numbered outward from the centerline. For example, four main-deck compartments at frame 90 would be 1-90-1-L inboard and 1-90-3-L outboard on the starboard side of the ship and 1-90-2-L inboard and 1-90-4-L outboard on the port side.
187:
229:
Compartments are identified by the deck forming the floor of that compartment. Different types of ships have different deck naming conventions. Passenger ships often use letters of the alphabet sequentially down from A deck (the highest) above B deck, and B deck above C deck, and so forth. Another
144:
capability, although pumps kept in working order may provide an additional measure of safety in the event of minor leaks. The most common watertight subdivision is accomplished with transverse bulkheads dividing the elongated hull into a number of watertight floodable lengths. Early watertight
152:
A ship will sink if the transverse bulkheads are so far apart that flooding a single compartment would consume all the ship's reserve buoyancy. Aside from the possible protection of machinery, or areas most susceptible to damage, such a ship would be no better than a ship without watertight
249:(USN) has used the latter convention in a compartment numbering system since 1949. The USN system identifies each compartment by a four-part code separated by hyphens. The first part of the code represents a numbered deck, the second part of the code is a hull support
203:
is structurally capable of withstanding the same pressures as the watertight bulkheads they penetrate, although such doors require frequent maintenance to maintain effective seals, and must, of course, be kept closed to effectively contain flooding.
175:, safety standards recommended spacing transverse bulkheads so no single point of damage would either submerge the end of the upper bulkhead deck or reduce bulkhead deck freeboard to less than 3 inches (7.6 cm). Wartime experience with
257:, the third part of the code is a number representing compartment position with respect to the ship's centerline, and the fourth part of the code is alphabetic representing the use of that compartment.
161:, but damage destroying the tightness of a transverse bulkhead may cause flooding of two compartments and loss of the ship. A ship able to remain afloat with any two compartments flooded is called a
211:
can seal out spray and periodic minor flow over weather decks, but may leak during immersion. These outward opening doors are useful at weather deck entrances to compartments above the
221:
are similar to doors used in conventional buildings ashore. They afford privacy and temperature control for compartments formed by non-structural bulkheads within the ship's hull.
140:, but a steel ship with no watertight subdivision will sink if water accumulates faster than pumps can remove it. Standards of watertight subdivision assume no
242:, or they may be numbered upwards from the main deck with a zero prefix that is pronounced "oh": 01 above the main deck, 02 deck above 01, and so forth.
110:
149:
of an adjoining flooded compartment. Effective watertight subdivision requires these transverse bulkheads to be both watertight and structurally sound.
234:
1, the deck below it 2 (or the second deck), and the deck below that the third deck, and so forth. Decks above the main deck may be named, like the
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damage indicated the typical damage diameter of 35 feet (11 m) defined a practical minimum distance for transverse bulkhead spacing.
81:
520:
489:
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65:
424:
113:. The wide application of Chinese watertight compartments soon spread to the Europeans through the Indian and Arab merchants.
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652:
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The centerline position code is zero for a compartment on the ship's centerline, odd numbers for compartments entirely to
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169:
70:
672:
667:
480:
Richardson, Douglas; Goodchild, Michael F.; Kobayashi, Audrey; Liu, Weidong; Marston, Richard (2017).
482:
International
Encyclopedia of Geography, 15 Volume Set: People, the Earth, Environment and Technology
329:, pantries, wiring trunks, uncrewed engineering, electrical and electronic spaces, shops, and offices
320:
129:
97:
watertight compartments were originally invented by the
Chinese. These compartments strengthened the
94:
43:
411:
The
Britannica Guide to Modern China: A Comprehensive Introduction to the World's New Economic Giant
157:. A ship capable of remaining afloat when any single watertight compartment is flooded is called a
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in the event of damage, and may protect vital machinery from flooding. Most ships have some
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if the hull is damaged. Subdivision of a ship's hull into watertight compartments is called
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512:
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17:
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The economics of early unsinkable passenger ships was scrutinized in an 1882
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415:. Running Press Book Publishers (published April 30, 2008). 2008. p.
313:
288:
192:
69:
Transverse bulkheads appear horizontally in this photo of the battleship
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176:
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Three types of doors are commonly used between compartments. A closed
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Q for miscellaneous spaces not otherwise coded, including laundry,
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of the centerline, and even numbers for compartments entirely to
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subdivision tested with hoses sometimes failed to withstand the
133:
35:
46:. It is analogous to a room within a building, and may provide
374:(2nd ed.). New York: Simmons-Boardman Publishing Company.
484:. Wiley-Blackwell (published March 20, 2017). p. 7161.
511:. Littlefield Adams (published January 28, 1994). p.
85:
These compartments are formed by non-structural bulkheads.
165:, and will withstand damage to one transverse bulkhead.
459:. Authorhouse (published June 10, 2008). p. 102.
444:. Trafford Publishing (published November 8, 2014).
284:
F for oil storage tanks (or FF for oil cargo tanks)
128:Watertight subdivision limits loss of buoyancy and
587:"SHIP COMPARTMENTATION AND WATERTIGHT INTEGRITY"
291:-storage tanks (or GG for gasoline cargo tanks)
136:capacity to remove accumulated water from the
541:. Munn & Company. 1882-02-11. p. 87.
278:C for crewed communication or control centers
8:
395:KWANGCHOW - Freddy Everard On The China Seas
332:T for vertical-access trunks (escape trunks)
230:popular naming convention is numbering the
442:Understanding China: Dangerous Resentments
298:storage tanks (or JJ for JP-5 cargo tanks)
397:. BookBaby (published December 30, 2011).
281:E for crewed engineering machinery spaces
275:A for store rooms (or AA for cargo holds)
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7:
365:. New York: D. Van Nostrand Company.
34:is a portion of the space within a
27:Portion of the space within a ship
25:
457:Secret Maps of the Ancient World
361:Manning, George Charles (1930).
271:The fourth part of the code is:
612:"Compartment Letters for Ships"
455:Rees, Charlotte Harris (2008).
393:Harper, David Adamson (2011) .
304:L for living spaces, including
253:numbered sequentially from the
1:
505:Walter Meyer, Milton (1994).
301:K for chemical-storage spaces
153:subdivision, and is called a
105:in case of holing during the
363:Manual of Naval Architecture
191:A watertight hatch with the
370:Morrell, Robert W. (1931).
38:defined vertically between
694:
338:W for water-storage tanks
335:V for void (empty) spaces
42:and horizontally between
508:China: A Concise History
440:Du Bois, George (2014).
54:important in retaining
196:
163:three-compartment ship
124:Watertight subdivision
86:
78:
48:watertight subdivision
678:Watercraft components
190:
84:
68:
653:Nautical terminology
617:. United States Navy
592:. United States Navy
159:two-compartment ship
155:one-compartment ship
147:hydrostatic pressure
562:Manning, pp.146-148
538:Scientific American
118:Scientific American
77:under construction.
658:Naval architecture
648:Chinese inventions
247:United States Navy
197:
87:
79:
663:Ship compartments
349:Ship floodability
319:M for ammunition
316:, and passageways
209:weathertight door
16:(Redirected from
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60:compartmentation
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18:Compartmentation
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201:watertight door
195:clearly visible
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571:Manning, p.145
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111:Song dynasties
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50:of the ship's
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673:Song dynasty
668:Shipbuilding
619:. Retrieved
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225:Nomenclature
219:Joiner doors
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73:South Dakota
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621:24 February
372:Oil Tankers
236:bridge deck
101:and slowed
32:compartment
637:Categories
596:12 January
355:References
308:, dining,
168:After the
142:dewatering
120:article.
321:magazines
310:washrooms
262:starboard
240:poop deck
232:main deck
213:main deck
207:A closed
193:door dogs
130:freeboard
44:bulkheads
643:Buoyancy
343:See also
314:sick bay
306:sleeping
289:gasoline
103:flooding
95:Bulkhead
56:buoyancy
177:torpedo
173:sinking
171:Titanic
134:pumping
90:History
75:(BB-57)
519:
488:
463:
423:
327:galley
294:J for
287:G for
138:bilges
615:(PDF)
590:(PDF)
380:Notes
251:frame
183:Doors
99:junks
40:decks
623:2018
598:2014
517:ISBN
486:ISBN
461:ISBN
421:ISBN
296:JP-5
266:port
245:The
109:and
71:USS
52:hull
36:ship
255:bow
238:or
107:Han
639::
576:^
547:^
515:.
513:78
419:.
312:,
215:.
62:.
30:A
625:.
600:.
525:.
494:.
469:.
429:.
417:1
20:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
