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Apart from the costal and the anal veins, each vein can be branched, in which case the branches are numbered from anterior to posterior. For example, the two branches of the subcostal vein will be called
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In the case where two cells are separated by a crossvein but have the same anterior longitudinal vein, they should have the same name. To avoid this, they are attributed a number. For example, the R
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347:
363:
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Crossveins link the longitudinal veins, and are named accordingly (for example, the medio-cubital crossvein is termed
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Fraser, F. C. 1938. A note on the fallaciousness of the theory of pretracheation in the venation of
Odonata.
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Comstock, J.H. & Needham, J.G. (1898) The wings of
Insects. IX The Venation of the Wings of Hymenoptera.
378:
44:
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The
Comstock and Needham system attributes different names to the veins on an insect's wing. From the
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According to the
Comstock–Needham system, the cubitus forks once, producing the cubital veins Cu
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The cells are named after the vein on the anterior side; for instance, the cell between Sc
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The media may also fork twice, therefore having four branches reaching the wing margin.
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cell is divided in two by the radial cross vein: the basal cell is termed "first R
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The radius typically branches once near the base, producing anteriorly the
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Insect wing venation, showing the names after the
Comstock–Needham system
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If a cell is bordered anteriorly by a forking vein, such as R
296:, the cell is named after the posterior vein, in this case R
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Borror and DeLong's introduction to the study of insects
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of all insect wings. This system was based on
Needham's
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North–Carolina state
University course on insect wings
334:Triplehorn, Charles A.; Johnson Norman F. (2005).
235:). Some crossveins have their own name, like the
215:As there are several anal veins, they are called
35:in 1898. It was an important step in showing the
114:, in analogy with a bone in the forearm, the
8:
200:. According to some other authorities, Cu
223:, and so on. They are usually unforked.
150:, in reference to its posterior location
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72:(leading) edge of the wing towards the
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186:. The radial sector may fork twice.
16:Naming system for insect wing veins
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281:", and the distal cell "second R
204:may fork again, producing the Cu
43:that was later discredited by
23:is a naming system for insect
1:
317:Proc. Roy. Ent. Soc. London
243:and the sectoral crossvein
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384:Biological classification
328:The American Naturalist
45:Frederic Charles Fraser
21:Comstock–Needham system
65:
63:
41:pretracheation theory
179:and posteriorly the
340:Thomson Brooks/Cole
76:(rear), the major
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56:Longitudinal veins
80:veins are named:
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338:(7th ed.).
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251:Cell terminology
51:Vein terminology
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373:Categories
304:References
263:is called
239:crossvein
227:Crossveins
145:anal veins
138:, meaning
126:, meaning
102:, meaning
90:, meaning
25:wing veins
74:posterior
47:in 1938.
97:subcosta
70:anterior
37:homology
237:humeral
133:cubitus
346:
208:and Cu
196:and Cu
128:middle
116:radius
109:radius
292:and R
259:and R
140:elbow
121:media
85:costa
344:ISBN
233:m-cu
162:and
31:and
19:The
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92:rib
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221:A2
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136:Cu
100:Sc
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298:3
294:3
290:2
283:1
279:1
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267:2
261:1
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245:s
241:h
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198:2
194:1
176:1
174:R
166:2
159:1
148:A
124:M
112:R
88:C
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