596:
641:, toads, and potentially small mammals. It hunts by dropping to the ground from its perch in the understory, where it may strike its prey repeatedly with its feet; this serpent eagle may also grab prey from the foliage while hunting. Its large eyes enable this species to hunt in low light, though it is diurnal. Studies on the species' eyes have shown that they have about two times the visual resolution of a human's. It may breed from October to December in Gabon and from June to November in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
237:
552:
569:
black spots and brown coloration. The tail is light brown, with five to six broad black bars. The claws are short and sharp, while the legs are yellow. Sexes are similar, though the female averages about three percent larger than the male. Immatures have a white crown and mantle, while the upper back has rounded brown or black spots that vanish as the bird ages. The wings and tail are greyish-brown and paler than those of the adults and are more darkly barred.
31:
75:
1710:
564:, has a blackish-brown crown and upper neck while the sides of the neck and a broad collar are a dark rufous-brown. The feathers on the top of the head are slightly pointed, giving this species a hint of a crest. The remaining upperparts are a dark chocolate brown. The cheeks are light brown while the throat is buffy white with streaks. The eyes are large and dark brown or grey in females and yellow in males while the
50:
512:
353:. This hawk is a medium-sized bird with distinctive short, rounded wings and a long, rounded tail. It is varying shades of brown on its back and has a slight crest. Its breast is white with variable amounts of a rufous wash and, in the nominate subspecies, is covered in round, blackish spots. The subspecies
582:
This is a very vocal raptor and is one of the most frequently heard birds of prey in its range. It makes a cat-like meowing sound as well as a low, mournful, nasal "cow-cow-cow" at intervals over extended periods of time. When heard over a large distance, some ornithologists have compared its call to
559:
This hawk is a medium-sized, slender species with short, rounded wings and a long, rounded tail. It is 54 to 60 centimeters (21 to 24 in) long, with the tail contributing 24.5 to 26.8 centimeters (9.6 to 10.6 in). The wingspan is 94 to 106 centimeters (37 to 42 in) across. The adult of
368:
This serpent eagle feeds on snakes, chameleons, and toads, and hunts these species by dropping onto them from a perch in the understory. Its excellent eyesight enables it to hunt in the dark forest. Very little is known about its breeding habits, though it is suspected to breed from June to
December.
628:). The species lives in dense primary forest below 900 meters (3,000 ft) in elevation in the dark understory. As it is adapted for dense forest, it is not well-adapted for secondary forests and plantations. The Congo serpent eagle does not migrate, though it is unknown if it is locally nomadic.
603:
The Congo serpent eagle lives in southern Sierra Leone and Guinea, Liberia, and southern Côte d'Ivoire and Ghana. It is also found in southern
Nigeria and the Central African Republic south through northern and eastern Democratic Republic of the Congo in the east and through Gabon into the northern
568:
is short but deep. It also has a black median streak. The bird's underparts are white with variable amounts of rufous wash and a number of large, round blackish spots. The serpent eagle's thighs are barred sepia-brown and white, while the undertail is white. The underwing is largely white with some
636:
Little is known about this species' behavior. The Congo serpent eagle lives in the understory of its habitat and occasionally perches on lower boughs in tall trees. It lives either alone or in pairs. This species is known to hunt snakes, lizards, especially
661:). This species has been kept as a pet and in the 1970s was available from some pet shops. The Congo serpent eagle has been depicted on postage stamps from the Democratic Republic of the Congo and Tanzania.
530:
the Cassin's hawk-eagle, which could give the serpent eagle several advantages, possibly including the ability to trick its reptilian prey into not fleeing, lowering its own predation, and/or minimizing
424:
for "oak" and "triorchis" from the Greek for "hawk", specifically a kind of hawk thought to have three testicles. It is believed that the genus is more closely related to
3335:
3109:
595:
3266:
3330:
3320:
1315:
1093:
3240:
3083:
1067:
3122:
505:
1272:
1241:
1220:
1039:
1288:
483:, who shipped him specimens from Cameroon. This species is also known as the West African Serpent eagle and the African Serpent-eagle.
1259:
579:
s chest only appear on this subspecies' flanks. The immature does possess a spotted chest, with the spots vanishing as the bird ages.
3345:
492:
in 2005, along with other taxa popularly known as "serpent eagles". However, a 2018 study recovered this classification as being
3070:
1308:
3127:
816:"On the modifications of structure in the syrinx of the Accipitres, with remarks on other points in anatomy of that group"
1709:
649:
Currently, the Congo serpent eagle's population is dwindling due to deforestation. However, it is listed as a species of
74:
526:, which has an overlapping range with the serpent eagle. It has been suggested that the Congo serpent eagle evolved to
3000:
420:
is a distinct genus due to its short wings, long tail, short crest, and oval nostrils. The word "Dryo-" is from the
3271:
405:, who had access to more specimens, realized that the species was not a goshawk and moved the species into its own
3218:
1301:
1231:
532:
725:
Gill F, D Donsker & P Rasmussen (Eds). 2020. IOC World Bird List (v10.2). doi : 10.14344/IOC.ML.10.2.
338:. This serpent eagle specializes in hunting in these forests’ dark understories. It has two subspecies, the
236:
3021:
2950:
1108:
842:
815:
677:
523:
476:
358:
1071:
784:
617:
515:
443:
402:
335:
186:
163:
1804:
1794:
2283:
1596:
1414:
704:
551:
3325:
3227:
3013:
2982:
1293:
1144:
609:
480:
331:
2005:
1532:
457:
446:
morphology is distinctly like those of accipiter hawks but shows similarities to features found in
339:
39:
2987:
2292:
1995:
1549:
2681:
2644:
2620:
2077:
1945:
1168:
937:
Negro, Juan J. (2008). "Two aberrant serpent-eagles may be visual mimicsof bird-eating raptors".
249:
69:
2037:
1985:
1925:
1569:
1495:
1043:
3114:
2610:
2117:
2057:
1965:
1955:
1935:
1863:
1606:
1586:
575:
is similar to the nominate subspecies, but is browner and paler on the back while the spots on
30:
3148:
3140:
3044:
2377:
2047:
2016:
1646:
1626:
1268:
1237:
1216:
1160:
3176:
846:
3153:
2661:
2179:
1873:
1381:
1366:
1187:
1152:
954:
946:
858:
699:
654:
621:
382:
203:
3026:
3340:
3279:
2735:
1742:
1727:
1685:
1428:
1325:
327:
126:
788:
1148:
681:
365:. It is a very vocal raptor, and often is one of the most heard species in its habitat.
3297:
2241:
1771:
1393:
1329:
1253:
862:
421:
3314:
3135:
2920:
2871:
2801:
2783:
2553:
2505:
2269:
2213:
2206:
2186:
1915:
1821:
1814:
1782:
1636:
950:
690:
650:
370:
59:
54:
620:
from southern
Cameroon through Gabon and western Uganda. Its range covers 2,880,000
3049:
2913:
2899:
2844:
2821:
2749:
2699:
2688:
2671:
2519:
2419:
2412:
2398:
2329:
2163:
2067:
1975:
1832:
1653:
1451:
1172:
847:"On further Collections of Birds from the Efulen District of Cameroon, West Africa"
511:
305:
301:
136:
3075:
3036:
902:
604:
Republic of the Congo in the west with an isolated population in northern Angola.
543:
resembles the adult. This is one of very few suspected examples of avian mimicry.
3203:
1156:
3253:
3212:
3166:
3096:
2885:
2715:
2573:
2533:
2512:
2489:
2391:
2384:
2370:
2152:
2131:
1905:
1894:
1762:
1505:
1483:
1465:
658:
625:
486:
Despite
Shelley's reclassification, the species was later merged into the genus
432:
361:, and some ornithologists believe that this likeness is a rare example of avian
146:
2973:
1135:
Shlaer, Robert (May 26, 1972). "An Eagle's Eye: Quality of the
Retinal Image".
653:
due to its large population of over 10,000 adults and large range of 2,880,000
3292:
2892:
2837:
2810:
2776:
2742:
2726:
2708:
2634:
2598:
2440:
2433:
2349:
2303:
2255:
2227:
2220:
2107:
2088:
1853:
1751:
1616:
1472:
1444:
1360:
453:
479:
in 1904 due to its unspotted breast. Sharpe named the subspecies in honor of
357:
only has these dots on its flanks. The Congo serpent eagle closely resembles
2878:
2760:
2587:
2526:
2498:
2467:
2426:
2340:
2262:
2234:
2197:
2172:
2138:
1883:
1670:
1576:
1522:
1458:
1437:
638:
493:
488:
438:
426:
406:
398:
373:
due to its large range and population. This species has been kept as a pet.
322:
309:
86:
903:"Hoatzin, New World vultures, Secretarybird, raptors – IOC World Bird List"
1164:
3284:
3245:
3197:
2967:
2906:
2855:
2830:
2790:
2627:
2564:
2544:
2447:
2356:
2319:
2248:
2097:
1559:
1539:
1515:
1348:
448:
106:
522:
The Congo serpent eagle is superficially similar in plumage and size to
3088:
3008:
2864:
2654:
2458:
2405:
2027:
959:
527:
362:
2995:
2769:
2580:
2474:
2145:
1660:
1342:
584:
390:
96:
3258:
3101:
3062:
2944:
1094:"Rapid survey of the birds of the Atewa Range Forest Reserve, Ghana"
3161:
3057:
2363:
1354:
594:
550:
510:
409:
312:
3232:
2124:
565:
116:
2948:
1725:
1379:
1297:
1257:. In del Hoyo, Josep; Elliott, Andrew; Sargatal, Jordi (eds.).
539:
more closely resembles the immature Cassin's hawk-eagle, while
436:, and it is possibly a link between these and the Asian genus
349:. Though monotypic, it appears to be very closely related to
1211:
Brown, Leslie H.; Urban, Emil K.; Newman, Kenneth (1982).
535:
by birds through its resemblance to a predator of birds.
381:
The Congo serpent eagle was first described in 1863 by
244:
The distribution of the Congo serpent eagle (orange)
2677:
2667:
2650:
2640:
2616:
2606:
2325:
2315:
2280:
2113:
2103:
2073:
2063:
2053:
2043:
2033:
2023:
2011:
2001:
1991:
1981:
1971:
1961:
1951:
1941:
1931:
1921:
1911:
1901:
1889:
1879:
1869:
1859:
1849:
1810:
1800:
1790:
1739:
1666:
1642:
1632:
1622:
1612:
1602:
1592:
1582:
1565:
1555:
1545:
1528:
1511:
1501:
1491:
1425:
1410:
3187:
2957:
2854:
2820:
2800:
2759:
2725:
2698:
2597:
2563:
2543:
2488:
2457:
2339:
2302:
2279:
2196:
2162:
2087:
1840:
1831:
1781:
1761:
1738:
1684:
1482:
1424:
1401:
1392:
1000:
998:
996:
994:
992:
990:
988:
978:
976:
974:
972:
970:
1252:
876:
874:
872:
369:The Congo serpent eagle is listed as a species of
1068:"Congo Serpent Eagle (Dryotriorchis spectabilis)"
793:, a new Genus of Harrier Eagles from West Africa"
705:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-3.RLTS.T22695330A93502934.en
500:, and for this reason, reclassified it back into
1230:Ferguson-Lees, James; David A. Christie (2001).
471:was originally described as a separate species,
820:Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London
393:, Ghana. Schlegel published his description in
1070:. BirdLife International. 2011. Archived from
1042:. BirdLife International. 2011. Archived from
1040:"Species factsheet: Dryotriorchis spectabilis"
1309:
888:
886:
8:
1020:
1018:
1016:
1014:
1012:
1010:
765:
763:
761:
759:
757:
755:
753:
751:
2945:
2308:
1837:
1735:
1722:
1398:
1389:
1376:
1316:
1302:
1294:
749:
747:
745:
743:
741:
739:
737:
735:
733:
731:
395:Nederlandsch Tijdschrift voor De Dierkunde
235:
48:
29:
20:
1130:
1128:
958:
779:
777:
775:
703:
612:from Liberia to northern Cameroon, while
326:. This species is distributed across the
3336:Birds of the African tropical rainforest
1254:"Family Accipitridae (Hawks and Eagles)"
932:
930:
928:
926:
924:
922:
920:
918:
837:
835:
833:
669:
1062:
1060:
1101:RAP Bulletin of Biological Assessment
1034:
1032:
1030:
562:Dryotriorchis spectabilis spectabilis
506:International Ornithological Congress
461:Dryotriorchis spectabilis spectabilis
343:Dryotriorchis spectabilis spectabilis
320:, although it was formerly placed in
7:
1289:Picture, video, and distribution map
3331:Birds of prey of Sub-Saharan Africa
3321:IUCN Red List least concern species
691:IUCN Red List of Threatened Species
397:and placed this species within the
272:
261:
1260:Handbook of the Birds of the World
1092:Demey, Ron; William Ossom (2007).
863:10.1111/j.1474-919X.1904.tb00524.x
14:
1708:
1265:New World Vultures to Guineafowl
951:10.1111/j.1474-919X.2007.00782.x
555:Adult of the nominate subspecies
347:Dryotriorchis spectabilis batesi
73:
1236:. Singapore: Houghton Mifflin.
389:from a specimen collected near
308:. It is the only member of the
1:
599:Congo serpent eagle in Ghana.
1267:. Barcelona: Lynx Editions.
1251:Thiollay, Jean-Marc (1994).
1213:The Birds of Africa Volume I
1188:"Congo Serpent Eagle Stamps"
1157:10.1126/science.176.4037.920
504:. This was followed by the
328:African tropical rainforest
3362:
1215:. London: Academic Press.
1004:Ferguson-Lees 2001, p. 472
982:Ferguson-Lees 2001, p. 471
880:Ferguson-Lees 2001, p. 128
3001:dryotriorchis-spectabilis
2988:Dryotriorchis_spectabilis
2959:Dryotriorchis spectabilis
2311:
1734:
1721:
1706:
1388:
1375:
1337:
684:Dryotriorchis spectabilis
560:the nominate subspecies,
297:Dryotriorchis spectabilis
255:
248:
243:
234:
216:
211:
196:Dryotriorchis spectabilis
192:
185:
70:Scientific classification
68:
46:
37:
28:
23:
1332:and their extinct allies
698:: e.T22695330A93502934.
645:Relationship with humans
591:Distribution and habitat
3346:Birds described in 1863
1190:. Theme Birds on Stamps
843:Sharpe, Richard Bowdler
814:Beddard, F. E. (1903).
785:Shelley, George Ernest
678:BirdLife International
600:
556:
519:
477:Richard Bowdler Sharpe
3298:Circaetus-spectabilis
3219:Circaetus spectabilis
3189:Circaetus spectabilis
892:Thiollay 1994, p. 134
618:lower Guinean forests
610:upper Guinean forests
598:
554:
514:
403:George Ernest Shelley
336:lower Guinean forests
281:Circaetus spectabilis
1233:Raptors of the World
1107:: 61. Archived from
632:Ecology and behavior
473:Dryotriorchis batesi
270:Dryotriorchis batesi
24:Congo serpent eagle
1149:1972Sci...176..920S
524:Cassin's hawk-eagle
458:nominate subspecies
359:Cassin's hawk-eagle
340:nominate subspecies
292:Congo serpent eagle
178:D. spectabilis
40:Conservation status
1186:Scharning, Kjell.
1024:Brown 1982, p. 351
769:Brown 1982, p. 350
601:
577:D. s. spectabilis'
557:
520:
300:) is a species of
222:- (Schlegel, 1863)
3308:
3307:
3149:Open Tree of Life
2951:Taxon identifiers
2942:
2941:
2938:
2937:
2934:
2933:
2930:
2929:
2484:
2483:
2378:Cryptoleucopteryx
1805:Amphiserpentarius
1717:
1716:
1704:
1703:
1680:
1679:
1274:978-84-87334-15-3
1243:978-0-618-12762-7
1222:978-0-12-137301-6
655:square kilometers
622:square kilometers
606:D. s. spectabilis
537:D. s. spectabilis
387:Astur spectabilis
288:
287:
277:
266:
259:Astur spectabilis
220:D. s. spectabilis
167:
63:
3353:
3301:
3300:
3288:
3287:
3275:
3274:
3262:
3261:
3249:
3248:
3236:
3235:
3223:
3222:
3221:
3208:
3207:
3206:
3180:
3179:
3170:
3169:
3157:
3156:
3144:
3143:
3131:
3130:
3118:
3117:
3105:
3104:
3092:
3091:
3079:
3078:
3066:
3065:
3053:
3052:
3040:
3039:
3030:
3029:
3017:
3016:
3014:3DA062BF0F062DDE
3004:
3003:
2991:
2990:
2978:
2977:
2976:
2946:
2679:
2669:
2652:
2642:
2618:
2608:
2327:
2317:
2309:
2284:Archaehieraxinae
2282:
2180:Erythrotriorchis
2115:
2105:
2075:
2065:
2055:
2045:
2035:
2025:
2013:
2003:
1993:
1983:
1973:
1963:
1953:
1943:
1933:
1923:
1913:
1903:
1891:
1881:
1874:Apatosagittarius
1871:
1861:
1851:
1838:
1812:
1802:
1792:
1741:
1736:
1723:
1712:
1668:
1644:
1634:
1624:
1614:
1604:
1594:
1584:
1567:
1557:
1547:
1530:
1513:
1503:
1493:
1427:
1415:Parasarcoramphus
1412:
1399:
1390:
1382:Accipitrimorphae
1377:
1367:Accipitrimorphae
1318:
1311:
1304:
1295:
1278:
1256:
1247:
1226:
1199:
1198:
1196:
1195:
1183:
1177:
1176:
1132:
1123:
1122:
1120:
1119:
1113:
1098:
1089:
1083:
1082:
1080:
1079:
1064:
1055:
1054:
1052:
1051:
1036:
1025:
1022:
1005:
1002:
983:
980:
965:
964:
962:
934:
913:
912:
910:
909:
899:
893:
890:
881:
878:
867:
866:
845:(October 1904).
839:
828:
827:
811:
805:
804:
781:
770:
767:
726:
723:
717:
716:
714:
712:
707:
674:
657:(1,110,000
624:(1,110,000
496:with respect to
383:Hermann Schlegel
275:
264:
239:
228:- (Sharpe, 1904)
198:
162:
78:
77:
57:
52:
51:
33:
21:
3361:
3360:
3356:
3355:
3354:
3352:
3351:
3350:
3311:
3310:
3309:
3304:
3296:
3291:
3283:
3280:Observation.org
3278:
3270:
3265:
3257:
3252:
3244:
3239:
3231:
3226:
3217:
3216:
3211:
3202:
3201:
3196:
3183:
3175:
3173:
3165:
3160:
3152:
3147:
3139:
3134:
3126:
3121:
3113:
3108:
3100:
3095:
3087:
3082:
3074:
3069:
3061:
3056:
3048:
3043:
3035:
3033:
3025:
3020:
3012:
3007:
2999:
2994:
2986:
2981:
2972:
2971:
2966:
2953:
2943:
2926:
2850:
2816:
2796:
2755:
2721:
2694:
2593:
2559:
2539:
2480:
2453:
2335:
2298:
2275:
2192:
2158:
2083:
1827:
1777:
1757:
1743:Horusornithidae
1730:
1728:Accipitriformes
1713:
1700:
1686:Accipitriformes
1676:
1478:
1429:Teratornithidae
1420:
1384:
1371:
1333:
1322:
1285:
1275:
1263:. Vol. 2.
1250:
1244:
1229:
1223:
1210:
1207:
1202:
1193:
1191:
1185:
1184:
1180:
1143:(37): 920–922.
1134:
1133:
1126:
1117:
1115:
1111:
1096:
1091:
1090:
1086:
1077:
1075:
1066:
1065:
1058:
1049:
1047:
1038:
1037:
1028:
1023:
1008:
1003:
986:
981:
968:
936:
935:
916:
907:
905:
901:
900:
896:
891:
884:
879:
870:
841:
840:
831:
813:
812:
808:
783:
782:
773:
768:
729:
724:
720:
710:
708:
676:
675:
671:
667:
647:
634:
593:
549:
456:are known: the
379:
273:
262:
207:
200:
194:
181:
161:
127:Accipitriformes
72:
64:
53:
49:
42:
17:
16:Species of bird
12:
11:
5:
3359:
3357:
3349:
3348:
3343:
3338:
3333:
3328:
3323:
3313:
3312:
3306:
3305:
3303:
3302:
3289:
3276:
3263:
3250:
3237:
3224:
3209:
3193:
3191:
3185:
3184:
3182:
3181:
3171:
3158:
3145:
3132:
3119:
3106:
3093:
3080:
3067:
3054:
3041:
3031:
3018:
3005:
2992:
2979:
2963:
2961:
2955:
2954:
2949:
2940:
2939:
2936:
2935:
2932:
2931:
2928:
2927:
2925:
2924:
2917:
2910:
2903:
2896:
2889:
2882:
2875:
2868:
2860:
2858:
2852:
2851:
2849:
2848:
2841:
2834:
2826:
2824:
2818:
2817:
2815:
2814:
2806:
2804:
2798:
2797:
2795:
2794:
2787:
2780:
2773:
2765:
2763:
2757:
2756:
2754:
2753:
2746:
2739:
2731:
2729:
2723:
2722:
2720:
2719:
2712:
2704:
2702:
2696:
2695:
2693:
2692:
2685:
2675:
2665:
2658:
2648:
2638:
2631:
2624:
2614:
2603:
2601:
2595:
2594:
2592:
2591:
2584:
2577:
2569:
2567:
2561:
2560:
2558:
2557:
2549:
2547:
2541:
2540:
2538:
2537:
2530:
2523:
2516:
2509:
2502:
2494:
2492:
2486:
2485:
2482:
2481:
2479:
2478:
2471:
2463:
2461:
2455:
2454:
2452:
2451:
2444:
2437:
2430:
2423:
2416:
2409:
2402:
2395:
2388:
2381:
2374:
2367:
2360:
2353:
2345:
2343:
2337:
2336:
2334:
2333:
2323:
2312:
2306:
2300:
2299:
2297:
2296:
2288:
2286:
2277:
2276:
2274:
2273:
2266:
2259:
2252:
2245:
2242:Lophotriorchis
2238:
2231:
2224:
2217:
2210:
2202:
2200:
2194:
2193:
2191:
2190:
2183:
2176:
2168:
2166:
2160:
2159:
2157:
2156:
2149:
2142:
2135:
2128:
2121:
2111:
2101:
2093:
2091:
2085:
2084:
2082:
2081:
2071:
2061:
2051:
2041:
2031:
2021:
2009:
1999:
1989:
1979:
1969:
1959:
1949:
1939:
1929:
1919:
1909:
1899:
1887:
1877:
1867:
1857:
1846:
1844:
1842:incertae sedis
1835:
1829:
1828:
1826:
1825:
1818:
1808:
1798:
1787:
1785:
1779:
1778:
1776:
1775:
1767:
1765:
1759:
1758:
1756:
1755:
1747:
1745:
1732:
1731:
1726:
1719:
1718:
1715:
1714:
1707:
1705:
1702:
1701:
1699:
1698:
1697:
1696:
1690:
1688:
1682:
1681:
1678:
1677:
1675:
1674:
1664:
1657:
1650:
1640:
1630:
1620:
1610:
1600:
1590:
1580:
1573:
1563:
1553:
1543:
1536:
1526:
1519:
1509:
1499:
1488:
1486:
1480:
1479:
1477:
1476:
1469:
1462:
1455:
1448:
1441:
1433:
1431:
1422:
1421:
1419:
1418:
1407:
1405:
1403:incertae sedis
1396:
1394:Cathartiformes
1386:
1385:
1380:
1373:
1372:
1370:
1369:
1363:
1357:
1351:
1345:
1338:
1335:
1334:
1323:
1321:
1320:
1313:
1306:
1298:
1292:
1291:
1284:
1283:External links
1281:
1280:
1279:
1273:
1248:
1242:
1227:
1221:
1206:
1203:
1201:
1200:
1178:
1124:
1084:
1056:
1026:
1006:
984:
966:
945:(2): 307–314.
914:
894:
882:
868:
857:(4): 591–638.
829:
806:
771:
727:
718:
668:
666:
663:
646:
643:
633:
630:
592:
589:
548:
545:
378:
375:
304:in the family
286:
285:
284:
283:
278:
267:
253:
252:
246:
245:
241:
240:
232:
231:
230:
229:
223:
214:
213:
209:
208:
201:
190:
189:
183:
182:
175:
173:
169:
168:
154:
150:
149:
144:
140:
139:
134:
130:
129:
124:
120:
119:
114:
110:
109:
104:
100:
99:
94:
90:
89:
84:
80:
79:
66:
65:
47:
44:
43:
38:
35:
34:
26:
25:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3358:
3347:
3344:
3342:
3339:
3337:
3334:
3332:
3329:
3327:
3324:
3322:
3319:
3318:
3316:
3299:
3294:
3290:
3286:
3281:
3277:
3273:
3268:
3264:
3260:
3255:
3251:
3247:
3242:
3238:
3234:
3229:
3225:
3220:
3214:
3210:
3205:
3199:
3195:
3194:
3192:
3190:
3186:
3178:
3172:
3168:
3163:
3159:
3155:
3150:
3146:
3142:
3137:
3133:
3129:
3124:
3120:
3116:
3111:
3107:
3103:
3098:
3094:
3090:
3085:
3081:
3077:
3072:
3068:
3064:
3059:
3055:
3051:
3046:
3042:
3038:
3032:
3028:
3023:
3019:
3015:
3010:
3006:
3002:
2997:
2993:
2989:
2984:
2980:
2975:
2969:
2965:
2964:
2962:
2960:
2956:
2952:
2947:
2923:
2922:
2918:
2916:
2915:
2911:
2909:
2908:
2904:
2902:
2901:
2897:
2895:
2894:
2890:
2888:
2887:
2883:
2881:
2880:
2876:
2874:
2873:
2872:Chondrohierax
2869:
2867:
2866:
2862:
2861:
2859:
2857:
2853:
2847:
2846:
2842:
2840:
2839:
2835:
2833:
2832:
2828:
2827:
2825:
2823:
2819:
2813:
2812:
2808:
2807:
2805:
2803:
2802:Lophospizinae
2799:
2793:
2792:
2788:
2786:
2785:
2784:Macheiramphus
2781:
2779:
2778:
2774:
2772:
2771:
2767:
2766:
2764:
2762:
2758:
2752:
2751:
2747:
2745:
2744:
2740:
2738:
2737:
2733:
2732:
2730:
2728:
2724:
2718:
2717:
2713:
2711:
2710:
2706:
2705:
2703:
2701:
2697:
2691:
2690:
2686:
2684:
2683:
2676:
2674:
2673:
2666:
2664:
2663:
2659:
2657:
2656:
2649:
2647:
2646:
2639:
2637:
2636:
2632:
2630:
2629:
2625:
2623:
2622:
2615:
2613:
2612:
2605:
2604:
2602:
2600:
2596:
2590:
2589:
2585:
2583:
2582:
2578:
2576:
2575:
2571:
2570:
2568:
2566:
2562:
2556:
2555:
2551:
2550:
2548:
2546:
2542:
2536:
2535:
2531:
2529:
2528:
2524:
2522:
2521:
2517:
2515:
2514:
2510:
2508:
2507:
2506:Dryotriorchis
2503:
2501:
2500:
2496:
2495:
2493:
2491:
2487:
2477:
2476:
2472:
2470:
2469:
2465:
2464:
2462:
2460:
2456:
2450:
2449:
2445:
2443:
2442:
2438:
2436:
2435:
2431:
2429:
2428:
2424:
2422:
2421:
2417:
2415:
2414:
2410:
2408:
2407:
2403:
2401:
2400:
2396:
2394:
2393:
2389:
2387:
2386:
2382:
2380:
2379:
2375:
2373:
2372:
2368:
2366:
2365:
2361:
2359:
2358:
2354:
2352:
2351:
2347:
2346:
2344:
2342:
2338:
2332:
2331:
2324:
2322:
2321:
2314:
2313:
2310:
2307:
2305:
2301:
2295:
2294:
2290:
2289:
2287:
2285:
2278:
2272:
2271:
2270:Stephanoaetus
2267:
2265:
2264:
2260:
2258:
2257:
2253:
2251:
2250:
2246:
2244:
2243:
2239:
2237:
2236:
2232:
2230:
2229:
2225:
2223:
2222:
2218:
2216:
2215:
2211:
2209:
2208:
2204:
2203:
2201:
2199:
2195:
2189:
2188:
2187:Megatriorchis
2184:
2182:
2181:
2177:
2175:
2174:
2170:
2169:
2167:
2165:
2161:
2155:
2154:
2150:
2148:
2147:
2143:
2141:
2140:
2136:
2134:
2133:
2129:
2127:
2126:
2122:
2120:
2119:
2112:
2110:
2109:
2102:
2100:
2099:
2095:
2094:
2092:
2090:
2086:
2080:
2079:
2072:
2070:
2069:
2062:
2060:
2059:
2052:
2050:
2049:
2042:
2040:
2039:
2032:
2030:
2029:
2022:
2019:
2018:
2010:
2008:
2007:
2006:Palaeoplancus
2000:
1998:
1997:
1990:
1988:
1987:
1980:
1978:
1977:
1970:
1968:
1967:
1960:
1958:
1957:
1950:
1948:
1947:
1940:
1938:
1937:
1930:
1928:
1927:
1920:
1918:
1917:
1916:Gigantohierax
1910:
1908:
1907:
1900:
1897:
1896:
1888:
1886:
1885:
1878:
1876:
1875:
1868:
1866:
1865:
1858:
1856:
1855:
1848:
1847:
1845:
1843:
1839:
1836:
1834:
1830:
1824:
1823:
1819:
1817:
1816:
1815:Pelargopappus
1809:
1807:
1806:
1799:
1797:
1796:
1789:
1788:
1786:
1784:
1783:Sagittariidae
1780:
1774:
1773:
1769:
1768:
1766:
1764:
1760:
1754:
1753:
1749:
1748:
1746:
1744:
1737:
1733:
1729:
1724:
1720:
1711:
1694:
1693:
1692:
1691:
1689:
1687:
1683:
1673:
1672:
1665:
1663:
1662:
1658:
1656:
1655:
1651:
1649:
1648:
1641:
1639:
1638:
1637:Pleistovultur
1631:
1629:
1628:
1621:
1619:
1618:
1611:
1609:
1608:
1601:
1599:
1598:
1591:
1589:
1588:
1581:
1579:
1578:
1574:
1572:
1571:
1564:
1562:
1561:
1554:
1552:
1551:
1544:
1542:
1541:
1537:
1535:
1534:
1533:Cathartidarum
1527:
1525:
1524:
1520:
1518:
1517:
1510:
1508:
1507:
1500:
1498:
1497:
1490:
1489:
1487:
1485:
1481:
1475:
1474:
1470:
1468:
1467:
1463:
1461:
1460:
1456:
1454:
1453:
1449:
1447:
1446:
1442:
1440:
1439:
1435:
1434:
1432:
1430:
1423:
1417:
1416:
1409:
1408:
1406:
1404:
1400:
1397:
1395:
1391:
1387:
1383:
1378:
1374:
1368:
1364:
1362:
1358:
1356:
1352:
1350:
1346:
1344:
1340:
1339:
1336:
1331:
1327:
1319:
1314:
1312:
1307:
1305:
1300:
1299:
1296:
1290:
1287:
1286:
1282:
1276:
1270:
1266:
1262:
1261:
1255:
1249:
1245:
1239:
1235:
1234:
1228:
1224:
1218:
1214:
1209:
1208:
1204:
1189:
1182:
1179:
1174:
1170:
1166:
1162:
1158:
1154:
1150:
1146:
1142:
1138:
1131:
1129:
1125:
1114:on 2012-03-31
1110:
1106:
1102:
1095:
1088:
1085:
1074:on 2015-11-17
1073:
1069:
1063:
1061:
1057:
1046:on 2015-10-07
1045:
1041:
1035:
1033:
1031:
1027:
1021:
1019:
1017:
1015:
1013:
1011:
1007:
1001:
999:
997:
995:
993:
991:
989:
985:
979:
977:
975:
973:
971:
967:
961:
956:
952:
948:
944:
940:
933:
931:
929:
927:
925:
923:
921:
919:
915:
904:
898:
895:
889:
887:
883:
877:
875:
873:
869:
864:
860:
856:
852:
848:
844:
838:
836:
834:
830:
825:
821:
817:
810:
807:
802:
798:
794:
792:
791:Dryotriorchis
786:
780:
778:
776:
772:
766:
764:
762:
760:
758:
756:
754:
752:
750:
748:
746:
744:
742:
740:
738:
736:
734:
732:
728:
722:
719:
706:
701:
697:
693:
692:
687:
685:
679:
673:
670:
664:
662:
660:
656:
652:
651:Least Concern
644:
642:
640:
631:
629:
627:
623:
619:
615:
611:
607:
597:
590:
588:
586:
580:
578:
574:
570:
567:
563:
553:
546:
544:
542:
538:
534:
529:
525:
517:
513:
509:
507:
503:
502:Dryotriorchis
499:
495:
491:
490:
484:
482:
478:
474:
470:
466:
462:
459:
455:
451:
450:
445:
441:
440:
435:
434:
429:
428:
423:
419:
418:Dryotriorchis
415:
414:Dryotriorchis
411:
408:
404:
400:
396:
392:
388:
384:
376:
374:
372:
371:Least Concern
366:
364:
360:
356:
352:
348:
344:
341:
337:
333:
329:
325:
324:
319:
318:
317:Dryotriorchis
314:
311:
307:
303:
299:
298:
293:
282:
279:
271:
268:
260:
257:
256:
254:
251:
247:
242:
238:
233:
227:
224:
221:
218:
217:
215:
210:
205:
199:
197:
191:
188:
187:Binomial name
184:
180:
179:
174:
171:
170:
165:
160:
159:
158:Dryotriorchis
155:
152:
151:
148:
145:
142:
141:
138:
135:
132:
131:
128:
125:
122:
121:
118:
115:
112:
111:
108:
105:
102:
101:
98:
95:
92:
91:
88:
85:
82:
81:
76:
71:
67:
61:
56:
55:Least Concern
45:
41:
36:
32:
27:
22:
19:
3188:
2958:
2919:
2914:Lophoictinia
2912:
2905:
2900:Henicopernis
2898:
2891:
2884:
2877:
2870:
2863:
2845:Urotriorchis
2843:
2836:
2829:
2822:Melieraxinae
2809:
2789:
2782:
2775:
2768:
2750:Microspizias
2748:
2741:
2734:
2714:
2707:
2700:Haliaeetinae
2689:Polyboroides
2687:
2680:
2672:Neophrontops
2670:
2660:
2653:
2643:
2633:
2626:
2619:
2609:
2586:
2579:
2572:
2552:
2532:
2525:
2520:Pithecophaga
2518:
2511:
2504:
2497:
2473:
2466:
2446:
2439:
2432:
2425:
2420:Morphnarchus
2418:
2413:Leucopternis
2411:
2404:
2399:Helicolestes
2397:
2390:
2383:
2376:
2369:
2362:
2355:
2348:
2330:Garganoaetus
2328:
2318:
2293:Archaehierax
2291:
2268:
2261:
2254:
2247:
2240:
2233:
2226:
2219:
2212:
2205:
2185:
2178:
2171:
2164:Accipitrinae
2151:
2144:
2137:
2130:
2123:
2116:
2106:
2096:
2076:
2068:Titanohierax
2066:
2056:
2046:
2036:
2026:
2015:
2004:
1996:Palaeocircus
1994:
1984:
1976:Palaeohierax
1974:
1964:
1954:
1944:
1934:
1924:
1914:
1904:
1893:
1882:
1872:
1862:
1852:
1841:
1833:Accipitridae
1820:
1813:
1803:
1793:
1770:
1750:
1669:
1659:
1654:Sarcoramphus
1652:
1645:
1635:
1625:
1615:
1605:
1595:
1585:
1575:
1568:
1558:
1550:Diatropornis
1548:
1538:
1531:
1521:
1514:
1504:
1494:
1471:
1464:
1457:
1452:Cathartornis
1450:
1443:
1436:
1413:
1402:
1264:
1258:
1232:
1212:
1192:. Retrieved
1181:
1140:
1136:
1116:. Retrieved
1109:the original
1104:
1100:
1087:
1076:. Retrieved
1072:the original
1048:. Retrieved
1044:the original
942:
938:
906:. Retrieved
897:
854:
850:
823:
819:
809:
800:
796:
790:
721:
711:15 September
709:. Retrieved
695:
689:
683:
672:
648:
635:
616:is found in
614:D. s. batesi
613:
608:is found in
605:
602:
581:
576:
573:D. s. batesi
572:
571:
561:
558:
541:D. s. batesi
540:
536:
521:
501:
497:
494:paraphyletic
487:
485:
472:
469:D. s. batesi
468:
465:D. s. batesi
464:
460:
447:
437:
431:
425:
417:
413:
394:
386:
380:
367:
355:D. s. batesi
354:
350:
346:
342:
330:, including
321:
316:
315:
306:Accipitridae
302:bird of prey
296:
295:
291:
289:
280:
269:
258:
226:D. s. batesi
225:
219:
195:
193:
177:
176:
157:
156:
137:Accipitridae
18:
3326:Circaetinae
3254:iNaturalist
3213:Wikispecies
3097:iNaturalist
2886:Eutriorchis
2716:Icthyophaga
2682:Palaeoborus
2645:Mioneophron
2621:Arikarornis
2574:Chelictinia
2534:Terathopius
2513:Eutriorchis
2490:Circaetinae
2392:Geranospiza
2385:Geranoaetus
2371:Buteogallus
2153:Trigonoceps
2132:Necrosyrtes
2078:Vinchinavis
1946:Mioaegypius
1906:Dynatoaetus
1895:Cruschedula
1822:Sagittarius
1763:Pandionidae
1695:See below ↓
1506:Brasilogyps
1484:Cathartidae
1466:Taubatornis
1205:Cited texts
960:10261/34063
803:(3): 90–91.
547:Description
498:Terathopius
481:G. L. Bates
433:Terathopius
276:, 1904
265:, 1863
212:Subspecies
147:Circaetinae
143:Subfamily:
3315:Categories
3293:Xeno-canto
2893:Hamirostra
2838:Micronisus
2811:Lophospiza
2777:Harpyopsis
2743:Kaupifalco
2727:Harpaginae
2709:Haliaeetus
2635:Gypohierax
2599:Gypaetinae
2441:Rostrhamus
2434:Pseudastur
2350:Busarellus
2304:Buteoninae
2256:Polemaetus
2228:Ictinaetus
2221:Hieraaetus
2108:Cryptogyps
2089:Aegypiinae
2038:Proictinia
1986:Palaeastur
1926:Gobihierax
1854:Amplibuteo
1795:Amanuensis
1752:Horusornis
1617:Phasmagyps
1570:Geronogyps
1496:Aizenogyps
1473:Teratornis
1445:Argentavis
1361:Telluraves
1324:Genera of
1194:2011-11-15
1118:2011-11-09
1078:2011-11-08
1050:2011-11-08
908:2022-08-24
826:: 157–163.
665:References
659:sq mi
639:chameleons
626:sq mi
583:that of a
518:morphology
454:subspecies
401:. In 1874
3246:157340711
3204:Q27074627
2879:Elanoides
2761:Harpiinae
2611:Anchigyps
2588:Gampsonyx
2527:Spilornis
2499:Circaetus
2468:Haliastur
2427:Parabuteo
2341:Buteonini
2263:Spizaetus
2235:Lophaetus
2198:Aquilinae
2173:Accipiter
2139:Sarcogyps
2118:Gansugyps
2058:Qiluornis
1966:Necrastur
1956:Miohierax
1936:Milvoides
1884:Aviraptor
1864:Aquilavus
1671:Wingegyps
1607:Pampagyps
1587:Hadrogyps
1577:Gymnogyps
1523:Cathartes
1459:Oscaravis
1438:Aiolornis
1341:Kingdom:
789:"Note on
508:in 2022.
489:Circaetus
439:Spilornis
427:Circaetus
407:monotypic
351:Circaetus
323:Circaetus
310:monotypic
172:Species:
93:Kingdom:
87:Eukaryota
3198:Wikidata
3162:Species+
3141:22695330
3115:10588361
3027:22695330
3022:BirdLife
2974:Q1061063
2968:Wikidata
2907:Leptodon
2856:Perninae
2831:Melierax
2791:Morphnus
2736:Harpagus
2662:Neophron
2628:Gypaetus
2565:Elaninae
2545:Circinae
2448:Rupornis
2357:Butastur
2320:Bermuteo
2249:Nisaetus
2098:Aegypius
2048:Promilio
2017:Palaetus
1647:Pliogyps
1627:Perugyps
1560:Dryornis
1540:Coragyps
1516:Breagyps
1349:Chordata
1347:Phylum:
1343:Animalia
851:The Ibis
797:The Ibis
787:(1874).
680:(2016).
449:Nisaetus
399:goshawks
377:Taxonomy
263:Schlegel
250:Synonyms
204:Schlegel
133:Family:
107:Chordata
103:Phylum:
97:Animalia
83:Domain:
60:IUCN 3.1
3233:1047580
3177:2326902
3089:2480724
3063:coseag1
3037:coseag1
3009:Avibase
2865:Aviceda
2655:Neogyps
2459:Milvini
2406:Ictinia
2028:Pengana
1772:Pandion
1365:Clade:
1359:Clade:
1353:Class:
1330:condors
1173:8034443
1165:5033635
1145:Bibcode
1137:Science
533:mobbing
363:mimicry
206:, 1863)
164:Shelley
153:Genus:
123:Order:
113:Class:
58: (
3341:Eagles
3272:321106
3174:uBio:
3154:327094
3128:175510
3071:EURING
2996:ARKive
2921:Pernis
2770:Harpia
2581:Elanus
2554:Circus
2475:Milvus
2214:Clanga
2207:Aquila
2146:Torgos
1661:Vultur
1597:Kuntur
1326:eagles
1271:
1240:
1219:
1171:
1163:
585:turaco
516:Syrinx
452:. Two
444:syrinx
442:. The
391:Elmina
274:Sharpe
166:, 1874
3285:73178
3110:IRMNG
3076:31810
3058:eBird
3050:37Y8T
3034:BOW:
2364:Buteo
1169:S2CID
1112:(PDF)
1097:(PDF)
528:mimic
475:, by
430:than
422:Greek
410:genus
332:upper
313:genus
3267:NCBI
3259:5399
3241:GBIF
3167:9248
3136:IUCN
3123:ITIS
3102:5399
3084:GBIF
2125:Gyps
1355:Aves
1269:ISBN
1238:ISBN
1217:ISBN
1161:PMID
939:Ibis
824:1903
713:2024
696:2016
566:beak
463:and
345:and
334:and
290:The
117:Aves
3228:EoL
3045:CoL
2983:ADW
1153:doi
1141:176
955:hdl
947:doi
943:150
859:doi
700:doi
385:as
3317::
3295::
3282::
3269::
3256::
3243::
3230::
3215::
3200::
3164::
3151::
3138::
3125::
3112::
3099::
3086::
3073::
3060::
3047::
3024::
3011::
2998::
2985::
2970::
1898:"?
1328:,
1167:.
1159:.
1151:.
1139:.
1127:^
1105:85
1103:.
1099:.
1059:^
1029:^
1009:^
987:^
969:^
953:.
941:.
917:^
885:^
871:^
855:46
853:.
849:.
832:^
822:.
818:.
801:IV
799:.
795:.
774:^
730:^
694:.
688:.
587:.
467:.
416:.
412:,
2678:†
2668:†
2651:†
2641:†
2617:†
2607:†
2326:†
2316:†
2281:†
2114:†
2104:†
2074:†
2064:†
2054:†
2044:†
2034:†
2024:†
2020:"
2014:"
2012:†
2002:†
1992:†
1982:†
1972:†
1962:†
1952:†
1942:†
1932:†
1922:†
1912:†
1902:†
1892:"
1890:†
1880:†
1870:†
1860:†
1850:†
1811:†
1801:†
1791:†
1740:†
1667:†
1643:†
1633:†
1623:†
1613:†
1603:†
1593:†
1583:†
1566:†
1556:†
1546:†
1529:†
1512:†
1502:†
1492:†
1426:†
1411:†
1317:e
1310:t
1303:v
1277:.
1246:.
1225:.
1197:.
1175:.
1155::
1147::
1121:.
1081:.
1053:.
963:.
957::
949::
911:.
865:.
861::
715:.
702::
686:"
682:"
294:(
202:(
62:)
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
