Knowledge (XXG)

Conquest of Évora

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One night in September or October 1165, Gerald and his men seized a watchtower located on a hill near Évora and killed the sentry, without the city's garrison noticing anything. A detachment then hid near the city, while another approached the gates to provoke the garrison. The alarm was raised and a
1826:
The men were ambushed, but they climbed the doors while the garrison was outside and conquered the city, with many residents dying in the action. The Muslim forces later returned, upon realizing that the city was now in the hands of the Portuguese. They still tried to recover it, however, in vain;
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When the Almohad Caliph invaded Portugal in 1191 at the head of a huge army, all Portuguese conquests south of the Tagus were lost with the exception of Évora, which remained a Christian enclave surrounded by Muslim territory. Alentejo would only be definitively conquered between 1217 and 1238.
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due to violent crimes, therefore fled from justice, gathered a group of marginal or outlaw warriors around him and gave himself up to a life of rustling cattle, villages and Muslim castles on the Alentejo plain, which would eventually allow him to obtain a royal pardon.
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Carlos Selvagem: Portugal Militar: Compêndio de História Militar e Naval de Portugal Desde as Origens do Estado Portucalense Até o Fim da Dinastia de Bragança, 1931, p. 57.
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of Évora. The following year, a new Order of knights settled in Évora to help defend the city but, as it was not authorized by the Pope, they were integrated into the
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in 1158, by the king of Portugal made the occupation of the interior Alentejo possible, if not inevitable. Évora was an important city in the west of the
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and was taken by the Portuguese shortly afterwards. However, the Almohads reconquered it in 1161, following the
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Barroca, Mário Jorge (2006). "Portugal". In Alan V. Murray (ed.). The Crusades: An Encyclopedia. pp. 979–984.
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to this Order, so that they could build a castle there to protect the road that connected Santarém to Évora.
1772:, together with all the conquests south of the Tagus except Alcácer do Sal. On November 30, 1162, a group of 1720: 1715: 1695: 1675: 1640: 1568: 1563: 1503: 1463: 1433: 1428: 1403: 1212: 1150: 1140: 998: 993: 953: 926: 911: 809: 779: 759: 739: 644: 614: 604: 552: 547: 472: 442: 432: 400: 365: 303: 293: 1645: 2074:
Grande enciclopédia portuguesa e brasileira: ilustrada com cêrca de 15.000 gravuras e 400 estampas a côres
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Castle to Fortress: Medieval to Post-Modern Fortifications in the Lands of the Former Roman Empire
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The Reconquest Kings of Portugal: Political and Cultural Reorientation on the Medieval Frontier
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in exchange for money and the king not only forgave him but also appointed him as
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H. V. Livermore: A History Of Portugal, Cambridge University Press, 1947, p. 99.
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convinced his soldiers to risk conquering the city through a surprise attack.
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Fiolhais, Carlos; Franco, José Eduardo; Paiva, José Pedro (2021-12-06).
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The Individuality of Portugal: A Study in Historical-Political Geography
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The Global History of Portugal: From Pre-History to the Modern World
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large contingent of Muslim troops quickly set out in their pursuit.
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Having on one occasion observed that Évora was poorly defended,
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Backwards Out of the Big World: A Voyage Into Portugal
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Effigy of Gerald the Fearless in Évora's Cathedral.
2115:Kaufmann, J. E.; Kaufmann, H. W. (2019-07-30). 18: 2077:(in Portuguese). Editorial Enciclopédia. 1959. 1752:and definitively integrated into his Kingdom. 73:Definitive conquest of Évora by the Christians 1358: 180: 8: 1760:The conquest of the important port city of 2094:. University of Texas Press. p. 175. 1365: 1351: 1343: 187: 173: 165: 15: 2011:A arte da guerra em Portugal: 1245 a 1367 1850:, which thus entered Portugal. In 1176, 2208:Battles involving the Almohad Caliphate 2061:. CUP Archive. 1947-01-19. p. 103. 1912: 1784:during the night, in the same way that 1479:Southern and Central Iberia (1172-1212) 1827:some died in action and abandoned it. 1794:suffered the displeasure of the king 7: 2033: 2031: 2008:Martins, Miguel Gomes (2014-06-01). 1981: 1979: 1977: 1975: 1973: 1971: 1969: 14: 1987:The History of Spain and Portugal 2088:Stanislawski, Dan (2014-11-11). 1873:by an Almohad army commanded by 1788:had conquered Santarém in 1147. 123: 105: 88: 1875:Mohammed Ibn Iusuf Ibn Wammudin 1865:Cross of the Order of Calatrava 2175:. HarperCollins. p. 171. 2148:. Liverpool University Press. 1989:, Volume 3, 1832, pp. 184-185. 1736:in 1165 was an episode of the 1: 1376:Moroccan–Portuguese conflicts 1748:was then handed over to the 1896:Portugal in the Reconquista 1891:Portugal in the Middle Ages 1256:Post-Reconquista Rebellions 2239: 2213:Battles involving Portugal 1544:Las Navas de Tolosa (1212) 2223:Battles involving Morocco 1952:. Springer. p. 127. 1936:, volume I, 1846, p. 397. 1923:, volume I, 1846, p. 402. 1871:city was besieged in 1181 1384: 361:2nd San Esteban de Gormaz 356:1st San Esteban de Gormaz 207: 150: 137: 117: 81: 31: 23: 1838:handed the city over to 1770:Battle of Alcácer do Sal 19:Conquest of Évora (1165) 1946:Lay, S. (2008-11-28). 1901:Battle of Évora (1808) 1866: 1819: 118:Commanders and leaders 2169:Hyland, Paul (1996). 2058:A history of portugal 1932:Alexandre Herculano: 1919:Alexandre Herculano: 1864: 1817: 1701:Alcácer Quibir (1578) 1606:Ksar es-Seghir (1458) 1549:Alcácer do Sal (1217) 1529:Alcácer do Sal (1191) 1449:Alcácer do Sal (1161) 351:Pallars and Ribagorza 151:Casualties and losses 1934:História de Portugal 1921:História de Portugal 1854:donated the town of 1840:Afonso I of Portugal 1750:Afonso I of Portugal 1494:Cabo Espichel (1180) 1238:2nd Granada campaign 635:2nd Balearic Islands 610:1st Balearic Islands 1792:Gerald the Fearless 1742:Gerald the Fearless 1651:Castelo Real (1510) 1574:Algeciras (1342–44) 1554:Algarve (1238-1249) 917:Las Navas de Tolosa 129:Gerald the Fearless 94:Kingdom of Portugal 1985:Samuel A. Dunham: 1867: 1848:Order of Calatrava 1820: 1111:Shepherds' Crusade 922:3rd Alcácer do Sal 885:2nd Alcácer do Sal 795:1st Alcácer do Sal 284:2nd Roncevaux Pass 222:1st Roncevaux Pass 63:Portuguese victory 2218:Conflicts in 1165 2182:978-0-00-255556-2 2155:978-1-80207-133-7 2128:978-1-5267-3688-8 2121:. Pen and Sword. 2101:978-1-4773-0509-6 2021:978-989-26-0695-8 1959:978-0-230-58313-9 1766:Iberian Peninsula 1734:Conquest of Évora 1729: 1728: 1666:Boulaouane (1514) 1611:Tangier (1463–64) 1569:Guadalmesí (1342) 1340: 1339: 518:Almodóvar del Río 163: 162: 112:Almohad Caliphate 77: 76: 2230: 2187: 2186: 2166: 2160: 2159: 2139: 2133: 2132: 2112: 2106: 2105: 2085: 2079: 2078: 2069: 2063: 2062: 2053: 2047: 2044: 2038: 2035: 2026: 2025: 2005: 1999: 1996: 1990: 1983: 1964: 1963: 1943: 1937: 1930: 1924: 1917: 1671:Marrakesh (1515) 1394:Vatalandi (1110) 1379: 1377: 1367: 1360: 1353: 1344: 202: 189: 182: 175: 166: 127: 110: 109: 108: 92: 33: 32: 16: 2238: 2237: 2233: 2232: 2231: 2229: 2228: 2227: 2193: 2192: 2191: 2190: 2183: 2168: 2167: 2163: 2156: 2141: 2140: 2136: 2129: 2114: 2113: 2109: 2102: 2087: 2086: 2082: 2071: 2070: 2066: 2055: 2054: 2050: 2045: 2041: 2036: 2029: 2022: 2007: 2006: 2002: 1997: 1993: 1984: 1967: 1960: 1945: 1944: 1940: 1931: 1927: 1918: 1914: 1909: 1887: 1833: 1812: 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183: 178: 176: 171: 170: 167: 158: 155: 154: 149: 145: 142: 141: 136: 132: 130: 126: 122: 121: 116: 113: 103: 98: 97: 96: 95: 91: 86: 85: 80: 72: 67: 66: 62: 59: 58: 54: 50: 46: 43: 42: 38: 35: 34: 30: 27: 22: 17: 2171: 2164: 2144: 2137: 2117: 2110: 2090: 2083: 2073: 2067: 2057: 2051: 2042: 2010: 2003: 1994: 1986: 1948: 1941: 1933: 1928: 1920: 1915: 1879: 1868: 1843: 1834: 1825: 1821: 1810:The Conquest 1804:the Fearless 1801: 1790: 1759: 1740:launched by 1733: 1731: 1641:Targa (1490) 1596:Ceuta (1419) 1591:Ceuta (1415) 1586:Ceuta (1182) 1524:Tomar (1190) 1499:Évora (1181) 1459:Évora (1165) 1458: 1429:Soure (1144) 1274:North Africa 1192:15th century 1080:14th century 984:4th Valencia 906:13th century 860:4th Santarém 820:3rd Santarém 804: 760:2nd Santarém 680:3rd Valencia 650:2nd Zaragoza 630:1st Santarém 565:2nd Valencia 559:12th century 523:1st Valencia 488:1st Zaragoza 407:11th century 391:Torrevicente 335:10th century 232:Orbieu River 227:Burbia River 197: 87: 82:Belligerents 24:Part of the 1738:Reconquista 1616:Anfa (1468) 1559:Faro (1249) 1332:2nd Tangier 1317:1st Tangier 1176:2nd Montiel 1096:3rd Almería 1014:3rd Seville 942:2nd Majorca 845:2nd Seville 810:2nd Badajoz 790:2nd Almería 780:2nd Tortosa 750:1st Almería 735:1st Montiel 690:1st Badajoz 665:1st Granada 418:Calatañazor 346:1st Majorca 299:Guadalacete 274:1st Tortosa 263:9th century 211:8th century 199:Reconquista 68:Territorial 26:Reconquista 2197:Categories 1907:References 1780:conquered 1756:Background 1198:Collejares 1186:2nd Murcia 1151:Guadalmesí 1141:Río Salado 1039:1st Murcia 999:2nd Xàtiva 994:1st Xàtiva 890:2nd Silves 875:2nd Silves 870:1st Silves 785:2nd Lleida 770:5th Lisbon 730:4th Lisbon 660:1st Lleida 620:Candespina 615:6th Toledo 600:Formentera 590:3rd Lisbon 570:Mollerussa 553:5th Toledo 548:4th Toledo 528:2nd Lisbon 513:3rd Toledo 483:2nd Toledo 371:1st Toledo 314:Polvoraria 257:1st Lisbon 247:Río Quirós 242:Las Babias 1831:Aftermath 1312:4nd Ceuta 1302:3nd Ceuta 1295:2nd Ceuta 1290:1st Ceuta 1203:Antequera 1054:Andalusia 1034:3rd Jerez 1024:2nd Jerez 959:1st Jerez 932:Peníscola 900:Talamanca 855:2nd Évora 840:Calatrava 830:Tarragona 815:Juromenha 805:1st Évora 755:Al-Ludjdj 725:2nd Coria 705:1st Coria 640:Martorell 625:Vatalandi 543:Consuegra 463:Golpejera 448:Barbastro 386:Estercuel 217:Covadonga 1885:See also 1852:Afonso I 1796:Afonso I 1786:Afonso I 1778:Santarém 1146:Estepona 1074:Iznalloz 1009:3rd Jaén 969:Burriana 954:2nd Jaén 927:1st Jaén 912:Al-Dāmūs 850:Abrantes 745:Albacete 720:Trancoso 595:Talavera 575:Balaguer 493:Sagrajas 458:Llantada 381:Simancas 376:Alhandic 309:Morcuera 279:Pancorbo 138:Strength 53:Portugal 44:Location 1856:Coruche 1844:alcaide 1580:Morocco 1327:Melilla 1307:Tétouan 1166:Linuesa 1136:Getares 989:Algarve 979:El Puig 974:Córdoba 947:Portopí 895:Alarcos 800:Palmela 775:Sacavém 765:Sacavém 710:Ourique 670:Corbins 655:Cutanda 645:Coimbra 533:Alcoraz 478:Morella 453:Paterna 443:Coimbra 413:Cervera 294:Albelda 289:Clavijo 159:Unknown 156:Unknown 146:Unknown 143:Unknown 133:Unknown 70:changes 2179:  2152:  2125:  2098:  2018:  1956:  1836:Gerald 1388:Iberia 1322:Asilah 1285:Strait 1248:Málaga 1243:Lucena 1171:Guadix 1069:Moclín 1049:Martos 835:Cuenca 700:Leiria 675:Alcalá 538:Bairén 498:Tudela 428:Albesa 252:Oviedo 60:Result 2203:Évora 1776:from 1746:Évora 1044:Écija 880:Tomar 865:Alvor 740:Soure 715:Oreja 695:Fraga 685:Aceca 605:Ibiza 580:Uclés 508:Aledo 503:Tévar 468:Cabra 438:Graus 396:Rueda 237:Lutos 49:Évora 2177:ISBN 2150:ISBN 2123:ISBN 2096:ISBN 2016:ISBN 1954:ISBN 1869:The 1782:Beja 1732:The 1280:Salé 1116:Teba 1019:Faro 1004:Biar 964:Ares 423:Torà 39:1165 36:Date 2199:: 2030:^ 1968:^ 51:, 2185:. 2158:. 2131:. 2104:. 2024:. 1962:. 1366:e 1359:t 1352:v 188:e 181:t 174:v

Index

Reconquista
Évora
Portugal

Kingdom of Portugal
Almohad Caliphate

Gerald the Fearless
v
t
e
Reconquista
Covadonga
1st Roncevaux Pass
Burbia River
Orbieu River
Lutos
Las Babias
Río Quirós
Oviedo
1st Lisbon
1st Barcelona
1st Tortosa
Pancorbo
2nd Roncevaux Pass
Clavijo
Albelda
Guadalacete
Monte Laturce
Morcuera

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