81:
2081:
2134:
2035:
1812:
1736:
1660:
106:
94:
1600:; SC 48 lost nine ships of 51,093 tons, while the escort lost two ships sunk and or damaged; no U-boats were lost. Some of the losses, in the face of a large and powerful escort force, can be attributed to Captain Thebaud's inexperience in convoy escort duty. This, and other cases, led to the practice of leaving the escort group commander of the convoy in charge of its defence, regardless of seniority; a major break with tradition. The attack on
1964:
1926:
1888:
1850:
1774:
1698:
1328:
After midnight on 15/16 October, SC 48 made an emergency turn to port, followed before dawn by a turn to starboard, in an attempt to shake off pursuit. This was initially successful, but the pack regained contact in the afternoon of 16 October and again closed in.
1371:. As senior officer present, Thebaud assumed command of the escorts. Though he had seniority, Thebaud had little experience in escort work, and a number of mistakes were made allowing the U-boats to mount a successful attack that night.
1011:. This was the point at which North Atlantic convoys were handed over between the Ocean and the Western Approaches escorts at this stage of the Atlantic campaign. Initially the group was composed of four boats :
2442:
1576:
SC 48 continued without further loss, the 31 ships arriving at
Liverpool on 22 October 1941. The 11 stragglers which had become separated in the storm on 10 October had been gathered up by
2437:
205:
261:
2432:
1168:) and was ordered to shadow, whilst other U-boats were gathered for the attack. However Thurmann chose to attack that night, and succeeded in sinking two ships,
234:
1817:
1741:
1665:
198:
1588:
and with just two corvettes as escort this group was able to make the crossing without interference, arriving in
Britain 10 days after the main body.
1207:
realized a major attack was building; a number of escorts from nearby convoys were diverted to reinforce SC 48. First a force of US destroyers (
191:
256:
2387:
2368:
2349:
2330:
1556:, which had never completely formed, was dissolved, the remaining boats being sent west to form a new patrol line off the coast of
1425:
was severely damaged, with 11 killed and 22 wounded, but was saved by effort of the crew. She was detached to
Iceland, escorted by
1332:
Also in the afternoon of 16 October, the first reinforcements arrived, in the form of DesRon 13. This comprised the destroyers
229:
1053:
were also ordered to join the group. In addition the following boats sailing from France were sent as reinforcement :
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1066:
1012:
1060:
1054:
411:
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1131:
was also separated by the storm and out of radio contact. On 14 October SC 48's escort comprised just four corvettes;
781:
360:
1472:
1316:
then detached to pick up survivors, but never rejoined the convoy; she was lost with all hands, reportedly sunk by
1204:
244:
2209:
818:
274:
1165:
993:
2094:
1008:
800:
506:
416:
404:
239:
1374:
During the night of 16/17 October the pack attacked, closing in with little interference from the escorts.
1289:
sailing independently ; she was sunk with the loss of all 73 crew and 32 passengers. Before nightfall
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1981:
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1905:
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1791:
1753:
1715:
1677:
1347:
1084:
1078:
1072:
1048:
1042:
1036:
1030:
1024:
1018:
879:
842:
805:
749:
389:
215:
1549:, causing her mortal damage; she remained afloat for another 12 hours, but had to be abandoned and sunk.
2048:
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744:
734:
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568:
528:
516:
331:
2412:
2147:
1508:
1333:
1212:
1097:
937:
931:
769:
764:
759:
472:
2025:
1515:
1501:
1476:
986:
965:
913:
890:
774:
138:
111:
2124:
2086:
1545:
On the night of 17/18 October the pack tried again; all attacks were repelled but U-101 fired on
1233:
1219:
835:
600:
2383:
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1529:
made a determined attack on a contact and claimed a kill, but no U-boat loss was confirmed. A
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on 12/13 October left SC 48 in the dark; and on the night of 14/15 October it was sighted by
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1487:
702:
583:
296:
251:
951:
1200:
868:
795:
126:
53:
1525:
The pack was still in contact, but all further attacks were frustrated by the escort.
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SC 48 was an east-bound convoy of 52 ships, carrying war materials and sailed from
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group departed at this point, being low on fuel; also DesRon 13 left to follow
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At this point in time SC 48 was in some disarray; 11 of its ships, including
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2104:
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1537:
which was damaged, but continued to shadow until the attack was called off.
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934:
917:
1296:
As darkness fell on the night of 15/16 October the U-boats attacked again.
2051:
1360:(Capt L Thebaud). These were joined later by Thebaud's fifth destroyer,
1115:, were straggling following heavy weather on the night of 9/10 October.
947:
901:
123:
1969:
1931:
1893:
1855:
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1703:
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from ON 25. With this reinforcement further attacks were warded off.
1208:
871:
183:
1417:
stopped to avoid a collision with a corvette, and was torpedoed by
1184:, the next ship in the column, which attempted to ram, but failed;
501:
1560:. The remaining boats were moved east to form a new patrol line,
1096:, and started to divert the convoys then at sea, but a loss of
187:
1394:
was attacked and sunk as she stopped to pick up survivors and
1604:
and the loss of
American lives was seen as an affront to the
930:
It was escorted by a
Canadian escort group consisting of the
1436:
In the early hours of 17 October more warships arrived: HMS
2443:
Naval battles of World War II involving the United
Kingdom
1273:, who attacked her, driving her away, but with no damage;
920:. It was under the command of Commodore HM Sanders in the
1293:
also arrived, and the three boats prepared to attack.
943:(Lt Cdr SW Davis as Senior Officer Escort), and seven
1211:
13), detached from ON 24; two Royal Navy destroyers (
1192:, but she was unable to bring her gun to bear before
1127:, were detached looking for them. A third corvette,
1092:
Allied intelligence became aware of the presence of
1552:On 18 October BdU ordered the attack discontinued.
1471:At dawn on 17 October the convoy was joined by its
16:
Convoy during naval battles of the Second World War
1007:was formed in the area south of Iceland near the
23:
2438:Naval battles of World War II involving Canada
1320:on the 17th, but more probably much earlier.
1160:In the early hours of 15 October Thurmann of
889:It was notable for being the occasion of the
199:
8:
1514:), with two trawlers and a rescue ship. The
1398:was also sunk as she slowed to do the same.
2323:Hitler's U-Boat War : The Hunters 1939-1942
1995:
1624:
206:
192:
184:
20:
2276:
2274:
2272:
1225:) from TC 14; two Royal Navy corvettes (
2172:
1269:continued to shadow, she was sighted by
1164:reported his contact to U-boat Command (
2262:
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2258:
2245:
2175:
2004:
2001:
1998:
1633:
1630:
1627:
1596:This was undoubtedly a victory for the
2433:North Atlantic convoys of World War II
2380:Chronology of the War at Sea 1939–1945
2007:
1639:
1636:
1479:as SOE), comprising four destroyers (
7:
1285:joined, having encountered the ship
1463:remain in contact with the convoy.
2378:Rohwer, J.; Hummelchen, G (1992).
2361:The Allied Convoy System 1939–1945
1608:, and was another step out of her
1239:) from ON 25; and a RCN corvette (
14:
1176:, most of whose crew were saved.
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1281:, which missed. During the day
2399:The War at Sea 1939–1945 Vol I
1584:. Led by Commodore Sanders in
1257:was joined by two more boats;
1:
1533:flying air cover also bombed
916:on 5 October 1941 bound for
900:one step closer to war with
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1475:escort. This was EG 3 (Cdr
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1172:, which lost 21 crew, and
1119:and two of the corvettes,
2397:Roskill, Stephen (1954).
2382:. Naval Institute Press.
2342:Donitz and the Wolf Packs
2340:Edwards, Bernard (1996).
1413:Just after midnight, USS
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144:
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72:
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994:Free French Naval Forces
1009:Mid-Ocean Meeting Point
1003:On 9 October the group
2359:Hague, Arnold (2000).
1410:just before midnight.
1367:, accompanied by HMCS
1308:counter-attacked, and
880:battle of the Atlantic
118:Commanders and leaders
1390:about an hour later.
878:which ran during the
174:9 merchant ships sunk
164:Casualties and losses
2321:Blair, Clay (1998).
1507:) and one corvette (
1444:from TC 14, and HMS
1249:Later on 15 October
1203:was re-acquired and
1188:was also sighted by
896:, which brought the
133:SOE: Lt.Cdr SW Davis
2121:17/18 October 1941
2068:16/17 October 1941
2022:16/17 October 1941
1992:Allied warships hit
1952:16/17 October 1941
1914:16/17 October 1941
1876:16/17 October 1941
1838:16/17 October 1941
1800:16/17 October 1941
1762:16/17 October 1941
1724:15/16 October 1941
1686:14/15 October 1941
1648:14/15 October 1941
1277:fired a torpedo at
914:Sydney, Cape Breton
257:Blockade of Germany
112:Royal Canadian Navy
2413:SC 48 at convoyweb
2266:Blair, pp. 368–370
2087:United States Navy
1473:Western Approaches
1300:attacked and sank
1098:Ultra intelligence
44:14–18 October 1941
2418:SC 48 at uboatnet
2280:Edwards pp. 51–58
2252:Rohwer, pp. 90–91
2232:
2231:
2166:
2165:
1989:
1988:
1621:Allied ships sunk
1612:in World War II.
1477:J Baker-Cresswell
1457:U-73, U-77, U-101
1135:(as Acting SOE),
861:
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217:Atlantic campaign
182:
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178:1 warship damaged
139:J Baker-Cresswell
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1382:at about 8 PM.
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1106:Karl Thurmann
1103:
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898:United States
895:
893:
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885:
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846:
844:
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822:
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815:
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804:
802:
801:26 April 1944
799:
797:
794:
793:
792:
791:
783:
782:Bay of Biscay
780:
779:
778:
777:
773:
771:
770:SL 140/MKS 31
768:
766:
765:SL 139/MKS 30
763:
761:
760:SL 138/MKS 28
758:
756:
753:
751:
748:
746:
745:ONS 20/ON 206
743:
741:
738:
736:
735:ONS 18/ON 202
733:
731:
728:
724:
721:
719:
716:
714:
711:
709:
706:
705:
704:
701:
699:
696:
694:
693:HX 229/SC 122
691:
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664:
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629:
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491:
488:
486:
485:Torpedo Alley
483:
481:
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469:
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459:
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454:
452:
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235:United States
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32:
27:
22:
19:
2398:
2379:
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2341:
2322:
2315:Bibliography
2303:
2298:Rohwer, p.91
2294:
2289:Edwards p.55
2285:
2248:
2228:flying boat
2203:
2159:
2125:
2113:
2099:
2095:
2072:
2060:
2049:Flower-class
2026:
2005:Nationality
1982:
1955:
1944:
1917:
1906:
1879:
1868:
1841:
1830:
1803:
1792:
1766:Bold Venture
1765:
1754:
1728:Empire Heron
1727:
1716:
1689:
1678:
1651:
1634:Nationality
1601:
1595:
1585:
1581:
1577:
1575:
1561:
1553:
1551:
1546:
1544:
1534:
1526:
1524:
1522:to Iceland.
1519:
1510:
1503:
1496:
1489:
1482:
1470:
1460:
1456:
1454:
1449:
1445:
1441:
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1426:
1422:
1418:
1414:
1412:
1407:
1403:
1399:
1395:
1391:
1387:
1383:
1380:Bold Venture
1379:
1375:
1373:
1368:
1363:
1356:
1349:
1342:
1335:
1331:
1327:
1317:
1313:
1309:
1305:
1302:Empire Heron
1301:
1297:
1295:
1290:
1286:
1282:
1278:
1274:
1270:
1266:
1262:
1258:
1254:
1250:
1248:
1242:
1235:
1228:
1221:
1214:
1198:
1193:
1189:
1185:
1181:
1177:
1173:
1169:
1161:
1159:
1144:
1140:
1136:
1132:
1128:
1124:
1120:
1116:
1112:
1110:
1101:
1093:
1091:
1085:
1079:
1073:
1067:
1061:
1055:
1049:
1043:
1037:
1031:
1025:
1019:
1013:
1004:
1002:
997:
988:
981:
974:
967:
960:
953:
945:Flower-class
939:
929:
924:
911:
891:
888:
884:World War II
864:
863:
853:7–8 May 1945
848:5–6 May 1945
843:Point Judith
836:
829:
828:
807:
789:
788:
775:
646:
645:
601:27 September
584:
517:
495:
473:
466:
465:
450:
417:
405:
361:
344:
343:
332:
280:
279:
268:
267:
245:St. Lawrence
150:
87:Kriegsmarine
73:Belligerents
31:World War II
18:
2325:. Cassell.
2188:Casualties
2169:U-boats hit
2008:Casualties
1652:Silvercedar
1643:Sunk by...
1637:Casualties
1554:Mordbrenner
1170:Silvercedar
1094:Mordbrenner
1005:Mordbrenner
806:Capture of
569:Bell Island
518:Connecticut
333:Nordseetour
275:River Plate
151:Mordbrenner
127:Karl Dönitz
2427:Categories
2235:References
2194:hit by...
2148:Town-class
2140:Royal Navy
2126:Broadwater
2041:Royal Navy
2017:Hit by...
1804:W.C Teagle
1598:U-boat arm
1592:Conclusion
1547:Broadwater
1511:Heartsease
1504:Georgetown
1442:Broadwater
1438:Highlander
1241:HMCS
1222:Broadwater
1215:Highlander
1182:Silverhelm
1133:Wetaskiwin
980:HMCS
973:HMCS
966:HMCS
959:HMCS
954:Wetaskiwin
952:HMCS
938:HMCS
932:Town-class
474:Postmaster
406:RheinĂĽbung
159:18 escorts
100:Royal Navy
2151:destroyer
2105:destroyer
2100:Livermore
2027:Gladiolus
1610:isolation
1566:Greenland
1562:Reisswolf
1509:HMS
1495:HMS
1488:HMS
1481:HMS
1388:WC Teagle
1362:USS
1355:USS
1353:, led by
1350:Livermore
1348:USS
1341:USS
1334:USS
1314:Gladiolus
1306:Gladiolus
1234:HMS
1227:HMS
1213:HMS
1196:escaped.
1190:WC Teagle
1141:Gladiolus
989:Gladiolus
987:HMS
948:corvettes
935:destroyer
918:Liverpool
876:SC series
776:Stonewall
750:Sept-ĂŽles
703:Black May
606:SG 6/LN 6
262:Gibraltar
240:Caribbean
169:none lost
154:8 U-boats
2226:Catalina
2222:Damaged
2185:Captain
2109:damaged
2052:corvette
1640:Tonnage
1586:Castalia
1582:Rosthern
1531:Catalina
1527:Veronica
1497:Richmond
1450:Veronica
1357:Plunkett
1279:Columbia
1271:Columbia
1251:Columbia
1236:Veronica
1125:Rosthern
1117:Columbia
1113:Castalia
992:and the
961:Rosthern
940:Columbia
925:Castalia
894:incident
837:Teardrop
796:Lyme Bay
507:27 March
418:Bismarck
230:Americas
157:52 ships
145:Strength
49:Location
29:Part of
2179:Number
1956:Barfonn
1842:Erviken
1578:Camrose
1483:Bulldog
1427:Decatur
1408:Barfonn
1392:Erviken
1336:Decatur
1137:Baddeck
1129:Shediac
1121:Camrose
982:Shediac
975:Camrose
968:Baddeck
908:Prelude
902:Germany
874:of the
585:Laconia
496:Neuland
390:4 April
124:Admiral
2386:
2367:
2348:
2329:
2137:
2102:-class
2096:Benson
2084:
2073:Kearny
2038:
1978:9,739
1970:Norway
1967:
1940:5,283
1932:Greece
1929:
1902:1,369
1894:Norway
1891:
1864:6,595
1856:Norway
1853:
1826:9,552
1815:
1788:3,222
1780:Panama
1777:
1750:6,023
1739:
1712:1,583
1704:Norway
1701:
1674:4,354
1663:
1616:Tables
1602:Kearny
1558:Canada
1520:Kearny
1490:Amazon
1446:Abelia
1423:Kearny
1415:Kearny
1402:sank
1369:Pictou
1346:, and
1343:Kearny
1243:Pictou
1229:Abelia
1209:DesRon
1201:Enigma
1151:Action
1145:Mimosa
998:Mimosa
892:Kearny
872:convoy
867:was a
824:BX 141
814:HX 300
755:ON 207
740:SC 143
723:SC 130
718:SC 129
713:HX 237
698:HX 231
683:HX 228
678:SC 121
668:ON 166
663:SC 118
641:ON 154
636:ON 153
631:ON 144
626:SC 107
621:SL 125
616:HX 212
611:SC 104
596:SC 100
579:ON 127
564:ON 122
554:ON 115
549:ON 113
529:6 June
456:HX 156
426:HX 133
400:HX 126
395:OB 318
385:HX 112
380:OB 293
368:HX 106
362:Berlin
109:
97:
84:
61:Result
24:Convoy
2240:Notes
2215:Krech
2204:U-558
2191:Fate
2182:Type
2176:Date
2160:U-101
2155:sunk
2114:U-568
2061:U-558
2056:sunk
2014:Fate
2011:Type
2002:Name
1999:Date
1983:U-432
1945:U-432
1918:Evros
1907:U-558
1869:U-558
1831:U-558
1793:U-553
1755:U-568
1717:U-553
1679:U-553
1631:Name
1628:Date
1535:U-558
1461:U-751
1455:Only
1431:Greer
1419:U-568
1404:Evros
1400:U-432
1386:sank
1384:U-558
1378:sank
1376:U-553
1364:Greer
1318:U-568
1310:U-568
1298:U-568
1291:U-568
1283:U-558
1275:U-553
1267:U-553
1265:. As
1263:U-568
1259:U-558
1255:U-553
1194:U-553
1186:U-553
1178:U-553
1162:U-553
1104:(K/L
1102:U-553
1086:U-751
1080:U-558
1074:U-432
1068:U-101
1050:U-568
1044:U-553
1038:U-502
1032:U-573
1026:U-374
1020:U-208
1014:U-109
865:SC 48
819:WEP 3
808:U-505
730:Faith
708:ONS 5
688:UGS 6
658:SG 19
591:SQ 36
574:QS 33
559:SC 94
544:QS 15
539:SL 78
534:HG 84
524:ON 92
512:OG 82
502:ON 67
490:SC 67
461:HG 76
451:SC 48
446:HG 73
441:SC 42
436:OG 71
431:OG 69
375:HG 53
356:SC 20
351:SC 19
339:HX 90
327:HX 84
322:HX 79
312:HX 72
302:HX 65
292:HX 49
287:HX 47
137::Cdr
2384:ISBN
2365:ISBN
2346:ISBN
2327:ISBN
2210:VIIC
1580:and
1502:HMS
1500:and
1459:and
1448:and
1440:and
1429:and
1406:and
1261:and
1232:and
1220:HMS
1218:and
1143:and
1123:and
1083:and
1062:U-77
1056:U-73
1047:and
1029:and
830:1945
790:1944
673:UC 1
653:TM 1
647:1943
467:1942
345:1941
317:SC 7
307:SC 2
281:1940
269:1939
41:Date
2144:56
2091:11
2045:89
1975:14
1937:30
1880:Rym
1861:28
1823:48
1785:17
1747:42
1709:14
1690:Ila
1671:20
1516:RCN
1396:Rym
1174:Ila
1166:BdU
1108:).
882:in
2429::
2363:.
2344:.
2271:^
2257:^
2219:0
1899:0
1568:.
1493:,
1486:,
1433:.
1421:.
1339:,
1304:,
1147:.
1139:,
1089:.
1077:,
1071:,
1065:,
1059:,
1041:,
1023:,
1017:,
1000:.
996:'
985:,
978:,
971:,
964:,
957:,
950:;
927:.
922:MV
904:.
886:.
2401:.
2392:.
2373:.
2354:.
2335:.
2098:-
207:e
200:t
193:v
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