77:, with leather stays along the inside fold as reinforcement. These tackets also secured the textblock to the covers; on some of the Nag Hammadi bindings, the tackets extended to the outside of the covering leather, while on others the tackets were attached to a strip of leather which served as a spine liner, and which was in turn pasted to the covers. A flap, either triangular or rectangular, extended from the front cover of the book, and was wrapped around the fore edge of the book when closed. Attached to the flap was a long leather thong which was wrapped around the book two or three times, and which served as a clasp to keep the book securely shut.
86:
17:
50:
of parchment, papyrus, or paper sewn through their folds, and (if more than one section) attached to each other with chain stitch linkings across the spine, rather than to the thongs or cords running across the spine that characterise
European bindings from the 8th century onwards. In practice, the
170:
It is sometimes claimed that the Coptic binding, and thus the western codex, originated in the 4th century AD. While codex binding did flourish in the 4th century, several extant codex fragments are dated to the 2nd century, and more than 250 exist from before the year 300. (See Turner, chapter 7,
93:
Multi-section Coptic bindings had cover boards that were initially composed of layers of papyrus, though by the 4th century, wooden boards were also frequent. Leather covering was also common by the 4th century, and all subsequent
Western decorated leather bindings descend from Coptic bindings.
67:
sheets, assembled into a single section and trimmed along the fore edge after folding to prevent the inner sheets from extending outward beyond the outer sheets. Because the inner sheets were narrower than the outer sheets after trimming, the width of text varied through the textblock, and it is
72:
it was bound; this, in turn, would have made it a necessity to calculate the number of sheets needed for a manuscript before it was written and bound. Covers of Nag
Hammadi bindings were limp leather, stiffened with waste sheets of papyrus. The textblocks were sewn with
138:
Modern Coptic bindings can be made with or without covering leather; if left uncovered, a Coptic binding is able to open 360°. If the leather is omitted, a Coptic binding is non-adhesive, and does not require any glue in its construction.
193:
Glaister does not give the methodology of his figure, and given its low count, it probably refers only to intact bindings; Szirmai's count includes fragments or sheets which show evidence of being bound, such as sewing holes or codex
97:
Approximately 120 original and complete Coptic bindings survive in the collections of museums and libraries, though the remnants of as many as 500 Coptic bindings survive.
184:, however, insert a single leaf either in the middle of the book or at the end; some evidence points to this having been done in two of the Nag Hammadi codices.
39:, and used from as early as the 2nd century AD to the 11th century. The term is also used to describe modern bindings sewn in the same style.
252:
404:
379:
339:
304:
227:
51:
phrase "Coptic binding" usually refers to multi-section bindings, while single-section Coptic codices are often referred to as "
422:
219:
441:
462:
47:
457:
142:
Artisans and crafters often use coptic binding when creating hand made art journals or other books.
116:
436:
327:
52:
101:
331:
321:
245:
ABC of bookbinding: a unique glossary with over 700 illustrations for collectors and librarians
400:
375:
371:
355:
335:
300:
248:
223:
151:
432:
100:
The few very early
European bindings to survive use the Coptic sewing technique, notably the
426:
367:
105:
451:
360:
247:. New Castle (Del.) Nottingham (GB): Oak Knoll press The Plough press. p. 81.
32:
74:
85:
55:
bindings", after the 13 codices found in 1945 which exemplify the form.
16:
64:
120:
84:
43:
36:
15:
63:
Nag
Hammadi bindings were constructed with a textblock of
299:. New Castle, DE: Oak Knoll Press. pp. 80–81.
359:
68:likely that the papyrus was not written on until
442:Build a sturdy notebook with Coptic bookbinding
8:
437:optimize a printed codex for Coptic binding
35:employed by early Christians in Egypt, the
423:Making an Altered Book with Coptic Binding
323:Bookbinding and the Conservation of Books
397:The Archaeology of Medieval Bookbinding
206:
163:
89:Detail of Coptic-style sewing (model)
7:
46:, are characterized by one or more
14:
220:University of Pennsylvania Press
180:Turner points out that a scribe
42:Coptic bindings, the first true
216:The Typology of the Early Codex
1:
429: (archived June 29, 2019)
124:
109:
81:Multi-section Coptic bindings
20:Simple Coptic binding (model)
320:Etherington, Donald (1982).
399:. Brookfield, VT: Ashgate.
479:
435:, a JavaScript program to
356:Glaister, Geoffrey Ashall
295:Greenfield, Jane (2002).
243:Greenfield, Jane (2002).
366:. Oak Knoll Press &
362:Encyclopedia of the Book
214:Turner, Eric G. (1977).
171:and Szirmai, chapter 2.)
433:The Signature Optimizer
395:Szirmai, J. A. (1999).
134:Modern Coptic bindings
90:
21:
88:
31:comprises methods of
19:
59:Nag Hammadi bindings
368:The British Library
328:Library of Congress
297:ABC of Bookbinding
222:. pp. 89–94.
102:St Cuthbert Gospel
91:
22:
254:978-1-884718-41-0
152:Ethiopian binding
470:
411:
410:
392:
386:
385:
365:
352:
346:
345:
317:
311:
310:
292:
286:
283:
277:
274:
268:
265:
259:
258:
240:
234:
233:
211:
195:
191:
185:
178:
172:
168:
129:
126:
114:
111:
478:
477:
473:
472:
471:
469:
468:
467:
448:
447:
427:Wayback Machine
419:
414:
407:
394:
393:
389:
382:
354:
353:
349:
342:
319:
318:
314:
307:
294:
293:
289:
284:
280:
275:
271:
267:Szirmai, 12-13.
266:
262:
255:
242:
241:
237:
230:
213:
212:
208:
204:
199:
198:
192:
188:
179:
175:
169:
165:
160:
148:
136:
127:
112:
106:British Library
83:
61:
12:
11:
5:
476:
474:
466:
465:
463:Coptic culture
460:
450:
449:
446:
445:
444:, Makezine.com
439:
430:
418:
417:External links
415:
413:
412:
405:
387:
380:
347:
340:
312:
305:
287:
278:
276:Szirmai, 9-10.
269:
260:
253:
235:
228:
205:
203:
200:
197:
196:
186:
183:
173:
162:
161:
159:
156:
155:
154:
147:
144:
135:
132:
117:Cadmug Gospels
82:
79:
71:
60:
57:
25:Coptic binding
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
475:
464:
461:
459:
456:
455:
453:
443:
440:
438:
434:
431:
428:
424:
421:
420:
416:
408:
406:0-85967-904-7
402:
398:
391:
388:
383:
381:1-884718-14-0
377:
373:
369:
364:
363:
357:
351:
348:
343:
341:0-8444-0366-0
337:
333:
329:
325:
324:
316:
313:
308:
306:1-884718-41-8
302:
298:
291:
288:
282:
279:
273:
270:
264:
261:
256:
250:
246:
239:
236:
231:
229:0-8122-7696-5
225:
221:
217:
210:
207:
201:
190:
187:
181:
177:
174:
167:
164:
157:
153:
150:
149:
145:
143:
140:
133:
131:
122:
118:
107:
103:
98:
95:
87:
80:
78:
76:
69:
66:
58:
56:
54:
49:
45:
40:
38:
34:
30:
29:Coptic sewing
26:
18:
396:
390:
361:
350:
322:
315:
296:
290:
281:
272:
263:
244:
238:
215:
209:
189:
176:
166:
141:
137:
99:
96:
92:
62:
41:
28:
24:
23:
458:Bookbinding
370:. pp.
330:. pp.
285:Szirmai, 9.
194:pagination.
53:Nag Hammadi
33:bookbinding
452:Categories
202:References
128: 750
115:) and the
113: 698
358:(1996).
146:See also
48:sections
425:at the
372:113–114
104:in the
75:tackets
65:papyrus
44:codices
403:
378:
338:
303:
251:
226:
182:could
158:Notes
121:Fulda
70:after
37:Copts
401:ISBN
376:ISBN
336:ISBN
301:ISBN
249:ISBN
224:ISBN
130:).
119:at
27:or
454::
374:.
334:.
332:65
326:.
218:.
125:c.
110:c.
409:.
384:.
344:.
309:.
257:.
232:.
123:(
108:(
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
