485:
CA2 and CA1 regions. Like mossy cells, a single CA3 Pyramidal cell contributes to both commissural and associational fibers, and they terminate on both principal cells and interneurons. A weak commissural projection connects both CA1 regions together. Subiculum has no commissural inputs or outputs. In comparison with rodents, hippocampal commissural connections are much less abundant in the monkey and humans. Although excitatory cells are the main contributors to commissural pathways, a GABAergic component has been reported among their terminals which were traced back to hilus as origin. Stimulation of commissural fibers stimulates
232:. These axons arise from layer 2 of the entorhinal cortex (EC), and terminate in the dentate gyrus and CA3. There is also a distinct pathway from layer 3 of the EC directly to CA1, often referred to as the temporoammonic or TA-CA1 pathway. Granule cells of the DG send their axons (called "mossy fibers") to CA3. Pyramidal cells of CA3 send their axons to CA1. Pyramidal cells of CA1 send their axons to the subiculum and deep layers of the EC. Subicular neurons send their axons mainly to the EC. The perforant path-to-dentate gyrus-to-CA3-to-CA1 was called the
432:). Contralateral entorhinal ▶ CA1 projections almost exclusively pass through alveus. The more septal the more ipsilateral entorhinal-CA1 projections that take alvear pathway (instead of perforant path). Although subiculum sends axonal projections to alveus, subiculum ▶ CA1 projection passes through strata oriens and moleculare of subiculum and CA1. Cholinergic and GABAergic projections from MS-DBB to CA1 also pass through Fimbria. Fimbria stimulation leads to cholinergic excitation of CA1
158:
46:
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38:
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240:, which proposed that the hippocampus can be thought of as a series of parallel strips, operating in a functionally independent way. The lamellar concept is still sometimes considered to be a useful organizing principle, but more recent data, showing extensive longitudinal connections within the hippocampal system, have required it to be substantially modified.
627:(str. pyr.) contains the cell bodies of the Pyramidal neurons, which are the principal excitatory neurons of the hippocampus. This stratum tends to be one of the more visible strata to the naked eye. In region CA3, this stratum contains synapses from the mossy fibers that course through stratum lucidum. This stratum also contains the cell bodies of many
344:
105:
476:(dendrites of both granule cells and GABAergic interneurons) receives a projection that has both associational and commissural fibers mainly from hilar mossy cells and to some extent from CA3c Pyramidal cells. Because this projection fibers originate from both ipsilateral and contralateral sides of hippocampus they are called
256:). In turn, CA1 projects to the subiculum as well as sending information along the aforementioned output paths of the hippocampus. The subiculum is the final stage in the pathway, combining information from the CA1 projection and EC layer III to also send information along the output pathways of the hippocampus.
484:
of the hippocampus spans mainly horizontally along the hippocampus. However, associational/commissural fibers, like CA2 Pyramidal cell associational projections, span mainly longitudinally (dorsoventrally) along the hippocampus. Commissural fibers that originate from CA3 Pyramidal cells go to CA3,
475:
fibers to or from the hippocampus and dentate gyrus. As a rule of thumb, one could say that each cytoarchitectonic field that contributes to the commissural projection also has a parallel associational fiber that terminates in the ipsilateral hippocampus. The inner molecular layer of dentate gyrus
243:
Perforant path input from EC layer II enters the dentate gyrus and is relayed to region CA3 (and to mossy cells, located in the hilus of the dentate gyrus, which then send information to distant portions of the dentate gyrus where the cycle is repeated). Region CA3 combines this input with signals
600:
In rodents, the hippocampus is positioned so that, roughly, one end is near the top of the head (the dorsal or septal end) and one end near the bottom of the head (the ventral or temporal end). As shown in the figure, the structure itself is curved and subfields or regions are defined along the
334:
These fibers start from the ventral part of entorhinal cortex (EC) and contain commissural (EC◀▶Hippocampus) and
Perforant path (excitatory EC▶CA1, and inhibitory EC◀▶CA2) fibers. They travel along the septotemporal axis of the hippocampus. Perforant path fibers, as the name suggests, perforate
739:(str. mol. 2/3) is the deepest of the strata, sitting just superficial to the hippocampal sulcus across from stratum moleculare in the CA fields. The perforant path fibers run through this strata, making excitatory synapses onto the distal apical dendrites of granule cells.
96:
brains, including humans, the portion of the hippocampus near the base of the temporal lobe is much broader than the part at the top. Due to the three-dimensional curvature of this structure, two-dimensional sections such as shown are commonly seen.
620:
fibers and commissural fibers from the contralateral hippocampus (usually recurrent connections, especially in CA3 and CA2.) In rodents the two hippocampi are highly connected, but in primates this commissural connection is much
2340:
1003:
Heath RG, Harper JW (November 1974). "Ascending projections of the cerebellar fastigial nucleus to the hippocampus, amygdala, and other temporal lobe sites: evoked potential and histological studies in monkeys and cats".
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Tamamaki, N; Abe, K; Nojyo, Y (14 June 1988). "Three-dimensional analysis of the whole axonal arbors originating from single CA2 Pyramidal neurons in the rat hippocampus with the aid of a computer graphic technique".
112:
Topologically, the surface of a cerebral hemisphere can be regarded as a sphere with an indentation where it attaches to the midbrain. The structures that line the edge of the hole collectively make up the so-called
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fibers, which are the projection forward from CA3 to CA1. Some interneurons that can be found in more superficial layers can also be found here, including basket cells, bistratified cells, and radial trilaminar
244:
from EC layer II and sends extensive connections within the region and also sends connections to strata radiatum and oriens of ipsilateral and contralateral CA1 regions through a set of fibers called the
666:
fibers from the superficial layers of entorhinal cortex. Due to its small size, it is often grouped together with stratum moleculare into a single stratum called stratum lacunosum-moleculare (str. l-m.).
293:(including the anterior nuclear complex, the laterodorsal nucleus, the paraventricular and parataenial nuclei, the nucleus reuniens, and the nucleus centralis medialis), the lateral preoptic and lateral
236:
by Per
Andersen, who noted that thin slices could be cut out of the hippocampus perpendicular to its long axis, in a way that preserves all of these connections. This observation was the basis of his
2333:
2326:
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Hunsaker, Michael R.; Kesner, Raymond P. (2013-01-01). "The operation of pattern separation and pattern completion processes associated with different attributes or domains of memory".
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An up-to-date knowledge base of hippocampal formation neuronal types, their biomarker profile, active and passive electrophysiological parameters, and connectivity is supported at the
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projections) that collect in the temporal hippocampus to form the fimbria/fornix, one of the major outputs of the hippocampus. In the rat, some medial and lateral entorhinal axons (
443:
stimulates CA3 Pyramidal cells antidromically and orthodromically, but it has no impact on dentate granule cells. Each CA1 Pyramidal cell also sends an axonal branch to fimbria.
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1315:
149:. While most neuroscientists no longer believe in the concept of a unified "limbic system", these regions are highly interconnected and do interact with one another.
567:
However, the region known as CA4 is in fact the "deep, polymorphic layer of the dentate gyrus" (as clarified by
Theodor Blackstad (1956) and by David Amaral (1978)).
672:(str. mol.) is the most superficial stratum in the hippocampus. Here the perforant path fibers form synapses onto the distal, apical dendrites of Pyramidal cells.
1884:
Kohara, K; Pignatelli, M; Rivest, AJ; Jung, HY; Kitamura, T; Suh, J; Frank, D; Kajikawa, K; Mise, N; Obata, Y; Wickersham, IR; Tonegawa, S (February 2014).
612:
and horizontal trilaminar cells, named for their axons innervating three layers—the oriens, Pyramidal, and radiatum are located in this stratum. The basal
1979:
Fricke, R; Cowan, WM (15 September 1978). "An autoradiographic study of the commissural and ipsilateral hippocampo-dentate projections in the adult rat".
165:
Starting at the dentate gyrus and working inward along the S-curve of the hippocampus means traversing a series of narrow zones. The first of these, the
917:
Swanson, LW; Wyss, JM; Cowan, WM (15 October 1978). "An autoradiographic study of the organization of intrahippocampal association pathways in the rat".
713:(poly. lay.) is the most superficial layer of the dentate gyrus and is often considered a separate subfield (as the hilus). This layer contains many
1936:
Blackstad, TW (October 1956). "Commissural connections of the hippocampal region in the rat, with special reference to their mode of termination".
1500:
Harris, E; Stewart, M (23 March 2001). "Propagation of synchronous epileptiform events from subiculum backward into area CA1 of rat brain slices".
385:. Going from temporal to septal (dorsal) parts of hippocampus fimbria collects more and more hippocampal and subicular outputs and becomes thicker.
1684:
Yang, Sunggu; Yang, Sungchil; Moreira, Thais; Hoffman, Gloria; Carlson, Greg C.; Bender, Kevin J.; Alger, Bradley E.; Tang, Cha-Min (2014-09-02).
1543:
Gulyás, AI; Görcs, TJ; Freund, TF (1990). "Innervation of different peptide-containing neurons in the hippocampus by GABAergic septal afferents".
601:
curve, from CA4 through CA1 (only CA3 and CA1 are labeled). The CA regions are also structured depthwise in clearly defined strata (or layers):
2122:
Sik, Attila; Penttonen, Markku; Buzsáki, György (March 1997). "Interneurons in the
Hippocampal Dentate Gyrus: an In Vivo intracellular Study".
1586:
Leão, RN; Mikulovic, S; Leão, KE; Munguba, H; Gezelius, H; Enjin, A; Patra, K; Eriksson, A; Loew, LM; Tort, AB; Kullander, K (November 2012).
209:. After this comes a pair of ill-defined areas called the presubiculum and parasubiculum, then a transition to the cortex proper (mostly the
2183:
Blackstad, TW (1956). "Commissural connections of the hippocampal region in the rat, with special reference to their mode of termi- nation".
1340:
772:
729:(str. mol. 1/3) is where both commissural fibers from the contralateral dentate gyrus run and form synapses as well as where inputs from the
1414:
Shetty, AK (2002). "Entorhinal axons exhibit sprouting in CA1 subfield of the adult hippocampus in a rat model of temporal lobe epilepsy".
161:
Basic circuit of the hippocampus, shown using a modified drawing by Ramon y Cajal. DG: dentate gyrus. Sub: subiculum. EC: entorhinal cortex
2022:
Amaral, DG; Scharfman, HE; Lavenex, P (2007). "The dentate gyrus: Fundamental neuroanatomical organization (Dentate gyrus for dummies)".
2504:
1299:
593:, who has the head of a ram. The horned appearance of the hippocampus is caused by cell density differentials and varying degrees of
2494:
2039:
1272:
1106:
641:(str. luc.) is one of the thinnest strata in the hippocampus and only found in the CA3 region. Mossy fibers from the dentate gyrus
1841:
Amaral, DG; Witter, MP (1989). "The three-dimensional organization of the hippocampal formation: a review of anatomical data".
763:
Amaral, D; Lavenex P (2006). "Ch 3. Hippocampal
Neuroanatomy". In Andersen P; Morris R; Amaral D; Bliss T; O'Keefe J (eds.).
1329:
Gaudron, Henri M. Duvernoy, Françoise Cattin, Pierre-Yves Risold; drawings and illustrations by J.L. Vannson and M. (2013).
874:
Hjorth-Simonsen, A (15 January 1973). "Some intrinsic connections of the hippocampus in the rat: an experimental analysis".
1330:
1289:
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2841:
1885:
1794:
Swanson, LW; Wyss, JM; Cowan, WM (15 October 1978). "An autoradiographic study of the organization of intrahippocampal
480:
projections. In fact, each mossy cell innervates both the ipsilateral and contralateral dentate gyrus. The well known
2318:
424:
projection) pass through alveus towards the CA1 stratum lacunosum moleculare without making a significant number of
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536:
is composed of a number of subfields. Though terminology varies among authors, the terms most frequently used are
125:), with the hippocampus lining the posterior edge of this hole. These limbic structures include the hippocampus,
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2499:
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1039:
Melzer, S.; Michael, M.; Caputi, A.; Eliava, M.; Fuchs, E. C.; Whittington, M. A.; Monyer, H. (22 March 2012).
571:
286:
248:, and commissural pathway, respectively. Region CA1 receives input from the CA3 subfield, EC layer III and the
1457:
Deller, T; Adelmann, G; Nitsch, R; Frotscher, M (December 1996). "The alvear pathway of the rat hippocampus".
347:
Coronal section of inferior horn of lateral ventricle. Fimbria labeled at center left and alveus to the right.
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varies systematically through the strata, the sulcus is often used as a fixed reference point for recording
213:
area of the cortex). Most anatomists use the term "hippocampus proper" to refer to the four CA fields, and
69:
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is a cell-free region that separates the CA1 field from the dentate gyrus. Because the phase of recorded
269:(specifically the anterior amygdaloid area, the basolateral nucleus, and the periamygdaloid cortex), the
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397:
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flow through the hippocampus and combine to form a loop. Most external input comes from the adjoining
788:
Andersen, P; Bliss TVP; Skrede KK (1971). "Lamellar organization of hippocampal excitatory pathways".
1697:
1052:
652:
2226:
Amaral, DG (1978). "A Golgi study of cell types in the hilar region of the hippocampus in the rat".
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481:
310:
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37:
1041:"Long-Range-Projecting GABAergic Neurons Modulate Inhibition in Hippocampus and Entorhinal Cortex"
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662:(str. lac.) is a thin stratum that too contains Schaffer collateral fibers, but it also contains
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194:
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81:
177:, forming a pointed wedge in some cross-sections, a semicircle in others. Next come a series of
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pictures can show a number of different shapes, depending on the angle and location of the cut.
45:
1588:"OLM interneurons differentially modulate CA3 and entorhinal inputs to hippocampal CA1 neurons"
645:
course through this stratum in CA3, though synapses from these fibers can be found in str. pyr.
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of
Pyramidal neurons are also found here, where they receive input from other Pyramidal cells,
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1637:"Activation of dentate hilar neurons by stimulation of the fimbria in rat hippocampal slices"
960:
Laurberg, S (15 April 1979). "Commissural and intrinsic connections of the rat hippocampus".
49:
Nissl-stained coronal section of the brain of a macaque monkey, showing hippocampus (circled)
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Ribak, CE; Seress, L; Peterson, GM; Seroogy, KB; Fallon, JH; Schmued, LC (December 1986).
2024:
The
Dentate Gyrus: A Comprehensive Guide to Structure, Function, and Clinical Implications
831:
Andersen, P; Soleng AF; Raastad M (2000). "The hippocampal lamella hypothesis revisited".
393:
314:
198:
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73:
717:, and the axons of the dentate granule cells pass through this stratum on the way to CA3.
608:(str. oriens) is the next layer superficial to the alveus. The cell bodies of inhibitory
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651:(str. rad.), like str. oriens, contains septal and commissural fibers. It also contains
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The human hippocampus functional anatomy, vascularization, and serial sections with MRI
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317:. The hippocampus also receives direct monosynaptic projections from the cerebellar
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Schematic showing regions of the hippocampus proper in relation to other structures
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142:
98:
1886:"Cell type-specific genetic and optogenetic tools reveal hippocampal CA2 circuits"
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of the thalamus (which project only to the terminal apical dendritic tufts in the
92:, the two hippocampi look similar to a pair of bananas, joined at the stems. In
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species, from hedgehog to human, although the details vary. For example, in the
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2075:"A GABAergic inhibitory component within the hippocampal commissural pathway"
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brain regions. Different parts of this system are given different names:
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subiculum before going to the hippocampus (CA fields) and dentate gyrus.
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266:
134:
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169:(DG), is actually a separate structure, a tightly packed layer of small
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to refer to the hippocampus proper plus dentate gyrus and subiculum.
85:
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305:(the nucleus centralis superior and the dorsal raphe nucleus), the
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Hilar mossy cells and CA3 Pyramidal cells are the main origins of
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156:
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theory, that the limbic structures constitute the neural basis of
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68:. It has a distinctive, curved shape that has been likened to the
65:
44:
36:
723:(str. gr.) contains the cell bodies of the dentate granule cells.
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The hippocampus also receives a number of subcortical inputs. In
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590:
575:
545:
351:
Fimbria-fornix fibers are the hippocampal and subicular gateway
77:
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terminate, both on the proximal dendrites of the granule cells.
689:
89:
1294:(1st ed.). Madison, Conn.: Fence Creek Pub. p. 28.
2026:. Progress in Brain Research. Vol. 163. pp. 3–22.
297:
areas, the supramammillary and retromammillary regions, the
1124:"A quantitative study of the fornixmamillo-thalamic system"
574:, the hippocampus is a C-shaped structure that resembles a
2305:
Stained brain slice images which include the "hippocampus"
1214:"Axonal ramifications of hippocampal Ca1 Pyramidal cells"
1101:. New York: Oxford University Press. p. 47,63,123.
381:
parts of hippocampus make a fiber bundle that is called
1267:. New York: Oxford University Press. 2007. p. 47.
1259:
1257:
467:
segments. Dorsal commissural fibers consists mainly of
511:
Photograph of hippocampal regions in a rat brain. DG:
56:
describes the physical aspects and properties of the
459:
regions of hippocampus. Hippocampal commissures have
455:. They pass through hippocampal commissures to reach
84:. This general layout holds across the full range of
1122:
POWELL, TP; GUILLERY, RW; COWAN, WM (October 1957).
108:
Shape of human hippocampus and associated structures
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439:It is also known that extracellular stimulation of
197:. The CA areas are all filled with densely packed
2163:
2161:
1169:Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry
1212:Knowles, WD; Schwartzkroin, PA (November 1981).
1165:"Studies of the connexions of the fornix system"
560:, while the CA is differentiated into subfields
30:"Alveus" redirects here. For the nonprofit, see
1690:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences
1288:Alloway, Thomas C. Pritchard, Kevin D. (1999).
2290:Schematic Diagram of a Hippocampal Brain Slice
1686:"Interlamellar CA1 network in the hippocampus"
1335:(4th ed.). Berlin: Springer. p. 28.
2334:
8:
1355:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
1314:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
408:contains axonal fibers from the DG and from
705:is composed of a similar series of strata:
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2656:
2579:
2377:
2368:
2341:
2327:
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185:(which underlies the dentate gyrus), then
2297:at the U.S. National Library of Medicine
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2049:
1912:
1727:
1709:
1660:
1611:
1237:
1188:
1139:
1097:Andersen, Per; et al., eds. (2007).
487:DG hilar perforant path-associated (HIPP)
1753:Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews
313:, the dorsal tegmental nucleus, and the
1163:DAITZ, HM; POWELL, TP (February 1954).
755:
737:Stratum moleculare, external two thirds
366:White myelinated fibers that cover the
1348:
1307:
301:, the tegmental reticular fields, the
205:. After CA1 comes an area called the
7:
2314:Hippocampus anatomy and connectivity
1981:The Journal of Comparative Neurology
1938:The Journal of Comparative Neurology
1800:The Journal of Comparative Neurology
1092:
1090:
962:The Journal of Comparative Neurology
919:The Journal of Comparative Neurology
876:The Journal of Comparative Neurology
307:nucleus reticularis tegementi pontis
2168:Andersen, Per; et al. (2007).
60:, a neural structure in the medial
2136:10.1111/j.1460-9568.1997.tb01634.x
2091:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.06-12-03492.1986
1230:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.01-11-01236.1981
552:). The dentate gyrus contains the
25:
228:, via the axons of the so-called
2124:European Journal of Neuroscience
412:of CA3, CA2, CA1 and subiculum (
189:, then a very small zone called
1765:10.1016/j.neubiorev.2012.09.014
727:Stratum moleculare, inner third
141:once suggested, as part of his
1635:Scharfman, HE (25 June 1993).
635:, and radial trilaminar cells.
631:, including axo-axonic cells,
453:hippocampal commissural fibers
325:Major fiber systems in the rat
201:similar to those found in the
173:wrapped around the end of the
1:
2597:Anterior perforated substance
2032:10.1016/S0079-6123(07)63001-5
1514:10.1016/s0006-8993(01)02023-6
845:10.1016/S0006-8993(00)02991-7
692:as it is easily identifiable.
430:Temporoammonic alvear pathway
1855:10.1016/0306-4522(89)90424-7
1653:10.1016/0304-3940(93)90440-v
1557:10.1016/0306-4522(90)90189-b
1385:10.1016/0006-8993(88)90030-3
1018:10.1016/0014-4886(74)90118-6
497:Hippocampal cells and layers
254:stratum lacunosum-moleculare
2079:The Journal of Neuroscience
1218:The Journal of Neuroscience
767:. Oxford University Press.
265:, these inputs include the
2858:
2592:Anterior olfactory nucleus
2172:. Oxford University press.
500:
404:At the circuit level, the
370:parts of hippocampus make
29:
27:Component of brain anatomy
2357:and associated structures
478:associational/commissural
153:Basic hippocampal circuit
2681:Nucleus of diagonal band
2299:Medical Subject Headings
1459:Cell and Tissue Research
396:, these fibers form the
287:basal nucleus of Meynert
2630:Lateral olfactory stria
1711:10.1073/pnas.1405468111
1065:10.1126/science.1217139
447:Hippocampal commissures
76:and the ram's horns of
2699:Diagonal band of Broca
2625:Medial olfactory stria
2561:Subthalamic fasciculus
2539:Pallidothalamic tracts
1798:pathways in the rat".
562:CA1, CA2, CA3, and CA4
548:'s horn", abbreviated
524:
516:
493:cells antidromically.
377:Fibers that cover the
348:
339:Fimbria-fornix pathway
299:ventral tegmental area
275:diagonal band of Broca
162:
109:
50:
42:
18:Cornu Ammonis region 3
2723:Hippocampal formation
2669:Substantia innominata
2554:Lenticular fasciculus
2240:10.1002/cne.901820508
2197:10.1002/cne.901050305
1993:10.1002/cne.901810204
1950:10.1002/cne.901050305
1812:10.1002/cne.901810402
1471:10.1007/s004410050699
974:10.1002/cne.901840405
931:10.1002/cne.901810402
888:10.1002/cne.901470202
522:
510:
428:on other CA1 layers (
346:
283:substantia innominata
215:hippocampal formation
160:
107:
48:
40:
2170:The Hippocampus Book
1641:Neuroscience Letters
1291:Medical neuroscience
1265:The hippocampus book
1181:10.1136/jnnp.17.1.75
1099:The hippocampus book
765:The Hippocampus Book
246:Schaffer collaterals
2842:Hippocampus (brain)
2817:Schaffer collateral
2728:Hippocampus anatomy
2544:Thalamic fasciculus
1893:Nature Neuroscience
1702:2014PNAS..11112919Y
1696:(35): 12919–12924.
1592:Nature Neuroscience
1057:2012Sci...335.1506M
1051:(6075): 1506–1510.
653:Schaffer collateral
482:trisynaptic circuit
311:periaqueductal gray
262:Macaca fascicularis
238:lamellar hypothesis
234:trisynaptic circuit
54:Hippocampus anatomy
2745:Hippocampus proper
2419:Olfactory tubercle
1428:10.1002/hipo.10031
1128:Journal of Anatomy
802:10.1007/BF00234087
721:Stratum granulosum
677:Hippocampal sulcus
670:Stratum moleculare
633:bistratified cells
625:Stratum pyramidale
534:hippocampus proper
528:Hippocampus proper
525:
517:
503:Hippocampus proper
426:en passant boutons
368:ventricular (deep)
349:
222:signaling pathways
175:hippocampus proper
163:
110:
82:Egyptian mythology
51:
43:
2829:
2828:
2825:
2824:
2712:
2711:
2645:
2644:
2637:Olfactory trigone
2569:
2568:
2549:Ansa lenticularis
2483:Centrum semiovale
2469:
2468:
2414:Nucleus accumbens
2309:BrainMaps project
1342:978-3-642-33603-4
774:978-0-19-510027-3
711:polymorphic layer
660:Stratum lacunosum
410:Pyramidal neurons
319:fastigial nucleus
226:entorhinal cortex
41:Human hippocampus
16:(Redirected from
2849:
2733:
2704:Stria terminalis
2657:
2580:
2526:External capsule
2490:Internal capsule
2409:Ventral striatum
2378:
2369:
2343:
2336:
2329:
2320:
2278:
2277:
2274:hippocampome.org
2266:
2260:
2259:
2223:
2217:
2216:
2180:
2174:
2173:
2165:
2156:
2155:
2119:
2113:
2112:
2102:
2070:
2064:
2063:
2053:
2019:
2013:
2012:
1976:
1970:
1969:
1933:
1927:
1926:
1916:
1890:
1881:
1875:
1874:
1838:
1832:
1831:
1791:
1785:
1784:
1748:
1742:
1741:
1731:
1713:
1681:
1675:
1674:
1664:
1632:
1626:
1625:
1615:
1583:
1577:
1576:
1540:
1534:
1533:
1497:
1491:
1490:
1454:
1448:
1447:
1411:
1405:
1404:
1367:
1361:
1360:
1354:
1346:
1326:
1320:
1319:
1313:
1305:
1285:
1279:
1278:
1261:
1252:
1251:
1241:
1209:
1203:
1202:
1192:
1160:
1154:
1153:
1143:
1119:
1113:
1112:
1094:
1085:
1084:
1036:
1030:
1029:
1000:
994:
993:
957:
951:
950:
914:
908:
907:
871:
865:
864:
839:(1–2): 165–171.
828:
822:
821:
785:
779:
778:
760:
649:Stratum radiatum
422:entorhinal ▶ CA1
418:CA1 ▶ entorhinal
250:nucleus reuniens
131:olfactory cortex
127:cingulate cortex
32:Alveus Sanctuary
21:
2857:
2856:
2852:
2851:
2850:
2848:
2847:
2846:
2832:
2831:
2830:
2821:
2788:
2726:
2721:
2708:
2685:
2674:Nucleus basalis
2652:basal forebrain
2641:
2620:Olfactory tract
2606:
2565:
2531:Extreme capsule
2510:Optic radiation
2465:
2444:
2428:Globus pallidus
2400:Caudate nucleus
2390:Dorsal striatum
2358:
2347:
2286:
2281:
2268:
2267:
2263:
2225:
2224:
2220:
2182:
2181:
2177:
2167:
2166:
2159:
2121:
2120:
2116:
2072:
2071:
2067:
2042:
2021:
2020:
2016:
1978:
1977:
1973:
1935:
1934:
1930:
1905:10.1038/nn.3614
1888:
1883:
1882:
1878:
1840:
1839:
1835:
1793:
1792:
1788:
1750:
1749:
1745:
1683:
1682:
1678:
1634:
1633:
1629:
1604:10.1038/nn.3235
1598:(11): 1524–30.
1585:
1584:
1580:
1542:
1541:
1537:
1499:
1498:
1494:
1456:
1455:
1451:
1413:
1412:
1408:
1379:(1–2): 255–72.
1369:
1368:
1364:
1347:
1343:
1328:
1327:
1323:
1306:
1302:
1287:
1286:
1282:
1275:
1263:
1262:
1255:
1224:(11): 1236–41.
1211:
1210:
1206:
1162:
1161:
1157:
1121:
1120:
1116:
1109:
1096:
1095:
1088:
1038:
1037:
1033:
1002:
1001:
997:
959:
958:
954:
916:
915:
911:
873:
872:
868:
830:
829:
825:
787:
786:
782:
775:
762:
761:
757:
753:
699:
639:Stratum lucidum
595:neuronal fibers
530:
505:
499:
449:
414:CA1 ▶ subiculum
394:corpus callosum
341:
332:
327:
315:locus coeruleus
199:pyramidal cells
155:
74:Greek mythology
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2855:
2853:
2845:
2844:
2834:
2833:
2827:
2826:
2823:
2822:
2820:
2819:
2814:
2812:Perforant path
2809:
2804:
2798:
2796:
2790:
2789:
2787:
2786:
2781:
2780:
2779:
2777:Fascia dentata
2769:
2768:
2767:
2762:
2757:
2752:
2741:
2739:
2730:
2714:
2713:
2710:
2709:
2707:
2706:
2701:
2695:
2693:
2687:
2686:
2684:
2683:
2678:
2677:
2676:
2665:
2663:
2654:
2647:
2646:
2643:
2642:
2640:
2639:
2634:
2633:
2632:
2627:
2616:
2614:
2608:
2607:
2605:
2604:
2602:Olfactory bulb
2599:
2594:
2588:
2586:
2577:
2575:Rhinencephalon
2571:
2570:
2567:
2566:
2564:
2563:
2558:
2557:
2556:
2551:
2534:
2533:
2528:
2522:
2521:
2519:Corona radiata
2515:
2514:
2513:
2512:
2507:
2505:Posterior limb
2502:
2497:
2486:
2485:
2479:
2477:
2471:
2470:
2467:
2466:
2464:
2463:
2458:
2452:
2450:
2446:
2445:
2443:
2442:
2441:
2440:
2435:
2424:
2423:
2422:
2421:
2416:
2405:
2404:
2403:
2402:
2397:
2386:
2384:
2375:
2366:
2360:
2359:
2348:
2346:
2345:
2338:
2331:
2323:
2317:
2316:
2311:
2302:
2292:
2285:
2284:External links
2282:
2280:
2279:
2270:"Hippocampome"
2261:
2234:(5): 851–914.
2218:
2191:(3): 417–537.
2175:
2157:
2130:(3): 573–588.
2114:
2085:(12): 3492–8.
2065:
2040:
2014:
1971:
1944:(3): 417–537.
1928:
1876:
1833:
1806:(4): 681–715.
1786:
1743:
1676:
1627:
1578:
1535:
1502:Brain Research
1492:
1465:(3): 293–303.
1449:
1406:
1373:Brain Research
1362:
1341:
1321:
1301:978-1889325293
1300:
1280:
1273:
1253:
1204:
1155:
1114:
1107:
1086:
1031:
995:
968:(4): 685–708.
952:
925:(4): 681–715.
909:
866:
823:
796:(2): 222–238.
790:Exp. Brain Res
780:
773:
754:
752:
749:
741:
740:
734:
724:
718:
698:
695:
694:
693:
673:
667:
664:perforant path
657:
646:
636:
622:
606:Stratum oriens
585:refers to the
554:fascia dentata
529:
526:
501:Main article:
498:
495:
491:CA3 trilaminar
448:
445:
402:
401:
392:and under the
386:
375:
340:
337:
331:
330:Angular bundle
328:
326:
323:
230:perforant path
154:
151:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2854:
2843:
2840:
2839:
2837:
2818:
2815:
2813:
2810:
2808:
2805:
2803:
2800:
2799:
2797:
2795:
2791:
2785:
2782:
2778:
2775:
2774:
2773:
2772:Dentate gyrus
2770:
2766:
2763:
2761:
2758:
2756:
2753:
2751:
2748:
2747:
2746:
2743:
2742:
2740:
2738:
2734:
2731:
2729:
2724:
2719:
2715:
2705:
2702:
2700:
2697:
2696:
2694:
2692:
2688:
2682:
2679:
2675:
2672:
2671:
2670:
2667:
2666:
2664:
2662:
2658:
2655:
2653:
2648:
2638:
2635:
2631:
2628:
2626:
2623:
2622:
2621:
2618:
2617:
2615:
2613:
2609:
2603:
2600:
2598:
2595:
2593:
2590:
2589:
2587:
2585:
2581:
2578:
2576:
2572:
2562:
2559:
2555:
2552:
2550:
2547:
2546:
2545:
2542:
2540:
2536:
2535:
2532:
2529:
2527:
2524:
2523:
2520:
2517:
2516:
2511:
2508:
2506:
2503:
2501:
2498:
2496:
2495:Anterior limb
2493:
2492:
2491:
2488:
2487:
2484:
2481:
2480:
2478:
2476:
2472:
2462:
2459:
2457:
2454:
2453:
2451:
2447:
2439:
2436:
2434:
2431:
2430:
2429:
2426:
2425:
2420:
2417:
2415:
2412:
2411:
2410:
2407:
2406:
2401:
2398:
2396:
2393:
2392:
2391:
2388:
2387:
2385:
2383:
2379:
2376:
2374:
2370:
2367:
2365:
2364:Basal ganglia
2361:
2356:
2352:
2351:basal ganglia
2344:
2339:
2337:
2332:
2330:
2325:
2324:
2321:
2315:
2312:
2310:
2306:
2303:
2300:
2296:
2293:
2291:
2288:
2287:
2283:
2275:
2271:
2265:
2262:
2257:
2253:
2249:
2245:
2241:
2237:
2233:
2229:
2228:J Comp Neurol
2222:
2219:
2214:
2210:
2206:
2202:
2198:
2194:
2190:
2186:
2185:J Comp Neurol
2179:
2176:
2171:
2164:
2162:
2158:
2153:
2149:
2145:
2141:
2137:
2133:
2129:
2125:
2118:
2115:
2110:
2106:
2101:
2096:
2092:
2088:
2084:
2080:
2076:
2069:
2066:
2061:
2057:
2052:
2047:
2043:
2041:9780444530158
2037:
2033:
2029:
2025:
2018:
2015:
2010:
2006:
2002:
1998:
1994:
1990:
1987:(2): 253–69.
1986:
1982:
1975:
1972:
1967:
1963:
1959:
1955:
1951:
1947:
1943:
1939:
1932:
1929:
1924:
1920:
1915:
1910:
1906:
1902:
1899:(2): 269–79.
1898:
1894:
1887:
1880:
1877:
1872:
1868:
1864:
1860:
1856:
1852:
1849:(3): 571–91.
1848:
1844:
1837:
1834:
1829:
1825:
1821:
1817:
1813:
1809:
1805:
1801:
1797:
1790:
1787:
1782:
1778:
1774:
1770:
1766:
1762:
1758:
1754:
1747:
1744:
1739:
1735:
1730:
1725:
1721:
1717:
1712:
1707:
1703:
1699:
1695:
1691:
1687:
1680:
1677:
1672:
1668:
1663:
1658:
1654:
1650:
1647:(1–2): 61–6.
1646:
1642:
1638:
1631:
1628:
1623:
1619:
1614:
1609:
1605:
1601:
1597:
1593:
1589:
1582:
1579:
1574:
1570:
1566:
1562:
1558:
1554:
1550:
1546:
1539:
1536:
1531:
1527:
1523:
1519:
1515:
1511:
1508:(1–2): 41–9.
1507:
1503:
1496:
1493:
1488:
1484:
1480:
1476:
1472:
1468:
1464:
1460:
1453:
1450:
1445:
1441:
1437:
1433:
1429:
1425:
1422:(4): 534–42.
1421:
1417:
1410:
1407:
1402:
1398:
1394:
1390:
1386:
1382:
1378:
1374:
1366:
1363:
1358:
1352:
1344:
1338:
1334:
1333:
1325:
1322:
1317:
1311:
1303:
1297:
1293:
1292:
1284:
1281:
1276:
1274:9780199723164
1270:
1266:
1260:
1258:
1254:
1249:
1245:
1240:
1235:
1231:
1227:
1223:
1219:
1215:
1208:
1205:
1200:
1196:
1191:
1186:
1182:
1178:
1174:
1170:
1166:
1159:
1156:
1151:
1147:
1142:
1137:
1134:(4): 419–37.
1133:
1129:
1125:
1118:
1115:
1110:
1108:9780195100273
1104:
1100:
1093:
1091:
1087:
1082:
1078:
1074:
1070:
1066:
1062:
1058:
1054:
1050:
1046:
1042:
1035:
1032:
1027:
1023:
1019:
1015:
1012:(2): 268–87.
1011:
1007:
999:
996:
991:
987:
983:
979:
975:
971:
967:
963:
956:
953:
948:
944:
940:
936:
932:
928:
924:
920:
913:
910:
905:
901:
897:
893:
889:
885:
882:(2): 145–61.
881:
877:
870:
867:
862:
858:
854:
850:
846:
842:
838:
834:
827:
824:
819:
815:
811:
807:
803:
799:
795:
791:
784:
781:
776:
770:
766:
759:
756:
750:
748:
746:
738:
735:
732:
731:medial septum
728:
725:
722:
719:
716:
712:
708:
707:
706:
704:
703:dentate gyrus
697:Dentate gyrus
696:
691:
687:
683:
679:
678:
674:
671:
668:
665:
661:
658:
654:
650:
647:
644:
643:granule cells
640:
637:
634:
630:
626:
623:
619:
615:
611:
607:
604:
603:
602:
598:
596:
592:
588:
584:
583:cornu ammonis
580:
577:
573:
572:cross section
568:
565:
563:
559:
555:
551:
547:
543:
542:cornu ammonis
539:
538:dentate gyrus
535:
527:
521:
514:
513:Dentate gyrus
509:
504:
496:
494:
492:
488:
483:
479:
474:
470:
466:
462:
458:
457:contralateral
454:
446:
444:
442:
437:
435:
431:
427:
423:
419:
415:
411:
407:
399:
395:
391:
387:
384:
380:
376:
373:
369:
365:
364:
363:
361:
358:
354:
345:
338:
336:
329:
324:
322:
320:
316:
312:
308:
304:
300:
296:
292:
288:
284:
280:
276:
272:
271:medial septum
268:
264:
263:
257:
255:
251:
247:
241:
239:
235:
231:
227:
223:
218:
216:
212:
208:
204:
200:
196:
192:
188:
184:
181:areas: first
180:
179:Cornu Ammonis
176:
172:
171:granule cells
168:
167:dentate gyrus
159:
152:
150:
148:
144:
140:
136:
132:
128:
124:
120:
116:
115:limbic system
106:
102:
100:
95:
91:
87:
83:
79:
75:
71:
67:
63:
62:temporal lobe
59:
55:
47:
39:
33:
19:
2794:White matter
2727:
2691:White matter
2612:White matter
2537:
2475:White matter
2273:
2264:
2231:
2227:
2221:
2188:
2184:
2178:
2169:
2127:
2123:
2117:
2082:
2078:
2068:
2023:
2017:
1984:
1980:
1974:
1941:
1937:
1931:
1896:
1892:
1879:
1846:
1843:Neuroscience
1842:
1836:
1803:
1799:
1795:
1789:
1759:(1): 36–58.
1756:
1752:
1746:
1693:
1689:
1679:
1644:
1640:
1630:
1595:
1591:
1581:
1551:(1): 31–44.
1548:
1545:Neuroscience
1544:
1538:
1505:
1501:
1495:
1462:
1458:
1452:
1419:
1415:
1409:
1376:
1372:
1365:
1331:
1324:
1290:
1283:
1264:
1221:
1217:
1207:
1175:(1): 75–82.
1172:
1168:
1158:
1131:
1127:
1117:
1098:
1048:
1044:
1034:
1009:
1005:
998:
965:
961:
955:
922:
918:
912:
879:
875:
869:
836:
832:
826:
793:
789:
783:
764:
758:
745:Hippocampome
744:
742:
736:
726:
720:
715:interneurons
710:
700:
686:theta rhythm
681:
675:
669:
659:
648:
638:
629:interneurons
624:
610:basket cells
605:
599:
582:
569:
566:
557:
553:
549:
544:(literally "
541:
531:
477:
473:presubicular
464:
460:
456:
452:
450:
440:
438:
429:
421:
417:
413:
405:
403:
389:
382:
378:
371:
367:
359:
356:
352:
350:
333:
303:raphe nuclei
295:hypothalamic
260:
258:
242:
237:
219:
178:
164:
143:triune brain
139:Paul MacLean
122:
118:
111:
99:Neuroimaging
53:
52:
2737:Grey matter
2718:Archicortex
2661:Grey matter
2584:Grey matter
2373:Grey matter
2355:human brain
2295:Hippocampus
1796:association
1416:Hippocampus
1006:Exp. Neurol
680:(sulc.) or
581:. The name
434:O-LMR cells
360:subcortical
72:monster of
58:hippocampus
751:References
469:entorhinal
220:The major
211:entorhinal
2784:Subiculum
2461:Claustrum
1720:0027-8424
1351:cite book
1310:cite book
1081:206539012
833:Brain Res
747:website.
614:dendrites
279:claustrum
207:subiculum
203:neocortex
86:mammalian
70:sea-horse
2836:Category
2456:Amygdala
2382:Striatum
2349:Rostral
2256:44257239
2213:41672064
2205:13385382
2152:25960013
2060:17765709
2009:46320248
1966:41672064
1958:13385382
1923:24336151
1871:28430607
1828:30954240
1781:22493885
1773:23043857
1738:25139992
1622:23042082
1573:24486668
1530:23300272
1522:11259758
1487:36438302
1444:24965222
1436:12201638
1401:25038544
1199:13131081
1150:13475143
1073:22442486
990:27256712
947:30954240
904:28989051
853:11119694
818:12075886
621:sparser.
587:Egyptian
556:and the
540:and the
379:temporal
291:thalamus
285:and the
273:and the
267:amygdala
135:amygdala
2807:Fimbria
2395:Putamen
2353:of the
2307:at the
2144:9104599
2109:2432200
2100:6568657
2051:2492885
1914:4004172
1863:2687721
1729:4156755
1698:Bibcode
1671:8105429
1662:3281807
1613:3483451
1565:1978740
1479:8929332
1393:3401733
1248:6171629
1239:6564220
1141:1244899
1053:Bibcode
1045:Science
1026:4422320
896:4118866
861:8455285
810:5570425
682:fissure
570:Cut in
465:ventral
441:fimbria
390:midline
388:In the
383:fimbria
193:, then
147:emotion
117:(Latin
94:primate
64:of the
2802:Alveus
2650:Other
2301:(MeSH)
2254:
2248:730852
2246:
2211:
2203:
2150:
2142:
2107:
2097:
2058:
2048:
2038:
2007:
2001:567658
1999:
1964:
1956:
1921:
1911:
1869:
1861:
1826:
1820:690280
1818:
1779:
1771:
1736:
1726:
1718:
1669:
1659:
1620:
1610:
1571:
1563:
1528:
1520:
1485:
1477:
1442:
1434:
1399:
1391:
1339:
1298:
1271:
1246:
1236:
1197:
1190:503161
1187:
1148:
1138:
1105:
1079:
1071:
1024:
988:
982:422759
980:
945:
939:690280
937:
902:
894:
859:
851:
816:
808:
771:
656:cells.
618:septal
589:deity
461:dorsal
406:alveus
398:fornix
372:alveus
309:, the
289:, the
281:, the
277:, the
133:, and
123:border
119:limbus
2449:Other
2252:S2CID
2209:S2CID
2148:S2CID
2005:S2CID
1962:S2CID
1889:(PDF)
1867:S2CID
1824:S2CID
1777:S2CID
1569:S2CID
1526:S2CID
1483:S2CID
1440:S2CID
1397:S2CID
1077:S2CID
986:S2CID
943:S2CID
900:S2CID
857:S2CID
814:S2CID
579:horns
576:ram's
558:hilus
546:Ammon
66:brain
2500:Genu
2244:PMID
2201:PMID
2140:PMID
2105:PMID
2056:PMID
2036:ISBN
1997:PMID
1954:PMID
1919:PMID
1859:PMID
1816:PMID
1769:PMID
1734:PMID
1716:ISSN
1667:PMID
1618:PMID
1561:PMID
1518:PMID
1475:PMID
1432:PMID
1389:PMID
1357:link
1337:ISBN
1316:link
1296:ISBN
1269:ISBN
1244:PMID
1195:PMID
1146:PMID
1103:ISBN
1069:PMID
1022:PMID
978:PMID
935:PMID
892:PMID
849:PMID
806:PMID
769:ISBN
709:The
701:The
591:Amun
532:The
489:and
471:and
463:and
416:and
357:from
355:and
78:Amun
2765:CA4
2760:CA3
2755:CA2
2750:CA1
2438:GPi
2433:GPe
2236:doi
2232:182
2193:doi
2189:105
2132:doi
2095:PMC
2087:doi
2046:PMC
2028:doi
1989:doi
1985:181
1946:doi
1942:105
1909:PMC
1901:doi
1851:doi
1808:doi
1804:181
1761:doi
1724:PMC
1706:doi
1694:111
1657:PMC
1649:doi
1645:156
1608:PMC
1600:doi
1553:doi
1510:doi
1506:895
1467:doi
1463:286
1424:doi
1381:doi
1377:452
1234:PMC
1226:doi
1185:PMC
1177:doi
1136:PMC
1061:doi
1049:335
1014:doi
970:doi
966:184
927:doi
923:181
884:doi
880:147
841:doi
837:886
798:doi
690:EEG
195:CA1
191:CA2
187:CA3
183:CA4
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