588:. The 6th and 11th vertebrae are the longest. There is a pleurocoel (an air pocket) on the 5th through 12th vertebrae located on the middle of each vertebra. The pleurocoel is nearly circular on the 5th vertebra, diameter 4.8 mm (0.19 in), and ovular on the 6th, length 5 mm (0.20 in). The articular surface (where a vertebra contacts another vertebra) on the anterior (headward) side is strongly concave, and the posterior (tailward) articular surface is moderately convex. The anterior articular surfaces are almost square and are wider than the posterior articular surfaces. The
2947:
475:
569:
2812:
1681:
2817:
138:
641:
120:
2840:
1604:
557:
2935:
1631:
and radius, the growth marks indicate the holotype was older than 6 or 7 years when it died. A portion of the radius bears 3 distinct dark bands which indicate periods of arrested growth, which points to seasonal growth spurts. Because growth restarted near the edge of the bone, the specimen probably
602:
had because the specimen only preserves the first 6 vertebrae. The dorsal vertebrae are shorter than the neck vertebrae, but the 2nd and 3rd dorsal vertebrae have larger pleurocoels. The anterior articular surface is slightly concave, and the posterior articular surface nearly flat. Only the last 2
401:, JPM-2015-001, is a nearly complete skeleton of an individual at least seven or eight years old, lacking distal caudal vertebrae but including the skull and lower jaw (JPM-2015-001). It is one of better preserved oviraptorosaurian specimens known so far. It was discovered in the
1580:(stomach stones) which some herbivores use to aid in digesting tough plant matter, which all may indicate oviraptorids were omnivorous. It is unclear what plants they ate because the paleofloral assemblages of Late Cretaceous China is poorly known, which suggestions for
654:
is almost completely preserved, and makes up about 27% of the entire length of the arm, and 48% excluding the hand. Like other oviraptorids, the humerus is weakly twisted. The deltopectoral crest near the shoulder is short and runs across 31% of the humerus. The
1668:, with larger and more ornamented casques equating to higher ranking in the group hierarchy or better fitness during mating season, but cassowary casques do not vary very much between individuals. The cassowary-like crest, neck, and sharp claw may indicate
365:
probably died at the age of 6 or 7, meaning growth continued into at least the 8th year of development. The type specimen reached 1.6 m (5 ft 3 in) in length. Oviraptorids may have predominantly inhabited arid environments and ate
633:(which locks two vertebrae together) and the transverse process (which juts out diagonally from the vertebra); the infradiapophyseal fossa at the base of the transverse process; and the pleurocoel. The neural arches are similar to those of
2047:
Xing, L.; Lockley, M. G.; Li, D.; et al. (2017). "Late
Cretaceous ornithopod-dominated, theropod, and pterosaur track assemblages from the Nanxiong Basin, China: New discoveries, ichnotaxonomy, and paleoecology".
1656:. The cassowary uses its casque to dissipate heat from the brain cavity, and as an resonator to aid in the detection or gauge the point of origin of low frequency signals across a greater distance. In
826:. There was a high oviraptorid diversity in the Late Cretaceous of South China, with representatives of three different oviraptorid clades. Below is a family tree of Oviraptoridae based on Lü
1632:
died at the beginning of a new growing season and therefore was still a young adult which had not yet reached its maximum size. If the crest did serve as a mating display, this would suggest
619:
are preserved, of which the first 3 are complete. Both articular surfaces are flat. The pleurocoels are small and long on the first 2 vertebrae, and somewhat larger on the remaining. Like
2020:
Xing, L.; Niu, K.; Wang, D.; Marquez, A. P. (2020). "A partial articulated hadrosaurid skeleton from the
Maastrichtian (Upper Cretaceous) of the Ganzhou area, Jiangxi Province, China".
1660:, the latter may have been used to hear predators or prey items, or possibly to pick up low frequency mating calls as modern cassowaries do. However, it is unclear if
501:
is more pneumatized than that of the cassowary. This may have made the crest quite pliable, incapable of withstanding concussive force such as during head butting.
607:
are preserved, and each are smooth, round, and bear a small pleurocoel. The rib of the last sacral vertebra is stout and touches the postacetabular process on the
775:(the number of phalanges per digit) is 2-3-4-5. The 3rd digit is the longest, and the 4th is slightly longer than the 2nd. The toe claws are moderately curved.
699:(finger bones) are long and robust, the longest being the first phalanx about 72% longer than the second metacarpal, and the third phalanx is the smallest. The
1588:, but the jaws do not appear to have been well-equipped to crush shells, and the arid environment probably did not sustain a high enough shellfish population.
2967:
2101:
1533:
due to them both sharing unique characteristics of the skull. He further explained that the proposed diagnosis distinguishing the taxa was based on
1584:(drought-resistant) plants as oviraptorids are typically found in arid environments, as well as nuts and seeds. It has also been proposed they ate
592:
are fused to the vertebrae. The neural arches (which project outwards from the vertebrae) are densely pneumatized with several small air chambers.
539:. The ventral side (underside) of the premaxillae is highly broken up, which could indicate the bone was lightweight, perhaps being pneumatized.
2977:
2833:
1836:
675:
is slightly shorter and narrower than the ulna, and is curved cranially which causes a gap between the radius and the ulna much like in
629:(depressions) on the vertebrae except for the first one: the infraprezygapophyseal fossa on the anterior side near the junction of the
1636:
was sexually active before it finished growing, and that growth continued for more than 8 years. At this point in its development,
667:
is slightly shorter than the humerus and makes up 26% of the entire arm length including the hand, and features a poorly developed
2982:
743:
may have fused with it. There is a rough 41 mm × 15 mm (1.61 in × 0.59 in) muscular scar where the
1664:
was capable of producing low frequencies since these are produced in the throat. It is also possible the crests were used for
2811:
2094:
1841:
1695:
Ganzhou is well renowned for its oviraptorid diversity, yielding oviraptorid egg clutches, skeletons, and six other genera:
458:
137:
2816:
2925:
691:
is 41% longer than the first, and is moderately robust with the shaft diameter being 13% of the total length. The
2087:
1946:
2843:
2198:
992:
811:
2860:
688:
1729:. The assemblage forms a distinct province, the "Ganzhou Dinosaurian Fauna". Other dinosaurs include the
2972:
2905:
2483:
791:
692:
684:
494:
358:
1981:"A new oviraptorid (Dinosauria: Theropoda) from the Upper Cretaceous of Bayan Mandahu, Inner Mongolia"
2892:
2252:
2057:
1992:
1899:
1886:
Lü, J.; Li, G.; Kundrát, M.; Lee, Y.-N.; Sun, Z.; Kobayashi, Y.; Shen, C.; Teng, F.; Liu, H. (2017).
1640:
reached about 1.6 m (5 ft 3 in) in length, which is medium-sized for an oviraptorid.
474:
2374:
1888:"High diversity of the Ganzhou Oviraptorid Fauna increased by a new cassowary-like crested species"
630:
390:
1680:
568:
519:(at the tip of the snout) features several irregularly distributed pits, which probably represent
2225:
1689:
1616:
1612:
1592:
736:
660:
405:
375:
325:
132:
2910:
2402:
2367:
1927:
1665:
886:
744:
740:
724:
425:
347:
2939:
2587:
2320:
2298:
2264:
2110:
2065:
2029:
2000:
1961:
1917:
1907:
1792:
1767:
1734:
604:
596:
361:
with many air pockets. Microanalysis of the bones indicates seasonal growth spurts, and the
1797:
640:
2512:
2425:
2409:
2183:
1772:
1730:
1591:
Because six different oviraptorid species are known from
Ganzhou, they may have exhibited
735:
is longer than the ilium and makes up 30% of the total leg length including the foot. The
703:(claws) are weakly curved, and decrease in size and curvature from first to third finger.
626:
454:
402:
374:
coexisted with six other oviraptorid genera, and they may have all eaten different foods (
339:
30:
2061:
1996:
1903:
2780:
2766:
2573:
2550:
2435:
2360:
2345:
1922:
1887:
1743:
1524:
1286:
394:
119:
2961:
2752:
2730:
2655:
2602:
2476:
2462:
2386:
2005:
1980:
1823:
1788:
1739:
1713:
1703:
1337:
1311:
838:
764:
672:
616:
585:
433:
362:
322:
315:
234:
221:
70:
1603:
767:
running along half of its length. The foot is 29% the length of the leg. Like other
2951:
2723:
2679:
2637:
2580:
2523:
2497:
2167:
1803:
1758:
1752:
1725:
1719:
1624:
1386:
1262:
1126:
1057:
800:
772:
608:
536:
528:
524:
264:
2033:
2883:
2069:
2773:
2706:
2644:
2566:
2559:
2395:
2237:
1813:
1776:
1763:
1577:
1572:
1570:; oviraptorids are usually quite abundant which is typical of an herbivore; and
1559:
1534:
1362:
787:
497:
and features several chambers separated by thin bony walls, though the crest of
417:
329:
45:
1912:
2787:
2738:
2615:
2539:
2469:
2455:
2448:
2149:
2140:
1784:
1780:
1581:
1213:
1151:
720:
710:
680:
516:
512:
429:
367:
338:, known from a single well-preserved skeleton, and named after paleontologist
195:
90:
55:
2745:
2694:
2687:
2622:
2490:
2352:
2210:
2158:
1808:
1653:
1585:
1404:
969:
945:
861:
822:
816:
696:
668:
621:
508:
486:
438:
343:
208:
149:
95:
39:
1931:
556:
687:(the thumb) is the shortest and is slightly concave on the underside. The
2877:
2664:
2629:
2504:
2338:
2134:
1965:
1748:
1567:
1015:
903:
806:
768:
749:
715:
644:
520:
457:
who mentored three of the authors while they were getting their PhD's at
398:
318:
182:
169:
85:
80:
65:
60:
50:
2532:
728:
651:
490:
421:
413:
409:
100:
75:
2128:
1818:
1628:
1563:
1558:
The jaw structure of oviraptorids is similar to those of herbivorous
700:
656:
612:
159:
2854:
449:
is in reference to the distinct crest on its head. The species name
420:. The specimen is now kept at the Jinzhou Paleontological Museum in
2079:
2759:
2715:
1697:
1679:
1602:
1529:
1523:
was called into question by Cau (2024), who considered it to be a
1238:
1169:
795:
760:
755:
732:
639:
473:
311:
2897:
664:
532:
2858:
2121:
2083:
713:, had a saurischian hip. Like other late oviraptorids (except
589:
485:
bore a tall crest on its head similar to that of the modern
1947:"A Unified Framework for Predatory Dinosaur Macroevolution"
1652:
is apparently quite similar to the casque of the modern
763:
is 19% longer than the femur, and features a pronounced
478:
Skull reconstruction (left) and head restoration (right)
695:
is the same length as the second but 68% narrower. The
370:(drought-resistant) plants, nuts, and seeds. However,
342:. It bears a tall crest similar to that of the modern
2923:
515:
seem to be highly pneumatized. The lower part of the
1595:, with different species targeting different foods.
432:, and the neck was in a circular curl much like the
2867:
2705:
2654:
2601:
2549:
2522:
2434:
2423:
2385:
2318:
2263:
2236:
2209:
2182:
1979:Longrich, N.R.; Currie, P.J.; Zhi-Ming, D. (2010).
723:is concave cranially. Like other oviraptorids, the
1787:, therizinosaurids, tyrannosaurids, oviraptorids,
683:(at the wrist) are closely squeezed together. The
2050:Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology
1827:). The area was probably a lakeside environment.
489:, with a 2 mm (0.079 in) thick perhaps
1954:Bollettino della Società Paleontologica Italiana
1771:. Hadrosaurids are conspicuously rare. However,
350:and resonance to detect lower-frequency sounds.
830:, 2017 (bolded species inhabited South China):
1881:
1879:
1877:
346:, and possibly had a similar functionality of
2095:
1875:
1873:
1871:
1869:
1867:
1865:
1863:
1861:
1859:
1857:
1779:area indicate an assemblage of predominantly
739:on the head of the femur is massive, and the
8:
1541:would represent a more mature individual of
659:end is expanded and bears a well developed
295:
2855:
2607:
2440:
2431:
2330:
2326:
2315:
2242:
2215:
2188:
2179:
2118:
2102:
2088:
2080:
453:honors American vertebrate paleontologist
118:
20:
2004:
1921:
1911:
527:to flow, indicating a keratinous sheath (
671:(which also forms the elbow joint). The
2930:
1853:
1688:in the Late Cretaceous settings of the
353:Like other oviraptorids, the bones of
7:
408:near the Ganzhou Railway Station in
1837:Timeline of oviraptorosaur research
1378:
1354:
1328:
1302:
1278:
1254:
1230:
1204:
1143:
1117:
1110:
1031:
1007:
985:
961:
937:
878:
852:
845:
833:
663:(which forms the elbow joint). The
14:
2968:Late Cretaceous dinosaurs of Asia
1607:Comparison between the casque of
436:for the contemporary oviraptorid
127:Holotype skeletal reconstruction
2945:
2933:
2839:
2838:
2815:
2810:
2006:10.1111/j.1475-4983.2010.00968.x
1672:had a cassowary-like lifestyle.
567:
555:
493:bony shell casing. The crest is
136:
442:. What caused this is unclear.
1842:2017 in archosaur paleontology
1537:variable characters. As such,
747:is expected to be, similar to
727:is midway on the shaft of the
1:
2978:Fossil taxa described in 2017
2034:10.1080/08912963.2020.1782397
1627:analysis on a portion of the
459:Southern Methodist University
2070:10.1016/j.palaeo.2016.11.035
397:and colleagues in 2017. The
332:. It contains one species,
2999:
1913:10.1038/s41598-017-05016-6
1338:Ganzhousaurus nankangensis
1312:Jiangxisaurus ganzhouensis
1287:Machairasaurus leptonychus
679:. The proximal end of the
428:. It was not in a typical
393:by Chinese paleontologist
16:Extinct genus of dinosaurs
2828:
2808:
2610:
2443:
2333:
2329:
2314:
2295:
2245:
2218:
2191:
2178:
2117:
1783:(hadrosaurids), but also
1400:
1383:
1376:
1359:
1352:
1333:
1326:
1307:
1300:
1283:
1276:
1259:
1252:
1235:
1228:
1209:
1202:
1165:
1148:
1141:
1122:
1115:
1108:
1058:Huanansaurus ganzhouensis
1053:
1036:
1029:
1012:
1005:
990:
983:
966:
959:
942:
935:
900:
883:
876:
857:
850:
843:
804:, and closely related to
574:Line diagram of the block
270:
263:
133:Scientific classification
131:
126:
117:
23:
993:Zamyn Khondt oviraptorid
812:Zamyn Khondt oviraptorid
2983:Paleontology in Jiangxi
946:Oviraptor philoceratops
731:and is triangular. The
595:It is unclear how many
507:had a relatively large
1692:
1620:
970:Rinchenia mongoliensis
862:Nankangia jiangxiensis
689:second metacarpal bone
647:
479:
2906:Paleobiology Database
1801:, sauropods (perhaps
1683:
1606:
1363:Nemegtomaia barsboldi
1263:Conchoraptor gracilis
1040:Corythoraptor jacobsi
792:phylogenetic analysis
693:third metacarpal bone
685:first metacarpal bone
643:
477:
273:Corythoraptor jacobsi
1966:10.4435/BSPI.2024.08
1945:Cau, Andrea (2024).
1527:of the contemporary
1152:Wulatelong gobiensis
1127:Tongtianlong limosus
547:Postcranial skeleton
2375:Scansoriopterygidae
2062:2017PPP...466..303X
1997:2010Palgy..53..945L
1904:2017NatSR...7.6393L
2022:Historical Biology
1892:Scientific Reports
1793:deinonychosaurians
1693:
1690:Nanxiong Formation
1621:
1593:niche partitioning
1387:"Ingenia" yanshini
1016:Citipati osmolskae
904:Nomingia gobiensis
773:phalangeal formula
737:greater trochanter
648:
480:
406:Nanxiong Formation
376:niche partitioning
326:Nanxiong Formation
323:late Maastrichtian
2921:
2920:
2861:Taxon identifiers
2852:
2851:
2824:
2823:
2806:
2805:
2802:
2801:
2798:
2797:
2597:
2596:
2419:
2418:
2403:Similicaudipteryx
2368:Protarchaeopteryx
2310:
2309:
2306:
2305:
2291:
2290:
2287:
2286:
2283:
2282:
2028:(10): 2256–2259.
1644:Function of crest
1516:
1515:
1507:
1506:
1498:
1497:
1489:
1488:
1480:
1479:
1471:
1470:
1462:
1461:
1453:
1452:
1444:
1443:
1435:
1434:
1426:
1425:
1417:
1416:
1214:Shixinggia oblita
1191:
1190:
1182:
1181:
1097:
1096:
1088:
1087:
1079:
1078:
1070:
1069:
924:
923:
915:
914:
794:recovers it in a
745:fourth trochanter
741:lesser trochanter
725:obturator process
461:, Dallas, Texas.
426:Liaoning Province
287:
286:
259:
2990:
2950:
2949:
2948:
2938:
2937:
2936:
2929:
2914:
2913:
2901:
2900:
2888:
2887:
2886:
2856:
2842:
2841:
2819:
2814:
2608:
2588:Epichirostenotes
2441:
2432:
2331:
2327:
2321:Oviraptorosauria
2316:
2299:Oviraptorosauria
2265:Oviraptorosauria
2243:
2216:
2189:
2180:
2173:
2172:
2119:
2111:Oviraptorosauria
2104:
2097:
2090:
2081:
2074:
2073:
2044:
2038:
2037:
2017:
2011:
2010:
2008:
1976:
1970:
1969:
1951:
1942:
1936:
1935:
1925:
1915:
1883:
1775:from the nearby
1773:fossil trackways
1768:Microhadrosaurus
1735:Nanshiungosaurus
1676:Paleoenvironment
1519:The validity of
1405:Heyuannia huangi
1379:
1355:
1329:
1303:
1279:
1255:
1231:
1205:
1144:
1118:
1111:
1032:
1008:
986:
962:
938:
879:
853:
846:
834:
645:Life restoration
605:sacral vertebrae
597:dorsal vertebrae
571:
559:
309:
306:
303:
300:
297:
253:
246:
233:
220:
141:
140:
122:
112:
42:
29:Temporal range:
21:
2998:
2997:
2993:
2992:
2991:
2989:
2988:
2987:
2958:
2957:
2956:
2946:
2944:
2934:
2932:
2924:
2922:
2917:
2909:
2904:
2896:
2891:
2882:
2881:
2876:
2863:
2853:
2848:
2820:
2794:
2701:
2650:
2593:
2545:
2518:
2513:Ojoraptorsaurus
2428:
2426:Caenagnathoidea
2415:
2410:Xingtianosaurus
2381:
2323:
2302:
2279:
2259:
2232:
2205:
2199:Avemetatarsalia
2184:Avemetatarsalia
2174:
2124:
2123:
2113:
2108:
2078:
2077:
2046:
2045:
2041:
2019:
2018:
2014:
1978:
1977:
1973:
1949:
1944:
1943:
1939:
1885:
1884:
1855:
1850:
1833:
1789:coelurosaurians
1731:therizinosaurid
1678:
1646:
1601:
1576:was found with
1556:
1551:
1535:ontogenetically
1517:
1508:
1499:
1490:
1481:
1472:
1463:
1454:
1445:
1436:
1427:
1418:
1192:
1183:
1098:
1089:
1080:
1071:
925:
916:
781:
631:prezygapophysis
579:
578:
577:
576:
575:
572:
564:
563:
560:
549:
543:was toothless.
472:
467:
455:Louis L. Jacobs
403:Late Cretaceous
384:
340:Louis L. Jacobs
307:
304:
301:
298:
283:
276:
252:
244:
231:
218:
135:
113:
111:
110:
109:
108:
103:
98:
93:
88:
83:
78:
73:
68:
63:
58:
53:
48:
37:
36:
34:
31:Late Cretaceous
27:
17:
12:
11:
5:
2996:
2994:
2986:
2985:
2980:
2975:
2970:
2960:
2959:
2955:
2954:
2942:
2919:
2918:
2916:
2915:
2902:
2889:
2873:
2871:
2865:
2864:
2859:
2850:
2849:
2847:
2846:
2836:
2829:
2826:
2825:
2822:
2821:
2809:
2807:
2804:
2803:
2800:
2799:
2796:
2795:
2793:
2792:
2784:
2777:
2770:
2767:Machairasaurus
2763:
2756:
2749:
2742:
2735:
2727:
2720:
2711:
2709:
2703:
2702:
2700:
2699:
2691:
2684:
2676:
2668:
2660:
2658:
2652:
2651:
2649:
2648:
2641:
2634:
2626:
2619:
2611:
2605:
2599:
2598:
2595:
2594:
2592:
2591:
2584:
2577:
2574:Caenagnathasia
2570:
2563:
2555:
2553:
2551:Caenagnathinae
2547:
2546:
2544:
2543:
2536:
2528:
2526:
2520:
2519:
2517:
2516:
2509:
2501:
2494:
2487:
2480:
2473:
2466:
2459:
2452:
2444:
2438:
2436:Caenagnathidae
2429:
2424:
2421:
2420:
2417:
2416:
2414:
2413:
2406:
2399:
2391:
2389:
2383:
2382:
2380:
2379:
2371:
2364:
2361:Ningyuansaurus
2357:
2349:
2346:Incisivosaurus
2342:
2334:
2324:
2319:
2312:
2311:
2308:
2307:
2304:
2303:
2296:
2293:
2292:
2289:
2288:
2285:
2284:
2281:
2280:
2278:
2277:
2276:
2275:
2269:
2267:
2261:
2260:
2258:
2257:
2256:
2255:
2246:
2240:
2234:
2233:
2231:
2230:
2229:
2228:
2219:
2213:
2207:
2206:
2204:
2203:
2202:
2201:
2192:
2186:
2176:
2175:
2171:
2170:
2161:
2152:
2143:
2137:
2131:
2122:
2115:
2114:
2109:
2107:
2106:
2099:
2092:
2084:
2076:
2075:
2039:
2012:
1991:(5): 945–960.
1971:
1937:
1898:(6393): 6393.
1852:
1851:
1849:
1846:
1845:
1844:
1839:
1832:
1829:
1744:Qianzhousaurus
1677:
1674:
1645:
1642:
1600:
1597:
1555:
1552:
1550:
1547:
1525:junior synonym
1514:
1513:
1510:
1509:
1505:
1504:
1501:
1500:
1496:
1495:
1492:
1491:
1487:
1486:
1483:
1482:
1478:
1477:
1474:
1473:
1469:
1468:
1465:
1464:
1460:
1459:
1456:
1455:
1451:
1450:
1447:
1446:
1442:
1441:
1438:
1437:
1433:
1432:
1429:
1428:
1424:
1423:
1420:
1419:
1415:
1414:
1411:
1410:
1399:
1396:
1395:
1392:
1391:
1382:
1377:
1375:
1372:
1371:
1368:
1367:
1358:
1353:
1351:
1348:
1347:
1344:
1343:
1332:
1327:
1325:
1322:
1321:
1318:
1317:
1306:
1301:
1299:
1296:
1295:
1292:
1291:
1282:
1277:
1275:
1272:
1271:
1268:
1267:
1258:
1253:
1251:
1248:
1247:
1244:
1243:
1239:Khaan mckennai
1234:
1229:
1227:
1224:
1223:
1220:
1219:
1208:
1203:
1201:
1198:
1197:
1194:
1193:
1189:
1188:
1185:
1184:
1180:
1179:
1176:
1175:
1164:
1161:
1160:
1157:
1156:
1147:
1142:
1140:
1137:
1136:
1133:
1132:
1121:
1116:
1114:
1109:
1107:
1104:
1103:
1100:
1099:
1095:
1094:
1091:
1090:
1086:
1085:
1082:
1081:
1077:
1076:
1073:
1072:
1068:
1067:
1064:
1063:
1052:
1049:
1048:
1045:
1044:
1035:
1030:
1028:
1025:
1024:
1021:
1020:
1011:
1006:
1004:
1001:
1000:
997:
996:
989:
984:
982:
979:
978:
975:
974:
965:
960:
958:
955:
954:
951:
950:
941:
936:
934:
931:
930:
927:
926:
922:
921:
918:
917:
913:
912:
909:
908:
899:
896:
895:
892:
891:
882:
877:
875:
872:
871:
868:
867:
856:
851:
849:
844:
842:
832:
780:
779:Classification
777:
625:, there are 3
617:tail vertebrae
615:. The first 5
586:neck vertebrae
573:
566:
565:
562:Holotype block
561:
554:
553:
552:
551:
550:
548:
545:
523:which allowed
471:
468:
466:
463:
383:
380:
305:helmeted thief
285:
284:
277:
268:
267:
261:
260:
242:
238:
237:
229:
225:
224:
216:
212:
211:
206:
199:
198:
193:
186:
185:
180:
173:
172:
167:
163:
162:
157:
153:
152:
147:
143:
142:
129:
128:
124:
123:
115:
114:
106:
105:
104:
99:
94:
89:
84:
79:
74:
69:
64:
59:
54:
49:
44:
43:
28:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2995:
2984:
2981:
2979:
2976:
2974:
2971:
2969:
2966:
2965:
2963:
2953:
2943:
2941:
2931:
2927:
2912:
2907:
2903:
2899:
2894:
2890:
2885:
2879:
2875:
2874:
2872:
2870:
2869:Corythoraptor
2866:
2862:
2857:
2845:
2837:
2835:
2831:
2830:
2827:
2818:
2813:
2790:
2789:
2785:
2783:
2782:
2778:
2776:
2775:
2771:
2769:
2768:
2764:
2762:
2761:
2757:
2755:
2754:
2753:Jiangxisaurus
2750:
2748:
2747:
2743:
2741:
2740:
2736:
2733:
2732:
2731:Ganzhousaurus
2728:
2726:
2725:
2721:
2718:
2717:
2713:
2712:
2710:
2708:
2704:
2697:
2696:
2692:
2690:
2689:
2685:
2682:
2681:
2677:
2674:
2673:
2672:Corythoraptor
2669:
2667:
2666:
2662:
2661:
2659:
2657:
2656:Oviraptorinae
2653:
2647:
2646:
2642:
2640:
2639:
2635:
2632:
2631:
2627:
2625:
2624:
2620:
2618:
2617:
2613:
2612:
2609:
2606:
2604:
2603:Oviraptoridae
2600:
2590:
2589:
2585:
2583:
2582:
2578:
2576:
2575:
2571:
2569:
2568:
2564:
2562:
2561:
2557:
2556:
2554:
2552:
2548:
2542:
2541:
2537:
2535:
2534:
2530:
2529:
2527:
2525:
2521:
2515:
2514:
2510:
2507:
2506:
2502:
2500:
2499:
2495:
2493:
2492:
2488:
2486:
2485:
2484:Leptorhynchos
2481:
2479:
2478:
2477:Gigantoraptor
2474:
2472:
2471:
2467:
2465:
2464:
2463:Chirostenotes
2460:
2458:
2457:
2453:
2451:
2450:
2446:
2445:
2442:
2439:
2437:
2433:
2430:
2427:
2422:
2412:
2411:
2407:
2405:
2404:
2400:
2398:
2397:
2393:
2392:
2390:
2388:
2387:Caudipteridae
2384:
2377:
2376:
2372:
2370:
2369:
2365:
2363:
2362:
2358:
2355:
2354:
2350:
2348:
2347:
2343:
2341:
2340:
2336:
2335:
2332:
2328:
2325:
2322:
2317:
2313:
2301:
2300:
2294:
2273:
2272:
2271:
2270:
2268:
2266:
2262:
2254:
2250:
2249:
2248:
2247:
2244:
2241:
2239:
2235:
2227:
2223:
2222:
2221:
2220:
2217:
2214:
2212:
2208:
2200:
2196:
2195:
2194:
2193:
2190:
2187:
2185:
2181:
2177:
2169:
2165:
2162:
2160:
2156:
2153:
2151:
2147:
2144:
2142:
2138:
2136:
2132:
2130:
2126:
2125:
2120:
2116:
2112:
2105:
2100:
2098:
2093:
2091:
2086:
2085:
2082:
2071:
2067:
2063:
2059:
2055:
2051:
2043:
2040:
2035:
2031:
2027:
2023:
2016:
2013:
2007:
2002:
1998:
1994:
1990:
1986:
1985:Palaeontology
1982:
1975:
1972:
1967:
1963:
1959:
1955:
1948:
1941:
1938:
1933:
1929:
1924:
1919:
1914:
1909:
1905:
1901:
1897:
1893:
1889:
1882:
1880:
1878:
1876:
1874:
1872:
1870:
1868:
1866:
1864:
1862:
1860:
1858:
1854:
1847:
1843:
1840:
1838:
1835:
1834:
1830:
1828:
1826:
1825:
1824:Jiangxichelys
1820:
1816:
1815:
1810:
1806:
1805:
1800:
1799:
1794:
1790:
1786:
1782:
1778:
1774:
1770:
1769:
1765:
1761:
1760:
1755:
1754:
1750:
1746:
1745:
1741:
1740:tyrannosaurid
1737:
1736:
1732:
1728:
1727:
1722:
1721:
1716:
1715:
1714:Ganzhousaurus
1710:
1706:
1705:
1704:Jiangxisaurus
1700:
1699:
1691:
1687:
1686:Corythoraptor
1682:
1675:
1673:
1671:
1670:Corythoraptor
1667:
1663:
1662:Corythoraptor
1659:
1658:Corythoraptor
1655:
1651:
1650:Corythoraptor
1648:The crest of
1643:
1641:
1639:
1638:Corythoraptor
1635:
1634:Corythoraptor
1630:
1626:
1618:
1614:
1610:
1609:Corythoraptor
1605:
1598:
1596:
1594:
1589:
1587:
1583:
1579:
1575:
1574:
1569:
1565:
1561:
1553:
1548:
1546:
1544:
1540:
1539:Corythoraptor
1536:
1532:
1531:
1526:
1522:
1521:Corythoraptor
1512:
1511:
1503:
1502:
1494:
1493:
1485:
1484:
1476:
1475:
1467:
1466:
1458:
1457:
1449:
1448:
1440:
1439:
1431:
1430:
1422:
1421:
1413:
1412:
1409:
1408:
1407:
1406:
1398:
1397:
1394:
1393:
1390:
1389:
1388:
1381:
1380:
1374:
1373:
1370:
1369:
1366:
1365:
1364:
1357:
1356:
1350:
1349:
1346:
1345:
1342:
1341:
1340:
1339:
1331:
1330:
1324:
1323:
1320:
1319:
1316:
1315:
1314:
1313:
1305:
1304:
1298:
1297:
1294:
1293:
1290:
1289:
1288:
1281:
1280:
1274:
1273:
1270:
1269:
1266:
1265:
1264:
1257:
1256:
1250:
1249:
1246:
1245:
1242:
1241:
1240:
1233:
1232:
1226:
1225:
1222:
1221:
1218:
1217:
1216:
1215:
1207:
1206:
1200:
1199:
1196:
1195:
1187:
1186:
1178:
1177:
1174:
1173:
1172:
1171:
1163:
1162:
1159:
1158:
1155:
1154:
1153:
1146:
1145:
1139:
1138:
1135:
1134:
1131:
1130:
1129:
1128:
1120:
1119:
1113:
1112:
1106:
1105:
1102:
1101:
1093:
1092:
1084:
1083:
1075:
1074:
1066:
1065:
1062:
1061:
1060:
1059:
1051:
1050:
1047:
1046:
1043:
1042:
1041:
1034:
1033:
1027:
1026:
1023:
1022:
1019:
1018:
1017:
1010:
1009:
1003:
1002:
999:
998:
995:
994:
988:
987:
981:
980:
977:
976:
973:
972:
971:
964:
963:
957:
956:
953:
952:
949:
948:
947:
940:
939:
933:
932:
929:
928:
920:
919:
911:
910:
907:
906:
905:
898:
897:
894:
893:
890:
889:
888:
881:
880:
874:
873:
870:
869:
866:
865:
864:
863:
855:
854:
848:
847:
840:
839:Oviraptoridae
836:
835:
831:
829:
825:
824:
819:
818:
813:
809:
808:
803:
802:
797:
793:
789:
785:
784:Corythoraptor
778:
776:
774:
770:
766:
765:cnemial crest
762:
758:
757:
752:
751:
746:
742:
738:
734:
730:
726:
722:
718:
717:
712:
708:
707:Corythoraptor
704:
702:
698:
694:
690:
686:
682:
678:
674:
670:
666:
662:
658:
653:
646:
642:
638:
636:
632:
628:
624:
623:
618:
614:
610:
606:
601:
600:Corythoraptor
598:
593:
591:
587:
583:
582:Corythoraptor
570:
558:
546:
544:
542:
541:Corythoraptor
538:
537:ornithomimids
534:
530:
526:
525:blood vessels
522:
518:
514:
510:
506:
505:Corythoraptor
502:
500:
499:Corythoraptor
496:
492:
488:
484:
483:Corythoraptor
476:
469:
464:
462:
460:
456:
452:
448:
447:Corythoraptor
443:
441:
440:
435:
434:type specimen
431:
427:
423:
419:
415:
411:
407:
404:
400:
396:
392:
388:
387:Corythoraptor
381:
379:
377:
373:
372:Corythoraptor
369:
364:
363:type specimen
360:
357:were heavily
356:
355:Corythoraptor
351:
349:
345:
341:
337:
336:
331:
327:
324:
320:
317:
313:
293:
292:
291:Corythoraptor
281:
275:
274:
269:
266:
262:
257:
251:
250:
249:Corythoraptor
243:
240:
239:
236:
235:Oviraptorinae
230:
227:
226:
223:
222:Oviraptoridae
217:
214:
213:
210:
207:
204:
201:
200:
197:
194:
191:
188:
187:
184:
181:
178:
175:
174:
171:
168:
165:
164:
161:
158:
155:
154:
151:
148:
145:
144:
139:
134:
130:
125:
121:
116:
102:
97:
92:
87:
82:
77:
72:
67:
62:
57:
52:
47:
41:
32:
26:
25:Corythoraptor
22:
19:
2973:Oviraptorids
2868:
2786:
2779:
2772:
2765:
2758:
2751:
2744:
2737:
2729:
2724:Conchoraptor
2722:
2714:
2693:
2686:
2680:Huanansaurus
2678:
2671:
2670:
2663:
2643:
2638:Tongtianlong
2636:
2628:
2621:
2614:
2586:
2581:Caenagnathus
2579:
2572:
2565:
2558:
2538:
2531:
2524:Elmisaurinae
2511:
2503:
2498:Microvenator
2496:
2489:
2482:
2475:
2468:
2461:
2454:
2447:
2408:
2401:
2394:
2373:
2366:
2359:
2351:
2344:
2337:
2297:
2168:Pennaraptora
2163:
2154:
2145:
2053:
2049:
2042:
2025:
2021:
2015:
1988:
1984:
1974:
1957:
1953:
1940:
1895:
1891:
1822:
1812:
1804:Gannansaurus
1802:
1796:
1766:
1759:Jiangxititan
1757:
1753:Gannansaurus
1751:
1742:
1733:
1726:Tongtianlong
1724:
1720:Huanansaurus
1718:
1712:
1708:
1702:
1696:
1694:
1685:
1669:
1661:
1657:
1649:
1647:
1637:
1633:
1625:histological
1622:
1608:
1590:
1571:
1557:
1549:Paleobiology
1542:
1538:
1528:
1520:
1518:
1403:
1402:
1401:
1385:
1384:
1361:
1360:
1336:
1335:
1334:
1310:
1309:
1308:
1285:
1284:
1261:
1260:
1237:
1236:
1212:
1211:
1210:
1168:
1167:
1166:
1150:
1149:
1125:
1124:
1123:
1056:
1055:
1054:
1039:
1038:
1037:
1014:
1013:
991:
968:
967:
944:
943:
902:
901:
885:
884:
860:
859:
858:
827:
821:
815:
805:
801:Huanansaurus
799:
783:
782:
754:
748:
714:
706:
705:
676:
649:
634:
620:
599:
594:
581:
580:
540:
529:rhamphotheca
504:
503:
498:
482:
481:
450:
446:
444:
437:
386:
385:
371:
354:
352:
334:
333:
290:
289:
288:
279:
272:
271:
265:Type species
255:
248:
247:
202:
189:
176:
24:
18:
2774:Nemegtomaia
2707:Heyuanninae
2567:Apatoraptor
2396:Caudipteryx
2253:Maniraptora
2238:Maniraptora
2056:: 303–313.
1960:(1): 1-19.
1814:Pteraichnus
1795:, the bird
1785:nodosaurids
1781:ornithopods
1777:Yangmeikeng
1764:hadrosaurid
1619:cassowaries
1578:gastroliths
1573:Caudipteryx
1560:dicynodonts
887:Yulong mini
788:oviraptorid
711:saurischian
681:metacarpals
535:similar to
517:premaxillae
513:nasal bones
495:pneumatized
465:Description
418:South China
395:Lü Junchang
359:pneumatized
330:South China
316:oviraptorid
228:Subfamily:
38:67–66
2962:Categories
2832:See also:
2788:Shixinggia
2739:Gobiraptor
2616:Luoyanggia
2540:Elmisaurus
2470:Eoneophron
2456:Beibeilong
2449:Anomalipes
2274:see below↓
2150:Dinosauria
2141:Sauropsida
1848:References
1809:pterosaurs
1762:, and the
1582:xerophytic
1170:Banji long
721:pubis bone
709:, being a
491:keratinous
430:death pose
368:xerophytic
335:C. jacobsi
196:Saurischia
183:Dinosauria
2940:Dinosaurs
2884:Q33666005
2746:Heyuannia
2695:Rinchenia
2688:Oviraptor
2623:Nankangia
2491:Hagryphus
2226:Theropoda
2211:Theropoda
2159:Theropoda
2127:Kingdom:
1821:(perhaps
1749:sauropods
1709:Nankangia
1684:Group of
1654:cassowary
1623:Based on
1586:shellfish
1568:tortoises
823:Oviraptor
817:Rinchenia
769:theropods
697:phalanges
677:Heyuannia
669:olecranon
650:The left
635:Nankangia
622:Nankangia
531:) over a
509:eyesocket
487:cassowary
445:The name
439:Heyuannia
391:described
382:Discovery
344:cassowary
321:from the
209:Theropoda
156:Kingdom:
150:Eukaryota
2898:60971177
2878:Wikidata
2844:Category
2834:Timeline
2665:Citipati
2630:Nomingia
2505:Nomingia
2339:Avimimus
2135:Chordata
2133:Phylum:
2129:Animalia
1932:28751667
1831:See also
1617:northern
1613:southern
1611:and the
1599:Ontogeny
807:Citipati
750:Citipati
716:Nomingia
521:foramina
399:holotype
319:dinosaur
215:Family:
170:Chordata
166:Phylum:
160:Animalia
146:Domain:
2926:Portals
2533:Citipes
2139:Class:
2058:Bibcode
1993:Bibcode
1923:5532250
1900:Bibcode
1819:turtles
1817:), and
1666:display
1564:parrots
841:
729:ischium
719:), the
701:unguals
661:condyle
652:humerus
611:of the
584:has 12
451:jacobsi
422:Jinzhou
414:Jiangxi
410:Ganzhou
348:display
310:) is a
299:
241:Genus:
107:↓
2911:376005
2781:Oksoko
2645:Yulong
1930:
1920:
1756:, and
1747:, the
1738:, the
1723:, and
1629:fibula
1566:, and
837:
828:et al.
820:, and
810:, the
790:, and
786:is an
771:, the
759:. The
673:radius
657:distal
627:fossae
613:pelvis
511:. The
282:, 2017
280:et al.
258:, 2017
256:et al.
2952:China
2760:Khaan
2716:Banji
2164:Clade
2155:Clade
2146:Clade
1950:(PDF)
1798:Wupus
1698:Banji
1543:Banji
1530:Banji
798:with
796:clade
761:tibia
756:Khaan
733:femur
609:ilium
470:Skull
416:, in
312:genus
203:Clade
190:Clade
177:Clade
2560:Anzu
2251:see
2224:see
2197:see
1928:PMID
1615:and
1554:Diet
753:and
665:ulna
590:ribs
533:beak
389:was
296:lit.
46:PreꞒ
2893:EoL
2353:Kol
2066:doi
2054:466
2030:doi
2001:doi
1962:doi
1918:PMC
1908:doi
1807:),
378:).
328:of
314:of
278:Lü
254:Lü
2964::
2908::
2895::
2880::
2166::
2157::
2148::
2064:.
2052:.
2026:33
2024:.
1999:.
1989:53
1987:.
1983:.
1958:63
1956:.
1952:.
1926:.
1916:.
1906:.
1894:.
1890:.
1856:^
1791:,
1717:,
1711:,
1707:,
1701:,
1562:,
1545:.
814:,
637:.
424:,
412:,
205::
192::
179::
96:Pg
40:Ma
2928::
2791:?
2734:?
2719:?
2698:?
2683:?
2675:?
2633:?
2508:?
2378:?
2356:?
2103:e
2096:t
2089:v
2072:.
2068::
2060::
2036:.
2032::
2009:.
2003::
1995::
1968:.
1964::
1934:.
1910::
1902::
1896:7
1811:(
308:'
302:'
294:(
245:†
232:†
219:†
101:N
91:K
86:J
81:T
76:P
71:C
66:D
61:S
56:O
51:Ꞓ
35:~
33:,
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