642:
450:
609:
1981:
654:
630:
1717:
1704:
191:
48:
461:
533:
Although the
Ottomans did not manage to retake the fort, they were successful in blocking the spread of the insurgency to the islands' western provinces. The insurgents were besieged in Gramvousa for more than two years and they had to resort to piracy to survive. Gramvousa became a hive of piratical
530:, journeyed to Crete. On 9 August 1825, led by Dimitrios Kallergis and Emmanouil Antoniadis, this group of Cretans, disguised as Turks, captured the fort at Gramvousa, which became their base. These and subsequent actions revitalized the Cretan insurgency, ushering the so-called "Gramvousa period".
596:
There is a lagoon, named the Balos lagoon, between the island and the coast of Crete. There is an islet which forms part of a cape, through the lagoon, called Cape Tigani (which means "frying pan" in Greek). North of Balos, at the
Korykon cape, are the ruins of the small ancient Roman city of
641:
556:
with
British and French ships to Crete to deal with the pirates. This expedition resulted in the destruction of all pirate ships at Gramvousa and the fort came under British control. On 5 January 1828, on Kapodistrias' orders
534:
activity that greatly affected
Turkish-Egyptian and European shipping in the region. During that period the population of Gramvousa became organised and they built a school and a church. The church was called
616:
in the background to the left, the island of Imeri
Gramvousa in the background to the right, and further back to the right is the island of Agria Gramvousa (panoramic photograph taken from the island of
499:(another Ottoman–Venetian war), the Neapolitan Captain de la Giocca betrayed the Venetians by surrendering Gramvousa to the Ottoman Turks for a generous bribe. He lived the rest of his life in
503:
and was well known by the nickname "Captain
Grambousas". Not long after the start of Turkish rule, Cretan insurgents used to gather at the three coastal forts which included Gramvousa.
367:. The Gramvousa Peninsula forms the more westerly of the two pairs of peninsulae in northwestern Crete (the other being Rodopos Peninsula), and is the western part of Kissamos Bay.
441:. The island was named "Gramvousa" in honour of Vousa, the wife of a pirate chief and the only inhabitant of the island to evade capture when the pirates were forcibly removed.
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653:
692:
864:
Maltezou, Chrysa A. (1988). "Η Κρήτη κατα τη Βενετοκρατία ("Crete under
Venetian rule")". In Panagiotakis, Nikolaos M. (ed.).
2868:
877:(in Greek). Vol. II. Vikelea Library, Association of Regional Associations of Regional Municipalities. pp. 333–436.
868:(in Greek). Vol. II. Vikelea Library, Association of Regional Associations of Regional Municipalities. pp. 105–162.
523:
for Crete, failed to strengthen the defences at
Gramvousa when he had the opportunity, soon after his arrival on the island.
2225:
629:
476:, and in the treaty of 16 September 1669, which surrendered Crete to the Ottomans, Gramvousa, along with the fortresses of
468:
The fort at Imeri
Gramvousa was built between 1579 and 1584 during Venetian rule over Crete to defend the island from the
873:
Detorakis, Theocharis (1988). "Η Τουρκοκρατία στην Κρήτη ("Turkish rule in Crete")". In
Panagiotakis, Nikolaos M. (ed.).
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and the remains of buildings left behind by Cretan insurgents, who were compelled to live as pirates during the
1658:
1147:
608:
290:
278:
147:
135:
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Towards the summer of 1825, a body of three to four hundred Cretans, who had fought with other Greeks in the
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549:
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2147:
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426:, is much less hospitable and is located due north of Imeri Gramvousa. It has also been named
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could not be captured by the insurgents because they did not have the necessary artillery.
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351:), refers to two small uninhabited islands off the coast of a peninsula also known
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577:
573:
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460:
2770:
2745:
2670:
2585:
2580:
2512:
2507:
2492:
2414:
2336:
2182:
2152:
2070:
2015:
1960:
1825:
1787:
1626:
1610:
1578:
1557:
1499:
1370:
1096:
1065:
1045:
585:
500:
371:
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2615:
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2110:
2095:
1950:
1940:
1900:
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1880:
1840:
1795:
1572:
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1504:
1477:
1472:
1427:
1329:
1195:
542:
536:
17:
2828:
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2364:
2331:
2280:
2275:
2265:
2260:
2157:
2142:
2005:
1945:
1920:
1850:
1810:
1805:
1722:
1709:
1618:
1562:
1509:
1488:
1467:
1315:
987:
602:
2625:
2600:
2389:
2379:
2316:
2306:
2235:
2187:
2127:
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2090:
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2010:
1965:
1955:
1910:
1905:
1895:
1875:
1830:
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1606:
1381:
941:
607:
581:
459:
448:
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283:
140:
910:
2595:
2487:
2172:
2060:
1493:
1437:
401:
1647:
914:
564:
During the Cretan revolt of 1878, only the forts at Gramvousa,
472:. The fort remained in Venetian hands throughout the prolonged
2100:
1855:
484:, was retained by Venice. These three forts defended Venetian
370:
The Gramvousa islands are administered by the municipality of
1643:
1979:
27:
Two small uninhabited islands in north-western Crete, Greece
612:
Sunset at the Balos Lagoon with Cape Tigani in the center,
408:. Today, Imeri Gramvousa is a popular tourist attraction.
719:
717:
488:
and were also strategic bases in the event of a new
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1991:
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515:, the fort fell to the insurgents' hands. In 1823,
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433:In ancient times the larger island was known as
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699:Greek Panorama, Issue 27, May/June 2002 (Greek)
887:The Ulysses Voyage: Sea Search for the Odyssey
759:
757:
1659:
926:
8:
659:View of Balos Lagoon from the Gramvousa Fort
173:
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635:Balos Lagoon with Cape Tigani to the right
189:
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46:
29:
464:The walls of the fort at Imeri Gramvousa
735:
723:
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682:
625:
541:and was dedicated to the wives of the
2904:16th-century fortifications in Greece
548:In 1828, the new governor of Greece,
519:, the Greek provisional government's
7:
2859:Landforms of Chania (regional unit)
561:landed at Gramvousa with 700 men.
25:
2874:Venetian fortifications in Crete
1715:
1702:
652:
640:
628:
875:Crete, History and Civilization
866:Crete, History and Civilization
495:On 6 December 1691, during the
901:Scoglio e Fortezza di Garabuse
1:
2879:Uninhabited islands of Crete
2899:Piracy in the Mediterranean
601:, with a temple to the god
2920:
1532:/Nikolonisi/Agios Antonios
2894:Pirate dens and locations
2884:Greek War of Independence
1977:
1775:
1771:
1685:
1681:
1592:
749:Crete under Venetian rule
671:List of islands of Greece
647:Imeri and Agria Gramvousa
513:Greek War of Independence
511:With the outbreak of the
507:Greek War of Independence
419:
406:Greek War of Independence
397:, hosts the remains of a
390:
328:
268:
200:
188:
125:
57:
45:
331:, further names include
181:
38:
2428:Agios Georgios Skopelou
554:Alexander Mavrocordatos
453:Imeri Gramvousa map by
422:), which translates to
393:), which translates to
365:regional unit of Chania
1985:
1428:Agios Nikolaos/Mochlos
977:Mikros Agios Theodoros
618:
559:Hatzimichalis Dalianis
545:, namely the pirates.
465:
457:
329:Γραμβούσα or Γραμπούσα
2889:Ottoman–Venetian Wars
2869:Mediterranean islands
1983:
1041:Ammoudi tous Volakous
848:Turkish rule in Crete
835:Turkish rule in Crete
817:Turkish rule in Crete
804:Turkish rule in Crete
791:Turkish rule in Crete
778:Turkish rule in Crete
765:Turkish rule in Crete
611:
463:
452:
445:Ottoman–Venetian Wars
357:Χερσόνησος Γραμβούσας
232:35.64167°N 23.58611°E
89:35.61111°N 23.57917°E
2651:Kalydon (Spinalonga)
1739:Aegean civilizations
1623:North Aegean Islands
550:Ioannis Kapodistrias
490:Ottoman–Venetian war
1352:Chrysi/Gaidouronisi
359:) in north-western
353:Gramvousa Peninsula
227: /
175:
84: /
32:
2106:Küçük Tavşan Adası
1986:
1538:/Prasonisi Siteias
1463:Kalydon/Spinalonga
695:2011-07-21 at the
690:Γραμβούσα - Μπάλος
619:
517:Emmanouil Tombazis
466:
458:
237:35.64167; 23.58611
94:35.61111; 23.57917
2864:Islands of Greece
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2571:Agioi Theodoroi
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2256:Fournoi Korseon
2226:Ayvalık Islands
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1975:
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1547:Ftena Trachylia
1411:
1387:Koufonisi/Lefki
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1320:
1246:
1226:
1215:
1179:
1169:Megalo Paximadi
1149:
1138:
1031:Agioi Apostoloi
1019:
972:Agios Theodoros
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412:Agria Gramvousa
391:Ήμερη Γραμβούσα
383:Imeri Gramvousa
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2556:Agia Varvara
2463:Kyra Panagia
2251:Foça Islands
2203:North Aegean
2076:Kandelioussa
1778:
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1347:Agioi Pantes
1306:Psarocharako
1263:Agia Varvara
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563:
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521:commissioner
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486:trade routes
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302:Demographics
270:
159:Demographics
127:
2817:Antikythera
2761:Pontikonisi
2731:Palaiosouda
2292:Metalik Ada
2216:Agios Minas
2124:(Lebynthos)
2041:Farmakonisi
1936:Serifopoula
1931:Schoinoussa
1866:Kardiotissa
1846:Folegandros
1433:Agriomandra
1423:Agia Eirini
1296:Papadoplaka
1123:Schistonisi
1091:Palaiosouda
1010:Pondikonisi
846:Detorakis,
833:Detorakis,
815:Detorakis,
802:Detorakis,
789:Detorakis,
776:Detorakis,
763:Detorakis,
614:Pondikonisi
580:, Izeddin,
539:i Kleftrina
528:Peloponnese
492:for Crete.
439:leather bag
256:Archipelago
235: /
210:Coordinates
113:Archipelago
92: /
67:Coordinates
2853:Categories
2834:Makronisos
2716:Megatzedes
2621:Dionysades
2518:Skyropoula
2503:Skantzoura
2395:Psyttaleia
2322:Samothrace
2312:Samiopoula
2286:Megalonisi
2221:Ammouliani
2066:Kalolimnos
2026:Astypalaia
2001:Agathonisi
1993:Dodecanese
1984:Aegean Sea
1886:Koufonisia
1675:Aegean Sea
1615:Dodecanese
1581:/Prasonisi
1575:/Strongylo
1536:Paximadaki
1520:Megatzedes
1483:Kolokythas
1376:Paximadaki
1357:Dionysades
1281:/Makronisi
1279:Megalonisi
993:Gavdopoula
747:Maltezou,
677:References
570:Spinalonga
497:Morean War
482:Spinalonga
474:Cretan War
455:Basilicata
341:Cavo Bouza
307:Population
241: (
222:23°35′10″E
219:35°38′30″N
164:Population
98: (
79:23°34′45″E
76:35°36′40″N
2756:Pontikaki
2751:Petalouda
2736:Peristeri
2696:Lazaretta
2691:Kyriamadi
2686:Koursaroi
2681:Kolokytha
2641:Gramvousa
2636:Glaronisi
2606:Daskaleia
2528:Tsoungria
2483:Psathoura
2473:Peristera
2468:Lekhoussa
2433:Alonnisos
2297:Oinousses
2288:(Nisiopi)
2271:Koukonesi
2231:Büyük Ada
2163:Salih Ada
2086:Karpathos
1926:Santorini
1916:Polyaigos
1836:Despotiko
1821:Antiparos
1816:Antimilos
1695:Countries
1635:Echinades
1553:Prasonisi
1525:Mikronisi
1485:/Vryonisi
1443:Daskaleia
1407:Trachilos
1402:Strongyli
1397:Mikronisi
1392:Kyriamadi
1366:Gianysada
1361:Dragonada
1291:Nisoplaka
1285:Mikronisi
1274:Mavronisi
1270:/Petalidi
1268:Glaronisi
1225:Heraklion
1211:Prasonisi
1206:Peristeri
1165:Paximadia
1125:/Trachyli
1108:Pontikaki
1103:Petalouda
1081:Leon/Nisi
1076:Lazaretta
1071:Koursaroi
1004:Gramvousa
998:Gramvousa
983:Elafonisi
578:Rethymnon
574:Heraklion
566:Ierapetra
337:Cavo Buso
321:Grampousa
317:Gramvousa
205:Geography
62:Geography
2796:Vryonisi
2771:Prosfora
2746:Petalida
2671:Kavallos
2586:Arnaouti
2581:Anavatis
2513:Skopelos
2508:Skiathos
2498:Skandili
2493:Sarakino
2458:Grammeza
2415:Sporades
2337:Thymaina
2183:Telendos
2153:Pserimos
2081:Kara Ada
2071:Kalymnos
2046:Gaidaros
2031:Çatalada
2021:Astakida
2016:Armathia
1961:Therasia
1861:Irakleia
1826:Daskalio
1788:Cyclades
1627:Sporades
1611:Cyclades
1579:Vryonisi
1558:Prosfora
1500:Makroulo
1496:/Koumeli
1371:Paximada
1301:Paximadi
1148:Rethymno
1097:Petalida
1093:/Marathi
1066:Katonisi
1046:Arnaouti
885:(1987),
850:, p. 408
837:, p. 383
819:, p. 422
806:, p. 381
793:, p. 378
780:, p. 355
767:, p. 343
751:, p. 159
726:page 133
711:page 141
693:Archived
665:See also
586:Kissamos
399:Venetian
372:Kissamos
355:(Greek:
345:Garabusa
2822:Kythira
2791:Valenti
2781:Sideros
2726:Nikolos
2721:Mochlos
2666:Katergo
2646:Grandes
2616:Diapori
2405:Spetses
2400:Salamis
2375:Agistri
2357:Saronic
2347:Zourafa
2342:Uzunada
2327:Tenedos
2193:Zaforas
2138:Pacheia
2133:Nisyros
2122:Levitha
2113:(Lipsi)
2111:Leipsoi
2096:Kinaros
2036:Chamili
1951:Sikinos
1941:Serifos
1901:Mykonos
1891:Kythnos
1881:Kimolos
1841:Donousa
1796:Amorgos
1688:General
1573:Sideros
1568:Psyllos
1549:/Pinakl
1530:Nikolos
1505:Marmaro
1478:Katergo
1473:Kavaloi
1453:Grandes
1330:Lasithi
1196:Diapori
1134:Valenti
1051:Artemis
1006:, Imeri
1000:, Agria
944:islands
904:map by
858:Sources
617:Crete).
552:, sent
543:klephts
537:Panagia
435:Korykos
363:in the
349:Grabusa
319:, also
18:Corycae
2829:Euboea
2776:Pseira
2706:Mavros
2676:Kefali
2656:Karavi
2543:Cretan
2533:Valaxa
2523:Skyros
2478:Piperi
2453:Gioura
2448:Erinia
2365:Aegina
2332:Thasos
2281:Lesbos
2276:Lemnos
2266:Imbros
2261:Icaria
2241:Chryse
2158:Rhodes
2143:Patmos
2006:Alimia
1946:Sifnos
1921:Rineia
1851:Gyaros
1811:Andros
1806:Ananes
1723:Turkey
1720:
1710:Greece
1707:
1619:Euboea
1563:Pseira
1510:Mavros
1489:Konida
1468:Karavi
1316:Trafos
1311:Thetis
1086:Loutro
988:Gavdos
951:Chania
942:Cretan
603:Apollo
599:Agnion
584:, and
378:Naming
296:Chania
279:Region
271:Greece
153:Chania
136:Region
128:Greece
2805:Other
2786:Souda
2661:Karga
2626:Elasa
2601:Crete
2443:Dasia
2390:Poros
2385:Hydra
2380:Dokos
2317:Samos
2307:Psara
2302:Pasas
2246:Cunda
2236:Chios
2188:Tilos
2178:Syrna
2168:Saria
2148:Platy
2128:Nimos
2117:Leros
2091:Kasos
2056:Halki
2051:Gyali
2011:Arkoi
1966:Tinos
1956:Syros
1911:Paros
1906:Naxos
1896:Milos
1876:Keros
1831:Delos
1801:Anafi
1732:Other
1607:Crete
1448:Fotia
1382:Elasa
1099:/Xera
1061:Karga
1015:Souda
582:Hania
478:Souda
416:Greek
387:Greek
361:Crete
325:Greek
284:Crete
141:Crete
2701:Leon
2596:Avgo
2488:Repi
2173:Symi
2061:Imia
1971:Vous
1494:Kymo
1438:Avgo
480:and
402:fort
347:and
333:Akra
2611:Dia
2101:Kos
1871:Kea
1856:Ios
1242:Dia
2855::
1633:,
1629:,
1625:,
1621:,
1617:,
1613:,
1609:,
1605:,
1601:,
1597::
1458:Io
824:^
756:^
716:^
605:.
576:,
572:,
568:,
430:.
418::
389::
374:.
343:,
339:,
335:,
327::
1667:e
1660:t
1653:v
1378:)
1359:(
1176:)
1167:(
979:)
970:(
934:e
927:t
920:v
414:(
385:(
323:(
310:0
245:)
167:0
102:)
20:)
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