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larva has stiff ambulatory bristles on its abdomen which assist movement. The larva normally travels on its back. The underground speed is considered more rapid than any other known genus of
Scarabaeidae in the United States and is comparable to that of the hairy caterpillar. The larvae feed largely on humus and mold but can do considerable damage to plant root systems. Injury has been reported to vegetables and ornamental plants, particularly those which have been mulched. The larvae are considered pests when they cause damage to lawns or turf grasses. The insect is considered more injurious in its larval stages than as a beetle. Pupation occurs after the third larval stage, which lasts nearly nine months. The pupal stage occurs in an oval cocoon constructed of dirt particles fastened together by a viscid fluid excreted by the larva. The pupa is white when first formed but develops greenish tints just before emergence.
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Mating occurs in the early morning. The male is attracted by a strongly scented milky fluid secreted by the female. Mating lasts only a few minutes after which the female enters her burrow or crawls under matted grass. Once the mating process has taken place, the female will lay between 60 and 75
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Green June beetles often follow other predatory bug species in consuming plants, as they do not typically consume fruits which have not already been broken open. As such, if other predatory insects are kept from crops, the green June beetle should not become an issue in terms of gross earnings for
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Green June beetles are common during the warmer months, more specifically June. During the summer months is usually when they reproduce, which is why they are more abundant during that time. The warmer months provide an organic matter in the soil that the females place the eggs in, which allows the
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This beetle species differs from the common brown May or June beetle by its larger body index and vibrant color. This varies from a green striped, brown beetle to a full velvet green body. The insects’ margins are usually light brown or yellow with a metallic green or brown underside. The insect is
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The green June beetle is active during daylight hours. The adult is usually 15–22 mm (0.6–0.9 in) long with dull, metallic green wings; its sides are gold and the head, legs and underside are very bright shiny green. Their habitat extends from New
Brunswick to Georgia, and as far west as
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The green June beetle is a
Neartic species of beetle. It is commonly found in New York, Florida, Nebraska, and Texas. Larvae of green June beetles live in the soil underground, and adults live on their host plants. They can be found on lawns, fields, and forests. They inhabit extensive habitats.
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The green June beetle is a part of the
Scarabaeidae family, with defining characteristics such as modified forewings called elytra sinuate, and a prominent mesosternum. The scutellum is covered by the prothorax attached to the base node. The Cotinis genus is separated by the male species having a
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The grubs will grow to about 40 mm (1.6 in) and are white with a brownish-black head and brown spiracles along the sides of the body. The larvae will molt twice before winter. The fully grown larva color is glassy yellowish white shading toward green or blue at the head and tail. The
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can be prevented from causing large damage to crops by covering crops in pesticide. Pesticide usage can build up in water runoff and effect local communities and their water supply, leading to an increase in spending involving water purification. This increase in pesticides also causes issues
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As adults, green June beetles are common during the springtime because plants are flourishing. These beetles can be seen around garden-like areas because they feed on the decomposing plants. Green June beetles are likely to be on an older field than a newly developed field, as the older field
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There is intense competition between males for access to mates and oftentimes more than one male tries to mate with a female at the same time. Part of this competition is because females are only receptive to mating attempts once in a given period of time, whereas males can mate repeatedly.
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vary from light brown to orange yellow. The adult beetle will feed upon a variety of fruits including berries, grapes, peaches, nectarines, apples, pears and figs. Adults are particularly attracted to rotting fruit which often occurs after an initial damage to sound fruit.
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extends across the eastern United States and Canada, with its highest abundance in the South. They can be found from New
Brunswick to Georgia and westward as far as California, with possible population overlap with their western cousin, the figeater beetle
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after 18 days of the pupation period. The adult is from 15–22 mm (0.6–0.9 in) in length and 12 mm (0.5 in) in width. The color varies from dull brown with green stripes to a uniform metallic green. The margins of the
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eggs underground during a two-week period. The eggs, when first laid, appear white and elliptical in shape, gradually becoming more spherical as the larvae develop. The eggs hatch in approximately 18 days into small, white grubs.
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Adult beetles are often eaten by birds, including robins, blue jays, and brown thrashers. Blue jays either immediately consume the beetle or repeatedly slam them into the ground before eating them.
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Davich, T.; Tombes, A.; Carter, R. (1 February 1957). "Insecticide
Control of Green June Beetle Larvae Attacking Ladino Clover Pastures: Residues on Foliage and Accumulation in Swine Tissue".
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451:) have been observed attached near the base of the head and thorax of the adult beetle. The fly larvae have been observed inside the devoured thorax and abdomen of the beetle.
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involving cattle, mainly swine, and may cause health defects. Attempting to use these pesticides may cause a loss in other areas of earnings involving these same farms.
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481:. During rainy periods, when the burrows of the larvae are flooded, the larvae will crawl to the surface. At these times, the larvae are subject to predation by
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716:"The green June beetle (Cotinis nitida) (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae): local variation in the beetle's major avian predators and in the competition for mates"
624:"The green June beetle (Cotinis nitida) (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae): local variation in the beetle's major avian predators and in the competition for mates"
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Tall grasses offer beetles some protection, but they are easily hunted by birds in lawns with shorter grasses maintained by human interventions.
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typically ¾-1.5 inches in length. Compared to the legs of a common June beetle, the legs are shorter, and the body is stouter.
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Domek, J.; Johnson, D. (August 1990). "Inhibition of
Aggregation Behavior in the Green June Beetle".
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California, with possible population crossover in Texas with their western cousin, the
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The grubs of the beetle are largely held in control by natural predators.
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890:"Green June Beetle in the Landscape | NC State Extension Publications"
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The corpse of a green June beetle in the suburbs of
Atlanta, Georgia
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Hammons, Derrick; Kurtural, S.; Potter, Daniel (1 April 2008).
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The complete life cycle for the green June beetle is one year.
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969:"Japanese Beetles Facilitate Feeding by Green June Beetles"
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The larval stages of the friendly fly or large flesh fly (
703:(Bulletin No. 891 ed.). US Department of Agriculture.
596:"'Cotinis nitida' on the Common Names of Insects Database"
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small horn on the lower portion of the face (clypeus).
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Below ground, large number of larvae are consumed by
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555:green June beetle larvae to feed after they hatch.
49:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
699:Chittenden, F. H.; Fink, D. E. (July 28, 1922).
839:"Green June Beetle - Oklahoma State University"
726:(11–12). Taylor & Francis Online: 661–667.
634:(11–12). Taylor & Francis Online: 661–667.
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787:"Species Cotinis nitida - Green June Beetle"
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559:contains a high amount of organic matter.
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109:Learn how and when to remove this message
671:Chittenden, F. H.; Fink, D. E. (1922).
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942:Journal of Economic Entomology
517:, will also attack the adult.
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740:10.1080/00222933.2015.1082657
648:10.1080/00222933.2015.1082657
316:, which is less destructive.
298:. It is found in the eastern
1233:Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus
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761:"Common Green June Beetle"
720:Journal of Natural History
628:Journal of Natural History
1228:Beetles described in 1758
323:Green June beetles mating
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1218:Beetles of North America
973:Environmental Entomology
915:Environmental Entomology
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278:, commonly known as the
793:. Iowa State University
400:begin to appear in June
391:Fruit damage caused by
374:June beetle larva stage
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843:extension.okstate.edu
714:Alcock, John (2016).
701:The Green June Beetle
674:The Green June Beetle
622:Alcock, John (2016).
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501:. Birds, notably the
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894:content.ces.ncsu.edu
818:Animal Diversity Web
511:northern mockingbird
456:Sarcophaga helicobia
43:improve this article
986:10.1093/ee/37.2.608
954:10.1093/jee/50.1.96
927:10.1093/ee/19.4.995
864:"Green June Beetle"
732:2016JNatH..50..661A
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41:Please help
36:verification
33:
1164:NatureServe
1125:iNaturalist
1035:Wikispecies
868:A-Z Animals
765:iNaturalist
463:digger wasp
398:The adults
336:Description
288:June beetle
1223:Cetoniinae
1212:Categories
899:2024-04-10
849:2024-04-10
812:Hauze, D.
605:2017-07-09
579:References
447:Sarcophaga
349:Life cycle
200:Coleoptera
180:Arthropoda
69:newspapers
499:chipmunks
412:Predation
308:the South
228:Species:
166:Kingdom:
160:Eukaryota
1169:2.115162
1143:11383437
1073:BugGuide
1049:BioLib:
1026:Q5175388
1020:Wikidata
874:April 9,
823:13 March
797:14 March
791:BugGuide
770:12 March
745:April 9,
681:April 9,
653:April 9,
515:blue jay
495:opossums
483:raccoons
449:aldrichi
284:June bug
260:Linnaeus
206:Family:
176:Phylum:
170:Animalia
156:Domain:
1195:3333239
1182:1804801
1117:1077495
728:Bibcode
636:Bibcode
487:gophers
290:, is a
221:Cotinis
216:Genus:
196:Order:
190:Insecta
186:Class:
83:scholar
1156:929437
1130:118538
1104:COTINI
1091:234600
1065:381872
1052:400460
497:, and
491:skunks
405:elytra
304:Canada
292:beetle
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979:(2).
921:(4).
479:moles
383:Adult
366:Larva
90:JSTOR
76:books
1177:NCBI
1151:ITIS
1112:GBIF
1099:EPPO
1060:BOLD
876:2024
825:2024
799:2024
772:2024
747:2024
683:2024
655:2024
513:and
461:The
302:and
264:1758
62:news
1086:EoL
1078:520
981:doi
950:doi
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644:doi
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357:Egg
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