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A counterargument might seek to cast doubt on facts of one or more of the first argument's premises, to show that the first argument's contention does not follow from its premises in a valid manner, or the counterargument might pay little attention to the premises and common structure of the first
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Responding to a counterargument does not mean utterly obliterating it. You may concede it, minimise it, dismiss it as irrelevant, or attack the supporting evidence or underlying premise. Even if you grant the existence of a problem, you can differ from your audience on the best
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To speak of counterarguments is not to assume that there are only two sides to a given issue nor that there is only one type of counterargument. For a given argument, there are often a large number of counterarguments, some of which are not compatible with each other.
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A counterargument can be issued against an argument retroactively from the point of reference of that argument. This form of counterargument — invented by the presocratic philosopher
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Argumentation in Multi-Agent
Systems: Fifth International Workshop, ArgMAS 2008, Estoril, Portugal, May 12, 2008, Revised Selected and Invited Papers
175:"La cosmologie parménidéenne de Parménide," in R. Brague and J.-F. Courtine (eds.), Herméneutique et ontologie: Mélanges en hommage à Pierre Aubenque
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47:. Synonyms of counterargument may include rebuttal, reply, counterstatement, counterreason, comeback and response. The attempt to rebut an
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argument and simply attempt to demonstrate that the truth of a conclusion is incompatible with that of the first argument.
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or in speaking contextual evidence, a counterargument can be handled in a variety of ways.
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may involve generating a counterargument or finding a
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35:to an objection. A counterargument can be used to
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77:retroactive refutation
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