1180:
292:
1245:
300:
685:
1571:
799:
728:
177:
976:
38:
469:
461:
371:, branch county between 1261 and 1390, partitioned from Holstein, in 1273 Holstein-Segeberg (first) was partitioned from Holstein-Kiel, but reverted in 1308, but then lost to Holstein-Pinneberg, Holstein-Plön and Holstein-Rendsburg in 1316; Holstein-Kiel acquired Holstein-Plön in 1350, and merged itself into Holstein-Rendsburg
656:
gained for him and his heirs a share in
Holstein's and Schleswig's revenues in 1564, comprising a third of the royal share, thus a ninth of Holstein and Schleswig as to the fiscal point of view. John the Younger and his heirs, however, had no share in the condominial rule, so they were not ruling but
649:. The Danish monarchs and the Dukes of Holstein-Gottorp ruled both duchies together as to general government, however, collected their revenues in their separate estates. John the Elder conveniently called Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Haderslev produced no issue, so no branch emerged from his side.
578:
to each of the elder brothers, while other general revenues, such as taxes from towns and customs dues, were levied together but then shared among the brothers. The estates, whose revenues were assigned to the parties, made
Holstein and Schleswig look like patchworks, technically inhibiting the
660:
The share of John the Elder, who died in 1581, was halved between Adolf and
Frederick II, thus increasing again the royal share by a fiscal sixth of Holstein and Schleswig. As an effect the complicated fiscal division of both separate duchies, Holstein and Schleswig, with shares of each party
389:, branch county between 1290 and 1474, partitioned from Holstein-Itzehoe, acquired a share of Holstein-Segeberg (first) in 1316, and Holstein-Kiel in 1390, in 1381/1384 Holstein-Segeberg (second) was partitioned from Holstein-Rendsburg, but reverted in 1403, elevated to ducal rank in 1474
612:
Royal share in
Holstein and Schleswig, acquired half of Haderslev share in 1581, the County of Holstein-Pinneberg in 1640 and the Gottorp share in 1713 (northern part) and 1773 (southern part), thus then comprising all of Holstein. Between 1648 and 1773 the royal share used to be called
770:
However, the duchies were not given to the Duke of
Augustenborg. In 1865 an arrangement was worked out between Prussia and Austria where the Austrians occupied and administered Holstein, while the Prussians did the same in Schleswig. This arrangement came to an end with the
598:
ducal share in
Holstein and Schleswig, partitioned from ducal Holstein in 1544, acquired half of Haderslev share in 1581 (thus thereafter simply called ducal share), merged into the royal share in 1773 with its ruler receiving in return the prior Danish-held
664:
The County of
Holstein-Pinneberg, which had remained a separately ruled territory in Holstein until its line was extinct in 1640, was merged into the then royal share of the Duchy of Holstein. The Duke of Holstein-Gottorp became emperor of Russia in 1762 as
396:(first), branch county between 1273 and 1308, partitioned from and reverted to Holstein-Kiel, but seized by allied Holstein-Pinneberg, Holstein-Plön, and Holstein-Rendsburg, partitioning Segeberg in three shares, each merged into one of the lines in 1316
422:
and his cognatic successors with the Duchy of
Schleswig. He thus became as Gerhard II duke of Schleswig. Until 1390 the Rendsburg branch united by inheritance all branches except of that of Holstein-Pinneberg.
1505:
63:
1536:
1146:
661:
scattered in both duchies, provided them with a condominial government binding both together, partially superseding their legally different affiliation as Holy Roman and Danish fiefs.
696:
in 1559, which was divided among the three ducal houses. After 1581 the southern part remained to the Danish Crown, the northern part was ruled by the House of
Gottorp until 1773.
748:
2101:
752:
2022:
784:
563:
of the duchies, which had constituted in 1460 by the Treaty of Ribe and strictly opposed a factual partition. The elder three brothers determined their youngest brother
1529:
1244:
1121:, Carsten Porskrog Rasmussen (ed.) on behalf of the Gesellschaft für Schleswig-Holsteinische Geschichte, Neumünster: Wachholtz, 2008, pp. 73–109, here pp. 87seq.
653:
1084:, Carsten Porskrog Rasmussen (ed.) on behalf of the Gesellschaft für Schleswig-Holsteinische Geschichte, Neumünster: Wachholtz, 2008, pp. 52-71, here pp. 63seq.
548:
1168:
1522:
377:, branch county between 1290 and 1640, partitioned from Holstein-Itzehoe, acquired a share of Holstein-Segeberg in 1316, merged into the Duchy of Holstein
2096:
1234:
419:
383:, branch county between 1290 and 1390, partitioned from Holstein-Itzehoe, acquired a share of Holstein-Segeberg in 1316, merged into Holstein-Kiel
2106:
2091:
291:
791:(both as of 1937) regained statehood, now united with Schleswig, in 1946, when the British occupation government elevated the province to the
163:
as living on the north bank of the Elbe, to the west of
Hamburg. The name means "dwellers in the wood" or "hill-sitters" (Northern Low Saxon:
1126:
1089:
579:
emergence of separate new duchies, as intended by the estates of the duchies. The secular rule in the fiscally divided duchies thus became a
365:, branch county between 1261 and 1290, partitioned from Holstein, repartitioned into Holstein-Pinneberg, Holstein-Plön and Holstein-Rendsburg
1470:
1117:
Cf. Carsten Porskrog Rasmussen, "Die dänischen Könige als Herzöge von Schleswig und Holstein", Frauke Witte and Marion Hartwig (trls.), in:
829:
251:, and the Saxon elite was deported to various areas of the empire. After 814, however, the Saxons were restored to Western Holstein. The
1657:
1652:
1545:
1080:
Esben Albrectsen, "Das Abel-Geschlecht und die Schauenburger als Herzöge von Schleswig", Marion Hartwig and Frauke Witte (trls.), in:
866:
823:
355:
2047:
1059:
583:
of the parties. As dukes of Holstein and Schleswig the rulers of both houses bore the formal title of "Duke of Schleswig, Holstein,
481:
1697:
755:, a minor scion from another cadet line of the House of Oldenburg, claimed the Duchies, and soon the German Confederation, led by
559:
of the Holy Roman Empire) and of Schleswig (a Danish fief) in an unusual way, following negotiations between the brothers and the
1852:
1161:
681:
for the Gottorp lands in Holstein, bringing all of Holstein under their control. Thus, Holstein was again united in one state.
673:
lands possessions in Schleswig, which were seized by the Danish king in 1713. Although Peter was soon overthrown by his wife,
580:
552:
609:
ducal share in Holstein and Schleswig, partitioned from ducal Holstein in 1544, halved between Gottorp and royal share in 1581
1214:
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1101:
997:
936:
776:
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partitioned Holstein several times among the inheriting sons into up to six lines, named after their towns of residence:
343:
316:
399:
Holstein-Segeberg (second), branch county between 1381/1384 and 1403, partitioned from and reverted to Holstein-Rendsburg
243:
signed in 811. The ownership of what would late become eastern Holstein (districts of Plön and Ostholstein) was given to
1040:
1918:
1286:
1154:
1281:
1012:
1570:
574:
So the revenues of the duchies were divided in three equal shares by assigning the revenues of particular areas and
1905:
1347:
1224:
622:
331:
986:
1987:
1605:
1296:
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31:
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484:, elevated Christian I as Count of Holstein-Rendsburg to Duke of Holstein, thus becoming an immediate imperial (
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1313:
1209:
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736:
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56:
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751:, a cadet branch of the House of Oldenburg), made his claim to the Danish throne through a female line. The
744:
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1982:
1949:
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1308:
1026:
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in 1806 Holstein's imperial vassal status turned void. It thus became a sovereign state. Because of its
408:
1974:
1797:
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1642:
1637:
1466:
1385:
1352:
1325:
1008:
764:
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299:
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1375:
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684:
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327:
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1491:
1367:
1318:
1184:
882:
862:
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724:, though still in personal union with Denmark (the King of Denmark being also Duke of Holstein).
678:
646:
533:
495:
438:
inherited – from his maternal uncle Adolf I – the Duchy of Schleswig, a Danish fief. Through the
386:
374:
240:
137:
134:
101:
69:
716:(however, the neighboring duchy of Lauenburg was annexed by France in 1811 and became a part of
629:
The dynastic name Holstein-Gottorp comes as convenient usage from the technically more correct
2086:
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of 1866, which resulted in Schleswig and Holstein both being incorporated into Prussia as the
705:
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339:
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1885:
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When the Holstein-Rendsburg line of the Schauenburg counts became extinct with the death of
380:
362:
198:
498:). The Duchy of Holstein retained that status until the dissolution of the Empire in 1806.
1895:
1875:
1857:
1736:
1728:
1705:
1560:
1483:
1458:
893:
319:. With the establishment of the new territorial unit, expansion to the East began and the
308:
77:
2007:
1813:
1773:
1710:
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1357:
780:
713:
709:
588:
443:
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256:
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85:
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677:, the Danes determined to rid themselves of this problem. In 1773, they exchanged the
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1842:
1837:
1744:
1395:
1261:
1196:
909:
897:
621:. Parts of the former County of Holstein-Pinneberg were transformed 1649/50 into the
618:
575:
368:
97:
712:
with Denmark, the Duchy of Holstein did not come under French occupation during the
1141:
1104:, comprising ecclesiastical and secular power, and, however, lacking secular power
905:
727:
693:
393:
268:
743:) in 1863, the inheritance of Schleswig and Holstein was disputed. The new king,
176:
17:
41:
Coat of arms of Holstein: a stylised nettle leaf; similar to the coat of arms of
1119:
Die Fürsten des Landes: Herzöge und Grafen von Schleswig, Holstein und Lauenburg
1082:
Die Fürsten des Landes: Herzöge und Grafen von Schleswig, Holstein und Lauenburg
975:
232:
225:
767:
with Denmark, quickly defeating it in 1864 and forcing it to cede the duchies.
307:
The new county of Holstein was established in 1111; it was first a fief of the
1647:
874:
477:
342:(1201), but was reconquered by the Count of Schauenburg and his allies in the
280:
276:
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264:
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210:
42:
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870:
811:
606:
544:
412:
244:
206:
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37:
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The territory of Holstein was enlarged by the conquest of the independent
283:. For the following 300 years, Holstein continued to be a part of Saxony.
1253:
584:
320:
252:
248:
133:. The history of Holstein is closely intertwined with the history of the
520:. Holstein-Segeberg remained with the Danish king and was also known as
2017:
917:
878:
842:
807:
803:
760:
756:
595:
442:(1460) Christian was elected Count of Holstein-Rendsburg, then still a
335:
214:
652:
Similar to the above-mentioned agreement Christian III's youngest son
516:
In 1490, the Duchy of Holstein was divided into Holstein-Segeberg and
1380:
491:
416:
156:
726:
683:
467:
459:
298:
290:
236:
889:
556:
145:
93:
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849:(formerly the Prince-Bishopric of Lübeck, an exclave of the
27:
Historical region in the Southern half of Schleswig-Holstein
795:, followed by the official dissolution of Prussia in 1947.
571:
of an ecclesiastical state within the Holy Roman Empire.
129:; 1474–1866), and was the northernmost territory of the
547:
also in the name of his then still minor half-brothers
555:. In 1544 they partitioned the Duchies of Holstein (a
669:
and was planning an attack on Denmark to recover the
1108:
with the pertaining revenues from episcopal estates.
303:
Battle of Stellau and other Danish Campaigns of 1201
2000:
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1940:
1866:
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1000:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
645:, which is a cadet branch of the then royal Danish
295:
Undivided Holstein by 1250 with neighbouring states
749:House of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg
350:Partitions of the County of Holstein (1111–1474)
164:
502:Partitions of the Duchy of Holstein (1474–1866)
1100:In 1551 Frederick became administrator of the
625:, which fell back to the Danish Crown in 1726.
1530:
1162:
637:and the second youngest half-brother of King
8:
720:). From 1815 to 1864 it was a member of the
543:ruled the entire Duchies of Holstein and of
935:Neighbours clockwise starting in the West:
2102:States and territories established in 1474
1830:
1680:
1537:
1523:
1515:
1169:
1155:
1147:
536:, to which the kings of Denmark belonged.
1060:Learn how and when to remove this message
631:Duke of Schleswig and Holstein at Gottorp
472:The Duchy of Holstein in the 15th century
797:
633:. Adolf, the third son of Duke and King
591:". The three shares are usually called:
326:The County of Holstein was ruled by the
175:
36:
1073:
928:
779:. Holstein, meanwhile including former
434:as Adolf I Duke of Schleswig) in 1459,
420:Gerhard VI, Count of Holstein-Rendsburg
334:. Holstein was temporarily occupied by
877:in the east. Its only major island is
446:subfief within the Holy Roman Empire.
231:800, he granted the land north of the
731:Map of the Duchy of Holstein, 1815-66
641:, founded the dynastic branch called
532:, was given to a cadet branch of the
55:
7:
998:adding citations to reliable sources
830:List of rulers of Schleswig-Holstein
111:Holstein once existed as the German
920:. It had an area of 8,385 km.
92:) is the region between the rivers
1546:States of the German Confederation
869:in the south. It also borders the
867:Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg
824:Counts of Schauenburg and Holstein
528:. Holstein-Gottorp, also known as
356:Counts of Schauenburg and Holstein
259:- the new border running from the
25:
2097:Counties of the Holy Roman Empire
1142:Map of Schleswig-Holstein in 1730
855:Free and Hanseatic City of Lübeck
785:Free and Hanseatic City of Lübeck
1569:
1243:
1178:
974:
957:Duchy of Brunswick and Lunenburg
428:Adolf VIII of Holstein-Rendsburg
985:needs additional citations for
688:Unification process of Holstein
524:; later it came to be known as
323:were finally defeated in 1138.
151:Holstein's name comes from the
1896:Reuß-Lobenstein und Ebersdorf
1102:Prince-Bishopric of Hildesheim
937:Prince-Archbishopric of Bremen
841:As of 1864, Holstein bordered
777:Province of Schleswig-Holstein
144:). The capital of Holstein is
1:
2107:Regions of Schleswig-Holstein
2092:History of Schleswig-Holstein
464:The Duchy of Holstein in 1477
213:and the land of the Danes in
100:. It is the southern half of
949:Free Imperial City of Lübeck
888:Cities in Holstein included
783:(as of 1876) and the former
735:Following the death of King
704:With the dissolution of the
881:, originally a part of the
793:State of Schleswig-Holstein
539:Between 1533 and 1544 King
205:, Holstein was adjacent to
2123:
945:Prince-Bishopric of Lübeck
821:For a list of rulers, see
623:Imperial County of Rantzau
505:
453:
344:Battle of Bornhöved (1227)
332:Adolf I, Count of Holstein
317:Prince-Bishopric of Lübeck
271:River to the mouth of the
29:
2031:
1833:
1683:
1567:
1471:Lower Rhenish–Westphalian
1409:
1241:
643:House of Holstein-Gottorp
32:Holstein (disambiguation)
851:Grand Duchy of Oldenburg
814:and Holstein in today's
737:Frederick VII of Denmark
694:Republic of Dithmarschen
541:Christian III of Denmark
1506:Unencircled territories
1267:Brunswick and Lunenburg
953:Duchy of Saxe-Lauenburg
859:Duchy of Saxe-Lauenburg
311:, then of the Duchy of
255:were pushed out of the
165:
119:; 811–1474), the later
73:
1297:Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel
847:Principality of Lübeck
818:
732:
689:
569:Lutheran administrator
473:
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436:Christian I of Denmark
407:and his mother, Queen
330:; the first count was
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914:Oldenburg in Holstein
861:in the east, and the
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480:, the German Emperor
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315:, and finally of the
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267:northwards along the
220:With the conquest of
179:
53:German pronunciation:
40:
1658:Mecklenburg-Strelitz
1653:Mecklenburg-Schwerin
994:improve this article
873:in the west and the
765:Second Schleswig War
753:Duke of Augustenborg
722:German Confederation
657:mere titular dukes.
561:Estates of the Realm
476:In 1474 Lauenburg's
209:on the coast of the
30:For other uses, see
2063:54.1667°N 9.66667°E
2059: /
1858:Waldeck and Pyrmont
1482:Circles est. 1512:
1457:Circles est. 1500:
1187:(1500–1806) of the
1106:Bishop of Schleswig
943:(orange shadowed),
773:Austro-Prussian War
679:County of Oldenburg
675:Catherine the Great
615:Holstein-Glückstadt
601:County of Oldenburg
526:Holstein-Glückstadt
508:Holstein-Glückstadt
328:House of Schaumburg
235:(Schleswig) to the
159:tribe mentioned by
117:Grafschaft Holstein
104:, the northernmost
57:[ˈhɔlʃtaɪn]
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763:, went to the
714:Napoleonic era
710:personal union
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576:landed estates
549:John the Elder
530:Ducal Holstein
522:Royal Holstein
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440:Treaty of Ribe
432:personal union
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1005:Find sources:
999:
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983:This article
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403:In 1386 King
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246:
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39:
33:
19:
2044:
1964:(until 1850)
1954:(until 1850)
1942:Hohenzollern
1931:(until 1848)
1921:(Elder Line)
1919:Reuss-Greiz
1890:(until 1824)
1880:(until 1824)
1809:(until 1826)
1801:(until 1826)
1790:Coburg-Gotha
1785:(until 1826)
1756:(until 1847)
1748:(until 1863)
1740:(until 1863)
1622:Hesse-Kassel
1478:
1456:
1455:until 1734.
1118:
1113:
1096:
1081:
1076:
1056:
1050:October 2009
1047:
1037:
1030:
1023:
1016:
1004:
992:Please help
987:verification
984:
931:
887:
885:until 1867.
840:
828:
822:
820:
769:
745:Christian IX
734:
703:
691:
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120:
112:
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48:
47:
2066: /
2001:Free cities
1975:Schwarzburg
1960:Sigmaringen
1913:(from 1848)
1906:Reuss-Gera
1900:(1824-1848)
1793:(from 1826)
1777:(from 1826)
1732:(from 1863)
1701:(from 1839)
1615:Electorates
1606:Württemberg
1548:(1815–1866)
1492:Upper Saxon
1447:until 1695.
1443:until 1640.
1439:until 1773.
1431:until 1596.
1427:until 1705.
1423:until 1731.
1415:until 1701.
1411:until 1648.
1326:Mecklenburg
1287:Grubenhagen
1272:Blankenburg
1210:Halberstadt
635:Frederick I
581:condominium
233:Eider River
226:Charlemagne
166:Hol(t)saten
2081:Categories
2051:54°10′00″N
1983:Rudolstadt
1648:Luxembourg
1488:Burgundian
1475:Franconian
1451:from 1701.
1435:from 1708.
1419:from 1648.
1401:Nordhausen
1396:Mühlhausen
1353:Regenstein
1309:Glückstadt
1215:Hildesheim
1020:newspapers
1009:"Holstein"
966:References
951:(yellow),
947:(purple),
898:Glückstadt
875:Baltic Sea
857:, and the
619:Glückstadt
478:liege lord
409:Margaret I
338:after the
281:Baltic Sea
277:Kiel Fjord
273:Schwentine
265:Boizenburg
261:Elbe River
222:Old Saxony
211:Baltic Sea
197:After the
171:Holzsassen
169:; German:
43:Schaumburg
2054:9°40′00″E
2035:partially
2013:Frankfurt
1950:Hechingen
1814:Meiningen
1774:Altenburg
1711:Lauenburg
1688:Brunswick
1663:Oldenburg
1319:Pinneberg
1277:Calenberg
1230:Ratzeburg
1225:Magdeburg
955:(green),
941:Schleswig
902:Rendsburg
871:North Sea
837:Geography
812:Schleswig
667:Peter III
607:Haderslev
565:Frederick
545:Schleswig
413:enfeoffed
392:Holstein-
140:(Danish:
125:(German:
115:(German:
2087:Holstein
1737:Bernburg
1693:Holstein
1579:Kingdoms
1484:Austrian
1459:Bavarian
1341:Strelitz
1336:Schwerin
1304:Holstein
1235:Schwerin
906:Segeberg
865:and the
810:showing
589:Stormarn
585:Ditmarsh
430:(and in
394:Segeberg
321:Wagrians
279:and the
253:Wagrians
249:Wagrians
153:Holcetae
90:Holsatia
74:Holsteen
49:Holstein
2018:Hamburg
1698:Limburg
1677:Duchies
1601:Hanover
1591:Bavaria
1586:Prussia
1561:Austria
1554:Empires
1463:Swabian
1386:Hamburg
1348:Rantzau
1331:Güstrow
1314:Gottorp
1292:Hanover
1254:Secular
1034:scholar
959:(pink).
879:Fehmarn
853:), the
843:Denmark
808:Germany
804:Jutland
802:Map of
761:Austria
757:Prussia
596:Gottorp
336:Denmark
275:at the
239:by the
215:Jutland
201:of the
193:Origins
188:History
142:Slesvig
82:Holsten
2023:Lübeck
2008:Bremen
1753:Köthen
1745:Dessau
1729:Anhalt
1706:Nassau
1596:Saxony
1391:Lübeck
1381:Goslar
1376:Bremen
1368:Cities
1262:Bremen
1220:Lübeck
1205:Bremen
1125:
1088:
1036:
1029:
1022:
1015:
1007:
916:, and
894:Altona
492:vassal
417:Nyborg
135:Danish
78:Danish
1868:Reuss
1848:Lippe
1638:Baden
1282:Celle
1041:JSTOR
1027:books
924:Notes
553:Adolf
494:(see
269:Bille
263:near
237:Danes
229:circa
157:Saxon
98:Eider
86:Latin
1123:ISBN
1086:ISBN
1013:news
918:Plön
890:Kiel
827:and
787:and
759:and
587:and
557:fief
551:and
510:and
354:The
180:The
155:, a
146:Kiel
96:and
94:Elbe
996:by
415:in
224:by
173:).
2083::
1501:·
1494:,
1490:,
1486:,
1477:,
1473:,
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912:,
908:,
904:,
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896:,
892:,
833:.
490:)
411:,
346:.
217:.
148:.
108:.
88::
84:;
80::
76:;
72::
68:;
1538:e
1531:t
1524:v
1170:e
1163:t
1156:v
1063:)
1057:(
1052:)
1048:(
1038:·
1031:·
1024:·
1017:·
990:.
747:(
739:(
603:.
51:(
34:.
20:)
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