167:. Because Pallars Jussà was so much richer and populous than the poor and mountainous Pallars Sobirà, the nobles of the latter country designed to eliminate the authority of Raymond IV in the former country. Artau himself was barely a count, more so the war leader of a band of powerful feudatories whose objective was the pillage of the wealthier rural communities of the lower territories of Pallars Jussà and the repeal of their rights of tax exemption and other immunities. The peasants of Pallars Jussà were heavily burdened by arbitrary exactions, forced labour, and military service. The barons had the right to exact
17:
25:
185:
With reduction of their count, the nobles of
Pallars Jussà took the opportunity to renounce their obligations to him and to secure their position in the castles as private properties. Many of them allied with Artau. It was only with the aid of the Moors, received sometime before Artau's death in
162:
In
Pallars Jussà during the eleventh century the comital power was violently reduced by the incessant attacks of the rebellious nobility, supported as they were by Artau of Pallars Sobirà and Ermengold of Urgell, who intended to extend his own border to the Muslim kingdom of
265:) with the recognition "of many knights and other good men of the land." Pallars Jussà was the last major county to be annexed to the Crown. Urgell remained independent and Pallars Sobirà and
126:
By the year 1000, the economic and social centre of
Pallars was located in the Pobla de Segur and Tremp, in Pallars Jussà. It was wealthier than Pallars Sobirà and capable of expansion in the
552:
198:
In 1055, Raymond IV completed a marriage alliance with Arnau Mir by wedding his daughter Valença. Their successors reigned down until 1124 when the last of them,
186:
1081, that
Raymond IV was able to regain his position and establish a peace in his Pallars Jussà. The peace lasted a long time, for the son of Artau I,
130:
against the Muslim territory to its south. Raymond III, however, ignored the opportunities of war with the Moor, rather leaving the such venues open to
503:
547:
142:, son and successor of Raymond III, was also prevented from concentrating on the border by the attacks of his neighbours, his cousin
203:
223:
317:
305:
85:
311:
139:
388:
335:
211:
187:
143:
542:
329:
241:), which he granted a charter of tax exemption in 1168. Arnau by his will left Pallars Jussà to the suzerainty of the
199:
93:
323:
89:
48:
during the eleventh and twelfth centuries, long after the march had ceased to be effectively administered by the
341:
246:
24:
347:
250:
147:
65:
289:
266:
227:
112:
277:
242:
238:
219:
215:
101:
455:
404:
372:
353:
254:
151:
401:"Unheroed Pasts: History and Commemoration in South Frankland before the Albigensian Crusades."
16:
262:
207:
131:
120:
81:
53:
385:"Celebration and Persuasion: Reflections on the Cultural Evolution of Medieval Consultation."
257:, the daughter of Bernard Raymond. On 27 May 1192, she donated the county to Alfonso and the
557:
135:
69:
190:(1081–1124), is recorded as never having fought with his relatives of Pallars Jussà.
258:
182:
In the ensuing war, Raymond IV lost most of his fortresses, including his capital, Segur.
49:
417:"Military Orders and Peasant Servitude in Catalonia: Twelfth and Thirteenth Centuries."
105:
45:
536:
64:, independent since the late ninth century. It roughly corresponded with the modern
293:
127:
84:
died and by his testament his county was divided between his sons, the eldest,
518:
505:
97:
29:
416:
400:
368:
116:
109:
384:
218:
and participated in the negotiations which followed the retirement of
164:
231:
276:
probably hailed from
Pallars, though the contemporary chronicler
369:"The Problem of Feudal Monarchy: Aragon, Catalonia, and France."
237:
Around 1161, Arnau founded the new city of
Vilanova de Pallars (
272:
In the late eleventh century, a troop of mercenaries called
431:
Ermengard of
Narbonne and the World of the Troubadours
28:Location of the County of Pallars Jussà within
8:
88:, receiving Pallars Jussà and the younger,
553:Former countries on the Iberian Peninsula
433:. Ithaca: Cornell University Press, 2001.
249:repudiated this. When Raymond's heiress,
288:were active in the early wars involving
96:. Pallars Jussà comprised the valley of
23:
15:
444:
420:The Hispanic American Historical Review
222:in 1137. He was a faithful follower of
253:, died heirless, she was succeeded by
210:. Bernard was succeeded by his nephew
20:Coat of arms of the Counts of Pallars.
476:Bisson (1982), 186. Ibid (1990), 306.
7:
269:were minor counties in comparison.
412::2 (Apr., 1990), pp 281–308.
380::3 (Jul., 1978), pp 460–478.
14:
426::1 (Feb., 1985), pp 91–110.
396::2 (May, 1982), pp 181–204.
204:Raymond Berengar III of Barcelona
224:Raymond Berengar IV of Barcelona
179:, that is, "customary levies."
230:, who granted him the city of
150:, and the noble family of the
1:
389:Legislative Studies Quarterly
108:. It had a frontier with the
214:, who moved in the orbit of
206:against Lleida, died in the
52:. It was a division of the
574:
548:Principality of Catalonia
144:Artau I of Pallars Sobirà
485:Bisson (1978), 466 n23.
158:War with Pallars Sobirà
119:and its capital was at
100:, the left bank of the
38:County of Pallars Jussà
280:derives the name from
202:, who had fought with
148:Ermengol III of Urgell
33:
21:
429:Cheyette, Fredric L.
290:Raymond V of Toulouse
27:
19:
228:Alfonso II of Aragon
44:was a county in the
515: /
454:is the rarely used
278:Geoffrey of Vigeois
243:Knights Hospitaller
220:Ramiro II of Aragon
216:Alfonso the Battler
134:, a baron from the
102:Noguera Ribagorzana
76:Division of Pallars
543:Medieval Catalonia
519:42.2481°N 0.9617°E
494:Cheyette, 425 n21.
399:Bisson, Thomas N.
383:Bisson, Thomas N.
367:Bisson, Thomas N.
261:(specifically the
194:Catalan leadership
34:
22:
356:(1182–1192)
350:(1177–1182)
344:(1174–1177)
338:(1124–1174)
332:(1112–1124)
326:(1098–1112)
320:(1098–1112)
314:(1047–1098)
308:(1011–1047)
263:Kingdom of Aragon
208:Battle of Corbins
132:Arnau Mir de Tost
82:Sunyer of Pallars
56:, which had been
54:County of Pallars
565:
530:
529:
527:
526:
525:
520:
516:
513:
512:
511:
508:
495:
492:
486:
483:
477:
474:
468:
465:
459:
449:
415:Freedman, Paul.
284:(strawmen). The
136:County of Urgell
573:
572:
568:
567:
566:
564:
563:
562:
533:
532:
524:42.2481; 0.9617
523:
521:
517:
514:
509:
506:
504:
502:
501:
499:
498:
493:
489:
484:
480:
475:
471:
466:
462:
450:
446:
441:
436:
363:
330:Bernard Raymond
302:
259:Crown of Aragon
200:Bernard Raymond
196:
160:
78:
66:Catalan comarca
60:, and possible
50:Kings of France
12:
11:
5:
571:
569:
561:
560:
555:
550:
545:
535:
534:
497:
496:
487:
478:
469:
467:Freedman, 109.
460:
443:
442:
440:
437:
435:
434:
427:
413:
397:
381:
364:
362:
359:
358:
357:
351:
345:
339:
333:
327:
321:
318:Arnold Raymond
315:
309:
301:
300:List of counts
298:
245:, but his son
195:
192:
159:
156:
113:Conca de Tremp
106:Pobla de Segur
94:Pallars Sobirà
77:
74:
46:Hispanic March
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
570:
559:
556:
554:
551:
549:
546:
544:
541:
540:
538:
531:
528:
491:
488:
482:
479:
473:
470:
464:
461:
457:
453:
448:
445:
438:
432:
428:
425:
421:
418:
414:
411:
407:
406:
402:
398:
395:
391:
390:
386:
382:
379:
375:
374:
370:
366:
365:
360:
355:
352:
349:
346:
343:
340:
337:
334:
331:
328:
325:
324:Peter Raymond
322:
319:
316:
313:
310:
307:
304:
303:
299:
297:
295:
291:
287:
283:
279:
275:
270:
268:
264:
260:
256:
252:
248:
244:
240:
239:Palau Noguera
235:
233:
229:
225:
221:
217:
213:
209:
205:
201:
193:
191:
189:
183:
180:
178:
174:
170:
166:
157:
155:
153:
149:
145:
141:
137:
133:
129:
124:
122:
118:
114:
111:
107:
103:
99:
95:
91:
87:
83:
75:
73:
71:
70:Pallars Jussà
67:
63:
59:
55:
51:
47:
43:
42:Lower Pallars
39:
31:
26:
18:
500:
490:
481:
472:
463:
451:
447:
430:
423:
419:
409:
403:
393:
387:
377:
371:
294:Albigensians
285:
281:
273:
271:
236:
197:
184:
181:
176:
172:
168:
161:
125:
92:, receiving
79:
61:
57:
41:
37:
35:
522: /
452:Pallás Jusá
354:Dulce de So
306:Raymond III
255:Dolça de Só
152:Vallferrera
128:Reconquista
86:Raymond III
537:Categories
507:42°14′53″N
336:Arnold Mir
312:Raymond IV
140:Raymond IV
90:William II
510:0°57′42″E
456:Castilian
342:Raymond V
247:Raymond V
212:Arnau Mir
98:Flamicell
80:In 1011,
30:Catalonia
405:Speculum
373:Speculum
292:and the
286:paillers
282:palearii
274:paillers
267:Empúries
188:Artau II
58:de facto
558:Pallars
361:Sources
348:Valença
251:Valença
177:usatici
173:forciae
117:Montsec
110:Moorish
62:de jure
175:, and
169:toltae
165:Lleida
104:, and
458:form.
439:Notes
232:Fraga
121:Segur
226:and
115:and
36:The
68:of
40:or
539::
424:65
422:,
410:65
408:,
392:,
378:53
376:,
296:.
234:.
171:,
154:.
146:,
138:.
123:.
72:.
394:7
32:.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License. Additional terms may apply.
