29:
798:
405:
217:
192:
38:
765:
Sound
Blaster achieved competitive control of the PC audio market by 1992, the same year that its main competitor, Ad Lib, Inc., went bankrupt. In the mid-1990s, following the launch of the Sound Blaster 16 and related products, Creative Technologies' audio revenue grew from US$ 40 million to nearly
456:
At the same time, Esber and the original founders of the company had differences of opinion on the strategy and positioning of the company. Esber exited in 1995, followed quickly by
Buchanan and Pomerantz. Following Esber's departure, Sorkin was promoted to General Manager of Audio and Communication
657:
At the
Consumer Electronics Show (CES) in Las Vegas in January 2018, its Super X-Fi dongle won the Best of CES 2018 Award by AVS Forum. The product was launched after more than $ 100 million in investment and garnered positive analyst reports. This new technology renewed interest in the company and
698:
was among the first dedicated audio processing cards to be made widely available to the general consumer. As the first to bundle what is now considered to be a part of a sound card system: digital audio, on-board music synthesizer, MIDI interface and a joystick port, Sound
Blaster rose to become a
617:
In early 2008, Creative Labs' technical support centre, located in
Stillwater, Oklahoma, US laid off several technical support staff, furthering ongoing concerns surrounding Creative's financial situation. Later that year, the company faced a public-relations backlash when it demanded that a user
447:
joined
Creative Labs as CEO to assemble a management team to support the company's rapid growth. Esber brought in a team of US executives, including Rich Buchanan (graphics), Gail Pomerantz (marketing), and Rich Sorkin (sound products, and later communications, OEM and business development). This
749:
chip found on the AdLib card, as well as adding a component for playing and recording digital samples. Creative aggressively marketed the "stereo" aspect of the Sound
Blaster (only the C/MS chips were capable of stereo, not the complete product) to calling the sound producing micro-controller a
573:
on 5 January 2001 and was awarded the patent on 9 August 2005. The Zen patent was awarded to the firm for the invention of user interface for portable media players. This opened the way for potential legal action against Apple's iPod and the other competing players. The firm took legal actions
493:
AU8820 Vortex 3D sound technology. The firm at the time was in development of their own in house PCI audio cards but were finding little success adopting the PCI standard. In
January 1998 in order to quickly facilitate a working PCI audio technology, the firm made the acquisition of
602:
and Extigy soundcards were marketed. The firm offered customers who purchased the cards up to a $ 62.50 reduction on the cost of their next purchase of its products, while the lawyers involved in filing the dispute against
Creative received a payment of approximately $ 470,000.
452:
at the high end and Aztech at the low end. Sorkin, in particular, dramatically strengthened the company's brand position through crisp licensing and an aggressive defense of
Creative's intellectual property positions while working to shorten product development cycles.
400:
and featuring multimedia features like enhanced color graphics and a built-in audio board capable of producing speech and melodies. With lack of demand for multilingual computers and few multimedia software applications available, the Cubic was a commercial failure.
472:
and media streaming, Creative was well-positioned to take advantage of the Internet era, but ventured into the CD-ROM market and was eventually forced to write off nearly US$ 100 million in inventory when the market collapsed due to a flood of cheaper alternatives.
769:
The sixth generation of Sound Blaster sound cards introduced SBX Pro Studio, a feature that restores the highs and lows of compressed audio files, enhancing detail and clarity. SBX Pro Studio also offers user settings for controlling bass and virtual surround.
618:
named "Daniel_K" cease distributing modified versions of drivers for Windows Vista which restored functionality that had been available in drivers for Windows XP. The company deleted his account from its online forums but reinstated it a week later.
621:
In January 2009, the firm generated Internet buzz with a mysterious website promising a "stem cell-like" processor which would give a 100-fold increase in supercomputing power over current technology, as well as advances in consumer 3D graphics. At
785:
The audio and video engine of the X-Fi Sonic Carrier are powered by 7 processors with a total of 14 cores. It supports both local and streaming video content at up to 4K 60 fps, as well as 15.2 channels of high resolution audio playback.
574:
against Apple in May 2006. In August, 2006, Creative and Apple entered into a broad settlement, with Apple paying Creative $ 100 million for the licence to use the Zen patent. The firm then joined the "Made for iPod" program.
578:
754:(the DSP could encode/decode ADPCM in real time, but otherwise had no other DSP-like qualities). Monaural Sound Blaster cards were introduced in 1989, and Sound Blaster Pro stereo cards followed in 1992. The 16-bit
646:
for Intel to license technology and patents from ZiiLABS Inc. Ltd, a wholly owned subsidiary of Creative, and acquire engineering resources and assets related to its UK branch as a part of a $ 50 million deal.
651:(still wholly owned by Creative) continues to retain all ownership of its StemCell media processor technologies and patents, and will continue to supply and support its ZMS series of chips to its customers.
532:
In December 1999, after numerous lawsuits, Aureal won a favourable ruling but went bankrupt as a result of legal costs and their investors pulling out. Their assets were acquired by Creative through the
2314:
1314:
778:
The Creative X-Fi Sonic Carrier, launched in January 2016, consists of a long main unit and a subwoofer that houses 17 drivers in an 11.2.4 speaker configuration. It incorporates
2309:
1288:
2269:
537:
in September 2000 for US$ 32 million. The firm had in effect removed their only major direct competitor in the 3D gaming audio market, excluding their later acquisition of
2329:
2294:
2264:
1212:
2274:
1114:
517:
bus in order to compete with upcoming Aureal AU8830 Vortex2 sound chip. Aureal at this time were making fliers comparing their new AU8830 chips to the now shipping
789:
It also comes with 3 distinct wireless technologies that allow multi-room Wi-Fi, Bluetooth, and a zero-latency speaker-to-speaker link to up to 4 subwoofer units.
412:
Shifting focus from language to music, Creative developed the Creative Music System, a PC add-on card. Sim established Creative Labs, Inc. in the United States'
2289:
1965:
502:. Aureal filed a counterclaim stating the firm was intentionally interfering with its business prospects, had defamed them, commercially disparaged, engaged in
2319:
1169:
564:. In November 2004, the firm announced a $ 100 million marketing campaign to promote their digital audio products, including the ZEN range of MP3 players.
654:
From 2014 to 2017, Creative's revenue from audio products have contracted at an average of 15% annually, due to increased competition in the audio space.
344:
card and technologies; the company continues to develop Sound Blaster products including embedding it with partnered mainboard manufacturers and laptops.
665:
market, but nearly half of the company's income is generated in the United States and South America; the European Union represents 32% of revenues, with
1681:
1507:
1467:
506:
with intent to slow down Aureals sales, and acted fraudulently. The suit had come only days after Aureal gained a fair market with the AU8820 Vortex1.
1560:
1440:
1534:
2284:
1726:
1318:
1153:
2279:
782:
surround processing, and also features Creative's EAX 15.2 Dimensional Audio to extract, enhance and upscale sound from legacy material.
1230:
2304:
1802:
1340:
457:
Products and later Executive Vice-President of Business Development and Corporate Investments, before leaving Creative in 1996 to run
1508:"Creative Technology Announces Completion of Its Voluntary Delisting from Nasdaq – Company's Sole Exchange Listing Now On the SGX-ST"
1292:
2299:
1958:
514:
490:
1629:
498:
for US$ 77 million. On 5 March 1998 the firm sued Aureal with patent infringement claims over a MIDI caching technology held by
672:
On January 4, 2023, Sim died at age 67, with president of Creative Labs Business Unit Song Siow Hui appointed as interim CEO.
1917:
1051:
2130:
904:
482:
1708:
1216:
1088:
1493:
2259:
1951:
1586:
2324:
525:
EMU10K1 chip sparked another flurry of lawsuits against Aureal, this time claiming Aureal had falsely advertised the
432:
show just as the multimedia PC market, fueled by Intel's 386 CPU and Microsoft Windows 3.0, took off. The success of
1777:
2094:
623:
2104:
2000:
1186:
751:
1685:
2109:
1828:
1261:
176:
1511:
337:
722:
561:
396:
computer. Later, Creative spent $ 500,000 developing the Cubic CT, an IBM-compatible PC adapted for the
1014:
797:
2179:
2099:
2071:
2018:
926:
894:
862:
595:
549:
486:
448:
group played key roles in reversing a brutal market share decline caused by intense competition from
424:
division. The success of this audio interface led to the development of the standalone Sound Blaster
389:
381:
278:
221:
196:
180:
43:
703:
standard for sound cards in PCs for many years. Creative Technology have made their own file format
28:
2066:
2056:
2051:
759:
755:
704:
526:
522:
518:
510:
416:
and convinced software developers to support the sound card, renamed Game Blaster and marketed by
2076:
1868:
1611:
1487:
1075:
914:
611:
503:
364:
68:
997:
2041:
1367:
1149:
1108:
858:
848:
734:
643:
421:
1238:
2114:
2061:
2046:
852:
737:
division to market the product as the Game Blaster. While the Game Blaster did not overcome
534:
397:
1655:
1344:
468:
By 1996, Creative's revenues had peaked at US$ 1.6 billion. With pioneering investments in
72:
725:
architecture. When C/MS struggled to acquire market share, Sim traveled from Singapore to
393:
1894:
1416:
1394:
436:
helped grow Creative's revenue from US$ 5.4 million in 1989 to US$ 658 million in 1994.
2215:
2013:
936:
726:
658:
likely helped to raise its share price from S$ 1.25 to S$ 8.75 within a 2-week period.
545:
413:
360:
127:
31 International Business Park Rd, Lobby C, #03-01, Creative Resource, Singapore 609921
54:
1682:"Creative to license technology and patents to Intel as part of a us$ 50 million deal"
404:
2253:
2225:
2210:
2033:
2008:
1987:
1145:
Asia's Computer Challenge: Threat or Opportunity for the United States and the World?
955:
931:
876:
867:
839:
816:
746:
742:
692:
686:
553:
433:
341:
329:
62:
2220:
1925:
1372:
1266:
946:
941:
872:
829:
590:
581:
557:
499:
449:
385:
333:
268:
111:
1561:"Creative Sparks Customer Revolt When It Tries To Silence Third-Party Programmer"
1143:
1709:"Creative Technology – DBS Research 2018-03-01: Game Changing Portable 3d Audio"
1092:
779:
708:
440:
317:
661:
The company is still producing Chinese-language and bilingual software for the
1036:
730:
695:
569:
425:
417:
325:
246:
209:
172:
1850:
1752:
2230:
965:
844:
741:
sound card market dominance, Creative used the platform to create the first
662:
458:
439:
In 1993, the year after Creative's initial public offering, in 1992, former
313:
642:
In November 2012, the firm announced it has entered into an agreement with
1128:
37:
2189:
2023:
992:
990:
960:
909:
700:
538:
444:
348:
262:
2194:
2184:
2086:
1727:"Creative CEO: Super X-Fi audio tech more revolutionary than colour TV"
970:
950:
899:
648:
627:
495:
272:
254:
1943:
1052:"Sim Wong Hoo, founder of Sound Blaster maker Creative Labs, has died"
388:
and Ng Kai Wa. Originally a computer repair shop in Pearl's Centre in
2135:
974:
631:
610:, where it had the symbol of CREAF. Its stocks are now solely on the
607:
599:
521:. The specifications within these fliers comparing the AU8830 to the
429:
356:
258:
1315:"Creative Files False Advertising and Other Claims Against Aureal"
1037:"About Creative - Creative Companies - Creative Store (Singapore)"
889:
796:
738:
576:
403:
392:, the company eventually developed an add-on memory board for the
352:
321:
1753:"C76.SI interactive stock chart | Creative Technology Ltd. stock"
1630:"Creative's Zii 'Stemcell Computing' is not likely to be awesome"
1441:"A Steve Jobs Rival Who Hit Hard Times Makes Remarkable Comeback"
1129:"About Creative - Corporate Profile - Creative Store (Singapore)"
380:
Creative Technology was founded in 1981 by childhood friends and
666:
577:
469:
462:
2161:
1985:
1947:
2140:
1076:
https://www.theregister.com/2023/01/09/asia_tech_news_roundup/
833:
158:
151:
1535:"Creative irate after modder spruces up Vista X-Fi drivers"
1510:(Press release). Creative. 4 September 2007. Archived from
1289:"Aureal Welcomes Creative Labs to Competitive Marketplace"
292:
489:
entered the soundcard market with their very competitive
634:
and Creative's Personal Digital Entertainment division.
336:, Creative was highly influential in the advancement of
324:
technologies and products such as speakers, headphones,
1803:"Creative Technology founder and CEO Sim Wong Hoo dies"
1262:"Writs fly as Aureal countersues Creative Technologies"
1050:
Chalk, Andy; published, Jacob Ridley (5 January 2023).
626:
2009, it was revealed to be the ZMS-05 processor from
594:
reported that Creative Labs had agreed to settle in a
1615:
340:
audio in the 1990s following the introduction of its
1142:
Jason Dedrick; Kenneth L. Kraemer (20 August 1998).
2203:
2172:
2123:
2085:
2032:
1999:
1587:"Creative Backs Down, Reinstates Spurned Developer"
606:In 2007, Creative voluntarily delisted itself from
287:
245:
232:
207:
186:
168:
141:
131:
123:
104:
86:
78:
60:
50:
2315:Multinational companies headquartered in Singapore
513:was the firm's first sound card developed for the
481:The firm had maintained a strong foothold in the
1474:. Archived from the original on 13 February 2010
1435:
1433:
1213:"Aureal And Creative Engage In Legal Skirmish"
750:"DSP", hoping to associate the product with a
1959:
1148:. Oxford University Press. pp. 179–180.
745:, which retained CM/S hardware and added the
363:. Creative Technology has been listed on the
8:
630:, a subsidiary formed from the combining of
21:
2310:Manufacturing companies established in 1981
1113:: CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (
2270:Companies listed on the Singapore Exchange
2169:
2158:
1996:
1982:
1966:
1952:
1944:
36:
27:
20:
2330:Singaporean companies established in 1981
2295:Electronics companies established in 1981
1684:. Creative Technology Ltd. Archived from
998:"CREATIVE Fiscal Year 2022 Annual Report"
717:In 1987 Creative Technology released the
347:The company also has overseas offices in
1215:. Aureal. 29 August 1999. Archived from
485:PC audio market until 14 July 1997 when
2265:Companies formerly listed on the Nasdaq
986:
2275:Computer companies established in 1981
1485:
1106:
721:(C/MS), a 12-voice sound card for the
461:'s first startup and Internet pioneer
1170:"Oral History of Edward M. Esber, Jr"
836:players, drives, and controller cards
544:In April 1999, the firm launched the
7:
2290:Design companies established in 1981
2320:Portable audio player manufacturers
1827:Graham, Jefferson (28 June 2004).
14:
1778:"Creative Technology Ltd history"
1585:Alexander, Carey (5 April 2008).
1559:Walters, Chris (31 March 2008).
1366:Smith, Tony (18 November 2004).
408:Creative Music System sound card
216:
215:
191:
190:
1829:"Creative's name describes CEO"
1707:Mittal, Sachin (1 March 2018).
1368:"Creative declares war on iPod"
552:that would later introduce the
1851:"ad lib | PC Perspective"
1533:Hruska, Joel (31 March 2008).
1466:Burns, Simon (22 March 2005).
905:Environmental audio extensions
16:Singaporean technology company
1:
2285:Computer peripheral companies
1468:"Creative Labs owes you $ 62"
1237:(Usenet post). Archived from
1087:(C) Creative Labs 1999-2015.
320:company mainly dealing with
2280:Computer hardware companies
812:Portable Bluetooth speakers
774:Creative X-Fi Sonic Carrier
729:and negotiated a deal with
2346:
762:offered 32 and 64 voices.
758:added Wavetable MIDI, and
684:
2305:Loudspeaker manufacturers
2168:
2157:
1995:
1981:
1869:"What is SBX Pro Studio?"
1492:: CS1 maint: unfit URL (
1231:"Creative Labs v. Aureal"
1015:"Creative Technology Ltd"
428:, introduced at the 1989
35:
26:
2300:Headphones manufacturers
766:US$ 1 billion annually.
752:digital signal processor
306:Creative Technology Ltd.
42:Creative Labs office in
22:Creative Technology Ltd.
1916:Staff (24 March 1997).
1235:fido7.su.hardw.pc.sound
1089:"Creative OEM Partners"
150:Song Siow Hui (Interim
1656:"Creative unveils Zii"
879:portable media players
802:
669:making the remainder.
585:
584:V digital music player
562:portable media players
409:
310:Creative Labs Pte Ltd.
92:; 43 years ago
1397:. Creative Technology
1249:– via DSP Wiki.
824:Discontinued products
800:
719:Creative Music System
580:
570:U.S. patent 6,928,433
567:The firm applied for
550:digital audio players
407:
2180:Cambridge SoundWorks
2163:Divisions and brands
2019:Ensoniq ES-5506 OTTO
927:Cambridge SoundWorks
921:Divisions and brands
895:Aureal Semiconductor
801:Creative T4 speakers
596:class action lawsuit
509:In August 1998, the
487:Aureal Semiconductor
382:Ngee Ann Polytechnic
279:Cambridge SoundWorks
181:Consumer electronics
82:Consumer electronics
44:Milpitas, California
2260:Creative Technology
1975:Creative Technology
1928:on 18 February 1998
1918:"Creative Does DVD"
1688:on 29 November 2012
1618:on 15 January 2009.
1321:on 22 February 2014
1295:on 22 February 2014
1193:. 29 September 2000
1187:"Creative's Genius"
815:Creative GigaWorks
756:Sound Blaster AWE32
527:Sound Blaster Live!
523:Sound Blaster Live!
519:Sound Blaster Live!
511:Sound Blaster Live!
234:Number of employees
23:
2325:Singaporean brands
1636:. 26 December 2008
1514:on 4 December 2008
1447:. 20 February 2019
1347:on 10 October 2007
1241:on 3 February 2015
1219:on 29 August 1999.
803:
612:Singapore Exchange
598:about the way its
588:On 22 March 2005,
586:
504:unfair competition
410:
367:(SGX) since 1994.
365:Singapore Exchange
2247:
2246:
2243:
2242:
2239:
2238:
2153:
2152:
2149:
2148:
2095:Soundscape S-2000
1895:"Press Relations"
1873:Audio Made Clever
1417:"Press Relations"
1395:"Press Relations"
1155:978-0-19-535280-1
849:computer keyboard
644:Intel Corporation
529:'s capabilities.
303:
302:
241:
228:
203:
2337:
2170:
2159:
2105:Soundscape Elite
1997:
1983:
1968:
1961:
1954:
1945:
1938:
1937:
1935:
1933:
1924:. Archived from
1913:
1907:
1906:
1904:
1902:
1891:
1885:
1884:
1882:
1880:
1865:
1859:
1858:
1847:
1841:
1840:
1838:
1836:
1824:
1818:
1817:
1815:
1813:
1799:
1793:
1792:
1790:
1788:
1774:
1768:
1767:
1765:
1763:
1749:
1743:
1742:
1740:
1738:
1723:
1717:
1716:
1704:
1698:
1697:
1695:
1693:
1678:
1672:
1671:
1669:
1667:
1662:. 8 January 2009
1652:
1646:
1645:
1643:
1641:
1626:
1620:
1619:
1614:. Archived from
1608:
1602:
1601:
1599:
1597:
1582:
1576:
1575:
1573:
1571:
1556:
1550:
1549:
1547:
1545:
1530:
1524:
1523:
1521:
1519:
1504:
1498:
1497:
1491:
1483:
1481:
1479:
1463:
1457:
1456:
1454:
1452:
1437:
1428:
1427:
1425:
1423:
1413:
1407:
1406:
1404:
1402:
1391:
1385:
1384:
1382:
1380:
1363:
1357:
1356:
1354:
1352:
1343:. Archived from
1337:
1331:
1330:
1328:
1326:
1317:. Archived from
1311:
1305:
1304:
1302:
1300:
1291:. Archived from
1285:
1279:
1278:
1276:
1274:
1257:
1251:
1250:
1248:
1246:
1227:
1221:
1220:
1209:
1203:
1202:
1200:
1198:
1183:
1177:
1176:
1174:
1166:
1160:
1159:
1139:
1133:
1132:
1125:
1119:
1118:
1112:
1104:
1102:
1100:
1091:. Archived from
1084:
1078:
1073:
1067:
1066:
1064:
1062:
1047:
1041:
1040:
1033:
1027:
1026:
1024:
1022:
1011:
1005:
1004:
1002:
994:
853:musical keyboard
713:
572:
535:bankruptcy court
398:Chinese language
299:
296:
294:
239:
226:
224:
219:
218:
201:
199:
194:
193:
100:
98:
93:
90:1 July 1981
40:
31:
24:
2345:
2344:
2340:
2339:
2338:
2336:
2335:
2334:
2250:
2249:
2248:
2235:
2199:
2164:
2145:
2119:
2110:Soundscape OPUS
2081:
2028:
1991:
1977:
1972:
1942:
1941:
1931:
1929:
1915:
1914:
1910:
1900:
1898:
1893:
1892:
1888:
1878:
1876:
1867:
1866:
1862:
1849:
1848:
1844:
1834:
1832:
1826:
1825:
1821:
1811:
1809:
1801:
1800:
1796:
1786:
1784:
1782:Fundinguniverse
1776:
1775:
1771:
1761:
1759:
1751:
1750:
1746:
1736:
1734:
1733:. 19 March 2018
1725:
1724:
1720:
1706:
1705:
1701:
1691:
1689:
1680:
1679:
1675:
1665:
1663:
1654:
1653:
1649:
1639:
1637:
1628:
1627:
1623:
1610:
1609:
1605:
1595:
1593:
1591:The Consumerist
1584:
1583:
1579:
1569:
1567:
1565:The Consumerist
1558:
1557:
1553:
1543:
1541:
1532:
1531:
1527:
1517:
1515:
1506:
1505:
1501:
1484:
1477:
1475:
1465:
1464:
1460:
1450:
1448:
1439:
1438:
1431:
1421:
1419:
1415:
1414:
1410:
1400:
1398:
1393:
1392:
1388:
1378:
1376:
1365:
1364:
1360:
1350:
1348:
1339:
1338:
1334:
1324:
1322:
1313:
1312:
1308:
1298:
1296:
1287:
1286:
1282:
1272:
1270:
1259:
1258:
1254:
1244:
1242:
1229:
1228:
1224:
1211:
1210:
1206:
1196:
1194:
1185:
1184:
1180:
1172:
1168:
1167:
1163:
1156:
1141:
1140:
1136:
1127:
1126:
1122:
1105:
1098:
1096:
1095:on 2 April 2015
1086:
1085:
1081:
1074:
1070:
1060:
1058:
1049:
1048:
1044:
1035:
1034:
1030:
1020:
1018:
1013:
1012:
1008:
1000:
996:
995:
988:
983:
923:
886:
826:
809:Gaming headsets
795:
776:
711:
689:
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269:E-mu Systems
247:Subsidiaries
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124:Headquarters
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1831:. USA Today
1713:SGinvestors
1692:19 November
1666:11 November
1640:11 November
1379:11 November
1021:11 November
973:, formerly
855:combination
780:Dolby Atmos
709:file format
691:Creative's
441:Ashton-Tate
326:sound cards
318:electronics
314:Singaporean
133:Area served
2254:Categories
1932:5 December
1897:. Creative
1875:. Creative
1762:18 January
1596:18 January
1570:18 January
1544:18 January
1017:. Hoover's
981:References
806:Headphones
731:RadioShack
696:sound card
614:(SGX-ST).
560:series of
426:sound card
418:RadioShack
328:and other
210:Net income
173:Multimedia
143:Key people
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2173:Divisions
1812:5 January
1518:1 January
1488:cite news
1445:Bloomberg
966:SoundFont
863:keyboards
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663:Singapore
477:1997–2011
459:Elon Musk
390:Chinatown
376:1981–1996
295:.creative
137:Worldwide
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63:Traded as
2190:Sensaura
2124:Software
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2062:AudioPCI
2024:E-mu 20K
1922:PC Gamer
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1835:31 March
1787:21 March
1737:10 April
1660:Engadget
1634:Engadget
1478:26 March
1451:21 March
1422:17 April
1401:17 April
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1341:"ALive!"
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1273:17 April
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359:and the
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2195:ZiiLABS
2185:Ensoniq
2087:Ensoniq
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971:ZiiLABS
951:Ensoniq
900:Ensoniq
868:Vado HD
739:AdLib's
649:ZiiLABS
628:ZiiLABS
496:Ensoniq
371:History
312:, is a
288:Website
273:Ensoniq
255:ZiiLABS
187:Revenue
105:Founder
95: (
87:Founded
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1990:-brand
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632:3DLabs
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430:COMDEX
357:Dublin
259:3Dlabs
240:(2012)
227:(2022)
202:(2022)
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2067:Live!
2057:AWE64
2052:AWE32
1612:"Zii"
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760:AWE64
735:Tandy
546:NOMAD
422:Tandy
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322:audio
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1934:2019
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