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Cromwell's Other House

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199:, Greeting.—— Whereas by the advise and assent of our Councell for certain greate and weighty affaires concerning toe the state and defence of the saide Comonwealth, We ordayned our present parliament to be held at our City of Westminster, the seventeenth day of September, in the yeare of our Lorde one thousand six hundred fiftie and six, and there to consult and advise with the Knights, Citizens, and Burgesses of our said comonwealth, which Parliament was then and there held, and continued until the six and twentieth day of June last past, and then Adjourned until the twentieth day of January now next coming: Therefore we command and firmely enjoyne you, that considering the difficultie of the said affaires and eminent dangers, all excuses being left aside, you be personally present att Weftminster aforesaid the said twentieth day of January next comeinge, there to treate, conferr, and give your advise with us and with the Greate Men and Nobles in and concerninge the affaires aforesaid. And this as you Love and Honor our safety and the defence of the commonwealth aforefaid, you shall in noe wise omitt. Witness ourselfe at Westminster, the nynth day of December, in the yeare of our Lord one thousand six hundred fifty and seaven. 1654:
as it shows they complied with the writ of summons. At the end of the names is added, "This agreeth with the originall remayning in the Pettie Bag, John Thompſon:" there seems to have been a Seal appendant to it, and that it has been torn off. The persons are given the style of the person as in the original but Noble changed the orthography of both that and the names. (
1653:
Then follow the names of the other lords, with the words "sworne" added to them, written with a different ink, a proof that it was put in after the names had been written; to prevent a needless repetition of the same word, this mark (§) is placed against such who had that word placed to their names,
89:
On 6 May 1656 Cromwell rejected the title of King as proposed in the draft version of the Humble Petition, but accepted a reworded Humble Petition on 25 May. It included provisions for him as Lord Protector, tri-annual parliaments and an Other House of 40 to 70 members nominated for life by the Lord
1610:
The Humble Partition states "to create the 'Other House,' the members to be such as should be nominated by his highness and approved by the commons". George Craik notes "The commonwealth-men, it appears, would tolerate neither the designation 'House of Lords.' nor that of 'Upper House.' The thing
1970:
Cobbett's parliamentary history of England, from the Norman Conquest, in 1066 to the year, 1803: from which last-mentioned epoch it is continued downwards in the work entitled, "Cobbett's parliamentary debates", Volume 3 (Comprising the period from the Battle of Edge-Hill, in October 1642, to the
155:
Matters were made worse when Parliament reconvened on 20 January 1658. Republicans in the lower house attempted to kill off the second house before a name for the chamber had been decided upon. After five days of debate with no agreement on whether it should be called the 'House of Lords' or the
156:'Other House', Cromwell addressed both houses warning them that such disagreements encouraged Royalists and threatened the country with a new civil war. Parliament was in no mood to heed his warning and continued to disagree among themselves, so on 4 February 1658 Cromwell dissolved Parliament. 178:(27 January 1659 – 22 April 1659) included a second chamber, but republicans in the House of Commons treated it with suspicion as they considered some of the members to be Presbyterians and closet Royalists. Parliament was soon deadlocked and was dissolved by 1611:
was, therefore, termed 'the Other House;' that branch of the legislature losing not less in real power than it lost in name or dignity: they were not to exceed seventy in number, nor to be less than forty, whereof one-and-twenty were to form a
1797: 1672: 2053:
Memoirs of the protectoral-house of Cromwell;: deduced from an early period, and continued down to the present time ... collected chiefly from original papers and records ... together with an appendix ... Embellished with elegant
85:
words, would be "a great security and a bulwark to the common interest". On 11 March 1656 the House of Commons passed a bill creating a second house which would consist of up to 70 members nominated by the Lord Protector.
2092:, Esq. Member in the Parliaments of Oliver and Richard Cromwell from 1656-59 ...: With an introduction containing an Account of the Parliament of 1654; from the Journal of Guibon Goddard 1683:–427 Citing: The Rev. Mr. Ayscough's catalogue of M.S.S. in the British Museum, no. 3246. The fourth and last column is an editorial comment and is not part of the original source. 1028: 2228:... . This contains the lists of the different peers attending the meetings of Cromwell's House of Lords, with mention also of the various offices held by them. — R. B. Upton. 195:
Oliver, Lord Protector of the Commonwealth of England, Scotland, and Ireland, and the Domynions and Territories thereunto belonging. To our trusty and wellbeloved Sonne Lord
186:, when it became clear that the Commons was seeking ways to disband the Army. With that dissolution the Other House, that had come into existence in 1656, never reconvened. 90:
Protector, with a quorum of 21. Thus the second house became a fixture of the Protectorate, cemented in place by the Humble Petition and Advice, a new written constitution.
1615:; they were not to give any vote by proxy; on death or removal no new members were to be admitted to sit and vote but by consent of the House of Commons, &c." ( 1588: 1073: 513: 2057: 1880: 1680: 2299: 834: 457: 159:
After Oliver Cromwell's death in September 1658, those in the funeral procession who had noble titles under the ancient regime were so called (for example
46:, was one of the two chambers of the parliaments that legislated for England and Wales, Scotland, and Ireland, in 1658 and 1659, the final years of the 2264: 319: 2269: 152:. So, filling the second house proved more difficult than creating it. Of the 63 nominees only 42 accepted and only 37 came to the first meeting. 2224:
The MS. Journal of the Protectorate House of Lords, in possession of the late Sir Richard Tangye, was published this year for the first time in
410: 389: 160: 149: 2254: 2074: 2016: 733: 527: 502: 479: 2040:, vol. III (new, 13 volumes in 14 (1910-1959); reprint in 6 volumes ed.), Gloucester, U.K.: Alan Sutton Publishing, p. 76 1097: 752: 2089: 548: 431: 102: 94: 77:, and others wanted an upper chamber as a check on the power of the Lower House because he had found it difficult to control over the 36: 1380:. He was foundling in a church porch. He was at first a drayman, and before the start of the Civil War he had established a brewery. 2259: 1550: 1050: 858: 596: 145: 2151: 2148:
The Harleian Miscellany: A Collection of Scarce, Curious, and Entertaining Pamphlets and Tracts, as Well in Manuscript as in Print
2128:
Complete peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain and the United Kingdom, extant, extinct or dormant (Dacre to Dysart)
1928: 1124: 359: 2274: 1531: 1473: 631: 618: 106: 2108: 1912: 1307: 644: 130: 63: 1852: 1836: 2289: 1729:
Besides the 61 Protectorate lords of the other house listed above, two more gentlemen were given as Protectorate lords by
1107: 279: 175: 1568: 1007: 1493: 1414: 568: 141: 2038:
The Complete Peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain and the United Kingdom, Extant, Extinct or Dormant
1986: 841: 70: 59: 43: 1179: 2294: 2284: 2279: 126: 98: 2048: 1346: 1199: 2209: 171:, General in Scotland", who had not taken up their seats in the Other House, were not referred to as lord. 1453: 1253: 960: 2172: 2000:
The Statesmen of the Commonwealth of England: With a Treatise on the Popular Progress in English History
582: 114: 110: 2123: 887: 444: 118: 1658:, p. 371 Citing: The Rev. Mr. Ayscough's catalogue of M.S.S. in the British Museum, no. 3246.) 1085:
A near relation to the protector by the marriage of Russell's daughter Elizabeth to Henry Cromwell.
2201: 1991:
The Pictorial History of England: Being a History of the People as Well as a History of the Kingdom
1733:, but if so Mark Noble surmises they must have been invited to join the house after the year 1657 ( 798: 770: 463: 1982: 1978: 1267: 692: 677: 395: 205:
the like writts be directed to the respective persons under written, dated as aforefaid (to wit)
122: 2218: 2099:
Walford, W. S. (1860), "Notice of the Roll of Arms belonging to Wilkinson Mathews esq. Q.C.",
2070: 2012: 1633: 1433: 1286: 922: 864: 339: 144:) summoned to attend this second chamber declined to sit, and to show his contempt for them, 2150:, John White, and John Murray, Fleet-Street; and John Harding, St. James's-Street, pp.  2083: 1377: 1326: 1161: 1079: 880: 791: 485: 437: 416: 237: 179: 47: 1243: 1219: 1056: 1034: 1013: 365: 74: 39: 2137:
Cromwell's House of Lords: Politics, Parliaments and Constitutional Revolution, 1642-1660
2231:
There is a list of many of these persona (with armorial bearings) in Sir J. Prestwich's
2156: 1392: 1143: 903: 813: 257: 183: 164: 2186:
For an exhaustive list of Cromwell's "Other House" or "House of Lords" see G. E. C.'s
2248: 1512: 941: 712: 666: 624: 602: 2056:, vol. I, Paternoster-Row, London: Robinson G. G. J. and Robinson J., pp.  739:
one of the generals of our fleet, and one of the lords commissioners of our Treasury
491:
In 1657 he was a viscount, and married to Mary younger daughter of Oliver Cromwell.
1730: 1367: 1229: 983: 168: 82: 81:. He pushed for a second chamber which would consist of nominated members who, in 134: 78: 2200:
The knights made by both the Protectors, Oliver and Richard, are enumerated in
574: 299: 2026: 1628:
For more details of these men see Noble Volume 1. Judges of the Upper Bench (
163:); those who had sat in Cromwell's Other House were called lord (for example 1667:
The text in the first three columns (although not headings) is taken from
1188:
Raised to a peerage by Charles II after the restoration of the monarchy.
2140: 650: 2132:
A complete list of the members of the Other House with bibliographies.
2130:, vol. 4, London: The St. Catherine Press, ltd., pp. 585–648 1612: 777:
chief-justice assigned to hold pleas before us in the Upper Bench
66:
there was a firming of opinion that a second chamber was needed.
1355:
brother-in-law to the protector, and one of four Welsh members.
2146:
Oldys, William, ed. (1810), "A second narrative and the Oath",
1103: 824:
Married to Elizabeth Cromwell, a cousin of the Lord Protector
722:
Married Eltisley Jane Cromwell, sister to the Lord Protector.
2193:
For full particulars of Cromwellian baronets see G. E. C.'s
2009:
The Making of a Ruling Class: The Glamorgan Gentry 1640-1790
1208:
Nephew by marriage to Oliver Cromwell. One of three Scots.
379:, one of whom had been a drayman and the other a cobbler. 2002:, vol. 5, Longman, Orme, Brown, Green & Longmans 2226:
The House of Lords' Manuscripts, Vol. IV. (New Series),
244:
The eldest surviving son of the Lord Protector Oliver.
1762: 1760: 208: 2179:
A list of these will be found in vol. ii. of Noble's
1616: 137:, were summoned as assistants to the second chamber. 2159:
on the persons sitting in Cromwell's House of Lords.
2155:
contemporary pamphlet written by a supporter of the
2067:
Civil War: The Wars of the Three Kingdoms 1638-1660
680:, Oliver Cromwell's second and favourite daughter. 1971:restoration of Charles the Second, in April 1660) 2171:, London: John C. Francis and J Edward Francis: 2094:, vol. II (IV volumes ed.), H. Colburn 305:one of the lords commissioners of our great-seal 1589:Knights, baronets and peers of the Protectorate 268:The other surviving son of the Lord Protector. 193: 182:, the new Lord Protector, on the advice of the 2163:"Titles conferred by Cromwell (10 S. x. 49)", 1789: 1787: 1725: 1723: 1713:, p. 416), but Cobbett names him Robert ( 630:One of the Irish members, he was fifth son of 2181:Memoirs of the Protectorate House of Cromwell 698:one of the lord commissioners of our Treasury 514:Baron Gilsland and Viscount Howard of Morpeth 512:in 1657 Cromwell bestowed upon him the title 8: 758:commander in chief of our forces in Scotland 1606: 1604: 285:one of the commissioners of our great-seal. 148:took his seat in the Commons as member for 1640:, pp. 431–433); Barons of Exchequer ( 820:chief justice of our court of Common-Pleas 1462:A cobbler by trade before the Civil War. 581:He was the only peer created before the 1924: 1908: 1896: 1848: 1793: 1744: 1714: 1697: 1668: 1600: 1275:Laird of Wareston. One of three Scots. 223: 220: 217: 16:Upper house of UK parliament, 1658–1659 1968:Cobbett, William, ed. (January 1808), 2141:https://doi.org/10.1017/9781787442337 1952: 1940: 1892: 1876: 1864: 1820: 1808: 1778: 1766: 1751: 1734: 1710: 1693: 1676: 1655: 1641: 1637: 1629: 371:He refused to sit in this house with 62:and the selection of members for the 7: 2122:Cokayne, George Edward, ed. (1916), 1832: 994:William, Lord Viscount Saye and Sele 2036:Cokayne, G.E.; et al. (2000), 2031:, The Peerage, p. 2426 § 24260 2028:John Kennedy, 6th Earl of Cassillis 1636:–431); Judges of the Common Bench ( 1617:Craik, MacFarlane & Knight 1856 888:lords commissioners of our Treasury 190:List of those nominated by Cromwell 2300:1650s disestablishments in England 1692:Noble and Cobbett name him David ( 1295:A near relation to the protector. 993: 554:bart, chamberlain of our household 349:Son in-law to the Lord Protector. 14: 2025:Lundy, Darryl (23 January 2011), 1993:, vol. 3, W. and R. Chambers 1973:, vol. 3, London: R. Bagshaw 1399:lieutenant of our Tower of London 447:of Scotland. One of three Scots. 2265:17th-century English parliaments 1709:Noble names the man as Richard ( 718:one of the generals of our fleet 1376:Famous for his leading part in 1150:commissary-general of the horse 799:master of the rolls in Chancery 632:Richard Boyle, 1st Earl of Cork 2270:1658 establishments in England 2135:Fitzgibbons, Jonathan (2018), 2011:, Cambridge University Press, 345:lieutenant-general of our army 325:president of our privy council 64:Second Protectorate Parliament 1: 176:Third Protectorate Parliament 2255:Political history of England 968:comptroller of our household 1482:One of four Welsh members. 972:One of four Welsh members. 585:to sit in the Other House. 464:lord viscount Saye and Sele 376: 69:During the debate over the 2316: 2197:vol. iii. pp. 3 to 9. 2101:The Archaeological Journal 1335:was an alderman of London 781:One of four Welsh members 372: 161:Edward, Earl of Manchester 71:Humble Petition and Advice 60:Rule of the Major-Generals 44:Humble Petition and Advice 23:(also referred to as the 2260:Republicanism in England 2007:Jenkins, Philip (2002), 1955:, p. 415, entry 48. 97:, who at this time were 2190:vol. ii. pp. 84–9. 2065:Royle, Trevor (2006) , 1228:Eldest son and heir of 140:All the peers but one ( 123:Barons of the Exchequer 42:under the terms of the 2275:1659 disestablishments 2235:1787, at pp. 149 2217:— W.D. Pink, Lowton, 1998:Forster, John (1846), 1254:Henry Vane the Younger 207: 167:), but those such as " 73:, the Lord Protector, 35:), established by the 842:chancellor of Ireland 263:our deputy of Ireland 2290:Defunct upper houses 2195:Complete Baronetage, 2175:, July–December 1908 1979:Craik, George Lillie 1823:, pp. 735, 736. 445:Lord Justice General 443:A Scottish earl and 165:Philip, Lord Skipton 146:Sir Arthur Hesilrige 2202:William Arthur Shaw 1983:MacFarlane, Charles 1867:, pp. 743–746. 1644:, pp. 433–435) 672:master of our horse 667:John lord Claypoole 533:lord viscount Lisle 2208:vol. ii. pp.  2206:Knights of England 1268:Archibald Johnston 1252:Brother-in-law to 1098:William Strickland 693:Bulstrode Whitlock 678:Elizabeth Claypole 508:lord visc. Howard. 396:earl of Manchester 93:The Judges of the 2219:Newton-le-Willows 2188:Complete Peerage, 2165:Notes and Queries 2084:Rutt, John Towill 2076:978-0-349-11564-1 2018:978-0-521-52194-9 1580: 1579: 1434:Matthew Tomlinson 1308:Christopher Packe 1287:Richard Ingoldsby 1051:Arthur Hasilrigge 992:Third son of the 923:Walter Strickland 645:William Pierpoint 549:Gilbert Pickering 340:Charles Fleetwood 280:Nathaniel Fiennes 2307: 2176: 2154: 2131: 2111: 2095: 2079: 2061: 2041: 2032: 2021: 2003: 1994: 1974: 1956: 1950: 1944: 1938: 1932: 1922: 1916: 1906: 1900: 1890: 1884: 1874: 1868: 1862: 1856: 1846: 1840: 1830: 1824: 1818: 1812: 1806: 1800: 1791: 1782: 1776: 1770: 1764: 1755: 1749: 1738: 1727: 1718: 1717:, p. 1518). 1707: 1701: 1700:, p. 1581). 1690: 1684: 1665: 1659: 1651: 1645: 1626: 1620: 1608: 1415:George Fleetwood 1327:Robert Tichborne 1200:William Lockhart 1162:Alexander Popham 881:William Sydenham 859:Charles Wolseley 792:William Lenthall 438:earl of Cassilis 417:earl of Mulgrave 238:Richard Cromwell 209: 197:Richard Cromwell 180:Richard Cromwell 2315: 2314: 2310: 2309: 2308: 2306: 2305: 2304: 2295:Oliver Cromwell 2285:1659 in England 2280:1658 in England 2245: 2244: 2162: 2145: 2121: 2118: 2116:Further reading 2098: 2082: 2077: 2064: 2047: 2035: 2024: 2019: 2006: 1997: 1987:Knight, Charles 1977: 1967: 1964: 1959: 1951: 1947: 1939: 1935: 1923: 1919: 1907: 1903: 1891: 1887: 1875: 1871: 1863: 1859: 1847: 1843: 1831: 1827: 1819: 1815: 1807: 1803: 1792: 1785: 1777: 1773: 1765: 1758: 1750: 1746: 1742: 1741: 1737:, p. 426). 1728: 1721: 1708: 1704: 1696:, p. 376; 1691: 1687: 1666: 1662: 1652: 1648: 1627: 1623: 1609: 1602: 1597: 1585: 1551:William Roberts 1244:Thomas Honywood 1220:Richard Hampden 1074:Francis Russell 1029:Gilbert Gerrard 814:Oliver St. John 486:lord Fauconberg 366:Earl of Warwick 192: 75:Oliver Cromwell 56: 40:Oliver Cromwell 17: 12: 11: 5: 2313: 2311: 2303: 2302: 2297: 2292: 2287: 2282: 2277: 2272: 2267: 2262: 2257: 2247: 2246: 2243: 2242: 2241: 2240: 2229: 2222: 2215: 2214: 2213: 2198: 2191: 2160: 2157:Good Old Cause 2143: 2133: 2117: 2114: 2113: 2112: 2096: 2086:, ed. (1828), 2080: 2075: 2062: 2045: 2044: 2043: 2022: 2017: 2004: 1995: 1975: 1963: 1960: 1958: 1957: 1945: 1943:, p. 415. 1933: 1917: 1901: 1885: 1869: 1857: 1841: 1825: 1813: 1811:, p. 735. 1801: 1783: 1781:, p. 733. 1771: 1769:, p. 729. 1756: 1754:, p. 723. 1743: 1740: 1739: 1719: 1702: 1685: 1660: 1646: 1621: 1599: 1598: 1596: 1593: 1592: 1591: 1584: 1581: 1578: 1577: 1575: 1572: 1566: 1563: 1560: 1559: 1557: 1554: 1547: 1544: 1541: 1540: 1538: 1535: 1529: 1526: 1522: 1521: 1519: 1516: 1510: 1507: 1503: 1502: 1500: 1497: 1491: 1488: 1484: 1483: 1480: 1477: 1471: 1468: 1464: 1463: 1460: 1457: 1450: 1447: 1443: 1442: 1440: 1437: 1430: 1427: 1424: 1423: 1421: 1418: 1411: 1408: 1404: 1403: 1401: 1396: 1393:John Barkstead 1389: 1386: 1382: 1381: 1374: 1371: 1364: 1361: 1357: 1356: 1353: 1350: 1344: 1341: 1337: 1336: 1333: 1330: 1323: 1320: 1316: 1315: 1313: 1310: 1304: 1301: 1297: 1296: 1293: 1290: 1284: 1281: 1277: 1276: 1273: 1271: 1264: 1261: 1258: 1257: 1250: 1247: 1240: 1237: 1233: 1232: 1226: 1223: 1217: 1214: 1210: 1209: 1206: 1203: 1196: 1193: 1190: 1189: 1186: 1183: 1177: 1174: 1171: 1170: 1168: 1165: 1159: 1156: 1153: 1152: 1147: 1144:Edward Whalley 1141: 1138: 1134: 1133: 1131: 1128: 1125:Richard Onslow 1121: 1118: 1114: 1113: 1111: 1101: 1094: 1091: 1087: 1086: 1083: 1077: 1070: 1067: 1063: 1062: 1060: 1054: 1047: 1044: 1041: 1040: 1038: 1032: 1025: 1022: 1019: 1018: 1016: 1011: 1004: 1001: 997: 996: 990: 987: 981: 978: 974: 973: 970: 964: 958: 955: 951: 950: 948: 945: 939: 936: 932: 931: 929: 926: 920: 917: 913: 912: 910: 907: 904:Philip Skippon 901: 898: 894: 893: 891: 883: 878: 875: 871: 870: 868: 862: 855: 852: 848: 847: 845: 838: 832: 829: 826: 825: 822: 817: 811: 808: 805: 804: 802: 795: 789: 786: 783: 782: 779: 774: 768: 765: 761: 760: 755: 750: 747: 744: 743: 741: 736: 734:Edward Montagu 731: 728: 724: 723: 720: 715: 710: 707: 703: 702: 700: 695: 689: 686: 682: 681: 674: 669: 664: 661: 657: 656: 654: 648: 642: 639: 636: 635: 628: 621: 616: 613: 609: 608: 606: 599: 594: 591: 587: 586: 579: 571: 566: 563: 559: 558: 556: 551: 545: 542: 538: 537: 535: 530: 525: 522: 518: 517: 510: 505: 500: 497: 493: 492: 489: 482: 477: 474: 470: 469: 467: 460: 455: 452: 449: 448: 441: 434: 429: 426: 423: 422: 420: 413: 408: 405: 402: 401: 399: 392: 387: 384: 381: 380: 369: 362: 357: 354: 351: 350: 347: 342: 337: 334: 330: 329: 327: 322: 320:Henry Lawrence 317: 314: 310: 309: 307: 302: 297: 294: 290: 289: 287: 282: 277: 274: 270: 269: 266: 260: 258:Henry Cromwell 252: 249: 246: 245: 242: 240: 232: 229: 226: 225: 222: 219: 216: 213: 191: 188: 55: 52: 37:Lord Protector 33:House of Lords 29:House of Peers 15: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 2312: 2301: 2298: 2296: 2293: 2291: 2288: 2286: 2283: 2281: 2278: 2276: 2273: 2271: 2268: 2266: 2263: 2261: 2258: 2256: 2253: 2252: 2250: 2238: 2234: 2230: 2227: 2223: 2220: 2216: 2211: 2207: 2203: 2199: 2196: 2192: 2189: 2185: 2184: 2182: 2178: 2177: 2174: 2170: 2166: 2161: 2158: 2153: 2149: 2144: 2142: 2138: 2134: 2129: 2125: 2120: 2119: 2115: 2110: 2106: 2102: 2097: 2093: 2091: 2090:Thomas Burton 2085: 2081: 2078: 2072: 2068: 2063: 2059: 2055: 2050: 2046: 2039: 2034: 2033: 2030: 2029: 2023: 2020: 2014: 2010: 2005: 2001: 1996: 1992: 1988: 1984: 1980: 1976: 1972: 1966: 1965: 1961: 1954: 1949: 1946: 1942: 1937: 1934: 1930: 1926: 1921: 1918: 1914: 1910: 1905: 1902: 1898: 1894: 1889: 1886: 1882: 1878: 1873: 1870: 1866: 1861: 1858: 1854: 1850: 1845: 1842: 1838: 1834: 1829: 1826: 1822: 1817: 1814: 1810: 1805: 1802: 1799: 1795: 1790: 1788: 1784: 1780: 1775: 1772: 1768: 1763: 1761: 1757: 1753: 1748: 1745: 1736: 1732: 1726: 1724: 1720: 1716: 1712: 1706: 1703: 1699: 1695: 1689: 1686: 1682: 1678: 1674: 1670: 1664: 1661: 1657: 1650: 1647: 1643: 1639: 1635: 1631: 1625: 1622: 1618: 1614: 1607: 1605: 1601: 1594: 1590: 1587: 1586: 1582: 1576: 1573: 1570: 1567: 1564: 1562: 1561: 1558: 1555: 1552: 1548: 1545: 1543: 1542: 1539: 1536: 1533: 1532:Thomas Cooper 1530: 1527: 1524: 1523: 1520: 1517: 1514: 1513:William Goffe 1511: 1508: 1505: 1504: 1501: 1498: 1495: 1492: 1489: 1486: 1485: 1481: 1478: 1475: 1474:Edmund Thomas 1472: 1469: 1466: 1465: 1461: 1458: 1455: 1451: 1448: 1445: 1444: 1441: 1438: 1435: 1431: 1428: 1426: 1425: 1422: 1419: 1416: 1412: 1409: 1406: 1405: 1402: 1400: 1397: 1394: 1390: 1387: 1384: 1383: 1379: 1378:Pride's Purge 1375: 1372: 1369: 1365: 1362: 1359: 1358: 1354: 1351: 1348: 1345: 1342: 1339: 1338: 1334: 1331: 1328: 1324: 1321: 1318: 1317: 1314: 1311: 1309: 1305: 1302: 1299: 1298: 1294: 1291: 1288: 1285: 1282: 1279: 1278: 1274: 1272: 1269: 1265: 1262: 1260: 1259: 1255: 1251: 1248: 1245: 1241: 1238: 1235: 1234: 1231: 1227: 1224: 1221: 1218: 1215: 1212: 1211: 1207: 1204: 1201: 1197: 1194: 1192: 1191: 1187: 1184: 1181: 1178: 1175: 1173: 1172: 1169: 1166: 1163: 1160: 1157: 1155: 1154: 1151: 1148: 1145: 1142: 1139: 1136: 1135: 1132: 1129: 1126: 1122: 1119: 1116: 1115: 1112: 1109: 1105: 1102: 1099: 1095: 1092: 1089: 1088: 1084: 1081: 1078: 1075: 1071: 1068: 1065: 1064: 1061: 1058: 1055: 1052: 1048: 1045: 1043: 1042: 1039: 1036: 1033: 1030: 1026: 1023: 1021: 1020: 1017: 1015: 1012: 1009: 1005: 1002: 999: 998: 995: 991: 988: 985: 982: 979: 976: 975: 971: 969: 965: 962: 959: 956: 953: 952: 949: 946: 943: 942:Francis Rouse 940: 937: 934: 933: 930: 927: 924: 921: 918: 915: 914: 911: 908: 905: 902: 899: 896: 895: 892: 890: 889: 884: 882: 879: 876: 873: 872: 869: 866: 863: 860: 856: 853: 850: 849: 846: 844: 843: 839: 836: 835:William Steel 833: 830: 828: 827: 823: 821: 818: 815: 812: 809: 807: 806: 803: 801: 800: 796: 793: 790: 787: 785: 784: 780: 778: 775: 772: 769: 766: 763: 762: 759: 756: 754: 751: 748: 746: 745: 742: 740: 737: 735: 732: 729: 726: 725: 721: 719: 716: 714: 713:John Disbrowe 711: 708: 705: 704: 701: 699: 696: 694: 690: 687: 684: 683: 679: 675: 673: 670: 668: 665: 662: 659: 658: 655: 652: 649: 646: 643: 640: 638: 637: 633: 629: 627: 626: 625:lord Broghill 622: 620: 617: 614: 611: 610: 607: 605: 604: 600: 598: 595: 592: 589: 588: 584: 580: 578: 576: 572: 570: 567: 564: 561: 560: 557: 555: 552: 550: 546: 543: 540: 539: 536: 534: 531: 529: 526: 523: 520: 519: 515: 511: 509: 506: 504: 501: 498: 495: 494: 490: 488: 487: 483: 481: 478: 475: 472: 471: 468: 466: 465: 461: 459: 456: 453: 451: 450: 446: 442: 440: 439: 435: 433: 430: 427: 425: 424: 421: 419: 418: 414: 412: 409: 406: 404: 403: 400: 398: 397: 393: 391: 388: 385: 383: 382: 378: 374: 370: 368: 367: 363: 361: 358: 355: 353: 352: 348: 346: 343: 341: 338: 335: 332: 331: 328: 326: 323: 321: 318: 315: 312: 311: 308: 306: 303: 301: 298: 295: 292: 291: 288: 286: 283: 281: 278: 275: 272: 271: 267: 264: 261: 259: 256: 253: 250: 248: 247: 243: 241: 239: 236: 233: 230: 228: 227: 214: 211: 210: 206: 204: 200: 198: 189: 187: 185: 181: 177: 172: 170: 166: 162: 157: 153: 151: 147: 143: 138: 136: 132: 128: 124: 120: 116: 112: 108: 104: 100: 96: 91: 87: 84: 80: 76: 72: 67: 65: 61: 53: 51: 49: 45: 41: 38: 34: 30: 26: 22: 2236: 2232: 2225: 2205: 2194: 2187: 2180: 2168: 2164: 2147: 2136: 2127: 2124:"Appendix G" 2104: 2100: 2087: 2066: 2052: 2037: 2027: 2008: 1999: 1990: 1969: 1948: 1936: 1920: 1909:Walford 1860 1904: 1899:, p. 76 1897:Cokayne 2000 1888: 1872: 1860: 1849:Forster 1846 1844: 1828: 1816: 1804: 1794:Cobbett 1808 1774: 1747: 1715:Cobbett 1808 1705: 1698:Cobbett 1808 1688: 1669:Cobbett 1808 1663: 1649: 1624: 1398: 1368:Thomas Pride 1230:John Hampden 1149: 984:John Fiennes 967: 961:Philip Jones 885: 840: 819: 797: 776: 757: 738: 717: 697: 671: 623: 603:lord Wharton 601: 573: 553: 532: 507: 484: 462: 436: 415: 394: 364: 344: 324: 304: 284: 262: 254: 234: 202: 201: 196: 194: 173: 169:George Monck 158: 154: 139: 107:Common Bench 92: 88: 68: 57: 48:Protectorate 32: 28: 24: 20: 18: 2233:Respublica, 2152:pp. 483–507 2049:Noble, Mark 1925:Jenkins2002 1879:, pp.  1679:, pp.  1671:, pp.  1632:, pp.  1569:John Clarke 1494:James Berry 1454:John Hewson 1008:John Hobart 886:one of the 753:George Monk 676:Married to 583:Interregnum 95:Upper Bench 79:Naylor case 58:During the 25:Upper House 21:Other House 2249:Categories 2088:Diary, of 2069:, Abacus, 2054:engravings 1962:References 1953:Noble 1787 1941:Noble 1787 1927:, p.  1911:, p.  1893:Lundy 2011 1877:Noble 1787 1865:Royle 2006 1851:, p.  1835:, p.  1821:Royle 2006 1809:Royle 2006 1796:, p.  1779:Royle 2006 1767:Royle 2006 1752:Royle 2006 1735:Noble 1787 1711:Noble 1787 1694:Noble 1787 1677:Noble 1787 1673:1518, 1519 1656:Noble 1787 1642:Noble 1787 1638:Noble 1787 1630:Noble 1787 1347:John Jones 1180:John Crewe 771:John Glynn 575:lord Evres 300:John Lisle 1833:Rutt 1828 577:(or Eure) 224:comments 150:Leicester 142:Lord Eure 105:; of the 103:Newdigate 99:Warburton 83:Thurloe's 2051:(1787), 1989:(1856), 1583:See also 235:The lord 127:Nicholas 2237:et seqq 2109:218–223 1731:Thurloe 503:Charles 458:William 121:; with 119:Wyndham 54:History 2239:. — M. 2073:  2015:  1895:cites 1613:quorum 1106:. and 597:Philip 569:George 528:Philip 480:Thomas 411:Edmund 390:Edward 377:Hewson 360:Robert 221:title 215:order 131:Parker 117:, and 111:Atkins 2210:223–4 1883:–371. 1595:Notes 1014:bart. 966:esq. 619:Roger 373:Pride 218:name 2071:ISBN 2060:–427 2013:ISBN 1798:1519 1675:and 1574:esq. 1556:knt. 1549:Sir 1537:esq. 1518:esq. 1499:esq. 1479:esq. 1459:knt. 1452:Sir 1439:knt. 1432:Sir 1420:knt. 1413:Sir 1391:Sir 1373:knt. 1366:Sir 1352:esq. 1332:knt. 1325:Sir 1312:knt. 1306:Sir 1292:esq. 1266:Sir 1249:knt. 1242:Sir 1225:esq. 1205:knt. 1198:Sir 1185:esq. 1167:esq. 1130:knt. 1123:Sir 1108:bart 1096:Sir 1080:bart 1072:Sir 1057:bart 1049:Sir 1035:bart 1027:Sir 1006:Sir 989:esq. 947:esq. 928:esq. 909:esq. 865:bart 857:Sir 691:Sir 547:Sir 432:John 375:and 255:Lord 212:sig 203:Lett 184:Army 174:The 135:Hill 133:and 115:Hale 101:and 31:and 19:The 2204:'s 2173:112 2058:370 1929:112 1913:222 1881:370 1853:641 1837:527 1681:371 1634:430 1104:knt 651:esq 2251:: 2183:. 2169:10 2167:, 2139:: 2126:, 2107:: 2105:17 2103:, 1985:; 1981:; 1786:^ 1759:^ 1722:^ 1603:^ 1565:63 1546:62 1528:61 1509:60 1490:59 1470:58 1449:57 1429:56 1410:55 1388:54 1363:53 1343:52 1322:51 1303:50 1283:49 1263:48 1256:. 1239:47 1216:46 1195:45 1176:44 1158:43 1140:42 1120:41 1093:40 1069:39 1046:38 1024:37 1003:36 980:35 957:34 938:33 919:32 900:31 877:30 854:29 831:28 810:27 788:26 767:25 749:24 730:23 709:22 688:21 663:20 641:19 634:. 615:18 593:17 565:16 544:15 524:14 516:. 499:13 476:12 454:11 428:10 129:, 125:, 113:, 109:, 50:. 27:, 2221:. 2212:. 2042:. 1931:. 1915:. 1855:. 1839:. 1619:) 1571:, 1553:, 1534:, 1525:§ 1515:, 1506:§ 1496:, 1487:§ 1476:, 1467:§ 1456:, 1446:§ 1436:, 1417:, 1407:§ 1395:, 1385:§ 1370:, 1360:§ 1349:, 1340:§ 1329:, 1319:§ 1300:§ 1289:, 1280:§ 1270:, 1246:, 1236:§ 1222:, 1213:§ 1202:, 1182:, 1164:, 1146:, 1137:§ 1127:, 1117:§ 1110:. 1100:, 1090:§ 1082:. 1076:, 1066:§ 1059:. 1053:, 1037:. 1031:, 1010:, 1000:§ 986:, 977:§ 963:, 954:§ 944:, 935:§ 925:, 916:§ 906:, 897:§ 874:§ 867:. 861:, 851:§ 837:, 816:, 794:, 773:, 764:§ 727:§ 706:§ 685:§ 660:§ 653:. 647:, 612:§ 590:§ 562:§ 541:§ 521:§ 496:§ 473:§ 407:9 386:8 356:7 336:6 333:§ 316:5 313:§ 296:4 293:§ 276:3 273:§ 265:. 251:2 231:1

Index

Lord Protector
Oliver Cromwell
Humble Petition and Advice
Protectorate
Rule of the Major-Generals
Second Protectorate Parliament
Humble Petition and Advice
Oliver Cromwell
Naylor case
Thurloe's
Upper Bench
Warburton
Newdigate
Common Bench
Atkins
Hale
Wyndham
Barons of the Exchequer
Nicholas
Parker
Hill
Lord Eure
Sir Arthur Hesilrige
Leicester
Edward, Earl of Manchester
Philip, Lord Skipton
George Monck
Third Protectorate Parliament
Richard Cromwell
Army

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