420:(NAFTA) has reduced barriers and tariffs, facilitating cross-border trade. Each day 2008, $ 2 billion of cross-border trade was conducted between Canada and the United States alone. Consumers take part in cross-border trading to broaden their product selection, gain access to a larger market place, or take advantage of currency volatility. Online commerce has taken on a more prominent role in recent years and gives consumers a convenient platform for cross-border shopping. However, additional border costs such as
36:
133:
163:, in general, refers to the flow of goods and services across the border between different jurisdictions. In this sense, border trade is a part of the normal trade that flows through the ordinary export/import legal and logistical frameworks of nations and smaller jurisdictions. However border trade specifically refers to the
428:
and shipping are not always disclosed up front or even known to the retailer, leading to a situation where the final cost of an item can greatly exceed expectations. Dedicated cross-border shopping solutions such as Canada Post's
Borderfree program existed to mitigate these problems with varied
391:
Residents of
Switzerland and Liechtenstein who are non-EU residents can purchase many items in nearby Germany from anything from two to seven times the price they would pay for the same products in their own countries. Austria is also somewhat cheaper than Switzerland. Residents of Switzerland
263:. For instance, the excise tax on alcohol is lower in Estonia than in Finland and much lower than in Sweden, thus it is common to buy large volumes of alcohol when returning from Estonia: there are shops in the Tallinn harbour that cater specifically to tourists. In Finland, the best-selling
457:
Although not crossing a national boundary, residents of one state may often travel across a state line in order to shop for a variety of goods. In some cases, a larger city or metro area in one state may draw a population in from another state or people may travel outside of city limits to
379:
province, where citizens occasionally take trips to
Germany and Belgium to buy commodities like: medicinal products, handcrafted furniture, fresh produce, alcoholic beverages or home appliances for lower prices due to the VAT. This is very easy as there are no border controls due to the
167:
in trade in areas where crossing borders is relatively easy and where products are significantly less expensive on one side of the border than the other – often because of significant variations in taxation levels on goods. Common items involved in border trade include
458:
surrounding areas with lower taxes. In other cases, residents may cross boundaries to take advantage of more friendly legislation regarding restricted products, such as alcohol, tobacco, fireworks, firearms, gambling, etc. For example, a New York City resident may engage in
563:, to take advantage of price differences and differing product availability. The Singaporean government has a law that requires a car leaving Singapore to have the fuel tank filled by at least 75 percent, to prevent it from being filled with fuel from outside Singapore.
506:
border towns, it is common for
Chilean residents to go to make purchases in the stores of their neighboring countries, as well as to purchase medical exams and other health services at a lower cost. Notable cases are the commercial relationship between
436:
from Canada and Mexico into the United States can provide a large cost savings for the patient, and is sometimes even facilitated by insurance companies, and the quality of medicine in Canada is comparable to that in the United States
449:, were particularly hard hit. Specific business categories, such as parcel shops, tourism, fuel and dairy incurred severe losses in many border communities; both US–Canada and US–Mexico trade incurred multi-billion dollar impacts.
462:
by purchasing products in a nearby state with lower taxes and re-selling them illegally in New York. Furthermore, states which have legalized recreational marijuana may experience a high-amount of out-of-state customers.
444:
that began in 2020, the US–Canada and US–Mexico borders were closed to non-essential traffic, leaving merchants who normally catered to cross-border shoppers stranded with no access to their customers. Exclaves such as
267:
shop in proportion to local population is on the border to Norway, since even if the alcohol tax is high in
Finland, it is lower than the one in Norway (and was lowered in order to decrease border trade with Estonia).
884:
802:
1078:
991:
706:
870:
341:, these products are a third cheaper than in France. During summer, around 70,000 visitors cross the Spanish border daily to buy such products, occasioning severe traffic jams. Nearby
310:, four hours away from the border, shopped for groceries in Northern Ireland. Petrol is cheaper in the Republic, and groceries, furniture and clothing are cheaper in Northern Ireland.
495:
throughout the entire
Colombian-Venezuelan border space, in addition to some restrictions that have been imposed, such as the closure of the Venezuelan border with Colombia by
788:
774:
333:, perhaps surprisingly, is a common purchase. Similarly, there is an important number of French purchasers buying tobacco and alcohol in Spanish border towns such as
195:
can be worthwhile for an international trip for the same purpose, although baggage restrictions can limit the effective savings to those for small high-value goods.
888:
396:
countries making cross border shopping even more attractive, particularly in
Germany where there is no minimum-purchase requirement for claiming the tax back.
1017:
306:—with lines of traffic four miles long—that the phenomenon became known as the "Newry effect". One in four households in the Republic in counties as far as
742:
816:
1105:
841:
681:
476:
962:
710:
483:
that began in 2013 and worsened in 2017, thousands of
Venezuelan residents began to travel to Colombian border towns to mostly purchase basic
433:
329:
is a trip made specifically, or at least largely, to purchase cheaper alcohol and tobacco, and also goods offering different rates of VAT:
417:
724:
662:
119:
1130:
149:
385:
357:
57:
1079:"Sorprende en Mendoza la cantidad de turistas chilenos que llegaron para Semana Santa: qué productos y servicios buscan más"
472:
100:
586:
199:
53:
72:
916:
1046:
856:
532:
520:
79:
902:
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https://www.borndigital.com/2012/03/02/canada-post-sells-off-cross-border-e-commerce-platform-borderfree-2012-03-02
46:
446:
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820:
1083:
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consisted primarily of
Colombian residents traveling to Venezuelan border towns to purchase fuel derived from
86:
459:
291:
141:
519:. Likewise, despite the ruggedness of the relief when having to cross the Andes mountain range along the
516:
68:
885:"Food crisis feared on Washington peninsula isolated by border as only grocery teeters on closure - OPB"
376:
523:, there is a high flow of trans-Andean buyers, being a notable case that of Chileans near the city of
1047:"AluviĂłn de chilenos en Mendoza: Repletan supermercados y hacen "explotar" el mercado del dĂłlar blue"
939:
621:
992:"Se cumplen siete años del cierre de frontera entre Colombia y Venezuela, asà avanza la reapertura"
480:
287:
203:
760:
636:
524:
381:
789:"EINKAUFSTOURISMUS: Einkäufe im Netz und ennet der Grenze setzen Ostschweizer Gewerbe weiter zu"
429:
success. In the end, caution is necessary to determine the final cost of goods before purchase.
591:
496:
441:
330:
181:
934:
345:, with a low VAT (4%), is also extremely popular with French customers residing in the area.
1174:
917:"You've got mail, overflowing U.S. post office near Canadian border tells Ontario customers"
283:
192:
728:
93:
1179:
1018:"Tacna se encarece para los chilenos y el comercio en riesgo por depreciaciĂłn del peso"
596:
570:
484:
314:
169:
1168:
967:
935:"Miles de venezolanos cruzan la frontera con Colombia para comprar productos básicos"
413:
384:. It is fully legal to buy products for their own need over the border in the EU, if
307:
299:
17:
528:
488:
326:
1051:
548:
353:
260:
137:
35:
1022:
871:"Point Roberts' fire chief warns of 'humanitarian crisis' amid border closure"
334:
185:
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usually qualify for a tax refund on purchases made in all of the surrounding
1158:
601:
574:
560:
544:
492:
425:
349:
272:
132:
857:"US border closure has caused big losses on one side, gains on the other"
707:"Einkaufstourismus ist im Schweizer Detailhandel eine feste Grösse | NZZ"
566:
552:
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and other items that were cheaper to obtain there. However, due to the
453:
Between U.S. states and across city and county boundaries within states
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342:
322:
256:
252:
248:
240:
232:
220:
173:
1106:""Tour de compras": viajan de Punta Arenas a supermercados argentinos"
191:
As well as border trade across land or sea borders, air travel with a
421:
409:
405:
369:
318:
276:
244:
236:
228:
224:
153:
663:"Shop frontiers: the rise of cross-border buying around the world"
556:
527:. More to south, a similar situation occurs between the cities of
512:
508:
503:
338:
303:
145:
622:"Third of Estonia's Alcohol Sales Attributed to Finnish Tourists"
1056:
295:
264:
29:
817:"New Cross-Border Cooperation Will Strengthen Cargo Security"
963:"AsĂ es el contrabando que desangra a Venezuela y Colombia"
775:"Ă„rger mit Einkaufstouristen: Ein politischer Dauerbrenner"
393:
388:
is paid when purchasing, except from some low-VAT areas.
279:, as buying food is cheaper in Poland than in Lithuania.
725:"Thurgau macht Druck gegen den Einkaufstourismus | NZZ"
188:, automotive fuel, groceries, furniture and clothing.
682:"Marijuana For Tourists, Discord for the Netherlands"
487:. This has also brought with it the appearance of a
903:"What border closure means for Ogdensburg business"
60:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
996:Semana.com Ăšltimas Noticias de Colombia y el Mundo
637:"A Northern Ireland Town Is a Shoppers' Paradise"
404:Cross-border shopping between three countries in
348:There is a significant amount of border trade in
219:Typical examples of this are the borders between
156:, where gasoline is significantly more expensive.
1161:- Global Border Shopping information search site
851:
849:
743:"Keine Mauer wider den Einkaufstourismus | NZZ"
375:A more legal example of the Netherlands is the
803:"HSG Startseite | Universität St.Gallen"
8:
148:, caters to border shoppers from across the
573:with the special administrative region of
120:Learn how and when to remove this message
27:Purchasing goods across country's borders
131:
840:Canada Post sold "Borderfree" in 2012:
613:
971:. Elcolombiano.com. 10 September 2015
761:"Einkaufstourismus: Keine Entwarnung"
434:consumer import of prescription drugs
7:
360:, and surrounding countries such as
302:, so many from the Republic visited
58:adding citations to reliable sources
577:, also benefits from border trade.
418:North American Free Trade Agreement
358:where cannabis is essentially legal
1045:Molina J., Tomás (13 April 2023).
25:
680:Rodriguez, Cecilia (2013-09-13).
471:Historically, trade between the
34:
1077:Pablo, Mannino (7 April 2023).
1016:Lu Torres, Ani (19 July 2022).
198:Where border trade is done for
45:needs additional citations for
282:Border trading exists between
271:Border trading exists between
1:
587:Tax avoidance and tax evasion
635:Quinn, Eamon (2008-12-18).
473:Colombian-Venezuelan border
1196:
521:Argentinean-Chilean border
1131:"Three Quarter Tank Rule"
447:Point Roberts, Washington
517:Chilean-Peruvian border
460:illicit cigarette trade
292:Global Financial Crisis
206:of both jurisdictions.
202:, it forms part of the
157:
990:Semana (2022-08-19).
416:has been robust. The
135:
18:Cross-border shopping
1159:Duty Free on Arrival
54:improve this article
791:. 23 November 2017.
569:, on the border of
481:crisis in Venezuela
288:Republic of Ireland
204:underground economy
777:. 6 December 2017.
763:. 22 January 2018.
641:The New York Times
382:Schengen Agreement
182:recreational drugs
158:
1135:Singapore Customs
592:Border checkpoint
442:COVID-19 pandemic
331:laundry detergent
298:rose against the
130:
129:
122:
104:
16:(Redirected from
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905:. 19 March 2020.
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887:. Archived from
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819:. Archived from
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727:. Archived from
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709:. Archived from
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653:
652:
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632:
626:
625:
624:. 22 April 2014.
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499:in August 2015.
284:Northern Ireland
193:low-cost carrier
142:Estcourt Station
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547:also travel to
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485:necessity goods
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1153:External links
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1110:www.24horas.cl
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1069:
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943:. 10 July 2016
940:BBC News Mundo
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894:
891:on 2021-06-24.
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749:on 2017-09-20.
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713:on 2018-01-09.
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669:. 2 July 2015.
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643:. pp. A14
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597:Border control
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497:Nicolás Maduro
477:Venezuelan oil
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315:United Kingdom
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69:"Border trade"
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110:December 2009
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71: –
70:
66:
65:Find sources:
59:
55:
49:
48:
43:This article
41:
37:
32:
31:
19:
1138:. Retrieved
1134:
1125:
1114:. Retrieved
1112:(in Spanish)
1109:
1100:
1088:. Retrieved
1082:
1072:
1060:. Retrieved
1050:
1040:
1028:. Retrieved
1026:. Gestion.pe
1021:
1011:
1000:. Retrieved
998:(in Spanish)
995:
985:
973:. Retrieved
966:
957:
945:. Retrieved
938:
929:
920:
911:
897:
889:the original
879:
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836:
825:. Retrieved
821:the original
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747:the original
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711:the original
701:
689:. Retrieved
685:
675:
667:The Guardian
666:
657:
645:. Retrieved
640:
630:
616:
565:
545:Singaporeans
542:
533:RĂo Gallegos
529:Punta Arenas
501:
489:black market
470:
456:
439:
431:
403:
390:
374:
352:between the
347:
327:booze cruise
313:Between the
312:
281:
270:
251:and between
218:
197:
190:
164:
161:Border trade
160:
159:
116:
107:
97:
90:
83:
76:
64:
52:Please help
47:verification
44:
1052:El Mercurio
691:28 December
549:Johor Bahru
440:During the
354:Netherlands
294:, when the
261:Switzerland
200:tax evasion
186:automobiles
138:gas station
1169:Categories
1116:2023-04-26
1002:2023-04-26
827:2010-03-12
608:References
412:, and the
335:Le Perthus
227:, between
178:medication
80:newspapers
1084:La NaciĂłn
602:Arbitrage
575:Hong Kong
561:Indonesia
515:, on the
493:smuggling
426:brokerage
350:marijuana
273:Lithuania
210:By region
1090:25 April
1062:25 April
1030:25 April
975:25 April
947:25 April
921:CBC News
581:See also
567:Shenzhen
553:Malaysia
286:and the
165:increase
1175:Borders
1023:GestiĂłn
525:Mendoza
504:Chilean
502:In the
377:Limburg
366:Germany
362:Belgium
343:Andorra
323:Belgium
257:Germany
253:Denmark
249:Estonia
241:Finland
233:Denmark
221:Ukraine
174:tobacco
170:alcohol
94:scholar
1140:2 June
686:Forbes
422:duties
410:Mexico
406:Canada
370:France
368:, and
325:, the
319:France
308:Galway
277:Poland
245:Russia
237:Sweden
229:Norway
225:Russia
215:Europe
154:Canada
150:border
96:
89:
82:
75:
67:
1180:Trade
647:5 May
557:Batam
543:Many
513:Tacna
509:Arica
339:Spain
337:. In
304:Newry
152:with
146:Maine
101:JSTOR
87:books
1142:2021
1092:2023
1064:2023
1057:Emol
1032:2023
977:2023
949:2023
693:2015
649:2015
539:Asia
531:and
511:and
491:and
432:The
317:and
296:Euro
275:and
265:Alko
255:and
231:and
223:and
73:news
559:in
555:or
551:in
386:VAT
140:in
56:by
1171::
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1108:.
1081:.
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394:EU
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