818:
1161:
644:
28:
499:
86:
801:(36.7 km/h; 22.8 mph), which all three ships met on their initial speed tests, achieving speeds of 19.8 to 19.86 knots (36.67 to 36.78 km/h; 22.79 to 22.85 mph) from 9,500 to 10,143 ihp (7,084 to 7,564 kW). Coal storage amounted to 800 long tons (810 t), which permitted a cruising radius of 6,000
817:
565:
The next year, a war scare with Italy led to further outcry to strengthen the fleet. To compound matters, the visit of a German squadron of four ironclads to Italy confirmed French concerns of a combined Italo-German fleet that would dramatically outnumber their own. Training exercises held in France
612:
class. Lhomme lengthened the hull by 2.2 m (7 ft 3 in) to add space for additional ammunition storage and widened it by 0.44 m (1 ft 5 in) to improve stability. The longer hull also permitted slightly finer hull lines, and thus greater hydrodynamic efficiency; while the
922:
was intended to contain flooding from damage below the waterline. Below the main deck, a thin splinter deck that was 6 m (20 ft) thick covered the propulsion machinery spaces and ammunition magazines to protect them from shell fragments. The conning towers aboard
1015:. For that purpose, she was fitted with a variety of guns, including one 164.7 mm gun aft, one 138.6 mm (5.46 in) gun in the bow position, two 90 mm guns in the forward pair of sponsons, two 75 mm guns in the aft sponsons, and two 47 mm guns.
872:, which were carried in pivot mounts in the conning towers, one on each side per tower. The guns fired 14 kg (31 lb) cast iron and 16 kg (35 lb) AP shells with a muzzle velocity of 710 to 740 m/s (2,300 to 2,400 ft/s).
566:
that year demonstrated that the slower French fleet would be unable to prevent the faster
Italian squadron from bombarding the French coast at will, in part because it lacked enough cruisers (and doctrine to use them) to scout for the enemy ships.
545:
began to press for a "two-power standard" in 1888, which would see the French fleet enlarged to equal the combined
Italian and German fleets, then France's two main rivals on the continent. This initially came to nothing, as the supporters of the
403:. They were ordered as part of a naval construction program directed at France's rivals, Italy and Germany, particularly after Italy made progress in modernizing its own fleet. The plan was also intended to remedy a deficiency in
754:, and another pair of lights were placed in the hull forward, and two more were placed toward the stern. Their crew varied over the course of their careers and ranged from 370 to 392 officers and enlisted men.
805:(11,000 km; 6,900 mi) at 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph) and 1,000 nmi (1,900 km; 1,200 mi) at 20 knots according to a contemporary report from the United States'
573:
authorized a new construction program directed not at simple parity with the
Italian and German fleets, but numerical superiority. In addition to twenty-four new battleships, a total of seventy
852:, two were in sponsons abreast the forward conning tower, another pair was in sponsons further aft, and the last gun was on the stern. The guns fired a variety of shells, including solid
910:
that was 30 mm (1.2 in) thick on the flat portion, increasing to 80 mm (3.1 in) on the sides that sloped down to the side of the hull. The deck consisted of extra
726:
shape, which were common characteristics of major French warships of the period. The ram bow was not reinforced to permit it to actually be used to ram enemy vessels. They had a
2213:
2102:
959:, the light armament was revised to six 47 mm guns, and a third 37 mm QF gun was added and by 1902, the Hotchkiss revolvers were removed from both vessels. For
541:—into a fast squadron suitable for offensive operations. These developments provoked a strong response in the French press. The Budget Committee in the French
1318:
992:
s armament had been reduced to just two of her 164.7 mm guns. The following year, she had four 90 mm (3.5 in) M1877 guns added. Also in 1918,
475:
2428:
1325:
was partially disarmed after World War I and was converted into a gunnery training ship, though she was struck from the register in 1924 and sold for
996:
had her armament reduced to two 164.7 mm guns, four 75 mm (3 in) M1897 guns in her sponsons, and four 47 mm guns. In 1919, two of
3138:
3133:
2206:
2744:
2730:
2293:
2286:
2095:
2598:
2071:
2050:
2028:
1967:
1948:
1866:
1801:
1321:
in 1919 but was recalled to France in 1920, where she was struck from the naval register in 1921 and sold to ship breakers. In the meantime,
809:, though the modern historian Stephen Roberts credits the ships with a range of 6,350 nmi (11,760 km; 7,310 mi) at ten knots.
2222:
2180:
1194:. During this period, they were occupied with routine peacetime training exercises with the rest of the main French fleets in home waters.
2958:
3118:
562:
to defend the French coasts rather than an expensive fleet of ironclads. This view had significant support in the
Chamber of Deputies.
2930:
2495:
2199:
2993:
2923:
2868:
1070:
423:(37 km/h; 23 mph). A fourth ship, designated "G3" in the 1894 budget, was authorized but was canceled the following year.
71:
2716:
2272:
2088:
570:
1301:
bombarded local villages in
Morocco to suppress challenges to French colonial rule. The ship was later transferred to the western
3014:
2972:
2909:
2667:
2250:
1747:
1239:
2937:
2577:
1179:
427:
3128:
3069:
2764:
2421:
2626:
2523:
869:
833:
822:
309:
303:
2979:
2861:
2737:
2723:
2633:
2392:
2279:
758:
250:
3021:
2584:
2509:
806:
542:
2640:
659:
419:
of six 164 mm (6.5 in) guns supported by four 100 mm (3.9 in) guns and they had a top speed of 20
2944:
2530:
947:
The ships underwent a series of changes to their armament over the course of their careers. In 1898, around the time
963:, another three 37 mm guns had been added in 1901, but she retained her revolver cannon until 1906. That year,
3049:
3000:
2882:
2798:
2647:
2557:
2487:
2468:
2965:
2833:
2819:
2805:
2791:
2516:
2461:
2414:
2125:
1049:
935:
received 80 mm plating for her tower. The main and secondary guns were fitted with 54 mm (2.1 in)
884:
683:
386:
327:
3123:
3035:
2986:
2951:
2916:
2847:
2840:
2812:
2784:
2502:
2454:
2139:
1859:
Naval
Weapons of World War One: Guns, Torpedoes, Mines and ASW Weapons of All Nations; An Illustrated Directory
1117:
398:
3028:
3007:
2702:
2537:
2333:
2257:
2155:
101:
605:
3042:
2854:
2591:
2132:
1083:
876:
844:, which received six earlier M1887 pattern guns of the same bore diameter. They were placed in individual
578:
412:
392:
315:
746:
forward and a smaller, secondary conning tower aft. The ships were fitted with a pair of pole masts with
2889:
2826:
2612:
2605:
2475:
2349:
2318:
2311:
2164:
786:
622:
535:
529:
503:
114:
914:, and was layered on top of 20 mm (0.79 in) of hull plating. Above the deck at the sides, a
643:
27:
2695:
2688:
2681:
2674:
2619:
2384:
2376:
2368:
2325:
2265:
1206:
1104:
880:
857:
628:
586:
321:
66:
2875:
2243:
2236:
1160:
837:
688:
498:
2549:
1231:
956:
865:
703:), while the other two vessels displaced 3,957.1 t (3,894.6 long tons; 4,362.0 short tons).
2659:
2067:
2046:
2024:
2007:
1999:
1986:
1978:
1963:
1944:
1914:
1889:
1862:
1842:
1821:
1797:
1776:
1759:
1735:
1302:
778:
743:
715:
378:
224:
164:
1297:
was also assigned to patrol duty in the
Atlantic, but she, too, saw no action. In September,
524:(Royal Navy) accelerated construction of ships for its fleet and reorganized the most modern
3061:
2061:
1790:
1199:
555:
525:
435:
2406:
1011:
was rearmed a final time after the war in 1921, by which time she was serving as a gunnery
2569:
1854:
1203:
1191:
861:
762:
667:
621:
type, they still failed to match the top speed of the progenitor of their design lineage,
459:
256:
777:
received 3-cylinder engines. Steam was provided by twenty coal-burning
Lagrafel d'Allest
1926:
Glennon, J. H., ed. (1894). "The
Decennial Programme for Naval Construction in France".
887:, all in individual mounts. The ships were also armed with two 356 mm (14 in)
1811:
1275:
1235:
735:
682:
of 5.8 m (19 ft), which increased to 6.25 m (20 ft 6 in) aft.
663:
549:
443:
195:
36:
1202:
in East Asia, and in 1905, she assisted with the unsuccessful attempt to re-float the
864:
ranged from 770 to 880 m/s (2,500 to 2,900 ft/s). These were supported by a
3112:
2756:
2038:
1279:
1263:
1220:
1076:
1012:
802:
782:
739:
467:
353:
281:
1815:
678:
extended to a beam of 14.3 m (46 ft 11 in). The ships had an average
888:
747:
679:
675:
585:
class were ordered to as part of the program, and were very similar to the earlier
559:
519:
479:
416:
333:
2080:
2060:
Smigielski, Adam (1985). "France". In
Gardiner, Robert & Gray, Randal (eds.).
1841:. Washington, D.C.: United States Office of Naval Intelligence: 27–41. July 1896.
985:
so the guns could be used in other vessels or ashore by the French Army. By 1917,
1902:
1877:
1751:
454:
was discarded in 1914, but the other two members of the class saw service during
2443:
1314:
1267:
1212:
982:
907:
845:
826:
798:
751:
708:
707:
suffered from stability problems and reportedly sat lower in the water than her
455:
420:
382:
347:
269:
91:
2191:
2446:
1918:
1893:
1149:
Included in the 1894 budget but not ordered, ultimately deferred indefinitely
936:
911:
849:
790:
727:
723:
359:
230:
2011:
1990:
1846:
1825:
1780:
1763:
1739:
2901:
2776:
1682:
1680:
1251:
1110:
919:
915:
892:
853:
719:
700:
632:
407:
that had been revealed during training exercises in the 1880s. As such, the
183:
794:
696:
234:
179:
757:
The ships' propulsion system consisted of a pair of 4-cylinder vertical
569:
To correct the weaknesses of the French fleet, on 22 November 1890, the
1306:
671:
627:. The larger hull also provided for better ammunition feeding from the
574:
404:
284:(11,000 km; 6,900 mi) at 10 knots (19 km/h; 12 mph)
1290:
411:-class cruisers were intended to operate as fleet scouts and in the
903:
lists the diameter of the torpedoes as 450 mm (17.7 in).
434:
was later transferred to the Northern Squadron in 1901 and then to
1326:
1159:
816:
731:
692:
642:
497:
487:
175:
2043:
The Development of a Modern Navy: French Naval Policy, 1871–1904
1788:
Campbell, N. J. M. (1979). "France". In Gardiner, Robert (ed.).
1309:, along with a deployment to the Indian Ocean in 1917. By 1918,
875:
For close-range defense against torpedo boats, they carried ten
2410:
2195:
2084:
1817:
Naval Operations: To the Battle of the Falklands, December 1914
1771:
Burgoyne, Alan H. (ed.). "The Dual Alliance: The French Navy".
931:
had 60 mm (2.4 in) thick plating on the sides, while
486:
lingered on in service until 1924, when she, too, was sold for
750:
for observation and signaling purposes. The masts each held a
462:. Both ships were partially disarmed late in the conflict and
1246:
was reactivated in 1908 for a deployment to French Morocco.
1190:
had been transferred to the Northern Squadron, based in the
577:
were to be built for use in home waters and overseas in the
658:-class cruisers were 99.25 m (325 ft 7 in)
1544:
1542:
1540:
1538:
1289:
initially operated out of Morocco, patrolling for German
1667:
1665:
1182:
after entering service in 1898, and they were joined by
877:
47 mm (1.9 in) M1885 3-pounder Hotchkiss guns
789:
amidships. Their machinery was rated to produce 10,000
2066:. Annapolis: Naval Institute Press. pp. 190–220.
1458:
1456:
1258:, but the project was deemed to be too expensive, and
1686:
1620:
1572:
1454:
1452:
1450:
1448:
1446:
1444:
1442:
1440:
1438:
1436:
1423:
1421:
1362:
had 60 mm (2.4 in) on their conning towers.
1313:
had been partially disarmed to supply weapons to the
1477:
1475:
1473:
1471:
1396:
1394:
1392:
1390:
1388:
1386:
1384:
1382:
1380:
1378:
1250:
returned home that year to be converted into a fast
895:
according to the naval historian Stephen Roberts in
3060:
2900:
2775:
2755:
2658:
2568:
2548:
2486:
2442:
2361:
2304:
2229:
1796:. London: Conway Maritime Press. pp. 283–333.
1789:
2063:Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1906–1921
1913:(360). London: J. J. Keliher & Co.: 257–260.
1888:(316). London: J. J. Keliher & Co.: 707–711.
1820:. Vol. I. London: Longmans, Green & Co.
1792:Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships 1860–1905
670:of 13.68 m (44 ft 11 in), but the
474:remained in active service. She took part in the
39:tilted in opposite directions, a sign of mourning
1998:Leyland, John (1902). Brassey, Thomas A. (ed.).
1977:Leyland, John (1899). Brassey, Thomas A. (ed.).
1928:Proceedings of the United States Naval Institute
1728:Proceedings of the United States Naval Institute
832:The ships were armed with a main battery of six
1934:(4). Annapolis: Naval Institute Press: 832–838.
1907:Journal of the Royal United Service Institution
1882:Journal of the Royal United Service Institution
1726:Alger, Philip R. (1905). "Professional Notes".
458:, primarily patrolling the Atlantic for German
1198:was deployed to the cruiser squadron based in
2422:
2207:
2096:
2021:French Warships in the Age of Steam 1859–1914
2006:. Portsmouth: J. Griffin & Co.: 119–129.
1985:. Portsmouth: J. Griffin & Co.: 210–218.
1958:Jordan, John & Caresse, Philippe (2019).
1939:Jordan, John & Caresse, Philippe (2017).
906:Armor protection consisted of a curved armor
881:37 mm (1.5 in) M1885 1-pounder guns
554:doctrine called for a fleet largely based on
517:
8:
1319:Allied intervention in the Russian Civil War
1285:At the start of World War I in August 1914,
1136:
1102:
1068:
823:164.7 mm (6.48 in) Modèle 1893 gun
547:
476:Allied intervention in the Russian Civil War
1758:. Portsmouth: J. Griffin & Co.: 70–80.
2429:
2415:
2407:
2214:
2200:
2192:
2103:
2089:
2081:
1022:
870:100 mm (3.9 in) Modèle 1891 guns
662:and 99.65 m (326 ft 11 in)
18:Protected cruiser class of the French Navy
860:(AP) and semi-armor-piercing shells. The
385:built in the early 1890s; the ships were
2437:French naval ship classes of World War I
1644:
1608:
1596:
1584:
981:both lost much of their weaponry during
834:164.7 mm (6.48 in) Modèle 1893
1374:
1343:
901:Conway's All the World's Fighting Ships
350:: 30 to 80 mm (1.2 to 3.1 in)
1710:
1671:
1003:s 47 mm guns were transferred to
194:99.65 m (326 ft 11 in)
22:
639:General characteristics and machinery
450:joined her there the following year.
426:All three ships began service in the
7:
2181:List of protected cruisers of France
2045:. Annapolis: Naval Institute Press.
1943:. Annapolis: Naval Institute Press.
1861:. Annapolis: Naval Institute Press.
1656:
1529:
1517:
1462:
617:class were faster than those of the
205:13.68 m (44 ft 11 in)
2041:(1987). Roberts, Stephen S. (ed.).
1941:French Battleships of World War One
1698:
1560:
1548:
1493:
1481:
1400:
897:French Warships in the Age of Steam
508:, which provided the basis for the
442:supported an amphibious landing in
1960:French Armoured Cruisers 1887–1932
1901:Garbett, H., ed. (February 1908).
1835:Notes on the Year's Naval Progress
1775:. London: The Navy League: 51–59.
1505:
14:
1962:. Barnsley: Seaforth Publishing.
1773:The Navy League Annual, 1908–1909
1632:
1270:for waste oil from 1910 to 1913.
1071:Ateliers et Chantiers de la Loire
72:Ateliers et Chantiers de la Loire
2000:"Chapter VI: Foreign Manoeuvres"
1752:"Chapter III: Relative Strength"
1427:
1412:
825:converted for use ashore during
84:
26:
3139:Ship classes of the French Navy
516:In the late 1880s, the Italian
3134:World War I cruisers of France
1979:"Chapter IX: Naval Manoeuvres"
1876:Garbett, H., ed. (June 1904).
1278:in 1914; she was then sold to
1266:and briefly used as a storage
759:triple-expansion steam engines
608:, who based in on the earlier
415:. The ships were armed with a
310:100 mm (3.9 in) guns
304:164 mm (6.5 in) guns
251:triple-expansion steam engines
1:
1186:the following year. In 1901,
478:in 1919 before being sold to
332:2 Ă— 356 mm (14 in)
322:37 mm (1.5 in) guns
316:47 mm (1.9 in) guns
2223:Protected cruisers of France
967:lost her torpedo tubes, and
807:Office of Naval Intelligence
781:that were ducted into three
2488:Pre-dreadnought battleships
856:projectiles, and explosive
660:long between perpendiculars
272:(37 km/h; 23 mph)
3155:
1178:initially served with the
971:had hers removed in 1908.
797:) for a top speed of 19.8
430:in the late 1890s, though
362:: 54 mm (2.1 in)
3080:
2176:
2150:
2121:
2019:Roberts, Stephen (2021).
1687:Jordan & Caresse 2019
1621:Jordan & Caresse 2019
1573:Jordan & Caresse 2017
1240:Bombardment of Casablanca
1148:
1145:
1116:
1082:
1048:
1043:
1040:
1037:
1034:
1031:
1028:
885:Hotchkiss revolver cannon
328:Hotchkiss revolver cannon
155:
44:
25:
1812:Corbett, Julian Stafford
891:in their hull above the
174:3,944.6 to 3,957.1
3093:Completed after the war
1317:. She took part in the
883:, and three 37 mm
213:5.8 m (19 ft)
156:General characteristics
3119:D'Assas-class cruisers
2023:. Barnsley: Seaforth.
1262:was instead placed in
1180:Mediterranean Squadron
1168:
1137:
1103:
1069:
829:
718:featured a pronounced
651:
650:steaming at high speed
604:class was prepared by
579:French colonial empire
548:
518:
513:
428:Mediterranean Squadron
413:French colonial empire
3129:Ships built in France
2746:Jurien de la Gravière
2295:Jurien de la Gravière
1903:"Naval Notes: France"
1878:"Naval Notes: France"
1163:
820:
646:
606:Delphin Albert Lhomme
501:
182:; 4,348.2 to 4,362.0
3087:Single ship of class
1689:, pp. 219, 227.
1274:was struck from the
1219:had been reduced to
1138:Arsenal de Cherbourg
1105:Arsenal de Cherbourg
955:were placed in full
791:indicated horsepower
738:consisted of a main
526:ironclad battleships
502:The earlier cruiser
178:(3,882.3 to 3,894.6
67:Arsenal de Cherbourg
2550:Coast defense ships
1713:, pp. 193–194.
1623:, pp. 132–133.
1611:, pp. 708–709.
1599:, pp. 119–125.
1587:, pp. 210–212.
1551:, pp. 244–245.
1430:, pp. 195–197.
1025:
600:The design for the
543:Chamber of Deputies
2660:Protected cruisers
2362:3rd class cruisers
2305:2nd class cruisers
2230:1st class cruisers
1748:Brassey, Thomas A.
1232:amphibious assault
1169:
1024:Construction data
1023:
830:
813:Armament and armor
779:water-tube boilers
652:
514:
379:protected cruisers
225:water-tube boilers
3106:
3105:
3062:Seaplane carriers
2570:Armoured cruisers
2404:
2403:
2189:
2188:
2073:978-0-87021-907-8
2052:978-0-87021-141-6
2030:978-1-5267-4533-0
1969:978-1-5267-4118-9
1950:978-1-59114-639-1
1868:978-1-84832-100-7
1803:978-0-85177-133-5
1153:
1152:
1130:10 November 1895
1056:15 November 1893
866:secondary battery
848:; one was on the
466:became a gunnery
368:
367:
165:Protected cruiser
111:Succeeded by
3146:
2870:Enseigne Gabolde
2766:La Motte-Picquet
2431:
2424:
2417:
2408:
2216:
2209:
2202:
2193:
2105:
2098:
2091:
2082:
2077:
2056:
2034:
2015:
2004:The Naval Annual
1994:
1983:The Naval Annual
1973:
1954:
1935:
1922:
1897:
1872:
1855:Friedman, Norman
1850:
1829:
1807:
1795:
1784:
1767:
1756:The Naval Annual
1743:
1714:
1708:
1702:
1696:
1690:
1684:
1675:
1669:
1660:
1654:
1648:
1642:
1636:
1630:
1624:
1618:
1612:
1606:
1600:
1594:
1588:
1582:
1576:
1570:
1564:
1558:
1552:
1546:
1533:
1527:
1521:
1515:
1509:
1503:
1497:
1491:
1485:
1479:
1466:
1460:
1431:
1425:
1416:
1410:
1404:
1398:
1363:
1348:
1226:In August 1907,
1215:. By that time,
1200:French Indochina
1140:
1108:
1093:22 October 1894
1090:17 October 1893
1074:
1026:
1002:
991:
763:screw propellers
571:Superior Council
553:
523:
460:commerce raiders
436:French Indochina
377:comprised three
257:screw propellers
90:
88:
87:
30:
23:
3154:
3153:
3149:
3148:
3147:
3145:
3144:
3143:
3124:Cruiser classes
3109:
3108:
3107:
3102:
3076:
3056:
2974:Amiral Bourgois
2896:
2771:
2751:
2718:D'Entrecasteaux
2654:
2564:
2544:
2482:
2438:
2435:
2405:
2400:
2357:
2300:
2274:D'Entrecasteaux
2225:
2220:
2190:
2185:
2172:
2146:
2117:
2115:-class cruisers
2109:
2074:
2059:
2053:
2037:
2031:
2018:
1997:
1976:
1970:
1957:
1951:
1938:
1925:
1900:
1875:
1869:
1853:
1832:
1810:
1804:
1787:
1770:
1746:
1725:
1722:
1717:
1709:
1705:
1697:
1693:
1685:
1678:
1670:
1663:
1655:
1651:
1643:
1639:
1631:
1627:
1619:
1615:
1607:
1603:
1595:
1591:
1583:
1579:
1571:
1567:
1559:
1555:
1547:
1536:
1528:
1524:
1516:
1512:
1504:
1500:
1492:
1488:
1480:
1469:
1461:
1434:
1426:
1419:
1411:
1407:
1399:
1376:
1372:
1367:
1366:
1349:
1345:
1340:
1335:
1204:armored cruiser
1192:English Channel
1158:
1156:Service history
1021:
1000:
989:
945:
862:muzzle velocity
815:
641:
598:
590:-class cruisers
496:
482:in 1920, while
326:3 Ă— 37 mm
218:Installed power
85:
83:
40:
19:
12:
11:
5:
3152:
3150:
3142:
3141:
3136:
3131:
3126:
3121:
3111:
3110:
3104:
3103:
3101:
3100:
3097:
3094:
3091:
3088:
3085:
3081:
3078:
3077:
3075:
3074:
3066:
3064:
3058:
3057:
3055:
3054:
3047:
3040:
3033:
3026:
3019:
3012:
3005:
2998:
2991:
2984:
2977:
2970:
2963:
2956:
2949:
2942:
2935:
2928:
2921:
2914:
2906:
2904:
2898:
2897:
2895:
2894:
2887:
2880:
2873:
2866:
2859:
2852:
2845:
2838:
2831:
2824:
2817:
2810:
2803:
2796:
2789:
2781:
2779:
2773:
2772:
2770:
2769:
2761:
2759:
2757:Light cruisers
2753:
2752:
2750:
2749:
2742:
2735:
2732:Châteaurenault
2728:
2721:
2714:
2707:
2700:
2693:
2686:
2679:
2672:
2669:Amiral CĂ©cille
2664:
2662:
2656:
2655:
2653:
2652:
2645:
2638:
2635:Jules Michelet
2631:
2624:
2617:
2610:
2603:
2596:
2589:
2586:Amiral Charner
2582:
2574:
2572:
2566:
2565:
2563:
2562:
2554:
2552:
2546:
2545:
2543:
2542:
2535:
2528:
2521:
2514:
2507:
2500:
2492:
2490:
2484:
2483:
2481:
2480:
2473:
2466:
2459:
2451:
2449:
2440:
2439:
2436:
2434:
2433:
2426:
2419:
2411:
2402:
2401:
2399:
2398:
2390:
2382:
2374:
2365:
2363:
2359:
2358:
2356:
2355:
2347:
2339:
2331:
2323:
2316:
2308:
2306:
2302:
2301:
2299:
2298:
2291:
2288:Châteaurenault
2284:
2277:
2270:
2263:
2255:
2252:Amiral CĂ©cille
2248:
2241:
2233:
2231:
2227:
2226:
2221:
2219:
2218:
2211:
2204:
2196:
2187:
2186:
2184:
2183:
2177:
2174:
2173:
2171:
2170:
2161:
2151:
2148:
2147:
2145:
2144:
2137:
2130:
2122:
2119:
2118:
2110:
2108:
2107:
2100:
2093:
2085:
2079:
2078:
2072:
2057:
2051:
2039:Ropp, Theodore
2035:
2029:
2016:
1995:
1974:
1968:
1955:
1949:
1936:
1923:
1898:
1873:
1867:
1851:
1830:
1808:
1802:
1785:
1768:
1744:
1721:
1718:
1716:
1715:
1703:
1701:, p. 276.
1691:
1676:
1674:, p. 193.
1661:
1649:
1647:, p. 257.
1637:
1635:, p. 705.
1625:
1613:
1601:
1589:
1577:
1575:, p. 218.
1565:
1553:
1534:
1532:, p. 225.
1522:
1520:, p. 221.
1510:
1498:
1496:, p. 835.
1486:
1484:, p. 243.
1467:
1465:, p. 311.
1432:
1417:
1415:, p. 195.
1405:
1403:, p. 244.
1373:
1371:
1368:
1365:
1364:
1342:
1341:
1339:
1336:
1334:
1331:
1276:naval register
1236:French Morocco
1167:, date unknown
1157:
1154:
1151:
1150:
1147:
1143:
1142:
1134:
1131:
1128:
1127:23 March 1894
1125:
1124:18 March 1894
1122:
1114:
1113:
1100:
1097:
1094:
1091:
1088:
1080:
1079:
1066:
1065:24 March 1897
1063:
1062:28 March 1896
1060:
1057:
1054:
1046:
1045:
1042:
1039:
1036:
1033:
1030:
1020:
1017:
1013:training ships
944:
941:
858:armor-piercing
814:
811:
803:nautical miles
736:superstructure
730:with a sloped
640:
637:
597:
594:
495:
492:
444:French Morocco
366:
365:
364:
363:
357:
351:
343:
339:
338:
337:
336:
330:
324:
318:
312:
306:
298:
294:
293:
290:
286:
285:
278:
274:
273:
266:
262:
261:
260:
259:
253:
245:
241:
240:
239:
238:
227:
219:
215:
214:
211:
207:
206:
203:
199:
198:
192:
188:
187:
172:
168:
167:
162:
158:
157:
153:
152:
149:
145:
144:
141:
137:
136:
133:
129:
128:
125:
121:
120:
112:
108:
107:
99:
95:
94:
81:
77:
76:
75:
74:
69:
62:
58:
57:
51:
47:
46:
45:Class overview
42:
41:
31:
17:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3151:
3140:
3137:
3135:
3132:
3130:
3127:
3125:
3122:
3120:
3117:
3116:
3114:
3098:
3095:
3092:
3089:
3086:
3083:
3082:
3079:
3073:
3072:
3068:
3067:
3065:
3063:
3059:
3053:
3052:
3048:
3046:
3045:
3041:
3039:
3038:
3034:
3032:
3031:
3027:
3025:
3024:
3020:
3018:
3017:
3016:Dupuy de LĂ´me
3013:
3011:
3010:
3006:
3004:
3003:
2999:
2997:
2996:
2992:
2990:
2989:
2985:
2983:
2982:
2978:
2976:
2975:
2971:
2969:
2968:
2964:
2962:
2961:
2957:
2955:
2954:
2950:
2948:
2947:
2943:
2941:
2940:
2936:
2934:
2933:
2929:
2927:
2926:
2922:
2920:
2919:
2915:
2913:
2912:
2908:
2907:
2905:
2903:
2899:
2893:
2892:
2888:
2886:
2885:
2881:
2879:
2878:
2874:
2872:
2871:
2867:
2865:
2864:
2863:Enseigne Roux
2860:
2858:
2857:
2853:
2851:
2850:
2846:
2844:
2843:
2839:
2837:
2836:
2832:
2830:
2829:
2825:
2823:
2822:
2818:
2816:
2815:
2811:
2809:
2808:
2804:
2802:
2801:
2797:
2795:
2794:
2790:
2788:
2787:
2783:
2782:
2780:
2778:
2774:
2768:
2767:
2763:
2762:
2760:
2758:
2754:
2748:
2747:
2743:
2741:
2740:
2736:
2734:
2733:
2729:
2727:
2726:
2722:
2720:
2719:
2715:
2713:
2712:
2708:
2706:
2705:
2701:
2699:
2698:
2694:
2692:
2691:
2687:
2685:
2684:
2680:
2678:
2677:
2673:
2671:
2670:
2666:
2665:
2663:
2661:
2657:
2651:
2650:
2646:
2644:
2643:
2639:
2637:
2636:
2632:
2630:
2629:
2628:LĂ©on Gambetta
2625:
2623:
2622:
2618:
2616:
2615:
2611:
2609:
2608:
2604:
2602:
2601:
2597:
2595:
2594:
2590:
2588:
2587:
2583:
2581:
2580:
2579:Dupuy de LĂ´me
2576:
2575:
2573:
2571:
2567:
2561:
2560:
2556:
2555:
2553:
2551:
2547:
2541:
2540:
2536:
2534:
2533:
2529:
2527:
2526:
2522:
2520:
2519:
2515:
2513:
2512:
2508:
2506:
2505:
2501:
2499:
2498:
2497:Jauréguiberry
2494:
2493:
2491:
2489:
2485:
2479:
2478:
2474:
2472:
2471:
2467:
2465:
2464:
2460:
2458:
2457:
2453:
2452:
2450:
2448:
2445:
2441:
2432:
2427:
2425:
2420:
2418:
2413:
2412:
2409:
2397:
2395:
2391:
2389:
2387:
2383:
2381:
2379:
2375:
2373:
2371:
2367:
2366:
2364:
2360:
2354:
2352:
2348:
2346:
2344:
2340:
2338:
2336:
2332:
2330:
2328:
2324:
2322:
2321:
2317:
2315:
2314:
2310:
2309:
2307:
2303:
2297:
2296:
2292:
2290:
2289:
2285:
2283:
2282:
2278:
2276:
2275:
2271:
2269:
2268:
2264:
2262:
2260:
2256:
2254:
2253:
2249:
2247:
2246:
2242:
2240:
2239:
2235:
2234:
2232:
2228:
2224:
2217:
2212:
2210:
2205:
2203:
2198:
2197:
2194:
2182:
2179:
2178:
2175:
2169:
2167:
2163:Followed by:
2162:
2160:
2158:
2154:Preceded by:
2153:
2152:
2149:
2143:
2142:
2138:
2136:
2135:
2131:
2129:
2128:
2124:
2123:
2120:
2116:
2114:
2106:
2101:
2099:
2094:
2092:
2087:
2086:
2083:
2075:
2069:
2065:
2064:
2058:
2054:
2048:
2044:
2040:
2036:
2032:
2026:
2022:
2017:
2013:
2009:
2005:
2001:
1996:
1992:
1988:
1984:
1980:
1975:
1971:
1965:
1961:
1956:
1952:
1946:
1942:
1937:
1933:
1929:
1924:
1920:
1916:
1912:
1908:
1904:
1899:
1895:
1891:
1887:
1883:
1879:
1874:
1870:
1864:
1860:
1856:
1852:
1848:
1844:
1840:
1836:
1831:
1827:
1823:
1819:
1818:
1813:
1809:
1805:
1799:
1794:
1793:
1786:
1782:
1778:
1774:
1769:
1765:
1761:
1757:
1753:
1749:
1745:
1741:
1737:
1733:
1729:
1724:
1723:
1719:
1712:
1707:
1704:
1700:
1695:
1692:
1688:
1683:
1681:
1677:
1673:
1668:
1666:
1662:
1659:, p. 58.
1658:
1653:
1650:
1646:
1641:
1638:
1634:
1629:
1626:
1622:
1617:
1614:
1610:
1605:
1602:
1598:
1593:
1590:
1586:
1581:
1578:
1574:
1569:
1566:
1563:, p. 71.
1562:
1557:
1554:
1550:
1545:
1543:
1541:
1539:
1535:
1531:
1526:
1523:
1519:
1514:
1511:
1508:, p. 32.
1507:
1502:
1499:
1495:
1490:
1487:
1483:
1478:
1476:
1474:
1472:
1468:
1464:
1459:
1457:
1455:
1453:
1451:
1449:
1447:
1445:
1443:
1441:
1439:
1437:
1433:
1429:
1424:
1422:
1418:
1414:
1409:
1406:
1402:
1397:
1395:
1393:
1391:
1389:
1387:
1385:
1383:
1381:
1379:
1375:
1369:
1361:
1357:
1353:
1347:
1344:
1337:
1332:
1330:
1328:
1324:
1320:
1316:
1312:
1308:
1304:
1303:Mediterranean
1300:
1296:
1292:
1288:
1283:
1281:
1280:ship breakers
1277:
1273:
1269:
1265:
1261:
1257:
1254:, along with
1253:
1249:
1245:
1241:
1237:
1233:
1230:supported an
1229:
1224:
1222:
1218:
1214:
1210:
1209:
1205:
1201:
1197:
1193:
1189:
1185:
1181:
1177:
1173:
1166:
1162:
1155:
1144:
1139:
1135:
1133:15 July 1897
1132:
1129:
1126:
1123:
1121:
1120:
1115:
1112:
1107:
1106:
1101:
1099:21 June 1897
1098:
1095:
1092:
1089:
1087:
1086:
1081:
1078:
1077:Saint-Nazaire
1073:
1072:
1067:
1064:
1061:
1059:1 April 1894
1058:
1055:
1053:
1052:
1047:
1041:Commissioned
1027:
1018:
1016:
1014:
1010:
1006:
999:
995:
988:
984:
980:
976:
972:
970:
966:
962:
958:
954:
950:
943:Modifications
942:
940:
938:
934:
930:
926:
921:
917:
913:
909:
904:
902:
898:
894:
890:
889:torpedo tubes
886:
882:
878:
873:
871:
867:
863:
859:
855:
851:
847:
843:
840:guns, except
839:
835:
828:
824:
819:
812:
810:
808:
804:
800:
796:
792:
788:
784:
780:
776:
772:
768:
764:
760:
755:
753:
749:
748:spotting tops
745:
741:
740:conning tower
737:
733:
729:
725:
721:
717:
712:
710:
706:
702:
698:
694:
691:3,944.6
690:
687:
686:
681:
677:
673:
669:
666:. They had a
665:
661:
657:
649:
645:
638:
636:
634:
630:
626:
625:
620:
616:
613:ships of the
611:
607:
603:
595:
593:
591:
589:
584:
580:
576:
572:
567:
563:
561:
560:torpedo boats
557:
552:
551:
544:
540:
538:
533:
532:
527:
522:
521:
511:
507:
506:
500:
493:
491:
489:
485:
481:
480:ship breakers
477:
473:
469:
468:training ship
465:
461:
457:
453:
449:
445:
441:
437:
433:
429:
424:
422:
418:
414:
410:
406:
402:
401:
396:
395:
390:
389:
384:
380:
376:
374:
361:
358:
355:
354:Conning tower
352:
349:
346:
345:
344:
341:
340:
335:
334:torpedo tubes
331:
329:
325:
323:
319:
317:
313:
311:
307:
305:
301:
300:
299:
296:
295:
291:
288:
287:
283:
279:
276:
275:
271:
267:
264:
263:
258:
254:
252:
248:
247:
246:
243:
242:
236:
232:
228:
226:
222:
221:
220:
217:
216:
212:
209:
208:
204:
201:
200:
197:
193:
190:
189:
185:
181:
177:
173:
170:
169:
166:
163:
160:
159:
154:
150:
147:
146:
142:
139:
138:
134:
131:
130:
126:
123:
122:
119:
117:
113:
110:
109:
106:
104:
100:
97:
96:
93:
82:
79:
78:
73:
70:
68:
65:
64:
63:
60:
59:
55:
52:
49:
48:
43:
38:
34:
29:
24:
21:
16:
3070:
3050:
3043:
3036:
3029:
3022:
3015:
3008:
3001:
2995:Gustave Zédé
2994:
2987:
2981:Charles Brun
2980:
2973:
2966:
2959:
2952:
2945:
2938:
2931:
2924:
2917:
2910:
2890:
2883:
2876:
2869:
2862:
2855:
2848:
2841:
2834:
2827:
2820:
2813:
2806:
2799:
2792:
2785:
2765:
2745:
2738:
2731:
2724:
2717:
2710:
2709:
2703:
2696:
2689:
2682:
2675:
2668:
2649:Edgar Quinet
2648:
2642:Ernest Renan
2641:
2634:
2627:
2620:
2613:
2606:
2600:Jeanne d'Arc
2599:
2592:
2585:
2578:
2558:
2538:
2531:
2524:
2517:
2510:
2503:
2496:
2476:
2469:
2462:
2455:
2393:
2385:
2377:
2369:
2350:
2342:
2341:
2334:
2326:
2319:
2312:
2294:
2287:
2280:
2273:
2266:
2258:
2251:
2244:
2237:
2165:
2156:
2140:
2133:
2126:
2112:
2111:
2062:
2042:
2020:
2003:
1982:
1959:
1940:
1931:
1927:
1910:
1906:
1885:
1881:
1858:
1838:
1834:
1816:
1791:
1772:
1755:
1731:
1727:
1706:
1694:
1652:
1645:Garbett 1908
1640:
1628:
1616:
1609:Garbett 1904
1604:
1597:Leyland 1902
1592:
1585:Leyland 1899
1580:
1568:
1556:
1525:
1513:
1501:
1489:
1408:
1359:
1355:
1351:
1346:
1322:
1310:
1298:
1294:
1286:
1284:
1271:
1259:
1255:
1247:
1243:
1227:
1225:
1216:
1207:
1195:
1187:
1183:
1175:
1171:
1170:
1164:
1141:, Cherbourg
1118:
1096:27 May 1896
1084:
1050:
1019:Construction
1008:
1004:
997:
993:
986:
978:
974:
973:
968:
964:
960:
952:
948:
946:
932:
928:
924:
918:filled with
905:
900:
896:
874:
846:pivot mounts
841:
831:
793:(7,500
774:
770:
766:
761:driving two
756:
713:
709:sister ships
704:
684:
676:main battery
664:long overall
655:
653:
647:
623:
618:
614:
609:
601:
599:
587:
582:
568:
564:
536:
530:
520:Regia Marina
515:
509:
504:
483:
471:
463:
451:
447:
446:in 1907 and
439:
431:
425:
417:main battery
408:
399:
393:
387:
372:
371:
369:
356:: 80 mm
233:(7,500
229:10,000
171:Displacement
115:
102:
53:
32:
20:
15:
2511:Charlemagne
2447:battleships
2444:Dreadnought
1734:: 701–751.
1315:French Army
1238:during the
1213:ran aground
983:World War I
937:gun shields
827:World War I
752:searchlight
714:The ships'
550:Jeune École
456:World War I
383:French Navy
360:Gun shields
280:6,000
98:Preceded by
92:French Navy
35:; note her
3113:Categories
3002:Amphitrite
2902:Submarines
2884:Aventurier
2800:Pertuisane
2777:Destroyers
2525:RĂ©publique
1919:1077860366
1894:1077860366
1833:"France".
1720:References
1711:Smigielski
1672:Smigielski
1035:Laid down
957:commission
912:mild steel
850:forecastle
787:centerline
728:flush deck
724:tumblehome
701:short tons
699:; 4,348.2
494:Background
289:Complement
244:Propulsion
184:short tons
132:In service
3099:Cancelled
2960:Archimède
2925:Argonaute
2835:Voltigeur
2821:Branlebas
2807:Arquebuse
2739:D'Estrées
2704:Descartes
2470:Normandie
2394:D'Estrées
2335:Descartes
2259:Jean Bart
2157:Descartes
2141:Du Chayla
2012:496786828
1991:496786828
1847:727366607
1826:174823980
1781:861240927
1764:496786828
1740:0041-798X
1370:Citations
1356:Du Chayla
1333:Footnotes
1311:Du Chayla
1295:Du Chayla
1252:minelayer
1228:Du Chayla
1211:after it
1184:Du Chayla
1119:Du Chayla
1111:Cherbourg
1044:Shipyard
1038:Launched
998:Du Chayla
994:Du Chayla
979:Du Chayla
969:Du Chayla
953:Du Chayla
925:Du Chayla
920:cellulose
916:cofferdam
899:, though
893:waterline
854:cast iron
842:Du Chayla
775:Du Chayla
697:long tons
695:(3,882.3
689:displaced
633:amidships
629:magazines
556:squadrons
472:Du Chayla
440:Du Chayla
438:in 1904.
400:Du Chayla
180:long tons
140:Completed
135:1898–1924
127:1894–1898
103:Descartes
80:Operators
3037:Lagrange
2988:Clorinde
2967:Mariotte
2953:Brumaire
2946:PluviĂ´se
2932:Émeraude
2918:Aigrette
2849:Bouclier
2842:Chasseur
2814:Claymore
2786:Durandal
2559:Henri IV
2463:Bretagne
1857:(2011).
1814:(1920).
1750:(1899).
1657:Burgoyne
1530:Friedman
1518:Friedman
1463:Campbell
1307:Red Seas
1032:Ordered
868:of four
773:, while
734:. Their
674:for the
672:sponsons
575:cruisers
405:cruisers
297:Armament
61:Builders
3051:O'Byrne
3030:Joessel
3009:Bellone
2725:Guichen
2711:D'Assas
2614:Dupleix
2607:Gueydon
2593:Pothuau
2532:Liberté
2518:Suffren
2456:Courbet
2351:Catinat
2343:D'Assas
2281:Guichen
2166:Catinat
2134:Cassard
2127:D'Assas
2113:D'Assas
1699:Corbett
1561:Brassey
1549:Roberts
1494:Glennon
1482:Roberts
1401:Roberts
1360:Cassard
1352:D'Assas
1323:Cassard
1299:Cassard
1291:U-boats
1287:Cassard
1272:D'Assas
1264:reserve
1260:D'Assas
1256:Cassard
1248:D'Assas
1244:Cassard
1221:reserve
1217:Cassard
1196:D'Assas
1188:D'Assas
1176:Cassard
1172:D'Assas
1165:Cassard
1085:Cassard
1051:D'Assas
1009:Cassard
1005:Cassard
987:Cassard
975:Cassard
965:Cassard
961:D'Assas
949:Cassard
933:D'Assas
929:Cassard
838:caliber
785:on the
783:funnels
771:Cassard
767:D'Assas
742:with a
720:ram bow
705:D'Assas
685:D'Assas
656:D'Assas
648:D'Assas
631:to the
615:D'Assas
602:D'Assas
583:D'Assas
539:classes
510:D'Assas
484:Cassard
464:Cassard
452:D'Assas
448:Cassard
432:D'Assas
409:D'Assas
394:Cassard
388:D'Assas
381:of the
373:D'Assas
292:370–392
148:Retired
116:Catinat
54:D'Assas
33:D'Assas
3071:Foudre
3044:Armide
2911:Sirène
2856:Bisson
2793:Framée
2697:Linois
2690:Friant
2683:Troude
2676:Forbin
2621:Gloire
2539:Danton
2504:Bouvet
2386:Linois
2378:Troude
2370:Forbin
2327:Friant
2320:Suchet
2313:Davout
2070:
2049:
2027:
2010:
1989:
1966:
1947:
1917:
1892:
1886:XLVIII
1865:
1845:
1824:
1800:
1779:
1762:
1738:
1506:France
879:, two
744:bridge
722:and a
635:guns.
624:Davout
619:Friant
610:Friant
596:Design
588:Friant
581:. The
537:Italia
531:Duilio
512:design
505:Friant
470:while
397:, and
191:Length
89:
3023:Diane
2939:Circé
2891:Arabe
2828:Spahi
2396:class
2388:class
2380:class
2372:class
2353:class
2345:class
2337:class
2329:class
2267:Alger
2261:class
2168:class
2159:class
1633:Alger
1338:Notes
1327:scrap
1208:Sully
1029:Name
1001:'
990:'
799:knots
732:stern
716:hulls
680:draft
528:—the
488:scrap
421:knots
375:class
342:Armor
314:10 Ă—
277:Range
270:knots
265:Speed
223:20 Ă—
210:Draft
124:Built
118:class
105:class
56:class
37:yards
2477:Lyon
2245:Tage
2238:Sfax
2068:ISBN
2047:ISBN
2025:ISBN
2008:OCLC
1987:OCLC
1964:ISBN
1945:ISBN
1915:OCLC
1890:OCLC
1863:ISBN
1843:OCLC
1822:OCLC
1798:ISBN
1777:OCLC
1760:OCLC
1736:ISSN
1732:XXXI
1428:Ropp
1413:Ropp
1358:and
1350:For
1305:and
1268:hulk
1174:and
977:and
951:and
927:and
908:deck
769:and
765:for
668:beam
654:The
534:and
370:The
348:Deck
320:2 Ă—
308:4 Ă—
302:6 Ă—
255:2 Ă—
249:2 Ă—
202:Beam
161:Type
50:Name
2877:M89
1911:LII
1234:in
1146:G3
836:45-
558:of
282:nmi
268:20
231:ihp
196:loa
3115::
2002:.
1981:.
1932:XX
1930:.
1909:.
1905:.
1884:.
1880:.
1839:XV
1837:.
1754:.
1730:.
1679:^
1664:^
1537:^
1470:^
1435:^
1420:^
1377:^
1354:;
1329:.
1293:.
1282:.
1242:.
1223:.
1109:,
1075:,
1007:.
939:.
821:A
795:kW
711:.
592:.
490:.
391:,
235:kW
3096:X
3090:C
3084:S
2430:e
2423:t
2416:v
2215:e
2208:t
2201:v
2104:e
2097:t
2090:v
2076:.
2055:.
2033:.
2014:.
1993:.
1972:.
1953:.
1921:.
1896:.
1871:.
1849:.
1828:.
1806:.
1783:.
1766:.
1742:.
693:t
237:)
186:)
176:t
151:3
143:3
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