529:
awarded in the fields of arts, humanities and social sciences. The DLitt may be "earned" through research in a public university, or bestowed as an honoris causa award for distinguished achievements. For an earned DLitt degree, the entry requirement is a Doctor of
Philosophy degree and evidence of substantial contribution to the field after completion of PhD. The DLitt Thesis is expected to be of an exceptionally high order, and is reviewed by eminent experts in the subject. The new vistas of knowledge embodied in the DLitt Thesis must also be publicly defended. DLitt (honoris causa) are conferred by public universities, usually on visiting dignitaries or on experts who may or may not have the prescribed qualification, but have substantially contributed to academic or professional development of a field of knowledge.
315:(Ed.D.), for example, and is awarded on the basis of high achievement in the respective field or a long record of research and publication. The D.Litt. degree is awarded to candidates whose record of published work and research shows conspicuous ability and originality and constitutes a distinguished and sustained achievement. University committee and board approval is required, and candidates must provide documented mastery of a particular area or field. The degree may also be awarded
284:
38:
356:) degree in 1915, deliberately using a distinctive English, rather than a Latin, title and abbreviation for it. The D.Phil. became an accelerated, supervised, degree of lower status than the D.Litt. When it was established in 1900, the Oxford Doctor of Literature (D.Litt.) degree could be awarded to individuals who had a standing of thirty-four terms from the award of a
261:
364:
degree, providing they could provide "fitness for the degree in published books or papers, containing an original contribution to the advancement of learning." The required number of terms changed over the years, depending on the prior Oxford degree that a candidate held, and the requirements became
372:
called for a faculty board at Oxford to "appoint judges to consider the evidence submitted by any candidate, and to report thereon to the board. In making their report, the judges shall state whether the evidence submitted constitutes an original contribution to the advancement of knowledge of such
218:
or thesis, and portfolio evaluation may be waived, at the discretion of the degree-granting body. Honorary Doctor of
Letters recipients need not necessarily have any previous affiliation with the awarding institution and, in most cases, it is not considered proper for them to use the title of "Dr."
528:
In India the DLitt degree was earlier called the Doctor of
Letters, but presently DLitt is an abbreviation of "Doctor of Literature", since the year 2014, after a Gazette Notification by the Government of India mandated a change in the nomenclature. The DLitt is the highest postdoctoral degree
405:
as a higher doctorate. The standards for the remaining doctorates, including the D.Litt. (now also referred to as "Doctor of
Letters" rather than Doctor of Literature), require the judges "to consider whether the evidence submitted demonstrates excellence in academic scholarship and is:
503:, which is obtained following different rules in each field. In literature, the candidates must also present a new and unpublished work. The habilitation (which is not followed by an indication of the field) allows holders to apply for a position of professor in French universities.
553:
The title of Vidya
Vachaspati may also be awarded honoris causa to distinguished scholars who may otherwise lack the educational qualifications to be eligible to register for the earned degree, but whose expertise and contributions are deemed to be deserving of the honour.
373:
substance and distinction as to give the candidate an authoritative status in some branch or branches of learning." Between 1923 and 2016, Oxford awarded 219 D.Litt. degrees, of which 196 were awarded to men and 23 to women. Among the six higher doctoral degrees at Oxford (
400:
In June 2016, the Oxford D.Litt. was suspended, pending a reform of the higher doctorates. The reforms were completed in June 2018 and applications reopened in
September 2018. The new regulations reduced the number of higher doctorates to five by dropping the
352:) degree as a basic qualification for an academic career, was not immediately adopted at Oxford, but it did create pressure for Oxford to offer a degree for this purpose. Rather than use the D.Litt. degree, Oxford eventually created its doctor of philosophy (
464:, the earned Doctor of Letters (D.Litt.) program requires the completion of 45 graduate credit hours beyond the master's degree, including the successful development and defense of a 150- to 220-page doctoral dissertation.
919:
772:
601:
535:
Similarly, the highest educational degree at the postdoctoral level in
Sanskrit, Pali, Prakrit, Indic religious studies, Oriental literature and Indology in India is termed
1298:
1260:
1223:
1186:
758:
1027:
210:
to recognize one's lifetime of excellence in a particular humanistic, cultural, or artistic field, or other notable contributions to society. When conferred as an
1474:
189:, such as original contributions to the creative or cultural arts, or scholarship in Social Sciences and humanities and other merits. It may be conferred as an
201:
after the submission and academic evaluation of a portfolio of sustained scholarship, publications, research, or other scientific work of the highest caliber.
619:
930:
1159:
780:
219:
before their names. Universities, colleges, or learned bodies may award the honorary degree of Doctor of
Letters, Doctor of Literature or the related
955:
499:
732:
571:
1014:
328:, the degree was established in 1900 as part of the development of graduate-level research degrees that began with the introduction of the
893:
425:
f) of such breadth or covering such branches of knowledge appropriate to the field and in line with disciplinary norms and expectations."
55:
742:
121:
804:
Conferment of the Degree of Doctor of
Letters (Honoris Causa) on Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela: The Oration and Acceptance Speech, 2000
185:(LL.D). It is awarded in many countries by universities in recognition of superior accomplishment in the Arts, Social Sciences or
1057:
344:) traditionally reserved for established scholars. The German paradigm, adopted by the Americans, that created a demand for the
102:
1213:
656:"University of Saskatchewan Terms of Reference for the Award Of Doctorate Degrees for Scholarly Work D.Litt. and D.Sc. Degrees"
74:
1152:
59:
1126:
336:
degrees in 1895. Until then, Oxford had focused on undergraduate teaching, with the doctorates, such as those in divinity (
81:
1035:
193:
upon the completion of a regular doctoral course of study, usually including the development and defense of an original
1209:
240:
236:
1504:
88:
48:
1499:
1145:
270:
1101:
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223:, to luminaries who have been identified as rare exemplars who have enriched the humanities in particular, or
214:, many or all of the standard degree requirements, including application, matriculation, coursework, doctoral
70:
1205:
169:
in the arts, humanities and social sciences that, depending on the country, is a higher doctorate after the
963:
1251:
445:
Numerous
American universities regularly award the honorary Doctor of Letters (D.Litt.) degree, including
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MARK TWAIN, D.LITT., OXON. Students Give a Great Ovation to Him - Degree for Mr. Reid Also. June 27, 1907
1312:
508:
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degree, or of thirty-nine terms (thirteen academic years) from the award of an Oxford master of arts
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170:
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1417:
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450:
357:
329:
312:
1002:
1344:
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446:
402:
378:
341:
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The honorary DLitt are considered an award, and not an academic degree in the strictest sense.
95:
1436:
1200:
897:
738:
178:
321:
to such individuals as the awarding institution deems worthy of this highest academic award.
231:
was awarded an honorary D.Litt. by Oxford University in 1907 for his literary contributions.
1466:
1422:
1339:
1195:
397:), the D.Litt. comprised 27.5% of the higher doctorates awarded during this 93-year period.
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198:
174:
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In addition to being awarded as an earned degree, this doctorate is also conferred as an
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program generally requires both having published works and the previous attainment of a
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is awarded with a speciality, but there is no official list of these. Candidates for a
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232:
182:
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Program: Masters and Doctorate of Letters (Programa de Maestria y Doctorado en Letras)
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655:
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c) sustained over time and showing current and continued contribution to scholarship;
266:
1349:
695:
215:
194:
838:
802:
1412:
37:
1074:
696:"How to Use My Honorary Degree? How to Use My Honorary Doctorate with My Name?"
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228:
186:
1102:
https://www.ugc.gov.in/pdfnews/1061840_specification-of-degrees-july-2014.pdf
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1137:
1058:"Paula Vogel MA '76, PhD '16, receives honorary Doctor of Letters from Yale"
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d) authoritative, being able to demonstrate impact on the work of others;
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b) substantial in scale and in the contribution it has made to knowledge;
386:
353:
303:
In the United Kingdom, Australia, India, and Ireland, the degree is a
17:
1397:
1364:
1354:
1283:
1128:
Vidya Vachaspati (D.Litt.), Rashtriya Sanskrit Vidyapeetha, Tirupati,
422:
e) of global reach and international importance within the field; and
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382:
390:
349:
333:
224:
146:
374:
337:
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D.Litt. He was awarded an honorary doctorate of letters in 1907.
1141:
539:, which is legally recognized as the equivalent to the DLitt.
606:
Faculdad de Humanidades, Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata
31:
1028:"PADMA DESAI TO RECEIVE HONORARY DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF LETTERS"
1090:
Twentieth-Century French Philosophy: Key Themes And Thinkers
165:) also termed "Doctor of Literature" in some countries is a
1114:
Mr. Narendra Kumar Chouhan vs State Of Rajasthan & Ors,
1062:
Cornell University, Department of Performing and Media Arts
960:
Oxford University Gazette vol. 146 no. 5137 (16 June 2016)"
434:
In the United States, the degree may be conferred as an
1003:
University of Oxford Regulations for Higher Doctorates
839:"Tanzania: Open University of Tanzania Honors Mandela"
235:
was awarded honorary Doctor of Letters degrees by the
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Britain, the Commonwealth and the Republic of Ireland
1454:
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1297:
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243:in 2000 for his leadership in the struggle against
62:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
958:Education Committee: Suspension of higher degrees,
866:, (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2000), p. 619.
883:(Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1994), p. 125.
894:"University of Oxford. Examination Regulations"
1475:Master of Arts (Oxford, Cambridge, and Dublin)
924:, University of Oxford, 2016, table 1, page 8"
734:The Routledge Encyclopedia of Mark Twain, 2011
273:black cassock, having just received a D.Litt.
1153:
370:The Oxford University Examination Regulations
8:
757:: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (
731:LeMaster, J.R. and Wilson, James D. (2011).
292:(right), wearing the full-dress gown of an
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151:
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1138:
1013:Honorary degrees awarded at Commencement.
678:"The Difference Between a PhD & DLitt"
620:"Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico"
602:"Doctor of Letters (Doctorado en Letras)"
122:Learn how and when to remove this message
1116:Rajasthan High Court (11 September 2014)
860:The History of the University of Oxford.
516:(in France, "letters" is equivalent to "
1032:Columbia University, Harriman Institute
877:The History of the University of Oxford
563:
922:Report of the Review of Higher Degrees
820:
810:
750:
572:"Catalog: Doctor of Letters (D.Litt.)"
550:degree, which is equivalent to a PhD.
500:Habilitation à diriger des recherches
7:
807:. Open University of Tanzania. 2000.
506:Before the 1950s, the now-abolished
60:adding citations to reliable sources
410:a) of the absolute highest quality;
197:, or may be conferred as an earned
173:(Ph.D.) degree or equivalent to a
25:
1015:Harvard University Gazette Online
700:The Protocol School of Washington
282:
259:
36:
1214:Certificate of Higher Education
1130:Indcareer (Accessed 2 May 2018)
1092:, Blackwell Publishing, p. 208.
47:needs additional citations for
497:There is a higher degree, the
1:
482:in literature are awarded a
1210:Diploma of Higher Education
269:, dressed in a traditional
241:Open University of Tanzania
1521:
663:University of Saskatchewan
864:Nineteenth Century Oxford
858:and M.C Curthouys, eds.,
777:Nelson Mandela Foundation
1088:Alan D. Schrift (2006),
221:Doctor of Humane Letters
1206:Higher National Diploma
27:Higher doctorate degree
160:
152:
1313:Candidate of Sciences
881:The Twentieth Century
875:Brian Harrison, ed.,
773:"Honorary Doctorates"
1383:Academic certificate
1275:Postgraduate diploma
990:University of Oxford
862:, vol. VII, part 2:
714:"The New York Times"
642:University of Oxford
326:University of Oxford
309:Doctor of Philosophy
181:(Sc.D. or D.Sc.) or
171:Doctor of Philosophy
56:improve this article
1418:Professional degree
986:"Higher Doctorates"
783:on 16 December 2019
638:"Higher Doctorates"
514:Doctorat ès lettres
485:Doctorat ès lettres
451:Columbia University
346:philosophiae doctor
313:Doctor of Education
237:University of Natal
71:"Doctor of Letters"
1345:Doctor of Sciences
900:on 19 October 2015
582:on 1 February 2021
512:degree was called
447:Harvard University
403:Doctor of Medicine
212:honorary doctorate
1505:Higher doctorates
1487:
1486:
1483:
1482:
1437:Specialist degree
1321:
1320:
1289:Engineer's degree
1246:
1245:
1233:Bachelor's degree
1201:Foundation degree
247:in South Africa.
179:Doctor of Science
161:Doctor Litterarum
153:Litterarum Doctor
135:Doctor of Letters
132:
131:
124:
106:
16:(Redirected from
1512:
1500:Honorary degrees
1423:Graduate diploma
1340:Higher doctorate
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1257:
1196:Associate degree
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1099:
1093:
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1034:. Archived from
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975:
973:
971:
962:. Archived from
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935:
929:. Archived from
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909:
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905:
896:. Archived from
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853:
847:
846:
835:
829:
828:
822:
818:
816:
808:
799:
793:
792:
790:
788:
779:. Archived from
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728:
722:
721:
710:
704:
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692:
686:
685:
676:Martin, Krista.
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578:. Archived from
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544:Vidya Vachaspati
542:Enrollment in a
537:Vidya Vachaspati
457:, among others.
340:) and medicine (
305:higher doctorate
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239:in 1993 and the
199:higher doctorate
175:higher doctorate
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40:
32:
21:
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1490:
1489:
1488:
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1462:Honorary degree
1450:
1446:Terminal degree
1408:Magister degree
1393:External degree
1375:
1369:
1317:
1293:
1270:Master's degree
1242:
1218:
1172:
1170:academic degree
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1125:
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1111:
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1078:Drew University
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1038:on 27 July 2020
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576:Drew University
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509:Doctorat d'État
472:In France, the
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462:Drew University
455:Yale University
436:honorary degree
432:
365:more specific.
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167:terminal degree
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12:
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1434:
1432:Higher diploma
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1420:
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1400:
1395:
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1388:Artist diploma
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1376:classification
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1238:Honours degree
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1229:
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1220:
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1217:
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1190:
1180:
1174:
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233:Nelson Mandela
183:Doctor of Laws
177:, such as the
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1296:
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1284:Diplom degree
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1268:
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1249:
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879:, vol. VIII:
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737:. Routledge.
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682:The Classroom
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440:earned degree
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430:United States
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1413:Microdegree
1374:No dominant
1279:certificate
904:15 November
311:(Ph.D.) or
277:, June 2017
271:St. Andrews
1494:Categories
1403:Licentiate
1168:Levels of
856:M.G. Brock
558:References
518:humanities
290:Mark Twain
229:Mark Twain
227:at large.
187:humanities
82:newspapers
1468:Ad eundem
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368:By 2015,
245:apartheid
1455:Unearned
940:7 August
480:doctorat
475:doctorat
225:humanity
1441:diploma
1301:level 8
1263:level 7
1226:level 6
1189:level 5
1042:26 July
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438:or an
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350:Ph.D.
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147:Latin
103:JSTOR
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825:help
789:2020
759:link
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