31:
268:). Therefore, the overall behaviour of DP steels is governed by the volume fraction, morphology (size, aspect ratio, interconnectivity, etc.), the grain size and the carbon content. For achieving these microstructures, DP steels typically contain 0.06–0.15 wt.% C and 1.5-3% Mn (the former strengthens the martensite, and the latter causes solid solution strengthening in ferrite, while both stabilize the austenite), Cr & Mo (to retard pearlite or bainite formation), Si (to promote ferrite transformation), V and Nb (for precipitation strengthening and microstructure refinement). The desire to produce high strength steels with
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DP steels have high ultimate tensile strength (UTS, enabled by the martensite) combined with low initial yielding stress (provided by the ferrite phase), high early-stage strain hardening and macroscopically homogeneous plastic flow (enabled through the absence of
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Tasan, C.C.; Diehl, M.; Yan, D.; Bechtold, M.; Roters, F.; Schemmann, L.; Zheng, C.; Peranio, N.; Ponge, D. (July 2015), "An
Overview of Dual-Phase Steels: Advances in Microstructure-Oriented Processing and Micromechanically Guided Design",
30:
573:
Abid, Najmul H.; Abu Al-Rub, Rashid K.; Palazotto, Anthony N. (2015), "Computational
Modeling of the Effect of Equiaxed Heterogeneous Microstructures on Strength and Ductility of Dual Phase Steels",
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Strain localization and damage in dual phase steels investigated by coupled in-situ deformation experiments and crystal plasticity simulations
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Chakraborti, P.C.; Mitra, M.K. (2007-10-27), "Microstructure and tensile properties of high strength duplex ferrite-martensite (DFM) steels",
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top blowing process in the converter, and undergoes an alloy treatment in the secondary metallurgy phase. The product is
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consisting of a soft ferrite matrix containing islands of martensite as the secondary phase (martensite increases the
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288:). These features render DP steels ideal materials for automotive-related sheet forming operations.
547:"Microstructure-Properties Correlation of Dual Phase Steels Produced by Controlled Rolling Process"
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A high strain rate sensitivity (the faster it is crushed the more energy it absorbs)
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Tasan, C.C.; Hoefnagels, J.P.M.; Diehl, M.; Yan, D.; Roters, F.; Raabe, D. (2014),
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Due to these properties DP steels are often used for automotive
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microstructure. DP steels are produced from low or medium
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Degarmo, E. Paul; Black, J T.; Kohser, Ronald A. (2003),
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Type of steel with a ferritic–martensitic microstructure
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Virtually generated microstructure of dual-phase steel.
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Low yield to tensile strength ratio (yield strength /
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554:Journal of Material Science & Technology
248:that are quenched from a temperature above A
276:led to development of DP steels in 2007 by
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528:Materials and Processes in Manufacturing
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381:Abid, Abu Al-Rub & Palazotto 2015
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497:10.1146/annurev-matsci-070214-021103
453:Materials Science and Engineering: A
476:Annual Review of Materials Research
335:High initial strain hardening rates
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318:Their advantages are as follows:
291:The steel melt is produced in an
258:continuous cooling transformation
435:Degarmo, Black & Kohser 2003
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587:10.1016/j.commatsci.2015.02.051
575:Computational Materials Science
1:
560:(5): 451–454, archived from
408:Chakraborti & Mitra 2007
260:diagram. This results in a
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465:10.1016/j.msea.2007.02.042
175:Other iron-based materials
111:Widmanstätten structures
530:(9th ed.), Wiley,
344:Good fatigue resistance
338:Good uniform elongation
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232:) is a high-strength
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545:Fallahi, A. (2002),
581:, Elsevier: 20–37,
489:2015AnRMS..45..391T
106:Tempered martensite
609:Vehicle technology
274:microalloyed steel
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393:Tasan et al. 2014
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330:tensile strength
266:tensile strength
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226:Dual-phase steel
162:Weathering steel
157:High-speed steel
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324:yield strength
286:LĂĽders effects
262:microstructure
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147:Maraging steel
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127:Crucible steel
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445:Bibliography
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423:Fallahi 2002
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301:killed steel
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208:Wrought iron
198:Ductile iron
137:Spring steel
132:Carbon steel
350:body panels
270:formability
252:but below A
242:martensitic
236:that has a
142:Alloy steel
86:Spheroidite
598:Categories
360:References
278:Tata Steel
193:White iron
167:Tool steel
101:Ledeburite
63:Martensite
505:1531-7331
305:manganese
297:aluminium
188:Gray iron
183:Cast iron
58:Cementite
53:Austenite
309:chromium
238:ferritic
230:DP steel
91:Pearlite
68:Graphite
485:Bibcode
354:bumpers
313:silicon
119:Classes
96:Bainite
48:Ferrite
604:Steels
534:
503:
332:= 0.5)
293:oxygen
39:Phases
23:Steels
565:(PDF)
550:(PDF)
518:(PDF)
365:Notes
234:steel
532:ISBN
501:ISSN
322:Low
311:and
583:doi
579:103
493:doi
461:doi
457:466
600::
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558:18
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