572:, to Jin to negotiate Jisun Xingfu's release. During the negotiations, Xi Chou promised Prince Yingqi that after removing Jisun Xingfu and Zhongsun Mie, he would be allowed total control of Lu and enjoy closer relationships to him than even Duke Cheng. Prince Yingqi argued that removing these two men would be tantamount to abandoning Lu to its enemies, who would turn Lu into territories of Jin's enemies. Even after Xi Chou further promised a settlement in Lu, Prince Yingqi refused to change his position. On the other side, the Fan and Luan families of Jin agreed that both Jisun Xingfu and Prince Yingqi were loyal ministers to Lu and, hence, Jin. Soon, Jisun Xingfu was released.
532:). He convinced Mu Jiang to influence Duke Cheng on this matter, and she, on the day Duke Cheng was set to depart for Yanling, urged her son to banish the heads of the Jisun and Mengsun clans. When Duke Cheng made no direct response, Mu Jiang, angry, threatened to depose him and install one of his younger brothers to the Lu throne. Duke Cheng strengthened the defenses of his palace and appointed Zhongsun Mie as the head of the palace guards. Doing so delayed his departure.
302:, a favorite of the Duke of Qi, scaled the walls of Lu, but was captured by the defending soldiers. Even though the Duke of Qi plead for his life in exchange of withdrawal from Lu, the defending soldiers executed Lupu Jiukui and hanged his naked body on the city wall. The Duke of Qi, furious, ordered the Qi army to assault the walls of Long, with him personally beat the war drum. Long was taken in three days, and the Qi army advanced further south into Lu.
1110:
1163:
412:
In winter 588 BC, both Jin and Wey sent an envoy to Lu in order to renew their covenants with Lu. When Duke Cheng asked Zang
Xuanshu about who should take precedence, he said that even though the Wey envoy had a higher rank, the Jin envoy should take precedence since Jin was the head of the covenant.
557:
Shusun Qiaoru sent an envoy to Xi Chou, claiming that the Jisun and
Mengsun clans intended to align Lu to Chu and Qi. He further requested him to detain and kill Jisun Xingfu, who had been in Duke Cheng's army, while he would take care of Zhongsun Mie in Lu. He further promised further loyalty of Lu
500:
explains that this is because the leaders of Lu, considering the Duke's attendance and detainment a disgrace, decided not to record these events. In the same year, Minister Shusun Qiaoru visited Qi to foster good relations. The relationship between Lu and Qi had been antagonistic since the Battle of
469:. Regardless, The cession of land was executed, and dissatisfaction among Jin's allies rose. In the next year, Duke Jing of Jin, fearful, met with leaders of Jin's allied states at Pu (蒲) to renew the alliance. During the meeting, Jisun Xingfu questioned the virtue of the Duke of Jin to Jin Minister
464:
to Lu in order to convince Lu to return the land north of the Wen River, which Qi had ceded to Lu six years prior, back to Qi. Minister Jisun Xingfu entertained Han Chuan. He then said to the envoy privately that "good faith is for realizing dutifulness, dutifulness is for fulfilling commands" and
362:, another minister, begged to go. He successfully convinced Chu to a peace deal after sending a gift of one hundred each of carpenters, needlewomen, and weavers as well as Prince Gongheng (公衡) as hostage (Prince Gongheng would soon escape from Chu). Then, Duke Cheng swore a covenant with
489:
In summer 581 BC, Duke Jing of Jin died. Duke Cheng was the only ruler to attend his funeral. Furthermore, the leaders of Jin, suspicious that Duke Cheng could be leaning towards Chu, detained him. Duke Cheng was forced to make a covenant with Jin before being sent back to Lu. The
431:
This will not do. Although Jin goes against the proper way, we cannot yet turn against it. That domain is great, and its ministers are harmonious. It is close to us and the other princes defer to it. We cannot yet switch allegiance. As it says in
484:
To care for other domains assiduously, to treat them leniently, to control them firmly, to invoke bright spirits to deter them, to deal gently with the submissive, and to attack those with divided allegiance—these are the next best things after
554:. As a result, the Duke of Jin refused to grant Duke Cheng an audience. As Duke Cheng set out for the expedition against Zheng, Mu Jiang repeated his command to Duke Cheng, whose response was the same as what it was before.
350:
to sue for peace, but he refused, positing that the Chu army would leave quickly after traveling to Lu from afar, and that going to the Chu army to negotiate for peace would be accepting the credit without merit. However,
634:(son of Shi Xie, who died in the prior year), visited Lu as an emissary from Jin to thank Duke Cheng for visiting Jin. In autumn 573 BC, Duke Cheng died. He was succeeded by his son Prince Wu (午), who would be known as
550:, the Jin officer who hosted the rulers of eastern states, and told him that Duke Cheng departed Lu late to see whether Jin or Chu would win the Battle of Yanling. Xi Chou, convinced, passed on the message to
398:
to punish Zheng for its constant switching of allegiance between Jin and Chu during the prelude to the Battle of Bi. The allied army was defeated at Qiuyu (丘輿). In fall of the same year, Minister
524:. As Jin acted without consulting its allies such as Qi, Wey, and Lu beforehand, Duke Cheng only set out with the Lu army on the day of the battle. Shusun Qiaoru, who was having a liaison with
436:’s Records, Those not of the same kith and kin, Their hearts and minds must be different. Although Chu is great, its people are not our kin. Will it be willing to care for us?
594:
In 574 BC, Lu participated in two more expeditions against Zheng led by Jin. In both cases, Chu sent an army to rescue Zheng, so neither expedition made much gain.
409:, entered the land gained in the prior year to establish Lu rule there, but his army met resistance at the city of Ji (棘), forcing him to lay siege to it.
1009:
416:
In summer 587 BC, Duke Cheng visited Jin, only to be snubbed by Duke Jing of Jin. Upon his return to Lu, Duke Cheng considered aligning towards Chu.
373:, with multiple representatives from nearby states attending. This covenant was done in secret, as Lu feared reprisal from Jin. For this reason, the
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were aligned to Jin and Chu, respectively. In order to prepare for a potential war against Qi and Chu, a new system was instituted such that each
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In winter 575 BC, the Lu leadership exiled Shusun Qiaoru, who first fled to Qi and then to Wey. Jisun Xingfu summoned
417:
214:, he reigned for 18 years from 590 BC to 573 BC. He was described as a weak ruler under the influence of his mother.
624:
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at Shasui (沙隨) to plan an attack against Zheng (which was aligned to Chu at that time). Shusun Qiaoru had bribed
528:, Duke Cheng's mother, sought to eliminate the power of the Jisun and Mengsun clans (the other two clans of the
465:
that Jin's vacillation regarding the land north of the Wen River would only break the trust between Jin and the
308:, an ally of Lu, sent a force to Lu's aid, but was defeated by Qi at Xinzhu (新築). Then, both Wey and Lu went to
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375:
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In autumn 575 BC, Duke Cheng met with the rulers of Jin, Qi, and Wey as well as representatives from Song and
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in the previous year. Duke Cheng visited Jin to pay his respects to Duke Dao of Jin. Later in the same year,
270:, should supply three armored soldiers, meaning that this new policy represents an increase in taxation. The
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1133:
280:
provide armored soldiers was improper, as the supply of armored soldiers was an affair of the cities, while
1219:
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In autumn 585 BC, under the order of Jin, Duke Cheng sent
Zhongsun Mie and Shusun Qiaoru to invade Song.
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Biographical
Dictionary of Chinese Women: Antiquity through Sui, 1600 B.C.E. - 618 C.E.
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was installed to the Jin throne after Duke Li of Jin was murdered by
Ministers
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Duke Cheng's first cousin; not to be confused with the more distantly-related
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In winter 589 BC, Chu attacked both Wey and Lu. Duke Cheng commanded
Minister
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to Jin once the plan succeeded. The Jin leaders then arrested Jisun Xingfu.
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This biography of a member of a noble house or article about nobility is a
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Therefore, Jin's covenant ceremonies were done a day before those of Wey.
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contains no record of either the funeral or Duke Cheng's detainment. The
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were fighting for hegemony (though Jin was recently defeated by Chu at
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In 573 BC, Duke Cheng died. His son Wu (午), who was three years old in
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In spring 583 BC, Gong Ji (共姬), Duke Cheng's sister, was betrothed to
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Zuo
Tradition/Zuozhuan: Commentary on the "Spring and Autumn Annals"
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In winter 576 BC, Lu established diplomatic relations with
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made no mention of ministers among the list of attendees.
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In spring 588 BC, Lu was a part of an expedition against
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1121:
786:
The
Gongyang Commentary on The Spring and Autumn Annals
766:
Durrant, Stephen; Li, Wai-yee; Schaberg, David (2016).
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personally leading an army, laying siege to Long (龍).
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In spring 589 BC, Qi attacked Lu from the north, with
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684:Lily Xiao Hong Lee, A. D. Stefanowska, Sue Wiles.
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453:In spring 583 BC, Duke Jing of Jin sent Minister
450:. She would depart for Song in the next year.
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331:, which had been a part of Lu at one point.
770:. Seattle: University of Washington Press.
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276:further criticizes that having individual
262:that according to the Rites of Zhou, each
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561:Duke Cheng, after his return to Lu, sent
520:On 6 June 575 BC, Jin and Chu clashed at
319:, a minister of Jin, for aid. Xi Ke and
1116:This Chinese biographical article is a
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246:in 597 BC), while Lu and its neighbor
198:; died 20 July 573 BC), personal name
113:Given name: Heigong (黑肱) or Heigu (黑股)
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7:
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427:, a Lu minister, said to Duke Cheng,
221:, succeeded him the following year.
788:. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US.
563:Prince Yingqi, Count Sheng of Zishu
400:Shusun Qiaoru, Count Xuan of Shusun
353:Zhongsun Mie, Viscount Xian of Meng
1173:. You can help Knowledge (XXG) by
1120:. You can help Knowledge (XXG) by
323:agreed to aid, and defeated Qi at
14:
656:Prince Yingqi of the Dongmen Clan
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418:Jisun Xingfu, Viscount Wen of Ji
258:noted in his annotations of the
1225:6th-century BC Chinese monarchs
716:Durrant, Li & Schaberg 2016
704:Durrant, Li & Schaberg 2016
440:Duke Cheng abandoned the idea.
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625:Shi Gai, Viscount Xuan of Fan
471:Shi Xie, Viscount Wen of Fan
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266:(甸), which contains four
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376:Spring and Autumn Annals
284:are agricultural units.
1230:Monarchs of Lu (state)
784:Miller, Harry (2015).
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794:10.1057/9781137493002
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219:East Asian reckoning
40:590 – 20 July 573 BC
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293:Lupu Jiukui
230:War with Qi
206:. A son of
45:Predecessor
16:Ruler of Lu
1214:Categories
1025:Duke Xiang
1020:Duke Cheng
749:Duke Cheng
738:Duke Cheng
672:References
590:Late Reign
577:Shusun Bao
530:Three Huan
200:Ji Heigong
1090:Duke Qing
1080:Duke Ping
1075:Duke Jing
1070:Duke Kang
1065:Duke Gong
1055:Duke Yuan
1040:Duke Ding
1035:Duke Zhao
1015:Duke Xuan
985:Duke Huan
970:Duke Xiao
950:Duke Zhen
945:Duke Xian
925:Duke Yang
902:Dukes of
733:Zuo Zhuan
497:Zuo Zhuan
455:Han Chuan
434:Scribe Yi
335:Mid Reign
329:Wen River
260:Zuo Zhuan
55:Successor
29:Ruler of
1085:Duke Wen
1050:Duke Dao
1010:Duke Wen
1000:Duke Min
980:Duke Yin
975:Duke Hui
935:Duke Wei
930:Duke You
920:Duke Kao
852:Duke of
603:Luan Shu
526:Mu Jiang
212:Mu Jiang
204:Lu state
170:Mu Jiang
111:: Ji (姬)
94:Heng (衡)
1060:Duke Mu
1045:Duke Ai
1005:Duke Xi
960:Duke Yi
955:Duke Wu
940:Duke Li
614:Xun Yan
541:Xi Chou
510:Zhongli
485:virtue.
182:Chinese
145:Dynasty
995:Zi Ban
915:Bo Qin
832:573 BC
828:
799:
774:
394:, and
192::
190:pinyin
184::
166:Mother
156:Father
77:Spouse
1030:Zi Ye
965:Bo Yu
830:Died:
759:vol.
755:Shiji
694:2007.
663:]
642:Notes
632:]
621:]
610:]
584:]
570:]
548:]
478:]
462:]
425:]
407:]
384:Zheng
371:]
360:]
348:]
317:]
310:Xi Ke
300:]
256:Du Yu
225:Reign
135:House
103:Names
88:Issue
37:Reign
1171:stub
1118:stub
797:ISBN
772:ISBN
612:and
388:Song
282:qius
278:qius
268:qius
264:dian
238:and
210:and
69:Died
790:doi
537:Zhu
508:at
396:Cao
392:Wey
306:Wey
252:qiu
240:Chu
236:Jin
186:魯成公
24:魯成公
1216::
904:Lu
854:Lu
761:33
736:,
661:zh
638:.
630:zh
619:zh
608:zh
582:zh
568:zh
546:zh
512:.
506:Wu
476:zh
460:zh
423:zh
405:zh
390:,
369:zh
358:zh
346:zh
325:An
315:zh
298:zh
248:Qi
244:Bi
188:;
150:Lu
139:Ji
31:Lu
1202:e
1195:t
1188:v
1177:.
1149:e
1142:t
1135:v
1124:.
895:e
888:t
881:v
792::
780:.
757:,
746:,
180:(
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