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430:(1879â1973) in 1914. The winning design projected two auditoria each in its own compartment: one smaller, running transversely across the site immediately behind the Municipal Chambers; the other, larger, extending from there to Moray Place, oriented on the same north/south axis as the whole site from the Octagon. The smaller auditorium, then called the Concert Hall, was to seat 600 people. The larger was to seat 3,000. Although Mandeno's name was on the winning design, it is likely it was the work of Roy Fraser (1895â1972), then too young to enter the competition independently.
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had not one but two auditoriums; this whole new addition was then officially designated the "Dunedin Town Hall", and the pre-existing office block became the "Municipal
Chambers". The term "Dunedin Town Hall" now came to be used in its official sense but also specifically for the main auditorium by itself and frequently too for the whole extended building. In the 1980s the official name for the second stage additions was changed to "The Dunedin Centre" but few people know exactly what that refers to. This article is about the whole building.
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292:, the city council decided it should build new and larger premises. The settlement's first wooden town offices were demolished in 1859, and no formal structure existed after that, partly because of indecision as to where it should be. A decision was finally made in favour of the site of the city's first hospital. (This is commemorated by a plaque in Municipal Lane.) A design competition was held which was won in 1877 by Thomas Bedford Cameron, with a design submitted by
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Glenroy
Auditorium internally into the adjacent Municipal Chambers. While further reducing the capacity of the Glenroy Auditorium this would also allow linear access through the whole extended complex from the Octagon to Moray Place at the level Lawson intended, the first floor of his Municipal Chambers. It thus mitigates the awkwardness introduced by placing the smaller compartment transversely across the site and the lower floor level of the smaller auditorium.
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469:-like form. The Concert Hall's entrance facade is more detailed, and more closely matches Lawson's Municipal Chambers whose west elevation it joins, making a successful transition to the plainer side of the main auditorium. The narrow Harrop Street flanks that western boundary of the whole complex while the eastern one, originally designed to be chiefly unseen, is bounded by the pedestrian walkway of Municipal Lane.
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410:. The rear elevation was left clearly unfinished with bricked-in apertures intended to give access to the auditorium when it was built. A clock was ordered from Gillett & Bland of London, with its own peal of chimes, and was started on 2 December 1880. There was a fifty-year pause before a rearward extension was completed to a plan different from that which Lawson had envisaged.
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placing a barrier between them. This impeded Lawson's intended entry from the
Octagon to the spaces behind the Municipal Chambers, and generally made movement through the whole extended complex difficult. The foundation stone was laid on 3 March 1928 and the building was opened on 15 February 1930. The main auditorium was then, and remains, the largest in New Zealand.
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743:, affectionately dubbed "Norma", was built in 1919 by William Hill and Son of London, and contains 3,500 pipes. Originally considerably smaller, though still an impressive 23 tons in weight, the instrument toured England and was set up in halls and theatres as part of a travelling vaudeville show. The organ was enlarged and installed at the
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Among these numerous parallels, the
Dunedin Town Hall is distinguished by its completeness of the features which characterise the type and their survival; its relatively large scale, especially considering the size of the city it serves; the unusually long gap between its construction phases; and the
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In a notable reversal of earlier intentions, in part brought about through public protest, Lawsonâs building was now restored. Its tower and steps were replaced and its interiors thoroughly redecorated and retrofitted with modern servicing. This was done under the supervision of Hesson's successor as
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In 1939, the interior of Lawsonâs building was remodelled. Lifts were installed and the exterior steps were removed and replaced with a balcony. Some time before 1955, two storeys were added to the southeast corner of the 1930 extension. In 1963, the top of the
Municipal Chambers' tower was removed
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The name is ambiguous. The structure was built in two major stages with a fifty-year gap between. The first stage, built in the 19th century, is a block of offices. This was popularly called the "Dunedin Town Hall" even though it had no auditorium. The second stage, built in the early 20th century,
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Trotter, 1994, p.9 (citing McDonald, 1965). It is sometimes still disputed that the design is wholly Lawsonâs, but contemporary records make this clear. There are surviving working drawings signed by him in the possession of the city council, one of which is reproduced on the back cover of
Trotter,
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The structure was conceived as the first part of a larger complex which would eventually include an auditorium to seat 2,000 people. What was built in this first stage was a set of offices on the
Octagon, with a council chamber and an observation tower, the latter intended as a lookout for the Fire
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The
Dunedin Town Hall represents a type of municipal building characteristic of the mid 19th and early 20th centuries. Such structures provided civic offices, a council chamber and a large auditorium in one building and often had a clocktower. Most had an organ in the large auditorium and often a
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Nevertheless, the then city architect Bill Hesson (1929â2007) conceived a plan to redevelop the whole complex. The
Concert Chamber was substantially modified and its seating capacity reduced to become the Glenroy Auditorium by a design of Hesson's when it was made part of a conference centre, the
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enabled it to undertake the project and pay for it with cash. The plans were now modified explicitly by
Mandeno's new partner Roy Fraser. Among other changes, the floor of the Concert Hall was lowered below that of the main auditorium and also below the first floor of the Municipal Chambers, thus
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When costed Cameronâs design proved to be more expensive than the ÂŁ7,000 allowed for the project. The council, which had admired Lawsonâs impressive front elevation, employed him to re-work Cameronâs design and also to supervise its construction. In the event he was allowed to substitute his own
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In the early 2000s a plan to enlarge the space available for conferences was developed. This envisaged building onto the western elevation across Harrop Street. After much public debate, this plan was abandoned in favour of making the additional provision by opening the compartment housing the
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The main auditorium has two galleries above the ground floor, the first arranged as a long-sided U, and an organ, installed at the back of the stage. Its ground floor foyer has an impressive barrel-vaulted, coffered ceiling. The Concert Hall, long called the Concert Chamber, had a
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and replaced with a truncated aluminium cap, known as "the meat safe" ostensibly for reasons of safety, but in fact as a prelude to demolishing the whole of Lawsonâs structure. This was controversial but plans to demolish the building continued to be entertained into the 1980s.
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A contract was let to Mercer & Low for ÂŁ15,230 â a considerable increase on the original budget. The foundation stone was laid on 23 May 1878 and the building was opened for business on 25 May 1880. By the time a clock had been installed the whole price was ÂŁ20,000.
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interior plan does not have the transverse compartment of Dunedinâs old Concert Chamber. The long gap between the Dunedin buildingâs two construction phases also produced a discernible disunity of styles. While Lawsonâs Municipal Chambers might be described as
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It is also proposed to remove Mr Heath's entrance on Moray Place and to replace it with a new glass-clad structure, set slightly apart from the building. The architect is Jeff Thompson. It is anticipated construction will start in 2010 and will cost
365:, the seat of the Roman civic government. With its corner mansard roofs and proportionately much higher tower, Lawsonâs building also echoes the old civic halls of the Netherlands, and Flanders, the latter modern Belgium - for example, the
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through a whole city block. It is the seat of the Dunedin City Council, providing its formal meeting chamber, as well as a large auditorium and a conference centre. The oldest part of the building has been called the only substantial
346:. The four corners of the building also have mansard roofs. The tower is 47 metres (165 feet) to the base of the flagpole and is very prominent in central Dunedin. The buildingâs principal elevation still dominates the Octagon.
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The organ has been extensively restored, and though care has been taken to ensure that the organ's sound has not been greatly altered, this restoration has included the upgrading of the console with the latest playing accessories.
513:"Dunedin Centre", in 1985-88. The main auditorium was refurbished, but not substantially changed, and a new entrance was added at the foot of the Moray Place facade in 1988-1990. This entrance was designed by Tim Heath.
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City Architect, Robert Tongue and was generally and critically well received. (It won the New Zealand Institute of Architectsâ National Award in 1991.) The building was re-opened on 16 November 1989.
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facade to Moray Place accommodating its principal entrance. Corner stairwells on the Moray Place front and comparable "towers" at the southward end give the main auditorium's building compartment a
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delayed progress, and in the early 1920s ratepayers voted against raising a loan to pay for the building. The city council's profits from its trading departments during the 1925-1926
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Parallel buildings in Sydney and Philadelphia have been mentioned. Those structuresâ principal elevations resemble Lawsonâs Octagon facade, but other characteristics are different.
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supplement of 6 February 1879 reported that the âcorporation buildingâ was then progressing towards completion and that âMr R. A. Lawson is the architect for the whole blockâ.
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Plan showing the first (blue) and second (red) stages of construction. The concert hall is marked in deeper red. The area shown in green is the Dunedin Civic Centre.
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in architectural terms - reached by a double flight of steps from the street. Above it there is a high tower of five more levels incorporating a clock, bells and a
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aesthetic distinction of some of its features, notably Lawson's Octagon elevation. It also forms an excellent townscape with its neighbour across Harrop Street,
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smaller auditorium for chamber music. The Dunedin building had all of these features and although its smaller auditorium is much reduced, they all survive.
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Dunedin City was incorporated in 1865, the first so constituted in New Zealand. Following the population growth and wealth generated by the
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style. The later re-working simplified this, making it more austere and more purely classical. The main auditorium has a pillared and
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cladding and was intended to harmonise with the Municipal Chambers which it physically adjoins. The initial design employed a
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style, has lost its clocktower and portico. The Auckland Town Hall, opened in 1911 and designed by the Melbourne firm
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because they were designed primarily for musical performances. The project cost ÂŁ86,000, exclusive of the organ.
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are comparable. The Wellington building, designed by Joshua Charlesworth and built between 1901 and 1904 in a
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751:. From there, it was donated to Dunedin by Mr and Mrs A. S. Paterson at a cost to them of ÂŁ16,000.
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The second phase of construction included the main auditorium, at the building's Moray Place end.
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In 1913 the city council held a competition for the design of the Town Hall, which was won by
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The Metro Cinema was incorporated into the basement of the main auditorium in the mid 1990s.
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The side elevations were dressed to be seen, like the Octagon frontage, sharing its tiers of
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in London which similarly mingles Italian and north European elements in an eclectic mix.
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Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.
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45.4 million. The Town Hall will be closed to events for twelve months from May 2010.
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style and built between 1853 and 1858. Manchester was built between 1868 and 1877 to
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manner, is better preserved. Both are rather smaller than their Dunedin counterpart.
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This first building has three main storeys, the ground or basement constructed of
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in Western Australia is another representative of the type, designed by
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Trotter, 1994, p.8 (citing the minutes of the Dunedin City Council).
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The inspiration of the design, or at least its main elevation, is
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Sydney Town Hall has many similarities to its Dunedin equivalent.
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The building was constructed of steel-reinforced concrete with
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is one too. Built on a corner site between 1870 and 1887 to a
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606:, Fraserâs additions are better characterised as understated
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The first phase of construction included the Octagon facade.
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design. Sheffield is later, built between 1890 and 1897 in
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Heritage New Zealand Category 1 historic places in Otago
253:. It is located in the heart of the city extending from
1266:
Jackie Gillies + Associates - Dunedin Town Hall project
1163:, June 2008, commissioned by the Dunedin City Council.
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Landmarks: Notable Historic Buildings of New Zealand
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St. Paul's Anglican Cathedral and Dunedin Town Hall.
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New Zealand and South Seas International Exhibition
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1185:The Heart of a City the Story of Dunedin's Octagon
691:is perhaps rather less so. Leeds was designed by
1132:"Building Improvements in the City" article in
477:and a single gallery. Neither auditorium had a
1223:Dunedin's Crowning Glory, the Town Clock Tower
919:Town Hall, Dunedin. Conditions of Competition.
876:Town Hall, Dunedin. Conditions of Competition.
640:, built between 1863 and 1866 and designed by
1230:Town Hall, Dunedin. Conditions of Competition
1068:, 21 October 2009. Retrieved 6 December 2009.
735:"Norma" the organ, photographed in June 2023.
266:town hall still in existence in New Zealand.
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900:Jackie Gillies + Associates, 2008, pp.13-14.
449:A graduation ceremony in the main auditorium
1139:"Dunedin Town Hall Competition" article in
687:are notable comparable examples, while the
161:Henry Mandeno and Roy Fraser (second phase)
747:at Wembley in 1924, before being moved to
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16:Municipal building in Dunedin, New Zealand
1207:McGill, David, and Sheehan, Grant (1997)
1045:, 7 July 2009. Retrieved 6 December 2009.
921:Dunedin City Council, Dunedin, 1913, p.2.
878:Dunedin City Council, Dunedin, 1913, p.3.
245:, is a municipal building in the city of
1277:Dunedin Municipal Chambers and Town Hall
1248:New Zealand Heritage List/RÄrangi KĹrero
1055:Town Hall to be closed for redevelopment
930:Jackie Gillies + Associates, 2008, p.11.
672:style. To a lesser extent so too is the
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1340:Government buildings completed in 1880
1232:, Dunedin City Council, Dunedin, 1913.
1160:Dunedin Town Hall, Conservation Report
1024:Dunedin Town Hall, Conservation Report
990:Dunedin Town Hall, Conservation Report
950:Dunedin Town Hall, Conservation Report
597:extends to enclose a courtyard, while
197:Heritage New Zealand â Category 1
1117:Dunedin Town Hall Organ - Restoration
668:and built between 1860 and 1870 in a
636:In Australia, apart from Sydney, the
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1204:. Christchurch: Whitcombe and Tombs.
1325:Buildings and structures in Dunedin
1106:Norman Ledgerwood, 2008, pp.65, 67.
1035:Loughrey, David and Morris, Chris.
887:"Dunedin Town Hall Competition" in
184:New Zealand Institute of Architects
1330:City and town halls in New Zealand
14:
1360:1880s architecture in New Zealand
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1001:McGill and Sheehan, 1997, p.221.
798:Herd and Griffiths, 1980, p. 81.
789:McGill and Sheehan, 1997, p.220.
771:McGill and Sheehan, 1997, p.220.
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1211:. Auckland: Godwit Publishing.
1136:6 February 1879 supplement p.a.
524:Present plans for redevelopment
369:. In this the design parallels
334:with the floors above built of
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109:15 February 1930 (second phase)
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1350:Tourist attractions in Dunedin
1077:Knight and Wales, 1988, p.165.
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1157:Jackie Gillies + Associates,
988:Jackie Gillies + Associates,
948:Jackie Gillies + Associates,
174:Bill Hesson and Robert Tongue
1119:. Retrieved 5 December 2009.
1097:. Retrieved 3 December 2009.
1088:"Norma, the Town Hall Organ"
1037:Town hall plan wins approval
1010:Ledgerwood, 2008, 64&65.
970:Trotter, 1994, pp.28-35, 39.
848:Ledgerwood, 2008, pp.59, 61.
648:style, is another parallel.
1202:Dunedin: Portrait of a City
857:Ledgerwood, 2008, pp.61-62.
780:Ledgerwood, 2008, pp.66-67.
749:Tunbridge Wells Opera House
711:style, and was designed by
99:3 March 1928 (second phase)
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1183:Ledgerwood, Norman (2008)
992:, June 2008, pp.15, 17-18.
50:Dunedin Municipal Chambers
35:The Octagon (south) facade
1173:. Dunedin: John McIndoe.
745:British Empire Exhibition
577:Comparisons and contrasts
541:This section needs to be
395:and then arched windows,
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107:25 May 1880 (first phase)
97:23 May 1878 (first phase)
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1301:45.873343°S 170.503053°E
1154:. Dunedin: John McIndoe.
979:Trotter, 1994, pp.49-63.
866:Trotter, 1994, pp.16-22.
257:, the central plaza, to
1365:Harry Mandeno buildings
1345:Robert Lawson buildings
1169:and Wales, Niel (1988)
939:Ledgerwood, 2008, p.62.
909:Ledgerwood, 2008, p.66.
839:Ledgerwood, 2008, p.60.
148:Design and construction
1306:-45.873343; 170.503053
1221:Trotter, Olive (1994)
1115:Dunedin City Council,
1086:Dunedin City Council,
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644:and Edward Woods in a
595:Philadelphia City Hall
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489:Later building history
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386:Philadelphia City Hall
359:Piazza del Campidoglio
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308:design for Cameronâs.
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125:ÂŁ20,000 (first phase)
1355:The Octagon, Dunedin
1279:at Wikimedia Commons
1252:Heritage New Zealand
1244:"Municipal Chambers"
1171:Buildings of Dunedin
1148:Griffiths, George J.
721:St. Paul's Cathedral
685:Manchester Town Hall
666:Richard Roach Jewell
615:Wellington Town Hall
371:George Gilbert Scott
367:Oudenaarde Town Hall
279:Construction history
241:, also known as the
135:Dunedin City Council
94:Construction started
1297: /
1152:Discovering Dunedin
1093:3 June 2010 at the
1060:22 May 2010 at the
816:Trotter, 1994, p.9.
739:The Concert Hall's
689:Sheffield Town Hall
650:Melbourne Town Hall
631:Renaissance Revival
613:In New Zealand the
60:Architectural style
55:General information
1026:, June 2008, p.18.
891:April 1914, p.991.
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638:Adelaide Town Hall
627:JJ & EJ Clarke
619:Auckland Town Hall
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207:Municipal Chambers
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1193:978-0-473-12989-7
1167:Knight, Hardwicke
1146:Herd, Joyce, and
1134:Otago Daily Times
1042:Otago Daily Times
952:, June 2008, p.15
828:Otago Daily Times
701:Alfred Waterhouse
693:Cuthbert Brodrick
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159:(first phase)
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157:Robert Lawson
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143:47 m (165 ft)
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351:Michelangelo
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344:mansard roof
340:piano nobile
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294:R. A. Lawson
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171:Architect(s)
153:Architect(s)
18:
1304: /
1292:170°30â˛11âłE
1143:April 1914.
658:Joseph Reed
608:Neo-Baroque
353:âs for the
284:First phase
259:Moray Place
255:The Octagon
251:New Zealand
215:2 July 1987
88:New Zealand
80:The Octagon
69:Neo-Baroque
1319:Categories
1289:45°52â˛24âłS
1257:4 December
759:References
709:Jacobethan
656:design of
475:proscenium
463:pedimented
408:balustrade
397:Corinthian
393:pedimented
212:Designated
1228:Unknown,
1066:Channel 9
479:fly tower
400:pilasters
316:Brigade.
264:Victorian
114:Renovated
104:Completed
1141:Progress
1091:Archived
1058:Archived
889:Progress
599:Sydneyâs
467:basilica
76:Location
1200:(1970)
1150:(1980)
1127:Sources
727:"Norma"
543:updated
404:cornice
373:âs for
357:on the
332:breccia
247:Dunedin
84:Dunedin
1215:
1191:
1177:
481:or an
140:Height
695:in a
629:in a
182:1991
132:Owner
1259:2009
1213:ISBN
1189:ISBN
1175:ISBN
683:and
617:and
571:NZ$
433:The
406:and
380:The
363:Rome
270:Name
237:The
223:2197
122:Cost
117:1989
703:âs
361:in
249:in
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610:.
402:,
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555:)
551:(
545:.
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