Knowledge (XXG)

Durham Artillery Militia

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162:, enacted during a period of international tension. As before, units were raised and administered on a county basis, and filled by voluntary enlistment (although conscription by means of the Militia Ballot might be used if the counties failed to meet their quotas). Training was for 56 days on enlistment, then for 21–28 days per year, during which the men received full army pay. Under the Act, Militia units could be embodied by Royal Proclamation for full-time service in three circumstances: 46: 63: 362:
Under the Militia Acts, units could also volunteer for overseas service. The Durham Artillery did so in 1900, and was one of the six Militia Artillery units permitted to form a Service Company of volunteers to serve in South Africa alongside the Regulars.
444:
F. Doyle's party. About that time a party of 14 Nongqayi (Zululand Police) under Serjeant Gumbi fought their way through the Boer lines to join the defenders. The Boer fire slackened off towards evening, and they withdrew at about 18.30.
553:
on 5 July 1908, all these units were later disbanded. The Durham unit disbanded on 31 October 1909. Instead the men of the RFA Special Reserve would form Brigade Ammunition Columns for the Regular RFA brigades on the outbreak of war.
545:, a semi-professional force whose role was to provide reinforcement drafts for Regular units serving overseas in wartime. Although the majority of the officers and men of the Durham RGA (M) accepted transfer to the Special Reserve 1252: 502:. Part of the unit remained in India guarding prisoners for some time, the rest embarked for home in November 1901, arriving a dew days after the company from Durban. Officers and men of the service company received the 423:
At 04.15 on 26 September, the detachment at Fort Prospect were warned by a native that hundreds of Boers were on their way. Fifteen minutes later the position was attacked under cover of mist by 400–500 men of the
432:, led by General Cecil 'Cherry' Cheere Emmett. The brunt of the attack fell on two sangars on the north and west of the position held by the Durham Company acting as infantry. Although the Boers broke through the 440:. The Boers drew off at 06.30 and contented themselves with rifle fire against the completely surrounded fort. A second attack at 10.00 got as far as the rear trench where they were driven off by 1999: 177: 1868: 1501: 1984: 379: 1245: 1994: 1375: 284:
The Artillery Militia was reorganised into 11 divisions of garrison artillery in 1882, and the Durham unit, with a sixth battery, became the senior militia unit in the new
569:
Although the 19th-century role of the militia artillery was usually to man guns in fixed fortifications, photographs of the Durham RGA (M) at its annual training camp at
2004: 1025: 1486: 371: 378:, under the command of Lt-Col H.P. Ditmas of the Durham Artillery. Harold Ditmas was a solicitor and longtime auxiliary officer, first as a lieutenant with the 269:
from December 1875. This assigned places in an order of battle of the 'Garrison Army' to militia artillery units: the Durham Artillery's war station was in the
1641: 1873: 223: 196:'s quota was assessed as 2000 men, to consist of two infantry regiments and an artillery corps. The new artillery unit was raised on 20 July 1853 as the 292:(the 1st Brigade comprised the Regular RA units of the division). When the Northern Division was abolished in 1889 its militia were transferred to the 212: 1904: 1756: 227: 1686: 527: 410: 243: 1939: 1847: 1227: 597: 1914: 449: 235: 1435: 1361: 285: 251: 534:. Some batteries of Militia Artillery were to be converted to field artillery. However, little of Brodrick's scheme was carried out. 1481: 1425: 1301: 1286: 1271: 1239: 1213: 1198: 366:
The service company of the Durham Artillery, consisting of five officers and 170 other ranks, sailed on 24 March 1900 and landed at
293: 518:
After the Boer War, the future of the Militia was called into question. There were moves to reform the Auxiliary Forces (Militia,
180:
units in addition to the traditional infantry regiments. Their role was to man coastal defences and fortifications, relieving the
1909: 1445: 1496: 523: 239: 436:
and got within 20 yards (18 m) of the sangars, they held out and Rowley was able to repulse the attack with the aid of a
1696: 1460: 1368: 475:
O'Neill of the Durham Artillery were also mentioned in dispatches, and Maj Gowans was awarded a DSO at the end of the war.
1883: 1741: 1537: 503: 238:
on 4 October 1854. Colonel Henry Stobart (died 26 August 1866) was the proprietor of Etherley Colliery, a director of the
66: 1929: 1636: 1567: 1562: 1547: 1522: 507: 323:
The Durham Artillery Militia was twice embodied for full-time service to release Regular RA units for overseas service:
574: 1465: 464: 456: 397:
for infantry rifles they were engaged in preventing Boer border raids. In September a 3000-strong Boer Commando under
1666: 1410: 531: 416:, and all under the command of Capt A.C. Rowley of 2nd Battalion Dorsets, they dug trenches and constructed stone 1572: 1455: 1440: 542: 216: 1989: 1826: 1656: 1542: 1450: 1405: 340: 308: 151: 1954: 1811: 1761: 1701: 1415: 1384: 468: 401:
threatened Zululand, and a 51-strong detachment of the company without guns was sent to Fort Prospect, near
1949: 1863: 1842: 1816: 1771: 1736: 1661: 1651: 1646: 1430: 487: 472: 417: 402: 231: 1919: 1791: 1711: 1599: 546: 1726: 1671: 1626: 1186: 406: 311:(RGA), and when the RGA abolished the divisional structure the unit at Sunderland took the title of 1934: 1924: 1776: 1766: 1751: 1706: 1552: 301: 104: 1168: 1721: 1691: 1092: 1944: 1878: 1821: 1731: 1631: 1557: 1532: 1491: 1297: 1282: 1267: 1235: 1209: 1194: 946: 918: 605: 460: 452: 429: 932: 904: 890: 876: 1786: 1517: 1077: 1062: 1051: 1036: 999: 985: 971: 840: 793: 779: 413: 262: 159: 960: 1959: 1796: 1781: 1746: 1527: 1256: 1014: 538: 499: 483: 425: 350: 201: 181: 142:
where they distinguished themselves fighting as infantry in the defence of Fort Prospect.
139: 131: 115: 94: 62: 1307: 829: 1806: 1801: 1681: 601: 155: 51: 467:(DCM) for their actions, but these awards were not made. However, all four were later 1978: 1899: 1676: 448:
One Bombardier and five gunners of the Durham Artillery were wounded in this action.
433: 390: 328: 193: 135: 1716: 1026:'This Day in History: Thursday, 26 September 1901' at South African History Online. 471:. Later in the war, Lt-Col Ditmas, Major James Gowans, Capt Hugh Streatfeild and 482:. The remainder of the Durham & Edinburgh Division was brought down from the 558: 495: 398: 255: 250:
and was succeeded as lieutenant-colonel commandant by Major George Hall of the
807: 336: 205: 166:
1. 'Whenever a state of war exists between Her Majesty and any foreign power'.
99: 1353: 510:
with clasps for 'Cape Colony', 'Orange Free State' and 'South Africa 1901'.
437: 270: 1333: 818: 234:) of the Durham Artillery Militia on 20 July 1853, and he was promoted to 570: 519: 441: 394: 344: 220: 1296:, Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1992/Sandpiper Books, 1999, 1250:, London:United Service Gazette, 1905/Ray Westlake Military Books, 1987 1191:
History of the Great War: Military Operations, France and Belgium, 1914
586: 577:, as was being done with the Volunteer batteries in Brodrick's scheme. 332: 247: 382:, later with the Durham Artillery, which he had commanded since 1895. 1323: 491: 479: 386: 367: 278: 274: 1264:
The Militia Artillery 1852–1909 (Their Lineage, Uniforms and Badges)
331:, when it was embodied at Bishop Auckland and stationed first at 1193:, Vol I, 3rd Edn, London: Macmillan,1933/Woking: Shearer, 1986, 370:. On arrival they were combined with the service company of the 1357: 1348: 1338: 1248:
An Epitomized History of the Militia (The Constitutional Force)
1232:
Scarlet into Khaki: The British Army on the Eve of the Boer War
246:. He remained in command until 6 September 1859 when he became 1343: 169:
2. 'In all cases of invasion or upon imminent danger thereof'.
307:
From 1899 the militia artillery formally became part of the
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Lt-Col Henry Stobart, former CO, appointed 6 September 1859
561:, Ditmas was re-employed as a Temporary Lt-Col until 1917. 138:
from 1853 to 1909. Volunteers from the unit served in the
1328: 526:) to take their place in the six Army Corps proposed by 478:
After the action at Eshowe, the Durhams were marched to
380:
3rd (York) Yorkshire (West Riding) Artillery Volunteers
1234:, London: Sampson Low, 1899/London: Greenhill, 1988, 1892: 1856: 1835: 1619: 1612: 1592: 1585: 1510: 1474: 1398: 1391: 1310:
The North Eastern Railway: Its Rise and Development
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Fort Prospect at Battlefields Route, KwaZulu Natal.
339:. before returning to Gosport. In 1860 it moved to 111: 90: 80: 72: 57: 39: 31: 20: 2000:Military units and formations established in 1853 1312:, Newcastle: Andrew Reid/London: Longmans, 1915. 631: 629: 627: 625: 623: 621: 405:, to prepare defences. Assisted by 35 men of B ( 217:Lord Lieutenant of the County Palatine of Durham 1208:, Vol II, Wakefield: Microform Academic, 1984, 300:. The unit's HQ transferred from Hartlepool to 200:, with four batteries. Its headquarters was at 172:3. 'In all cases of rebellion or insurrection'. 1985:Military units and formations in County Durham 1369: 1221:The Development of the British Army 1899–1914 1206:Lineage Book of British Land Forces 1660–1978 741: 573:in 1906 show the men working with horsedrawn 265:a mobilisation scheme began to appear in the 8: 1052:Lord Kitchener's dispatch of 8 October 1901. 739: 737: 735: 733: 731: 729: 727: 725: 723: 721: 385:In July 1900 the composite company moved to 1995:Military units and formations in Hartlepool 1334:Grace's Guide to British Industrial History 681: 679: 677: 675: 372:Duke of Edinburgh's Own Edinburgh Artillery 1616: 1589: 1395: 1376: 1362: 1354: 819:Etherley Colliery at Durham Mining Museum. 374:, the composite unit being designated the 298:The Durham Artillery (Western Division) RA 130:was a part-time reserve unit of Britain's 541:of 1908, the Militia was replaced by the 327:5 April 1859 to 25 March 1861 during the 2005:Militia regiments of the Royal Artillery 643: 641: 1063:Lord Roberts' dispatch of 4 September 617: 455:recommended Lt R.G.M. Johnson for the 393:, where having swapped their artillery 763: 761: 759: 757: 755: 753: 751: 711: 208:. A fifth battery was raised in 1874. 25:Durham Artillery (Western Division) RA 17: 709: 707: 705: 703: 701: 699: 697: 695: 693: 691: 598:Sir Henry Havelock-Allan, 1st Baronet 7: 1266:, Nottingham: Sherwood Press, 1987, 551:Durham Royal Field Reserve Artillery 296:and the unit's title was altered to 376:Durham & Edinburgh Division RGA 27:Durham Royal Garrison Artillery (M) 1324:Battlefields Route, KwaZulu Natal. 290:2nd Brigade, Northern Division, RA 252:Royal Lancashire Militia Artillery 23:2nd Brigade, Northern Division, RA 14: 1294:The Late Victorian Army 1868–1902 1078:Lord Kitchener's final dispatch 86:Western Division, RA (1889–1902) 61: 44: 349:1 May to 11 October during the 240:Stockton and Darlington Railway 192:Under the 1852 reorganisation, 84:Northern Division, RA (1882–89) 1279:The Army and Society 1815–1914 1: 230:Commandant (with the rank of 219:, appointed Henry Stobart, a 1344:South African History Online 1230:(Col Peter S. Walton, ed.), 1037:Lyttelton's recommendation, 459:(DSO) and Sjt Doyle and two 204:until 1861 when it moved to 35:20 July 1853–31 October 1909 1106:Dunlop, pp. 131–40, 158-62. 465:Distinguished Conduct Medal 457:Distinguished Service Order 150:The long-standing national 2021: 1308:William Weaver Tomlinson, 1281:, London: Longmans, 1980, 532:Secretary of State for War 504:Queen's South Africa Medal 1385:British Militia Regiments 961:Ditmas at Victorian Wars. 808:Stobart at Grace's Guide. 508:King's South Africa Medal 184:(RA) for active service. 1262:Norman E.H. Litchfield, 1246:Col George Jackson Hay, 1228:James Moncrieff Grierson 1223:, London: Methuen, 1938. 585:The following served as 341:Parkhurst, Isle of Wight 309:Royal Garrison Artillery 198:Durham Artillery Militia 176:The 1852 Act introduced 128:Durham Artillery Militia 21:Durham Artillery Militia 1884:Forfar & Kincardine 1497:Forfar & Kincardine 1150:Litchfield, Appendix 8. 490:frontier and sailed to 469:Mentioned in dispatches 463:of the battery for the 213:Marquess of Londonderry 830:Tomlinson, Appendix B. 608:, appointed 7 May 1887 473:Company Serjeant Major 288:, taking the title of 745:Litchfield, pp. 71–7. 547:Royal Field Artillery 244:North Eastern Railway 1349:Victorian Wars Forum 1329:Durham Mining Museum 1219:Col John K. Dunlop, 1067:, 10 September 1901. 975:, 23 September 1887. 844:, 13 September 1859. 635:Litchfield, pp. 1–7. 407:Dorsetshire Regiment 254:and formerly of the 1259:ISBN 0-9508530-7-0. 1255:11 May 2021 at the 865:Late Victorian Army 656:Grierson, pp. 27–8. 575:4.7-inch heavy guns 537:Under the sweeping 315:on 1 January 1902. 302:Sunderland Barracks 242:, and later of the 158:was revived by the 105:Sunderland Barracks 1292:Edward M. Spiers, 1277:Edward M. Spiers, 1204:J.B.M. Frederick, 1139:Army & Society 1128:Dunlop, pp. 270–2. 1117:Army & Society 1096:, 4 November 1902. 1004:, 3 December 1901. 1000:Rowley's report, 989:, 25 October 1895. 949:, 4 December 1860. 947:'Edinburgh Gazette 936:, 7 February 1860. 922:, 6 December 1859. 854:Frederick, p. 985. 797:, 10 October 1854. 685:Frederick, p. 979. 667:Army & Society 450:Lieutenant-General 313:The Durham RGA (M) 236:lieutenant-colonel 76:Garrison Artillery 1972: 1971: 1968: 1967: 1864:Argyll & Bute 1620:England and Wales 1608: 1607: 1593:England and Wales 1581: 1580: 1482:Argyll & Bute 1399:England and Wales 1119:, pp. 243–2, 254. 1094:Edinburgh Gazette 934:Edinburgh Gazette 920:Edinburgh Gazette 906:Edinburgh Gazette 892:Edinburgh Gazette 878:Edinburgh Gazette 647:Dunlop, pp. 42–5. 581:Honorary colonels 453:Neville Lyttelton 430:Carolina Commando 286:Northern Division 226:in the RA, to be 178:Militia Artillery 121: 120: 2012: 1617: 1590: 1553:Londonderry (II) 1396: 1378: 1371: 1364: 1355: 1318:External sources 1187:James E. Edmonds 1174: 1166: 1160: 1157: 1151: 1148: 1142: 1135: 1129: 1126: 1120: 1113: 1107: 1104: 1098: 1090: 1084: 1075: 1069: 1060: 1054: 1049: 1043: 1041:3 December 1901. 1034: 1028: 1023: 1017: 1012: 1006: 997: 991: 983: 977: 969: 963: 958: 952: 944: 938: 930: 924: 916: 910: 902: 896: 888: 882: 874: 868: 861: 855: 852: 846: 838: 832: 827: 821: 816: 810: 805: 799: 791: 785: 777: 771: 770:, various dates. 765: 746: 743: 716: 713: 686: 683: 670: 663: 657: 654: 648: 645: 636: 633: 587:honorary colonel 528:St John Brodrick 500:prisoners of war 414:Mounted Infantry 294:Western Division 273:Division of the 263:Cardwell Reforms 256:Madras Artillery 248:honorary colonel 160:Militia Act 1852 65: 50: 48: 47: 18: 2020: 2019: 2015: 2014: 2013: 2011: 2010: 2009: 1990:Bishop Auckland 1975: 1974: 1973: 1964: 1888: 1852: 1836:Channel Islands 1831: 1762:Nottinghamshire 1742:Montgomeryshire 1707:North Hampshire 1702:Gloucestershire 1662:Caernarvonshire 1657:Carmarthenshire 1642:Buckinghamshire 1604: 1577: 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1097: 1095: 1089: 1086: 1083: 1082:29 July 1902. 1081: 1074: 1071: 1068: 1066: 1059: 1056: 1053: 1048: 1045: 1042: 1040: 1033: 1030: 1027: 1022: 1019: 1016: 1011: 1008: 1005: 1003: 996: 993: 990: 988: 982: 979: 976: 974: 968: 965: 962: 957: 954: 951: 950: 943: 940: 937: 935: 929: 926: 923: 921: 915: 912: 909: 907: 901: 898: 895: 893: 887: 884: 881: 880:, 3 May 1859. 879: 873: 870: 866: 860: 857: 851: 848: 845: 843: 837: 834: 831: 826: 823: 820: 815: 812: 809: 804: 801: 798: 796: 790: 787: 784: 783:26 July 1853. 782: 776: 773: 769: 764: 762: 760: 758: 756: 754: 752: 748: 742: 740: 738: 736: 734: 732: 730: 728: 726: 724: 722: 718: 712: 710: 708: 706: 704: 702: 700: 698: 696: 694: 692: 688: 682: 680: 678: 676: 672: 668: 662: 659: 653: 650: 644: 642: 638: 632: 630: 628: 626: 624: 622: 618: 612: 607: 603: 599: 595: 592: 591: 590: 589:of the unit: 588: 580: 578: 576: 572: 564: 562: 560: 555: 552: 548: 544: 540: 535: 533: 529: 525: 521: 513: 511: 509: 505: 501: 497: 493: 489: 485: 481: 476: 474: 470: 466: 462: 458: 454: 451: 446: 443: 439: 435: 434:Wire obstacle 431: 427: 421: 419: 415: 412: 408: 404: 400: 396: 392: 388: 383: 381: 377: 373: 369: 364: 357: 352: 348: 346: 342: 338: 334: 330: 329:Indian Mutiny 326: 325: 324: 318: 316: 314: 310: 305: 303: 299: 295: 291: 287: 282: 280: 276: 272: 268: 264: 259: 257: 253: 249: 245: 241: 237: 233: 229: 225: 222: 218: 214: 209: 207: 203: 199: 195: 194:County Durham 187: 185: 183: 179: 171: 168: 165: 164: 163: 161: 157: 153: 145: 143: 141: 137: 136:County Durham 133: 129: 123:Military unit 117: 114: 110: 106: 101: 96: 93: 89: 83: 79: 75: 71: 68: 64: 60: 56: 53: 42: 38: 34: 30: 19: 16: 1869:Berwickshire 1672:Denbighshire 1627:Bedfordshire 1420: 1309: 1293: 1278: 1263: 1247: 1231: 1220: 1205: 1190: 1169: 1164: 1155: 1146: 1141:, pp. 275–7. 1138: 1133: 1124: 1116: 1111: 1102: 1093: 1088: 1079: 1073: 1064: 1058: 1047: 1038: 1032: 1021: 1010: 1001: 995: 986: 981: 972: 967: 956: 948: 942: 933: 928: 919: 914: 905: 900: 891: 886: 877: 872: 864: 859: 850: 841: 836: 825: 814: 803: 794: 789: 780: 775: 767: 666: 661: 652: 584: 568: 556: 550: 536: 517: 477: 447: 422: 411:5th Division 409:), Company, 384: 375: 365: 361: 358:South Africa 343:and then to 322: 312: 306: 297: 289: 283: 266: 260: 210: 197: 191: 175: 149: 127: 125: 81:Part of 15: 1925:Londonderry 1777:Radnorshire 1767:Oxfordshire 1752:Northampton 867:, pp. 63–4. 669:, pp. 91–2. 559:World War I 514:Disbandment 461:Bombardiers 399:Louis Botha 319:Embodiments 112:Engagements 107:(1895–1909) 91:Garrison/HQ 1979:Categories 1827:North York 1722:Lancashire 1692:Flintshire 1568:Mid-Ulster 1502:Haddington 1436:Lancashire 1411:Carmarthen 1180:References 524:Volunteers 337:Portsmouth 335:, then at 281:Defences. 224:Lieutenant 206:Hartlepool 146:Background 100:Hartlepool 1955:Westmeath 1945:Tipperary 1910:Fermanagh 1874:Edinburgh 1822:East York 1812:Wiltshire 1732:Middlesex 1697:Glamorgan 1632:Berkshire 1586:Engineers 1558:Tipperary 1487:Edinburgh 1466:Yorkshire 1426:Glamorgan 1392:Artillery 768:Army List 565:Equipment 488:Transvaal 438:Maxim gun 304:in 1895. 271:Sheerness 267:Army List 134:based in 102:(1861–95) 97:(1853–61) 1930:Longford 1857:Scotland 1843:Guernsey 1787:Somerset 1667:Cheshire 1613:Infantry 1475:Scotland 1451:Pembroke 1406:Cardigan 1253:Archived 1137:Spiers, 1115:Spiers, 863:Spiers, 665:Spiers, 571:Southsea 520:Yeomanry 442:Serjeant 395:Carbines 391:Zululand 345:Plymouth 221:Half-pay 1960:Wicklow 1920:Leitrim 1905:Donegal 1893:Ireland 1797:Suffolk 1782:Rutland 1747:Norfolk 1573:Wicklow 1533:Donegal 1511:Ireland 1456:Suffolk 1441:Norfolk 1226:Lt-Col 596:Lt-Gen 428:or the 418:sangars 403:Melmoth 333:Gosport 228:Captain 188:History 154:of the 152:Militia 67:Militia 40:Country 1950:Tyrone 1848:Jersey 1807:Sussex 1802:Surrey 1727:London 1687:Durham 1682:Dorset 1563:Tyrone 1543:Galway 1538:Dublin 1523:Armagh 1518:Antrim 1461:Sussex 1421:Durham 1300:  1285:  1270:  1238:  1212:  1197:  492:Bombay 480:Durban 387:Eshowe 368:Durban 279:Medway 275:Thames 215:, as 58:Branch 49:  32:Active 1935:Meath 1900:Clare 1677:Devon 1528:Clare 1416:Devon 613:Notes 496:India 484:Natal 232:major 1879:Fife 1717:Kent 1492:Fife 1431:Kent 1298:ISBN 1283:ISBN 1268:ISBN 1236:ISBN 1210:ISBN 1195:ISBN 522:and 506:and 277:and 211:The 126:The 73:Role 606:KCB 557:In 530:as 494:in 389:in 1981:: 1189:, 750:^ 720:^ 690:^ 674:^ 640:^ 620:^ 604:, 602:VC 600:, 420:. 258:. 1377:e 1370:t 1363:v 1304:. 1289:. 1274:. 1242:. 1216:. 1201:. 486:– 353:.

Index

United Kingdom

Militia
Bishop Auckland
Hartlepool
Sunderland Barracks
Second Boer War
Royal Artillery
County Durham
Second Boer War
Militia
United Kingdom
Militia Act 1852
Militia Artillery
Royal Artillery
County Durham
Bishop Auckland
Hartlepool
Marquess of Londonderry
Lord Lieutenant of the County Palatine of Durham
Half-pay
Lieutenant
Captain
major
lieutenant-colonel
Stockton and Darlington Railway
North Eastern Railway
honorary colonel
Royal Lancashire Militia Artillery
Madras Artillery

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