774:
27:
1009:
723:. Educators from all over Europe came to this and later French schools for the deaf in order to adopt l'ĂpĂ©e's teaching method, and introduce it in their own countries. Therefore, this Old French Sign Language as modified by l'ĂpĂ©e spread across Europe, North America and other continents and became the basis of most modern sign languages, including Dutch Sign Language. The
192:
5072:
785:
Before the standardisation of the sign language several regional variants were used in the
Netherlands and the use of signs was discouraged in order to stimulate deaf people to acquire self-reliance. In the 1900â1980 period, the use of signs was prohibited in education as a consequence of the
945:
There are currently five schools for deaf children in the country, with the first being built at the end of the 18th century and the rest between the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century. While the first school used a manual method to teach the language, signing was
1159:
Zwets, M. (2014). Locating the difference: A comparison between Dutch pointing gestures and pointing signs in Sign
Language of the Netherlands (Unpublished doctoral dissertation). Proefschrift Radboud Universiteit Nijmegen ter verkrijging van de graad van doctor in het
202:
201:
195:
199:
198:
194:
193:
200:
5425:
Sign-language names reflect the region of origin. Natural sign languages are not related to the spoken language used in the same region. For example, French Sign
Language originated in France, but is not related to French. Conversely,
197:
1146:
Crasborn, O., van der Kooij, E., Waters, D., Woll, B., & Mesch, J. (2008). Frequency distribution and spreading behavior of different types of mouth actions in three sign languages. Sign
Language & Linguistics, 11(1),
802:
to make sounds that they were then tasked to imitate. Nevertheless, deaf people continued to use signs amongst themselves, leading to the rise of five dialects within and around the five schools for the deaf
Groningen,
718:
wanted to give them religious education, and thus learnt their language, after which he made some adjustments of it himself. Around 1760, he opened a school for the deaf in Paris, the predecessor of the current
1123:
Kimmelman, V. (2014). Information structure in
Russian Sign Language and Sign Language of the Netherlands (Unpublished master's thesis, 2014). Amsterdam Center for Language and Communication (ACLC).
1133:
Bank, R., Crasborn, O., & van Hout, R. (2011). Variation in mouth actions with manual signs in Sign
Language of the Netherlands (NGT). Sign Language & Linguistics, 14(2), 248â270.
1214:
787:
5327:
1031:
1388:
1363:
196:
1150:
De Clerck, L., & van der Kooij, E. (2005). Modifiable and intensifier self in Dutch and Sign
Language of the Netherlands. Linguistics In The Netherlands, 2261â72.
5342:
1136:
Crasborn, O., van der Kooij, E., Ros, J., & de Hoop, H. (2009). Topic agreement in NGT (Sign
Language of the Netherlands). Linguistic Review, 26(2/3), 355â370.
1070:
2626:
5332:
4516:
4471:
1493:
5363:
4528:
1579:
1574:
2856:
720:
1207:
5240:
5137:
1356:
5480:
1879:
1200:
1414:
48:
5382:
4789:
1993:
964:
5208:
773:
4835:
4413:
2577:
1023:
4784:
3262:
1349:
1064:
70:
5281:
1100:
715:
355:
4891:
4860:
4779:
4428:
3231:
946:
originally prohibited in each of the latter schools and they instead tended to use an oral method of teaching. Today, because of
4582:
3631:
2892:
2866:
1733:
794:(also called the 'German method') was practiced: deaf people were instructed to learn to speak by imitating hearing people by
5387:
4881:
4774:
4461:
4047:
3101:
1940:
1745:
1657:
540:
1156:
Schermer, T. (2012). Sign
Language Planning in the Netherlands between 1980 and 2010. Sign Language Studies, 12(4), 467â493.
5301:
4264:
4259:
3171:
2528:
1793:
934:
930:
5377:
5235:
4523:
4379:
4129:
3880:
3584:
2482:
2371:
2012:
1780:
1620:
1540:
1517:
1223:
655:
178:
4950:
4904:
4587:
4577:
4167:
3499:
3220:
3208:
3151:
3009:
2672:
2454:
2381:
2150:
1908:
1770:
1153:
Sandler, W., & Lillo-Martin, D. (2006). Sign language and linguistic universals. Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press.
288:
126:
733:
41:
35:
5337:
5025:
4912:
4121:
3769:
2076:
1925:
1243:
926:
5447:
Denotes the number (if known) of languages within the family. No further information is given on these languages.
4366:
755:
5020:
4990:
4980:
4965:
4855:
4845:
4554:
4486:
4423:
4280:
3867:
3832:
3809:
3777:
3363:
3346:
3161:
3039:
2974:
2929:
2644:
2565:
2417:
1760:
1593:
1553:
1477:
1056:
Information Structure in Sign Languages: Evidence from Russian Sign Language and Sign Language of the Netherlands
760:
52:
5296:
5147:
5010:
4945:
4908:
4900:
4840:
4825:
4721:
4695:
4687:
4679:
4533:
4361:
4353:
4340:
4317:
4288:
4240:
4071:
4039:
4015:
3646:
3597:
3507:
3357:
3336:
3277:
3237:
3214:
3201:
3166:
3156:
3106:
3066:
3004:
2984:
2902:
2871:
2654:
2092:
1975:
1952:
1798:
1525:
1460:
707:
350:
265:
4650:
3056:
3021:
2167:
5485:
5392:
5213:
5117:
5046:
5015:
5005:
4960:
4955:
4865:
4747:
4713:
4666:
4640:
4624:
4496:
4491:
4175:
4147:
4105:
4055:
3975:
3967:
3814:
3722:
3696:
3566:
3550:
3428:
3351:
3290:
3126:
2939:
2934:
2923:
2912:
2634:
2399:
2394:
2248:
2228:
2052:
1962:
1947:
1838:
1512:
1506:
1500:
1466:
5434:
both originated in English-speaking countries but are not related to each other; ASL however is related to
3909:
2839:
2831:
5427:
5407:
5132:
5000:
4995:
4975:
4970:
4830:
4766:
4700:
4632:
4592:
4546:
4538:
4481:
4476:
4435:
4403:
4374:
4348:
4309:
4214:
4209:
4183:
4087:
3999:
3933:
3917:
3896:
3859:
3851:
3824:
3753:
3745:
3730:
3714:
3706:
3688:
3664:
3654:
3636:
3441:
3412:
3407:
3341:
3242:
3196:
3181:
3141:
3015:
2999:
2994:
2917:
2897:
2801:
2662:
2639:
2536:
2425:
2389:
2350:
2329:
2283:
2269:
2233:
2063:
2007:
1983:
1930:
1920:
1889:
1788:
1755:
1605:
1530:
1483:
1447:
1437:
1383:
1008:
969:
637:
269:
5431:
5187:
5127:
4985:
4850:
4820:
4658:
4501:
4466:
4408:
4332:
4322:
4301:
4229:
4139:
4113:
4100:
4095:
4079:
4023:
4007:
3991:
3925:
3888:
3875:
3801:
3793:
3735:
3641:
3623:
3610:
3579:
3558:
3542:
3523:
3515:
3433:
3315:
3303:
3272:
3267:
3252:
3225:
3191:
3176:
3146:
3111:
3093:
3046:
2964:
2944:
2817:
2498:
2472:
2366:
2345:
2324:
2308:
2253:
2243:
2197:
2027:
1957:
1894:
1869:
1830:
1822:
1808:
1803:
1740:
1692:
1610:
1558:
1471:
1453:
1442:
1248:
975:
728:
690:
664:
517:
261:
777:
Education for the deaf-and-mute in Amsterdam (1938). Pupil in front of the class feels the educator's
5435:
5142:
4886:
4645:
4605:
4567:
4511:
4254:
4249:
4219:
4134:
4063:
3951:
3938:
3904:
3785:
3701:
3680:
3672:
3659:
3574:
3491:
3462:
3449:
3420:
3331:
3310:
3186:
3121:
3086:
3081:
3071:
3061:
2959:
2954:
2949:
2907:
2887:
2546:
2541:
2512:
2467:
2462:
2435:
2404:
2238:
2184:
2130:
2071:
1969:
1765:
1625:
1615:
1548:
1488:
1299:
861:
646:
5367:
5311:
5227:
4815:
4705:
4597:
4572:
4506:
4327:
4293:
4272:
4224:
3983:
3959:
3943:
3761:
3740:
3618:
3483:
3475:
3457:
3282:
3257:
3247:
3136:
3131:
3116:
3051:
3034:
2979:
2969:
2590:
2430:
2192:
1935:
1702:
1697:
1647:
1431:
1289:
1279:
856:
816:
765:, the first Dutch school for the deaf, after the example of l'ĂpĂ©e, who he had visited in France.
5358:
5256:
4737:
4562:
3819:
3589:
3470:
3370:
3295:
2989:
2440:
1304:
5261:
4922:
1284:
1060:
947:
1054:
5460:
5271:
5266:
5102:
5083:
1314:
1137:
5397:
5192:
5172:
5051:
1309:
1294:
118:
1092:
5306:
5291:
5182:
5167:
4937:
1269:
1237:
1120:"Did You Know Dutch Sign Language Is Vulnerable?" Endangered Languages. N.p., n.d. Web.
959:
884:
Christelijk Instituut Effatha (1888â2002), Koninklijke Effatha Guyot Groep (2002â2009)
747:
249:
218:
851:
Henri Daniel Guyot Instituut (1790â2002), Koninklijke Effatha Guyot Groep (2002â2009)
170:
5474:
5276:
5177:
5162:
5157:
4794:
1372:
268:
as their common ancestor, but have diverged during the subsequent 200 years, so that
238:
5152:
5097:
922:
906:
838:
Vereniging voor Doofstommenonderwijs in Amsterdam (1910â1994), Signis (1994â2009)
5286:
5056:
795:
253:
242:
207:
183:
1192:
894:
Koninklijke Ammanstichting (1853â2002), Koninklijke Auris Groep (2002âpresent)
5402:
5041:
4384:
4193:
3602:
3076:
2017:
1253:
1187:
1182:
1001:
876:
996:
4927:
4896:
4752:
4188:
1173:
in Dutch - choose the "Gebaren" menu and then click on "Gebarenwoordenboek".
889:
846:
833:
808:
804:
751:
163:
147:
1141:
710:(VLSF), a term for the sign language that the community of about 200 deaf
154:
5107:
5066:
4917:
4671:
869:
812:
743:
724:
257:
905:
As of 1995, more and more schools for the deaf in The Netherlands teach
4742:
1179:
in Dutch - NGT Lexicon free to search and usable with Google Translate.
791:
5371:
4456:
1728:
1716:
1274:
799:
778:
739:
5071:
772:
711:
190:
5061:
1341:
1170:
3390:
1406:
1345:
1196:
1176:
1024:"Hoeveel lijken Nederlandse en Vlaamse Gebarentaal op elkaar?"
937:
of NGT. Since 13 October 2020 has been officially recognised.
20:
950:, education is consistently leaning towards oralist methods.
714:
used amongst themselves in the mid-18th century. The abbot
706:
The origins of Dutch Sign Language (NGT) are traceable to
5328:
Association of Visual Language Interpreters of Canada
5351:
5320:
5249:
5226:
5201:
5116:
5082:
5034:
4936:
4874:
4803:
4765:
4730:
4614:
4446:
4156:
3841:
3532:
3397:
3383:
3324:
2880:
2855:
2816:
2799:
2671:
2653:
2625:
2589:
2555:
2527:
2481:
2453:
2416:
2380:
2359:
2338:
2317:
2296:
2262:
2221:
2212:
2182:
2165:
2148:
2109:
2085:
1992:
1907:
1878:
1856:
1821:
1779:
1715:
1685:
1656:
1634:
1592:
1567:
1539:
1413:
1397:
1323:
1262:
1230:
1177:
Online Lexicon with several methods to practice NGT
913:). This uses the grammar of Dutch rather than NGT.
260:, the Dutch Sign Language (NGT) is not the same as
177:
161:
145:
140:
115:
105:
97:
85:
16:Predominant deaf sign language of the Netherlands
1059:. Boston/Berlin: Walter de Gruyter. p. 14.
5343:World Association of Sign Language Interpreters
769:Dialect formation in early schools for the deaf
272:between modern users has been greatly reduced.
206:A Dutch Sign Language speaker, recorded in the
5333:International Center on Deafness and the Arts
1357:
1208:
8:
721:Institut National de Jeunes Sourds de Paris
5090:
3387:
2677:
2218:
2000:
1913:
1862:
1721:
1640:
1598:
1536:
1403:
1364:
1350:
1342:
1215:
1201:
1193:
284:
264:(VGT). They do have the late 18th-century
82:
71:Learn how and when to remove this message
821:
34:This article includes a list of general
5138:Manually coded language in South Africa
1022:Marten van der Meulen (27 April 2018).
989:
933:proposed a bill of law initiative for
91:Sign Language of the Netherlands (SLN)
689:
687:
685:
683:
681:
679:
672:
670:
663:
661:
654:
652:
645:
643:
636:
618:
616:
614:
612:
610:
608:
606:
600:
598:
596:
594:
580:
578:
576:
574:
568:
566:
564:
558:
548:
546:
539:
537:
535:
529:
527:
525:
523:
516:
514:
512:
510:
508:
502:
500:
498:
492:
370:
364:
362:
360:
349:
347:
345:
343:
341:
339:
337:
335:
333:
331:
329:
319:
317:
315:
313:
311:
309:
307:
305:
303:
301:
299:
7:
1103:from the original on 20 October 2020
828:Dialect-forming school for the deaf
754:since 1777. In 1790, he founded the
2175:Creole Hawaiʻi Sign Language (CHSL)
1034:from the original on 7 January 2023
965:Legal recognition of sign languages
3488:Somalia, Somaliland & Djibouti
3102:Jamaican Country (KS/Konchri Sain)
40:it lacks sufficient corresponding
14:
864:(1814â2003), Viataal (2003â2009)
5070:
4861:Sandy River Valley Sign Language
1073:from the original on 26 May 2024
1007:
231:Sign Language of the Netherlands
25:
5451:
5442:
5420:
5388:U.S. Army hand and arm signals
4472:Far North Queensland Indigenous
3094:Keresan Pueblo (KPISL/Keresign)
5209:Bilingualâbicultural education
4529:Western Torres Strait Islander
3603:Kata Kolok (Benkala, Balinese)
1580:Western Torres Strait Islander
798:, feeling how they used their
541:Austro-Hungarian Sign Language
1:
4281:Greenlandic (Ussersuataarneq)
3429:Adamorobe (AdaSL / Mumu kasa)
3291:Adamorobe (AdaSL / Mumu kasa)
3040:Greenlandic (Ussersuataarneq)
2547:Taiwanese (TSL/Taiwan Shouyu)
93:Nederlandse Gebarentaal (NGT)
5481:Languages of the Netherlands
2867:Providence Island (Provisle)
2517:North West Frontier Province
1224:Languages of the Netherlands
756:Henri Daniel Guyot Instituut
656:French Belgian Sign Language
4467:Akitiri (Eltye eltyarrenke)
289:French Sign Language family
241:used by deaf people in the
5502:
5338:Mimics and Gesture Theatre
4547:HawaiÊ»an (Haoilona Ê»Ćlelo)
4477:Arrernte (Iltyeme iltyeme)
3263:Trinidad and Tobago (TTSL)
3117:Hausa (HSL/Magannar Hannu)
2537:Japanese (JSL/Nihon Shuwa)
1931:Estonian (Eesti viipekeel)
1188:Word play in sign language
5416:
5093:
4583:Papua New Guinean (PNGSL)
3022:HawaiÊ»i (Hoailona Ê»Ćlelo)
2832:Ktunaxa (ÊŸa·qanⱥiⱥⱥitnam)
2680:
2239:Kazakh-Russian (KSL/KRSL)
2003:
1916:
1865:
1734:Papua New Guinean (PNGSL)
1724:
1643:
1601:
1389:List by number of signers
1379:
1053:Kimmelman, Vadim (2019).
893:
850:
840:
837:
827:
630:
622:
620:
604:
602:
592:
572:
570:
562:
560:
552:
550:
533:
531:
506:
504:
496:
494:
486:
484:
482:
476:
474:
472:
466:
464:
462:
460:
458:
452:
450:
448:
446:
444:
438:
436:
434:
426:
422:
420:
418:
416:
414:
412:
410:
408:
406:
404:
402:
400:
398:
392:
390:
388:
386:
384:
382:
380:
378:
376:
323:
321:
248:Although the same spoken
90:
5148:Paget Gorman Sign System
4602:Samoa and American Samoa
3392:Sign languages by region
3177:Ottoman (Seraglio/Harem)
2903:Albarradas Sign Language
2893:Al-Sayyid Bedouin (ABSL)
2726:Meciciya ka pekiskwakehk
2578:Martha's Vineyard (MVSL)
2542:Korean (KSL/Hanguk Sueo)
1794:Finland-Swedish (FinSSL)
1408:Sign languages by family
841:Kentalis (2009âpresent)
788:Milan Conference of 1880
781:move when making sounds.
716:Charles-Michel de l'ĂpĂ©e
708:Old French Sign Language
351:Old French Sign Language
266:Old French Sign Language
5393:Monastic sign languages
5241:Television shows (list)
5214:Manually coded language
5047:Hamburg Notation System
2840:Shuswap (Secwepemcékst)
2086:Indonesian (Nusantaric)
1809:Finnish (Viittomakieli)
1746:Northern Ireland (NISL)
1171:Online Video Dictionary
223:Nederlandse Gebarentaal
55:more precise citations.
5364:CHCI chimpanzee center
5133:Manually coded English
4831:Henniker Sign Language
4497:Warumungu (Warramunga)
4482:Warlpiri (Rdaka rdaka)
3476:Hausa (Magannar Hannu)
1384:List of sign languages
970:List of sign languages
911:Nederlands met Gebaren
782:
746:, and preached in the
638:American Sign Language
270:mutual intelligibility
222:
211:
5188:Signing Exact English
5128:Indian Signing System
4851:Plateau Sign Language
4225:Inuit (Atgangmuurniq)
3802:Tibetan (Bökyi lagda)
3332:Amami Shuwa languages
3005:Guatemalan (Lensegua)
2945:Tibetan (Bökyi lagda)
2924:Caucasian (Harsneren)
2872:Old Cayman (Guyanese)
2400:Norwegian (TegnsprÄk)
2372:French Belgian (LSFB)
1804:Swedish (TeckensprÄk)
1142:10.1515/tlir.2009.013
976:Sign Language Studies
776:
691:Italian Sign Language
665:Flemish Sign Language
518:Belgian Sign Language
262:Flemish Sign Language
237:) is the predominant
205:
5436:French Sign Language
5143:Manually Coded Malay
4951:British (two-handed)
4887:Bimodal bilingualism
4517:Far North Queensland
3825:Ban Khor (Pasa kidd)
3347:Sri Lankan languages
3278:Venezuelan (LSV/VSL)
3182:Ban Khor (Pasa kidd)
2693:Chaticks si Chaticks
2673:Plains Sign Language
2591:Mayan (Meemul Tziij)
2093:Indonesian (Bisindo)
1771:South African (SASL)
1494:Far North Queensland
935:official recognition
862:Instituut voor Doven
647:French Sign Language
3358:Tanzanian languages
3337:Ethiopian languages
3304:Nanabin (NanabinSL)
2395:Icelandic (TĂĄknmĂĄl)
2110:Francophone African
2068:Puerto Rican (PRSL)
1926:Swiss-German (DSGS)
1857:Chilean-Paraguayan-
1331:Dutch Sign Language
1183:Dutch Sign Language
997:Dutch Sign Language
921:In September 2019,
857:Sint-Michielsgestel
817:Sint-Michielsgestel
674:Dutch Sign Language
215:Dutch Sign Language
184:Dutch Sign Language
132:Dutch Sign Language
86:Dutch Sign Language
5359:Baby sign language
5257:Jabbar Baghtcheban
4738:International Sign
4641:Brazilian (Libras)
4555:New Zealand (NZSL)
4502:Mudbura (Mudburra)
4430:Sandy River Valley
4409:Keresan (Keresign)
4000:Yugoslav (Kosovar)
3371:International Sign
3352:Sudanese languages
2975:Navajo/Diné Family
2789:WĂyut'a / WĂblut'e
2627:Original Thai Sign
2405:Danish (Tegnsprog)
1948:Brazilian (Libras)
1761:New Zealand (NZSL)
783:
729:Henri Daniel Guyot
212:
111:15,000 (2019)
5468:
5467:
5461:extinct languages
5383:Legal recognition
5262:Jeanette Berglind
5222:
5221:
4923:Nonmanual feature
4836:Martha's Vineyard
4761:
4760:
4415:Martha's Vineyard
3910:Faroese (TeknmĂĄl)
3632:Al-Sayyid Bedouin
3442:Bouakako (LaSiBo)
3379:
3378:
3364:Zimsign languages
3342:Laotian languages
3226:Rwandan (AKR/AMR)
2985:Ecuadorian (LSEC)
2930:Azerbaijani (AÄ°D)
2851:
2850:
2449:
2448:
2292:
2291:
2208:
2207:
2198:Cypriot (ÎÎÎ/KNG)
1903:
1902:
1831:Chinese (CSL/ZGS)
1817:
1816:
1711:
1710:
1681:
1680:
1588:
1587:
1443:Eltye eltyarrenke
1423:
1422:multiple families
1339:
1338:
1005:(22nd ed., 2019)
948:cochlear implants
898:
897:
881:
874:
704:
703:
700:
699:
694:(c. 1830âpresent)
677:(c. 1790âpresent)
668:(c. 1970âpresent)
659:(c. 1970âpresent)
650:(c. 1790âpresent)
641:(c. 1820âpresent)
203:
189:
188:
81:
80:
73:
5493:
5455:
5446:
5424:
5312:Pierre PĂ©lissier
5297:Thomas Gallaudet
5272:Thomas Braidwood
5103:Initialized sign
5091:
5074:
4559:Papua New Guinea
4462:Australian-Irish
4168:Plains Sign Talk
4048:Northern Ireland
4044:Northern Ireland
3567:Hong Kong (HKSL)
3388:
3167:Nicaraguan (ISN)
3082:Kenyan (KSL/LAK)
2898:Albanian (AlbSL)
2678:
2492:Bangalore-Madras
2473:Israeli (Shassi)
2441:Thai (TSL/MSTSL)
2351:Honduran (LESHO)
2219:
2077:Singapore (SgSL)
2013:Black ASL (BASL)
2001:
1941:Australian-Irish
1914:
1863:
1839:Hong Kong (HKSL)
1799:Portuguese (LGP)
1789:Eritrean (EriSL)
1722:
1641:
1599:
1537:
1421:
1404:
1366:
1359:
1352:
1343:
1217:
1210:
1203:
1194:
1113:
1112:
1110:
1108:
1089:
1083:
1082:
1080:
1078:
1050:
1044:
1043:
1041:
1039:
1019:
1013:
1012:
1011:
994:
879:
872:
822:
764:
737:
297:
296:
285:
204:
173:
157:
150:
121:
83:
76:
69:
65:
62:
56:
51:this article by
42:inline citations
29:
28:
21:
5501:
5500:
5496:
5495:
5494:
5492:
5491:
5490:
5471:
5470:
5469:
5464:
5449:
5440:
5418:
5412:
5398:Tactile signing
5347:
5316:
5245:
5218:
5197:
5173:Signed Japanese
5119:
5112:
5085:
5078:
5052:Stokoe notation
5030:
4932:
4892:Phonology (ASL)
4870:
4805:
4799:
4757:
4726:
4625:Argentine (LSA)
4610:
4442:
4265:New Costa Rican
4260:Old Costa Rican
4160:
4158:
4152:
4036:North Macedonia
3837:
3528:
3463:Bamako (LaSiMa)
3393:
3375:
3325:Other groupings
3320:
3172:Old Costa Rican
3147:Burkina (Mossi)
3127:Mauritian (MSL)
3000:Ghardaia (AJSL)
2913:Argentine (LSA)
2876:
2858:
2847:
2812:
2795:
2667:
2649:
2621:
2585:
2551:
2523:
2484:
2477:
2445:
2412:
2382:Danish (Tegnic)
2376:
2355:
2334:
2313:
2288:
2263:Yugoslavic Sign
2258:
2229:Bulgarian (ĐĐĐ)
2214:
2204:
2193:Greek (ÎÎÎ/ENG)
2178:
2168:Hoailona Ê»Ćlelo
2161:
2144:
2131:Bamako (LaSiMa)
2112:(Françafrosign)
2111:
2105:
2081:
2053:Malaysian (BIM)
1995:
1988:
1963:Valencian (LSV)
1899:
1890:Paraguay (LSPY)
1881:
1874:
1858:
1852:
1813:
1775:
1707:
1677:
1652:
1636:
1630:
1594:Arab (Ishaaric)
1584:
1563:
1535:
1448:Iltyeme iltyeme
1419:
1416:
1409:
1399:
1393:
1375:
1370:
1340:
1335:
1319:
1258:
1226:
1221:
1167:
1130:
1128:Further reading
1117:
1116:
1106:
1104:
1091:
1090:
1086:
1076:
1074:
1067:
1052:
1051:
1047:
1037:
1035:
1021:
1020:
1016:
1006:
995:
991:
986:
956:
943:
919:
903:
901:Standardisation
875:
790:. Instead, the
771:
758:
731:
693:
676:
667:
658:
649:
640:
543:
520:
354:(influenced by
353:
283:
278:
252:is used in the
191:
169:
153:
146:
136:
122:
119:Language family
117:
108:
107:Native speakers
92:
77:
66:
60:
57:
47:Please help to
46:
30:
26:
17:
12:
11:
5:
5499:
5497:
5489:
5488:
5486:Sign languages
5483:
5473:
5472:
5466:
5465:
5417:
5414:
5413:
5411:
5410:
5405:
5400:
5395:
5390:
5385:
5380:
5375:
5361:
5355:
5353:
5349:
5348:
5346:
5345:
5340:
5335:
5330:
5324:
5322:
5318:
5317:
5315:
5314:
5309:
5307:William Stokoe
5304:
5299:
5294:
5292:Valerie Sutton
5289:
5284:
5282:AbbĂ© de l'ĂpĂ©e
5279:
5274:
5269:
5264:
5259:
5253:
5251:
5247:
5246:
5244:
5243:
5238:
5232:
5230:
5224:
5223:
5220:
5219:
5217:
5216:
5211:
5205:
5203:
5199:
5198:
5196:
5195:
5193:Signed Swedish
5190:
5185:
5183:Signed Spanish
5180:
5175:
5170:
5168:Signed Italian
5165:
5160:
5155:
5150:
5145:
5140:
5135:
5130:
5124:
5122:
5114:
5113:
5111:
5110:
5105:
5100:
5094:
5088:
5080:
5079:
5077:
5076:
5064:
5059:
5054:
5049:
5044:
5038:
5036:
5032:
5031:
5029:
5028:
5023:
5018:
5013:
5011:Serbo-Croatian
5008:
5003:
4998:
4993:
4988:
4983:
4978:
4973:
4968:
4963:
4958:
4953:
4948:
4942:
4940:
4938:Fingerspelling
4934:
4933:
4931:
4930:
4925:
4920:
4915:
4894:
4889:
4884:
4878:
4876:
4872:
4871:
4869:
4868:
4863:
4858:
4853:
4848:
4843:
4838:
4833:
4828:
4823:
4818:
4813:
4809:
4807:
4801:
4800:
4798:
4797:
4792:
4787:
4782:
4777:
4771:
4769:
4763:
4762:
4759:
4758:
4756:
4755:
4750:
4745:
4740:
4734:
4732:
4728:
4727:
4725:
4724:
4719:
4716:
4711:
4708:
4703:
4698:
4693:
4690:
4685:
4682:
4677:
4674:
4669:
4664:
4661:
4656:
4653:
4648:
4643:
4638:
4635:
4630:
4627:
4622:
4618:
4616:
4612:
4611:
4609:
4608:
4603:
4600:
4595:
4590:
4585:
4580:
4575:
4570:
4565:
4560:
4557:
4552:
4549:
4544:
4541:
4536:
4531:
4526:
4524:Western Desert
4521:
4520:
4519:
4509:
4504:
4499:
4494:
4489:
4484:
4479:
4474:
4469:
4464:
4459:
4454:
4450:
4448:
4444:
4443:
4441:
4440:
4433:
4426:
4421:
4418:
4411:
4406:
4401:
4398:
4395:
4392:
4389:
4388:
4387:
4382:
4375:American (ASL)
4372:
4369:
4367:Old Salvadoran
4364:
4359:
4356:
4351:
4346:
4343:
4338:
4335:
4330:
4325:
4320:
4315:
4312:
4307:
4304:
4299:
4296:
4291:
4286:
4283:
4278:
4275:
4270:
4267:
4262:
4257:
4252:
4247:
4244:
4237:
4234:
4227:
4222:
4217:
4215:Maritime (MSL)
4212:
4207:
4204:
4201:
4198:
4197:
4196:
4191:
4184:American (ASL)
4181:
4178:
4173:
4170:
4164:
4162:
4154:
4153:
4151:
4150:
4145:
4142:
4137:
4132:
4130:Central Taurus
4127:
4124:
4119:
4116:
4111:
4108:
4103:
4098:
4093:
4090:
4085:
4082:
4077:
4074:
4069:
4066:
4061:
4058:
4053:
4050:
4045:
4042:
4037:
4034:
4029:
4026:
4021:
4018:
4013:
4010:
4005:
4002:
3997:
3994:
3989:
3986:
3981:
3978:
3973:
3970:
3965:
3962:
3957:
3954:
3949:
3946:
3941:
3936:
3931:
3928:
3923:
3920:
3915:
3912:
3907:
3902:
3899:
3894:
3891:
3886:
3885:United Kingdom
3883:
3881:French Belgian
3878:
3873:
3870:
3865:
3862:
3857:
3854:
3849:
3845:
3843:
3839:
3838:
3836:
3835:
3830:
3827:
3822:
3817:
3812:
3807:
3804:
3799:
3796:
3791:
3788:
3783:
3780:
3775:
3772:
3767:
3764:
3759:
3756:
3751:
3748:
3743:
3738:
3733:
3728:
3725:
3720:
3717:
3712:
3709:
3704:
3699:
3694:
3691:
3686:
3683:
3681:Kazakh-Russian
3678:
3675:
3670:
3667:
3662:
3657:
3652:
3649:
3644:
3639:
3634:
3629:
3626:
3621:
3616:
3613:
3608:
3605:
3600:
3595:
3592:
3587:
3585:Indo-Pakistani
3582:
3577:
3572:
3569:
3564:
3561:
3556:
3553:
3548:
3545:
3540:
3536:
3534:
3530:
3529:
3527:
3526:
3521:
3518:
3513:
3510:
3505:
3502:
3497:
3494:
3489:
3486:
3481:
3478:
3473:
3468:
3465:
3460:
3455:
3452:
3447:
3444:
3439:
3436:
3431:
3426:
3423:
3418:
3415:
3410:
3405:
3401:
3399:
3395:
3394:
3391:
3385:
3381:
3380:
3377:
3376:
3374:
3373:
3367:
3366:
3361:
3355:
3349:
3344:
3339:
3334:
3328:
3326:
3322:
3321:
3319:
3318:
3313:
3308:
3307:
3306:
3301:
3298:
3293:
3285:
3280:
3275:
3270:
3265:
3260:
3255:
3250:
3245:
3240:
3235:
3228:
3223:
3218:
3211:
3206:
3205:
3204:
3197:Peruvian (LSP)
3194:
3189:
3184:
3179:
3174:
3169:
3164:
3159:
3154:
3149:
3144:
3142:Miyakubo Shuwa
3139:
3134:
3129:
3124:
3119:
3114:
3109:
3104:
3099:
3096:
3091:
3090:
3089:
3079:
3074:
3069:
3064:
3059:
3054:
3049:
3044:
3043:
3042:
3037:
3029:
3028:
3027:
3019:
3012:
3007:
3002:
2997:
2992:
2987:
2982:
2980:Dogon/Douentza
2977:
2972:
2967:
2962:
2957:
2952:
2947:
2942:
2937:
2932:
2927:
2920:
2915:
2910:
2905:
2900:
2895:
2890:
2884:
2882:
2878:
2877:
2875:
2874:
2869:
2863:
2861:
2853:
2852:
2849:
2848:
2846:
2845:
2842:
2837:
2834:
2829:
2826:
2822:
2820:
2814:
2813:
2811:
2810:
2806:
2804:
2802:American (ASL)
2797:
2796:
2794:
2793:
2790:
2787:
2784:
2781:
2778:
2775:
2772:
2769:
2766:
2763:
2760:
2757:
2754:
2751:
2748:
2745:
2742:
2739:
2736:
2733:
2730:
2727:
2724:
2721:
2718:
2715:
2712:
2709:
2706:
2703:
2700:
2697:
2694:
2691:
2688:
2685:
2681:
2675:
2669:
2668:
2666:
2665:
2663:Namibian (NSL)
2659:
2657:
2651:
2650:
2648:
2647:
2642:
2637:
2631:
2629:
2623:
2622:
2620:
2619:
2618:
2617:
2614:
2611:
2608:
2605:
2599:
2595:
2593:
2587:
2586:
2584:
2583:
2582:
2581:
2569:
2561:
2559:
2553:
2552:
2550:
2549:
2544:
2539:
2533:
2531:
2525:
2524:
2522:
2521:
2518:
2515:
2510:
2507:
2504:
2501:
2496:
2493:
2489:
2487:
2483:Indo-Pakistani
2479:
2478:
2476:
2475:
2470:
2465:
2459:
2457:
2451:
2450:
2447:
2446:
2444:
2443:
2438:
2433:
2428:
2422:
2420:
2414:
2413:
2411:
2410:
2407:
2402:
2397:
2392:
2386:
2384:
2378:
2377:
2375:
2374:
2369:
2363:
2361:
2357:
2356:
2354:
2353:
2348:
2342:
2340:
2336:
2335:
2333:
2332:
2330:Tunisian (TSL)
2327:
2321:
2319:
2315:
2314:
2312:
2311:
2306:
2300:
2298:
2294:
2293:
2290:
2289:
2287:
2286:
2284:Yugoslav (YSL)
2281:
2278:
2275:
2272:
2270:Croatian (HZJ)
2266:
2264:
2260:
2259:
2257:
2256:
2251:
2246:
2241:
2236:
2231:
2225:
2223:
2216:
2210:
2209:
2206:
2205:
2203:
2202:
2201:
2200:
2189:
2187:
2180:
2179:
2177:
2176:
2172:
2170:
2163:
2162:
2160:
2159:
2155:
2153:
2146:
2145:
2143:
2142:
2141:Sierra Leonean
2139:
2136:
2133:
2128:
2125:
2122:
2119:
2115:
2113:
2107:
2106:
2104:
2103:
2102:
2101:
2098:
2089:
2087:
2083:
2082:
2080:
2079:
2074:
2069:
2066:
2064:Filipino (FSL)
2061:
2058:
2055:
2050:
2047:
2044:
2041:
2038:
2037:
2036:
2033:
2025:
2022:
2021:
2020:
2015:
2008:American (ASL)
2004:
1998:
1990:
1989:
1987:
1986:
1984:Romanian (LSR)
1981:
1980:
1979:
1967:
1966:
1965:
1955:
1950:
1945:
1944:
1943:
1933:
1928:
1923:
1921:Algerian (LSA)
1917:
1911:
1905:
1904:
1901:
1900:
1898:
1897:
1892:
1886:
1884:
1882:Uruguayan Sign
1876:
1875:
1873:
1872:
1870:Chilean (LSCh)
1866:
1860:
1859:Uruguayan Sign
1854:
1853:
1851:
1850:
1849:
1848:
1847:
1846:
1845:
1844:
1827:
1825:
1819:
1818:
1815:
1814:
1812:
1811:
1806:
1801:
1796:
1791:
1785:
1783:
1777:
1776:
1774:
1773:
1768:
1763:
1758:
1756:Maritime (MSL)
1753:
1750:
1749:
1748:
1738:
1737:
1736:
1725:
1719:
1713:
1712:
1709:
1708:
1706:
1705:
1700:
1695:
1689:
1687:
1683:
1682:
1679:
1678:
1676:
1675:
1672:
1669:
1666:
1662:
1660:
1654:
1653:
1651:
1650:
1644:
1638:
1632:
1631:
1629:
1628:
1623:
1621:Qatari Unified
1618:
1613:
1608:
1602:
1596:
1590:
1589:
1586:
1585:
1583:
1582:
1577:
1571:
1569:
1568:Zendath Kesign
1565:
1564:
1562:
1561:
1556:
1551:
1545:
1543:
1541:Western Desert
1534:
1533:
1528:
1523:
1520:
1518:Worora Kinship
1515:
1510:
1503:
1498:
1497:
1496:
1486:
1481:
1474:
1469:
1464:
1457:
1450:
1445:
1440:
1435:
1427:
1425:
1411:
1410:
1407:
1401:
1395:
1394:
1392:
1391:
1386:
1380:
1377:
1376:
1371:
1369:
1368:
1361:
1354:
1346:
1337:
1336:
1334:
1333:
1327:
1325:
1321:
1320:
1318:
1317:
1312:
1307:
1302:
1297:
1292:
1287:
1282:
1277:
1272:
1266:
1264:
1260:
1259:
1257:
1256:
1251:
1246:
1241:
1234:
1232:
1228:
1227:
1222:
1220:
1219:
1212:
1205:
1197:
1191:
1190:
1185:
1180:
1174:
1166:
1165:External links
1163:
1162:
1161:
1157:
1154:
1151:
1148:
1144:
1134:
1129:
1126:
1125:
1124:
1121:
1115:
1114:
1084:
1065:
1045:
1028:Neerlandistiek
1014:
988:
987:
985:
982:
981:
980:
972:
967:
962:
960:Fingerspelling
955:
952:
942:
939:
918:
915:
902:
899:
896:
895:
892:
886:
885:
882:
880:(1980âpresent)
866:
865:
859:
853:
852:
849:
843:
842:
839:
836:
830:
829:
826:
792:oralist method
770:
767:
748:Walloon church
702:
701:
698:
696:
695:
688:
686:
684:
682:
680:
678:
671:
669:
662:
660:
653:
651:
644:
642:
634:
633:
631:
629:
627:
624:
623:
621:
619:
617:
615:
613:
611:
609:
607:
605:
603:
601:
599:
597:
595:
593:
591:
589:
587:
585:
583:
581:
579:
577:
575:
573:
571:
569:
567:
565:
563:
561:
559:
556:
554:
553:
551:
549:
547:
545:
544:(c. 1780â1920)
538:
536:
534:
532:
530:
528:
526:
524:
522:
521:(c. 1790â2000)
515:
513:
511:
509:
507:
505:
503:
501:
499:
497:
495:
493:
490:
489:
487:
485:
483:
481:
479:
477:
475:
473:
471:
469:
467:
465:
463:
461:
459:
457:
455:
453:
451:
449:
447:
445:
443:
441:
439:
437:
435:
433:
431:
428:
427:
425:
423:
421:
419:
417:
415:
413:
411:
409:
407:
405:
403:
401:
399:
397:
395:
393:
391:
389:
387:
385:
383:
381:
379:
377:
375:
373:
371:
368:
366:
365:
363:
361:
359:
348:
346:
344:
342:
340:
338:
336:
334:
332:
330:
327:
325:
324:
322:
320:
318:
316:
314:
312:
310:
308:
306:
304:
302:
300:
293:
292:
282:
279:
277:
274:
250:Dutch language
187:
186:
181:
175:
174:
167:
159:
158:
151:
143:
142:
141:Language codes
138:
137:
135:
134:
125:
123:
116:
113:
112:
109:
106:
103:
102:
99:
98:Native to
95:
94:
88:
87:
79:
78:
33:
31:
24:
15:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
5498:
5487:
5484:
5482:
5479:
5478:
5476:
5462:
5458:
5454:
5453:
5448:
5445:
5444:
5437:
5433:
5429:
5423:
5422:
5415:
5409:
5406:
5404:
5401:
5399:
5396:
5394:
5391:
5389:
5386:
5384:
5381:
5379:
5376:
5373:
5369:
5365:
5362:
5360:
5357:
5356:
5354:
5352:Miscellaneous
5350:
5344:
5341:
5339:
5336:
5334:
5331:
5329:
5326:
5325:
5323:
5321:Organisations
5319:
5313:
5310:
5308:
5305:
5303:
5300:
5298:
5295:
5293:
5290:
5288:
5285:
5283:
5280:
5278:
5277:Laurent Clerc
5275:
5273:
5270:
5268:
5267:PĂ€r Aron Borg
5265:
5263:
5260:
5258:
5255:
5254:
5252:
5248:
5242:
5239:
5237:
5234:
5233:
5231:
5229:
5225:
5215:
5212:
5210:
5207:
5206:
5204:
5200:
5194:
5191:
5189:
5186:
5184:
5181:
5179:
5178:Signed Polish
5176:
5174:
5171:
5169:
5166:
5164:
5163:Signed German
5161:
5159:
5158:Signed French
5156:
5154:
5151:
5149:
5146:
5144:
5141:
5139:
5136:
5134:
5131:
5129:
5126:
5125:
5123:
5121:
5115:
5109:
5106:
5104:
5101:
5099:
5096:
5095:
5092:
5089:
5087:
5081:
5073:
5068:
5065:
5063:
5060:
5058:
5055:
5053:
5050:
5048:
5045:
5043:
5040:
5039:
5037:
5033:
5027:
5024:
5022:
5019:
5017:
5014:
5012:
5009:
5007:
5004:
5002:
4999:
4997:
4994:
4992:
4989:
4987:
4984:
4982:
4979:
4977:
4974:
4972:
4969:
4967:
4964:
4962:
4959:
4957:
4954:
4952:
4949:
4947:
4944:
4943:
4941:
4939:
4935:
4929:
4926:
4924:
4921:
4919:
4916:
4914:
4910:
4906:
4902:
4898:
4895:
4893:
4890:
4888:
4885:
4883:
4882:Grammar (ASL)
4880:
4879:
4877:
4873:
4867:
4864:
4862:
4859:
4857:
4854:
4852:
4849:
4847:
4844:
4842:
4839:
4837:
4834:
4832:
4829:
4827:
4824:
4822:
4819:
4817:
4814:
4811:
4810:
4808:
4802:
4796:
4793:
4791:
4788:
4786:
4783:
4781:
4778:
4776:
4773:
4772:
4770:
4768:
4764:
4754:
4751:
4749:
4746:
4744:
4741:
4739:
4736:
4735:
4733:
4731:International
4729:
4723:
4720:
4717:
4715:
4712:
4709:
4707:
4704:
4702:
4699:
4697:
4694:
4691:
4689:
4686:
4683:
4681:
4678:
4675:
4673:
4670:
4668:
4665:
4662:
4660:
4657:
4654:
4652:
4649:
4647:
4644:
4642:
4639:
4636:
4634:
4631:
4628:
4626:
4623:
4620:
4619:
4617:
4615:South America
4613:
4607:
4604:
4601:
4599:
4596:
4594:
4591:
4589:
4588:Rossel Island
4586:
4584:
4581:
4579:
4578:Mount Avejaha
4576:
4574:
4571:
4569:
4566:
4564:
4561:
4558:
4556:
4553:
4550:
4548:
4545:
4542:
4540:
4537:
4535:
4532:
4530:
4527:
4525:
4522:
4518:
4515:
4514:
4513:
4510:
4508:
4505:
4503:
4500:
4498:
4495:
4493:
4490:
4488:
4485:
4483:
4480:
4478:
4475:
4473:
4470:
4468:
4465:
4463:
4460:
4458:
4455:
4452:
4451:
4449:
4445:
4439:
4438:
4434:
4432:
4431:
4427:
4425:
4424:Navajo Family
4422:
4419:
4417:
4416:
4412:
4410:
4407:
4405:
4402:
4399:
4396:
4393:
4390:
4386:
4383:
4381:
4378:
4377:
4376:
4373:
4371:United States
4370:
4368:
4365:
4363:
4360:
4357:
4355:
4352:
4350:
4347:
4344:
4342:
4339:
4336:
4334:
4331:
4329:
4326:
4324:
4321:
4319:
4316:
4313:
4311:
4308:
4305:
4303:
4300:
4297:
4295:
4292:
4290:
4287:
4284:
4282:
4279:
4276:
4274:
4271:
4268:
4266:
4263:
4261:
4258:
4256:
4253:
4251:
4248:
4245:
4243:
4242:
4238:
4235:
4233:
4232:
4228:
4226:
4223:
4221:
4218:
4216:
4213:
4211:
4208:
4205:
4202:
4199:
4195:
4192:
4190:
4187:
4186:
4185:
4182:
4179:
4177:
4174:
4171:
4169:
4166:
4165:
4163:
4155:
4149:
4146:
4143:
4141:
4138:
4136:
4133:
4131:
4128:
4125:
4123:
4120:
4117:
4115:
4112:
4109:
4107:
4104:
4102:
4099:
4097:
4094:
4091:
4089:
4086:
4083:
4081:
4078:
4075:
4073:
4070:
4067:
4065:
4062:
4059:
4057:
4054:
4051:
4049:
4046:
4043:
4041:
4038:
4035:
4033:
4030:
4027:
4025:
4022:
4019:
4017:
4014:
4011:
4009:
4006:
4003:
4001:
3998:
3995:
3993:
3990:
3987:
3985:
3982:
3979:
3977:
3974:
3971:
3969:
3966:
3963:
3961:
3958:
3955:
3953:
3950:
3947:
3945:
3942:
3940:
3937:
3935:
3932:
3929:
3927:
3924:
3921:
3919:
3916:
3913:
3911:
3908:
3906:
3903:
3900:
3898:
3895:
3892:
3890:
3887:
3884:
3882:
3879:
3877:
3874:
3871:
3869:
3866:
3863:
3861:
3858:
3855:
3853:
3850:
3847:
3846:
3844:
3840:
3834:
3831:
3828:
3826:
3823:
3821:
3818:
3816:
3813:
3811:
3808:
3805:
3803:
3800:
3797:
3795:
3792:
3789:
3787:
3784:
3781:
3779:
3776:
3773:
3771:
3768:
3765:
3763:
3760:
3757:
3755:
3752:
3749:
3747:
3744:
3742:
3739:
3737:
3734:
3732:
3729:
3726:
3724:
3721:
3718:
3716:
3713:
3710:
3708:
3705:
3703:
3700:
3698:
3695:
3692:
3690:
3687:
3684:
3682:
3679:
3676:
3674:
3671:
3668:
3666:
3663:
3661:
3658:
3656:
3653:
3650:
3648:
3645:
3643:
3640:
3638:
3635:
3633:
3630:
3627:
3625:
3622:
3620:
3617:
3614:
3612:
3609:
3606:
3604:
3601:
3599:
3596:
3593:
3591:
3588:
3586:
3583:
3581:
3578:
3576:
3573:
3570:
3568:
3565:
3562:
3560:
3557:
3554:
3552:
3549:
3546:
3544:
3541:
3538:
3537:
3535:
3531:
3525:
3522:
3519:
3517:
3514:
3511:
3509:
3506:
3503:
3501:
3500:South African
3498:
3495:
3493:
3490:
3487:
3485:
3482:
3479:
3477:
3474:
3472:
3469:
3466:
3464:
3461:
3459:
3456:
3453:
3451:
3448:
3445:
3443:
3440:
3437:
3435:
3432:
3430:
3427:
3424:
3422:
3419:
3416:
3414:
3411:
3409:
3406:
3403:
3402:
3400:
3396:
3389:
3386:
3382:
3372:
3369:
3368:
3365:
3362:
3359:
3356:
3353:
3350:
3348:
3345:
3343:
3340:
3338:
3335:
3333:
3330:
3329:
3327:
3323:
3317:
3314:
3312:
3311:Yoruban (YSL)
3309:
3305:
3302:
3299:
3297:
3296:Bura (Burasl)
3294:
3292:
3289:
3288:
3287:West African
3286:
3284:
3281:
3279:
3276:
3274:
3273:Ugandan (USL)
3271:
3269:
3268:Turkish (TÄ°D)
3266:
3264:
3261:
3259:
3256:
3254:
3253:Spanish (LSE)
3251:
3249:
3246:
3244:
3241:
3239:
3236:
3234:
3233:
3229:
3227:
3224:
3222:
3221:Rossel Island
3219:
3217:
3216:
3212:
3210:
3209:Qahveh Khaneh
3207:
3203:
3200:
3199:
3198:
3195:
3193:
3190:
3188:
3185:
3183:
3180:
3178:
3175:
3173:
3170:
3168:
3165:
3163:
3160:
3158:
3155:
3153:
3152:Mount Avejaha
3150:
3148:
3145:
3143:
3140:
3138:
3135:
3133:
3130:
3128:
3125:
3123:
3120:
3118:
3115:
3113:
3112:Maltese (LSM)
3110:
3108:
3105:
3103:
3100:
3097:
3095:
3092:
3088:
3085:
3084:
3083:
3080:
3078:
3075:
3073:
3070:
3068:
3065:
3063:
3060:
3058:
3055:
3053:
3050:
3048:
3045:
3041:
3038:
3036:
3035:Atgangmuurniq
3033:
3032:
3030:
3025:
3024:
3023:
3020:
3018:
3017:
3013:
3011:
3010:Guinea-Bissau
3008:
3006:
3003:
3001:
2998:
2996:
2993:
2991:
2988:
2986:
2983:
2981:
2978:
2976:
2973:
2971:
2968:
2966:
2963:
2961:
2958:
2956:
2953:
2951:
2948:
2946:
2943:
2941:
2938:
2936:
2933:
2931:
2928:
2926:
2925:
2921:
2919:
2916:
2914:
2911:
2909:
2906:
2904:
2901:
2899:
2896:
2894:
2891:
2889:
2886:
2885:
2883:
2879:
2873:
2870:
2868:
2865:
2864:
2862:
2860:
2854:
2843:
2841:
2838:
2835:
2833:
2830:
2827:
2824:
2823:
2821:
2819:
2815:
2808:
2807:
2805:
2803:
2798:
2791:
2788:
2785:
2782:
2779:
2776:
2773:
2770:
2767:
2764:
2761:
2758:
2755:
2752:
2749:
2746:
2743:
2740:
2737:
2734:
2731:
2728:
2725:
2722:
2719:
2716:
2713:
2710:
2707:
2704:
2701:
2698:
2695:
2692:
2689:
2686:
2683:
2682:
2679:
2676:
2674:
2670:
2664:
2661:
2660:
2658:
2656:
2652:
2646:
2643:
2641:
2638:
2636:
2633:
2632:
2630:
2628:
2624:
2616:Cepeda Peraza
2615:
2612:
2609:
2606:
2603:
2602:
2600:
2598:Highland Maya
2597:
2596:
2594:
2592:
2588:
2580:
2579:
2575:
2574:
2573:
2570:
2568:
2567:
2563:
2562:
2560:
2558:
2554:
2548:
2545:
2543:
2540:
2538:
2535:
2534:
2532:
2530:
2529:Japanese Sign
2526:
2519:
2516:
2514:
2511:
2508:
2505:
2502:
2500:
2497:
2494:
2491:
2490:
2488:
2486:
2480:
2474:
2471:
2469:
2466:
2464:
2461:
2460:
2458:
2456:
2452:
2442:
2439:
2437:
2434:
2432:
2429:
2427:
2424:
2423:
2421:
2419:
2415:
2408:
2406:
2403:
2401:
2398:
2396:
2393:
2391:
2388:
2387:
2385:
2383:
2379:
2373:
2370:
2368:
2367:Flemish (VGT)
2365:
2364:
2362:
2358:
2352:
2349:
2347:
2346:Mexican (LSM)
2344:
2343:
2341:
2337:
2331:
2328:
2326:
2325:Italian (LIS)
2323:
2322:
2320:
2316:
2310:
2307:
2305:
2302:
2301:
2299:
2295:
2285:
2282:
2279:
2276:
2273:
2271:
2268:
2267:
2265:
2261:
2255:
2254:Russian (Đ ĐĐŻ)
2252:
2250:
2247:
2245:
2244:Latvian (LSL)
2242:
2240:
2237:
2235:
2232:
2230:
2227:
2226:
2224:
2220:
2217:
2211:
2199:
2196:
2195:
2194:
2191:
2190:
2188:
2186:
2181:
2174:
2173:
2171:
2169:
2164:
2157:
2156:
2154:
2152:
2147:
2140:
2137:
2134:
2132:
2129:
2126:
2123:
2120:
2117:
2116:
2114:
2108:
2099:
2096:
2095:
2094:
2091:
2090:
2088:
2084:
2078:
2075:
2073:
2070:
2067:
2065:
2062:
2059:
2056:
2054:
2051:
2048:
2045:
2042:
2039:
2034:
2031:
2030:
2029:
2026:
2023:
2019:
2016:
2014:
2011:
2010:
2009:
2006:
2005:
2002:
1999:
1997:
1991:
1985:
1982:
1978:
1977:
1973:
1972:
1971:
1968:
1964:
1961:
1960:
1959:
1958:Catalan (LSC)
1956:
1954:
1951:
1949:
1946:
1942:
1939:
1938:
1937:
1934:
1932:
1929:
1927:
1924:
1922:
1919:
1918:
1915:
1912:
1910:
1906:
1896:
1895:Uruguay (LSU)
1893:
1891:
1888:
1887:
1885:
1883:
1877:
1871:
1868:
1867:
1864:
1861:
1855:
1842:
1841:
1840:
1837:
1836:
1834:
1833:
1832:
1829:
1828:
1826:
1824:
1820:
1810:
1807:
1805:
1802:
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1797:
1795:
1792:
1790:
1787:
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1784:
1782:
1778:
1772:
1769:
1767:
1764:
1762:
1759:
1757:
1754:
1751:
1747:
1744:
1743:
1742:
1741:British (BSL)
1739:
1735:
1732:
1731:
1730:
1727:
1726:
1723:
1720:
1718:
1714:
1704:
1701:
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1597:
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1591:
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1578:
1576:
1573:
1572:
1570:
1566:
1560:
1559:Ngaatjatjarra
1557:
1555:
1552:
1550:
1547:
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1542:
1538:
1532:
1529:
1527:
1524:
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1436:
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1426:
1418:
1412:
1405:
1402:
1396:
1390:
1387:
1385:
1382:
1381:
1378:
1374:
1373:Sign language
1367:
1362:
1360:
1355:
1353:
1348:
1347:
1344:
1332:
1329:
1328:
1326:
1324:Sign language
1322:
1316:
1313:
1311:
1308:
1306:
1303:
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1298:
1296:
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1291:
1288:
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1268:
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1261:
1255:
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1225:
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1206:
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1199:
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1189:
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1169:
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1143:
1139:
1135:
1132:
1131:
1127:
1122:
1119:
1118:
1102:
1098:
1094:
1093:"Gebarentaal"
1088:
1085:
1072:
1068:
1066:9781501510045
1062:
1058:
1057:
1049:
1046:
1033:
1029:
1025:
1018:
1015:
1010:
1004:
1003:
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983:
978:
977:
973:
971:
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961:
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951:
949:
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938:
936:
932:
928:
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916:
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888:
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883:
878:
871:
868:
867:
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848:
845:
844:
835:
832:
831:
824:
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820:
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806:
801:
797:
793:
789:
780:
775:
768:
766:
762:
757:
753:
749:
745:
742:, studied in
741:
735:
730:
726:
722:
717:
713:
709:
697:
692:
675:
666:
657:
648:
639:
635:
632:
628:
626:
625:
590:
588:
586:
584:
582:
557:
555:
542:
519:
491:
488:
480:
478:
470:
468:
456:
454:
442:
440:
432:
430:
429:
424:
396:
394:
374:
372:
369:
367:
357:
352:
328:
326:
298:
295:
294:
290:
287:
286:
280:
275:
273:
271:
267:
263:
259:
255:
251:
246:
244:
240:
239:sign language
236:
232:
228:
224:
220:
216:
209:
185:
182:
180:
176:
172:
168:
166:
165:
160:
156:
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149:
144:
139:
133:
130:
129:
128:
124:
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114:
110:
104:
100:
96:
89:
84:
75:
72:
64:
54:
50:
44:
43:
37:
32:
23:
22:
19:
5456:
5450:
5441:
5439:
5419:
5236:Films (list)
5153:Signed Dutch
5098:Contact sign
4543:Hawaii (USA)
4436:
4429:
4414:
4239:
4230:
4122:Swiss-German
4031:
3758:Saudi Arabia
3496:South Africa
3230:
3213:
3087:Somali (SSL)
3014:
2922:
2857:Providenciaâ
2836:Nesilextcl'n
2809:Oneida (OSL)
2771:Tickanwaâątic
2759:Schitsu'umsh
2741:NĆłmÄ
ÌkhĆłÌ·ki
2655:Paget Gorman
2576:
2571:
2564:
2556:
2520:Punjab-Sindh
2468:Polish (PJM)
2463:German (DGS)
2339:Mexican Sign
2318:Italian Sign
2303:
2222:Russian Sign
2185:French (LSF)
2158:Oneida (OSL)
2072:Quebec (LSQ)
2057:Oneida (OSL)
1974:
1970:French (LSF)
1823:Chinese Sign
1781:Swedish Sign
1505:
1476:
1459:
1452:
1430:
1330:
1263:Non-official
1249:West Frisian
1105:. Retrieved
1099:(in Dutch).
1096:
1087:
1075:. Retrieved
1055:
1048:
1036:. Retrieved
1030:(in Dutch).
1027:
1017:
1000:
992:
974:
944:
920:
910:
907:Signed Dutch
904:
784:
705:
673:
247:
234:
230:
226:
214:
213:
162:
131:
67:
61:October 2020
58:
39:
18:
5378:Open Outcry
5302:Abbé Sicard
5287:Roger Fouts
5118:Signed Oral
5057:SignWriting
4905:Orientation
4875:Linguistics
4856:Pitha Pitha
4551:New Zealand
4487:Manjiljarra
4358:El Salvador
4118:Switzerland
4028:Netherlands
3868:Azerbaijani
3810:Old Bangkok
3750:Philippines
3438:Ivory Coast
3232:Sandy River
2970:Cuban (LSC)
2859:Cayman Sign
2708:Hinono'eino
2699:Coahuilteco
2684:Anishinaabe
2645:Old Bangkok
2566:Old Kentish
2495:Beluchistan
2455:German Sign
2436:Ho Chi Minh
2360:Old Belgian
2304:Dutch (NGT)
2043:Costa Rican
1936:Irish (ISL)
1880:Paraguayan-
1671:Palestinian
1554:Manjiljarra
1549:Kartutjarra
1484:Rdaka rdaka
1478:Pitha Pitha
1300:Minangkabau
917:Recognition
873:(1926â2000)
796:lip reading
759: [
732: [
358:c. 1760â89)
254:Netherlands
243:Netherlands
208:Netherlands
127:French Sign
101:Netherlands
53:introducing
5475:Categories
5403:Protactile
5042:ASL-phabet
5026:Portuguese
4928:Sign names
4913:Expression
4841:Old French
4826:Kalkutungu
4795:Name signs
4785:Literature
4722:Venezuelan
4696:Inmaculada
4688:Paraguayan
4680:Ecuadorian
4534:Yir Yoront
4385:Protactile
4362:Salvadoran
4354:Panamanian
4341:Nicaraguan
4318:Albarradas
4289:Guatemalan
4246:Costa Rica
4241:Old Cayman
4194:Protactile
4072:Portuguese
4040:Macedonian
4016:Lithuanian
3864:Azerbaijan
3833:Vietnamese
3790:Tajikistan
3778:Sri Lankan
3677:Kazakhstan
3647:Kafr Qasem
3598:Indonesian
3300:Mofu-Gudur
3238:Salvadoran
3215:Rennellese
3202:Inmaculada
3157:Mozambican
3107:Macedonian
3077:Kata Kolok
3067:Kafr Qasim
3026:Creole HSL
2777:Tsuu T'ina
2738:NiitsĂtapi
2732:Ni Mii Puu
2723:Maagiadawa
2687:ApsĂĄalooke
2613:Trascorral
2297:Dutch Sign
2100:Yogyakarta
2060:Panamanian
2018:Protactile
1976:Old French
1953:Lithuanian
1909:Francosign
1526:Yir Yoront
1513:Warramunga
1461:Kalkutungu
1417:Aboriginal
1415:Australian
1290:Limburgish
1280:Indonesian
1254:Papiamento
1240:(national)
1107:19 October
1077:19 October
1002:Ethnologue
984:References
877:Zoetermeer
738:, born in
36:references
5459:indicate
5120:Languages
5021:Ukrainian
4981:Hungarian
4966:Esperanto
4897:Handshape
4866:Warluwara
4806:languages
4790:Profanity
4753:Signalong
4718:Venezuela
4714:Uruguayan
4667:Colombian
4621:Argentina
4492:Warlmanpa
4453:Australia
4391:Blackfeet
4380:Black ASL
4337:Nicaragua
4285:Guatemala
4277:Greenland
4200:Blackfoot
4189:Black ASL
4157:North and
4148:Ukrainian
4106:Valencian
4088:Slovenian
4056:Norwegian
4012:Lithuania
3976:Icelandic
3968:Hungarian
3815:Chiangmai
3786:Taiwanese
3774:Sri Lanka
3770:Singapore
3766:Singapore
3723:Mongolian
3697:Malaysian
3594:Indonesia
3563:Hong Kong
3551:Cambodian
3508:Tanzanian
3384:By region
2940:Bhutanese
2735:NiimĂipuu
2717:Karankawa
2640:Hai Phong
2635:Chiangmai
2426:Hai Phong
2418:Viet-Thai
2280:Slovenian
2249:Mongolian
2215:Hungarian
2151:Hand Talk
2118:Ethiopian
2046:Dominican
2040:Cambodian
1835:Shanghai
1665:Jordanian
1658:Levantine
1637:Levantine
1522:Yan-nhaĆu
1507:Warluwara
1501:Warlmanpa
1467:Miriwoong
1305:Ripuarian
1295:Low Saxon
979:(journal)
941:Education
890:Rotterdam
847:Groningen
834:Amsterdam
809:Amsterdam
805:Rotterdam
752:Groningen
727:preacher
712:Parisians
164:Glottolog
148:ISO 639-3
5108:Mouthing
5084:Language
5067:ASLwrite
4991:Japanese
4946:American
4918:Mouthing
4909:Movement
4901:Location
4846:Old Kent
4812:Chilmark
4748:Monastic
4701:Peruvian
4684:Paraguay
4672:Provisle
4663:Colombia
4633:Bolivian
4593:Sinasina
4437:Henniker
4397:Cheyenne
4349:Chiriqui
4310:Honduran
4306:Honduras
4176:Belizean
4084:Slovenia
4068:Portugal
3934:Ghardaia
3918:Estonian
3897:Croatian
3860:Austrian
3852:Armenian
3806:Thailand
3754:Filipino
3746:Nepalese
3731:Ghandruk
3719:Mongolia
3715:Maldives
3711:Maldives
3707:Selangor
3693:Malaysia
3665:Miyakubo
3655:Japanese
3637:Ghardaia
3547:Cambodia
3504:Tanzania
3417:Cameroon
3413:Ghardaia
3408:Algerian
3243:Sinasina
3016:Henniker
2995:Ghandruk
2935:Belizean
2918:Armenian
2881:Isolates
2828:Kalispel
2825:A'aninin
2783:Wazhazhe
2780:Umatilla
2762:Shiwinna
2753:Piipaash
2702:Dane-zaa
2696:Cheyenne
2601:Yucatec
2572:Chilmark
2506:Calcutta
2390:Malagasy
2234:Georgian
2138:Nigerian
2135:Moroccan
2124:Ghanaian
2049:Jamaican
2035:Mandalay
2024:Bolivian
1994:American
1686:Possible
1668:Lebanese
1606:Egyptian
1472:Mudburra
1438:Djingili
1400:families
1398:Language
1285:Javanese
1270:Ambonese
1231:Official
1101:Archived
1071:Archived
1038:14 April
1032:Archived
954:See also
870:Voorburg
813:Voorburg
744:Franeker
258:Flanders
171:dutc1253
5457:Italics
5408:Tic-tac
5250:Persons
5086:contact
5035:Writing
5016:Spanish
5006:Russian
4961:Chilean
4956:Catalan
4821:Jaralde
4804:Extinct
4775:Grammar
4743:Makaton
4710:Uruguay
4676:Ecuador
4659:Chilean
4651:Ka'apor
4629:Bolivia
4447:Oceania
4333:Mexican
4323:Chatino
4302:Haitian
4231:Plateau
4161:America
4159:Central
4144:Ukraine
4140:Turkish
4114:Swedish
4101:Spanish
4096:Catalan
4080:Russian
4024:Russian
4020:Moldova
4008:Latvian
3992:Italian
3980:Ireland
3972:Iceland
3964:Hungary
3948:Germany
3926:Finnish
3922:Finland
3914:Estonia
3901:Denmark
3893:Croatia
3889:British
3876:Flemish
3872:Belgium
3856:Austria
3848:Armenia
3829:Vietnam
3794:Russian
3736:Jhankot
3689:Laotian
3642:Israeli
3624:Kurdish
3611:Persian
3580:Bengali
3559:Chinese
3543:Bengali
3524:Zambian
3516:Ugandan
3480:Senegal
3467:Nigeria
3434:Nanabin
3404:Algeria
3316:Zambian
3192:Persian
3098:Kisindo
3057:Ka'apor
3047:Jhankot
2965:Chatino
2818:Plateau
2800:Mixed,
2792:Wyandot
2786:Wichita
2774:ThĂĄumgĂĄ
2756:PpĂĄâżkka
2744:NÊmÊnÊÊ
2720:Liksiyu
2711:HiraacĂĄ
2690:Arikara
2557:Kentish
2499:Bengali
2409:TeknmĂĄl
2309:Gambian
2277:Serbian
2274:Kosovar
2213:Austro-
2183:Mixed,
2166:Mixed,
2149:Mixed,
2127:Guinean
2121:Chadian
2097:Jakarta
2028:Burmese
1996:(ASLic)
1693:Emirati
1611:Kuwaiti
1454:Jaralde
1315:Yiddish
1244:English
1097:Doof.nl
825:Region
725:Walloon
281:Origins
276:History
49:improve
5372:Loulis
5368:Washoe
5202:Others
5001:Polish
4996:Korean
4976:German
4971:French
4816:Diyari
4780:Idioms
4637:Brazil
4606:Samoan
4568:Kailge
4512:Umpila
4457:Auslan
4420:Navajo
4404:Oneida
4400:Ojibwa
4345:Panama
4314:Mexico
4255:Brunca
4250:Bribri
4236:Cayman
4220:Quebec
4210:Oneida
4206:Ojibwa
4180:Canada
4172:Belize
4135:Mardin
4126:Turkey
4110:Sweden
4076:Russia
4064:Polish
4060:Poland
4052:Norway
4004:Latvia
3996:Kosovo
3956:Greece
3952:German
3939:French
3930:France
3905:Danish
3842:Europe
3782:Taiwan
3702:Penang
3673:Korean
3660:Koniya
3628:Israel
3575:Alipur
3539:Bengal
3520:Zambia
3512:Uganda
3492:Somali
3450:Kenyan
3421:Maroua
3398:Africa
3354:(~150)
3187:Penang
3132:M'bour
3122:Mardin
3072:Kailge
3062:Kajana
3031:Inuit
2955:Brunca
2950:Bribri
2908:Alipur
2888:Afghan
2844:Sqeliz
2729:Nakota
2607:Nohkop
2604:ChicĂĄn
2513:Nepali
2503:Bombay
2032:Yangon
1766:Samoan
1752:Fijian
1729:Auslan
1717:BANZSL
1674:Syrian
1635:Iraqiâ
1626:Yemeni
1616:Libyan
1575:Meriam
1489:Umpila
1432:Diyari
1310:Romani
1275:Arabic
1147:45â67.
1063:
800:larynx
779:larynx
740:Blegny
356:l'Epée
38:, but
5228:Media
4986:Irish
4706:Sivia
4655:Chile
4598:Wanib
4573:Mehek
4539:YolĆu
4507:Ngada
4328:Mayan
4298:Haiti
4294:Mayan
4273:Cuban
4092:Spain
4032:Dutch
3988:Italy
3984:Irish
3960:Greek
3944:Lyons
3798:Tibet
3762:Saudi
3741:Jumla
3727:Nepal
3669:Korea
3651:Japan
3619:Iraqi
3571:India
3555:China
3484:Mbour
3458:Tebul
3446:Kenya
3425:Ghana
3283:Wanib
3258:Tebul
3248:Sivia
3137:Mehek
3052:Jumla
2765:Sioux
2750:Palus
2747:Omaha
2610:Nohya
2509:Delhi
2431:Hanoi
1843:Macau
1703:Omani
1698:Saudi
1648:Iraqi
1531:YolĆu
1238:Dutch
1160:jaar.
763:]
736:]
291:tree
219:Dutch
5430:and
5062:si5s
4692:Peru
4646:Cena
4563:Enga
4394:Cree
4269:Cuba
4203:Cree
3820:Thai
3685:Laos
3615:Iraq
3607:Iran
3590:Naga
3533:Asia
3471:Bura
3454:Mali
3360:(7+)
3162:Naga
2990:Enga
2960:Cena
2768:Taos
2714:IcÄk
2705:Diné
2485:Sign
1109:2020
1079:2020
1061:ISBN
1040:2020
929:and
927:PvdA
815:and
256:and
5432:BSL
5428:ASL
4767:ASL
1138:doi
999:at
923:D66
750:of
235:SLN
233:or
227:NGT
225:or
179:ELP
155:dse
5477::
5452:^c
5443:^b
5438:.
5421:^a
5370:,
4911:/
4907:/
4903:/
4899:/
1095:.
1069:.
1026:.
931:CU
925:,
819:.
811:,
807:,
761:nl
734:nl
245:.
229:;
221::
5463:.
5374:)
5366:(
5075:)
5069:(
1424:)
1420:(
1365:e
1358:t
1351:v
1216:e
1209:t
1202:v
1140::
1111:.
1081:.
1042:.
909:(
217:(
210:.
74:)
68:(
63:)
59:(
45:.
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