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screens during, and prior to, the Nazi era. By 1949, expectations for scripts were codified around a small number of topics, such as "distribution of land" or "the two-year plan". As in the Soviet Union, the excessive control placed by the state on authors of screenplays, as against other literary works, discouraged many competent writers from contributing to East German film. Screenwriters could find their efforts rejected for ideological reasons at any stage in script development, if not from the outset. As a result, between 1948 and 1953, when Stalin died, the entire film output for East
Germany, excluding newsreels and non-theatrical educational films, amounted to fewer than 50 titles.
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57:
482:. In 2004, a private consortium acquired the studios. The films produced at the DEFA studios after World War II included approximately 950 feature films, 820 animated films, more than 5,800 documentaries and newsreels, and 4,000 foreign language movies dubbed into German, which were acquired by the privatized successor to the former East German film distribution monopoly,
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took hold at DEFA, the definition of desirable and acceptable themes for films became narrower. In June 1947, a film writer's conference held in
Potsdam produced general agreement that the "new" German cinema would disavow both subjects and stylistic elements reminiscent of those seen on German
259:, in their zones of occupation, viewed a rapid revival of a German film industry with suspicion, the Soviets valued the medium as a primary means of re-educating the German populace as it emerged from twelve years of
344:
and
Aleksandr Wolkenstein joined Lindemann, Bergmann and Volkmann on the board of directors, and a committee was established under the auspices of the Socialist Unity Party to review projects and screen
556:
In 2019, Progress was acquired by LOOKSfilm. Since April 1, 2019, the entire film heritage of the GDR has been made internationally accessible and licensable on the
Progress Film archive platform.
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371:. In December, the death of Trauberg and the resignation of Wolkenstein resulted in two more Soviets in their stead, Aleksandr Andriyevsky and Leonid Antonov.
404:
336:
On 14 July 1947, the company officially moved its headquarters to the
Babelsberg Studio, and on 13 November 1947, the company's "stock" was taken over by the
972:
Beutelschmidt, Thomas (2013). "GrenzĂĽberschreitung intern". In
Michael Wedel, Michael; Byg, Barton; Räder, Andy; Arndt-Briggs, Skyler; Torner, Evan (eds.).
356:. In October 1948, the SED was instrumental in replacing Janka, Volkmann and Bergmann as corporate directors with official party members Wilhelm Meissner,
292:
as administrative
Secretary. Klering, a former graphic designer, also designed DEFA's logo. On 13 August 1946, the company was officially registered as a
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In 1948, the division of
Germany into zones controlled by the Soviet Union and by the Western Allies came into effect. The SED eventually became openly
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In July 1948, Lindemann was dismissed from the board of directors because of alleged "financial irregularities" and replaced briefly by
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288:) nine days earlier. The original board of directors consisted of Alfred Lindemann, Karl Hans Bergmann, and Herbert Volkmann, with
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390:(East Germany). Ownership of DEFA as well as all DEFA assets were transferred to the newly created state. On 23 June 1950,
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In 1992, after German reunification, DEFA was officially dissolved and its combined studios sold to a French conglomerate,
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by the DEFA Film
Studios from 1953 to 1964. The short films were meant to be shown in film theatres preceding the
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Preuss, Evelyn. "'You Say You Want a
Revolution': East German Film at the Crossroads between the Cinemas." In
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DEFA-Studio für populärwissenschaftliche Filme in Potsdam, Alt-Nowawes (studio for educational films)
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386:(commonly known as West Germany), and on 7 October 1949, the Soviet zone officially became the
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Many well-known East German directors and actors contributed to the film series, including
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or SED, which had originally capitalized DEFA, and pro-Soviet German individuals. Soviets
318:
302:
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DEFA-Kopierwerke in Berlin-Köpenick and Berlin-Johannisthal (factory for movie copying)
309:). By the end of the year, in addition to the Staudte film, it had completed two other
877:
832:
534:
456:
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546:
368:
341:
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Justus Liebig University Giessen (October 27–28, 1997). Retrieved 29 November 2011
736:
Zwischen Regie und Regime: die Filmpolitik der SED im Spiegel der DEFA-Produktionen
724:
edited by Christina Gerhardt and Marco Abel, 218-236. Rochester, NY: Boydell, 2019.
507:
383:
353:
310:
289:
202:
974:
DEFA international: GrenzĂĽberschreitende Filmbeziehungen vor und nach dem Mauerbau
114:
743:
DEFA at the Crossroads of East German and International Film Culture. A Companion
806:
666:
Re-Imagining DEFA: East German Cinema in its National and Transnational Contexts
542:
538:
522:
227:
Since 2019, DEFA's film heritage has been made accessible and licensable on the
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and the main feature. The only feature film in the series was the silent film
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DEFA-Studio fĂĽr Synchronisation in Berlin-Johannisthal (studio for dubbing)
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Tokei-itho. This spawned a number of sequels and was notable for inverting
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That Was the Wild East: Film Culture, Unification, and the `New´ Germany
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orientation. On 23 May 1949, the Allies' Germany officially became the
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Bergfelder, Tim; Carter, Erica & Goektuerk, Deniz, (eds.)
50:
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46:
Department of Environment, Food and Agriculture (Isle of Man)
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as the "good guys", and the American army as the "baddies".
722:
Celluloid Revolt: German Screen Cultures and the Long 1968,
999:
Satire und Macht : Film, Zeitung, Kabarett in der DDR
506:
is a satirical series of short films that was produced in
680:
Hollywood behind the Wall: the Cinema of East Germany
675:. Berkeley: BFI/University of California Press. 2003.
1062:, the distributor of the complete DEFA film heritage
582:DEFA-Studio fĂĽr Wochenschau und Dokumentarfilme in
224:(East Germany) throughout the country's existence.
195:
185:
177:
169:
81:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
493:in New York City hosted a two-week DEFA festival.
432:examine the brochure for the DEFA children's film
243:Founding congress of DEFA Studio, Berlin, May 1946
955:"Rebels with a Cause: The Cinema of East Germany"
892:"The Sons of Great Bear | DEFA Film Library"
729:apropos: Film 2001 Das Jahrbuch der DEFA-Stiftung
687:Wenn der Wind sich dreht: Meine Filme, mein Leben
438:(The Trobulemakers) before a screening, July 1953
682:. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2005
586:(studio for news reels and documentation films)
255:in post-World War II Germany. While the other
767:, a documentary that discusses DEFA's musicals
34:Former state-owned film studio in East Germany
703:, Berlin: Schwarzkopf & Schwarzkopf, 2000
325:. Subsequently, its principal studio was the
278:had already begun work on DEFA's first film,
270:, the company was formally authorized by the
8:
153:
1111:Mass media companies disestablished in 1992
661:. New York and Oxford, Berghahn Books, 1999
664:Allan, Sean; Heiduschke, Sebastian (eds.)
595:DEFA-AuĂźenhandel in Berlin (foreign trade)
274:to produce films on 13 May 1946, although
251:in eastern Germany; it was the first film
161:
152:
708:East German Cinema: DEFA and Film History
220:) was the state-owned film studio of the
141:Learn how and when to remove this message
1101:Mass media companies established in 1946
692:Elsaesser, Thomas & Wedel, Michael.
442:In the 1960s, DEFA produced the popular
423:
238:
44:For the Manx government department, see
1116:German companies disestablished in 1992
777:
741:Silberman, Marc; Wrage, Henning (eds.)
696:. London: British Film Institute, 1999.
518:directed by Gottfried Kolditz in 1958.
247:DEFA was founded in Spring 1946 in the
701:Das grosse Lexikon der DEFA-Spielfilme
569:-Babelsberg (studio for feature films)
927:Wagner, Brigitta B. (March 9, 2014).
910:"DEFA Stiftung — filmarchives online"
710:. New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2013.
7:
1121:German companies established in 1946
1086:Film production companies of Germany
976:. Springer-Verlag. pp. 92–110.
870:"Die SĂ–HNE DER GROSSEN BĂ„RIN (1965)"
727:Schenk, Ralf; Richter, Erika (eds.)
657:Allan, Sean; Sandford, John, (eds.)
317:studio facilities in Berlin and the
79:adding citations to reliable sources
37:For the French aircraft cannon, see
659:DEFA: East German Cinema, 1946–1992
825:"Die MĂ–RDER SIND UNTER UNS (1946)"
745:. Berlin/Boston: De Gruyter, 2014.
694:The BFI Companion to German Cinema
25:
1050:DEFA Film Library and Online Shop
448:The Sons of the Great Mother Bear
752:. Rochester: Camden House, 2014.
218:Deutsche Film-Aktiengesellschaft
154:Deutsche Film-Aktiengesellschaft
55:
66:needs additional citations for
1106:1946 establishments in Germany
572:DEFA-Studio fĂĽr Trickfilme in
565:DEFA-Studio fĂĽr Spielfilme in
272:Soviet Military Administration
1:
616:Category: East German actors
611:Broadcasting in East Germany
621:Category: East German films
576:(studio for animated films)
476:Compagnie Générale des Eaux
408:DEFA feature film studios,
384:Federal Republic of Germany
1142:
1081:State-owned film companies
914:www.filmarchives-online.eu
748:Wagner, Brigitta B. (ed.)
467:clichés by portraying the
388:German Democratic Republic
286:The Murderers Are Among Us
222:German Democratic Republic
43:
36:
26:
1096:Companies of East Germany
943:– via Google Books.
636:List of East German films
281:Die Mörder sind unter uns
160:
997:Klötzer, Sylvia (2006).
959:The Museum of Modern Art
933:. Boydell & Brewer.
731:. Das Neue Berlin, 2001.
27:Not to be confused with
930:DEFA After East Germany
847:"Links wo das Herz ist"
750:DEFA after East Germany
706:Heiduschke, Sebastian.
626:Culture of East Germany
1126:Cinema of East Germany
673:The German Cinema Book
668:. Berghahn Books, 2016
439:
413:
306:
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835:on February 16, 2018.
489:In October 2005, the
427:
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338:Socialist Unity Party
242:
811:www.defa-stiftung.de
491:Museum of Modern Art
412:, Potsdam, July 1952
249:Soviet Occupied Zone
75:improve this article
1091:German film studios
1023:"Digital Media Hub"
896:ecommerce.umass.edu
678:Berghahn, Daniela.
516:Der junge Engländer
294:joint-stock company
157:
852:2010-06-17 at the
734:Schittly, Dagmar.
717:. Ann Arbor, 2002.
713:Naughton, Leonie.
440:
414:
307:Aktiengesellschaft
253:production company
245:
231:archive platform.
1066:Studio Babelsberg
1027:www.progress.film
880:on April 3, 2018.
631:DEFA Film Library
606:Babelsberg Studio
560:DEFA Film studios
527:Erwin Geschonneck
480:Vivendi Universal
418:socialist realism
327:Babelsberg Studio
313:using the former
266:Headquartered in
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435:Die Störenfriede
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64:This article
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791:February 23,
789:. Retrieved
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508:East Germany
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354:Walter Janka
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290:Hans Klering
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203:East Germany
186:Headquarters
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73:Please help
68:verification
65:
18:DEFA Studios
858:(in German)
543:Peter Sturm
539:Otto Tausig
523:Frank Beyer
457:Gojko Mitić
444:Red Western
395: [
392:Sepp Schwab
361: [
190:East Berlin
173:17 May 1946
39:DEFA cannon
1075:Categories
1032:2022-08-04
786:"PROGRESS"
772:References
531:Gisela May
453:Josef Mach
410:Babelsberg
323:Babelsberg
101:newspapers
807:"History"
380:Stalinist
376:Communist
329:built by
299:‹See Tfd›
178:Dissolved
170:Formation
131:July 2018
1060:PROGRESS
850:Archived
646:PROGRESS
600:See also
512:newsreel
484:PROGRESS
478:, later
229:PROGRESS
196:Location
29:UFA GmbH
574:Dresden
567:Potsdam
465:Western
459:as the
235:History
115:scholar
1005:
980:
937:
641:Ostern
584:Berlin
347:rushes
303:German
268:Berlin
263:rule.
257:Allies
117:
110:
103:
96:
90:"DEFA"
88:
461:Sioux
399:]
365:]
315:Tobis
122:JSTOR
108:books
1003:ISBN
978:ISBN
935:ISBN
793:2021
757:Film
549:and
428:Two
367:and
261:Nazi
214:DEFA
181:1992
156:DEFA
94:news
874:BFI
829:BFI
416:As
331:Ufa
321:in
77:by
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