1207:
system was based on frequency-hopping spread spectrum (FHSS) technology using commercial wireless modems. Other later-generation systems still used frequency-hopping spread spectrum (FHSS) technology, but at higher bandwidth. FHSS systems tend to disturb other types of wireless communication systems such as WiFi/WLAN. This has been solved in newer wireless DMX systems by using adaptive frequency hopping, a technique to detect and avoid surrounding wireless systems, to avoid transmitting on occupied frequencies.
939:
1128:
1012:
specification of the original 1986 standard was changed in 1990. Specifically, the MAB, which was originally fixed at 4 μs, was changed to 8 μs, minimum. The E1.11 (2004) standard relaxed the transmitter and receiver timing specifications. This relaxed the timing requirements for systems using controllers built to DMX512-A (E1.11); however, a significant number of legacy devices still employ transmit timing near the minimum end of the range.
550:
2571:
43:
580:
to be controlled by the master controller. Smaller controllers may have a single OUT connector, enabling them to control only one universe, whereas large control desks (operator consoles) may have the capacity to control multiple universes, with an OUT connector provided for each universe. Many of the more modern control desks instead of featuring multiple OUT connectors have an
149:
320:
389:
892:
679:
context firstly presents a risk of damage to the lighting equipment should an audio cable carrying 48-volt phantom power be accidentally connected, and secondly encourages the use of cable following analog audio specifications for DMX, which can lead to signal degradation and unreliable operation of the DMX network.
576:, systems having few devices and short cables) will sometimes function normally without a terminator, the standard requires its use. Some DMX slave devices have built-in terminators that can be manually activated with a mechanical switch or by software, or by automatically sensing the absence of a connected cable.
633:, with a termination resistor at the end of the cable furthest from the controller to absorb signal reflections. DMX512 has two twisted pair data paths, although the specification currently only defines the use of one of the twisted pairs. The second pair is undefined but required by the electrical specification.
1234:
An
Ethernet-based protocol can distribute multiple DMX universes through a single cable from a control location to breakout boxes closer to fixtures. These boxes then output the conventional DMX512 signal. ANSI E1.31—2009 Entertainment Technology—Lightweight streaming protocol for transport of DMX512
1230:
protocol through the definition of
Enhanced Functionality. RDM allows for diagnostic feedback from fixtures to the controller by extending the DMX512 standard to encompass bidirectional communication between the lighting controller and lighting fixtures. RDM was approved by ANSI in 2006 as ANSI E1.20
919:
audio cables lack the requisite electrical characteristics and thus are not suitable for DMX512 cabling. The significantly lower impedance and higher capacitance of these cables distort the DMX512 digital waveforms, which in turn can cause irregular operation or intermittent errors that are difficult
713:
Fixed installation products with internal connections to the data link may use the 5-pin XLR connector, but shall not use any other XLR connector. When use is made of the 5-pin XLR connector, the requirements of 7.1 and 7.1.1 shall apply. When a non-XLR connector is used, this
Standard makes no other
579:
A DMX512 network is called a "DMX universe". Each OUT connector on a DMX512 controller can control a single universe. A DMX512 universe is made up of 512 channels, with each channel containing a value between 0 and 255. Each slave device in the chain can "look at" a different set of channels in order
1139:
In the 1986 and 1990 standards the use of the second data pair is not defined other than as an ‘optional second data link’. Both unidirectional and bidirectional use were envisioned. Other proprietary uses have been implemented for these pins. Schemes that use voltage outside of the range allowed by
1096:
Dimmer packs or racks use a group of slots to determine the levels for their dimmers. Typically a dimmer has a starting address that represents the lowest-numbered dimmer in that pack, and the addressing increases from there to the highest-numbered dimmer. As an example, for two packs of six dimmers
678:
The three-pin XLR connector is commonly used for DMX512, on lighting and related control equipment, particularly at the budget/DJ end of the market. However, using three-pin XLR connectors for DMX512 is specifically prohibited by section 7.1.2 of the DMX512 standard. Use of the three-pin XLR in this
636:
The E1.11 (DMX512 2004) electrical specification addresses the connection of DMX512 signal common to earth ground. Specifically, the standard recommends that transmitter ports (DMX512 controller OUT port) have a low impedance connection between signal common and ground; such ports are referred to as
545:
Each slave device has a DMX512 "IN" connector and usually an "OUT" (or "THRU") connector as well. The controller, which usually has only an OUT connector, is connected via a DMX512 cable to the IN connector of the first slave. A second cable then links the OUT or THRU connector of the first slave to
1222:
Many alternatives to DMX512 have been proposed to address limitations such as the maximum slot count of 512 per universe, the unidirectional signal, and the lack of inherent error detection. The 2004 DMX512-A revision added a System
Information Packet (SIP). This packet can be interleaved with Null
1168:
emitted by mixing consoles could damage DMX512 equipment if connected to it. The DMX512 signals emitted by lighting desks can damage microphones and other sound equipment if connected to it. As a result, the best practice is to use only 5-pin XLRs for DMX512 signals, to avoid risk of confusion with
1105:
DMX does not mandate a method of 16-bit encoding for Null Start Code packets; however, many parameters of moving lights make use of encoding larger than 8-bit numbers. To control these parameters more accurately, some fixtures use two channels for parameters that require greater accuracy. The first
1011:
DMX512 timing parameters may vary over a wide range. The original authors specified the standard this way to provide the greatest design flexibility. Because of this, however, it was difficult to design receivers that operated over the entire timing range. As a result of this difficulty, the timing
1118:
or other high-speed data cables useless, although cable faults can occasionally lead to intermittent problems such as random triggering. Unexpected fixture behavior is caused by addressing errors, cable faults, incorrect data from the controller, or multiple DMX sources inadvertently applied to a
1087:
Packets identified by a NULL START Code are the default packets sent on DMX512 networks. Earlier versions of this standard assumed that only dimmer class data would be sent using NULL START Code packets. In practice NULL START Code packets have been used by a wide variety of devices; this version
906:
Cabling for DMX512 was removed from the ANSI E1.11 standard and a separate cabling standards project was started in 2003. Two cabling standards have been developed, one for portable DMX512 cables (ANSI E1.27-1 – 2006) and one for permanent installations (draft standard BSR E1.27-2). This resolved
1206:
Although wireless DMX512 networks can function over distances exceeding 3,000 feet (910 m) under ideal conditions, most wireless DMX512 links are limited to a maximum distance of 1,000–1,500 feet (300–460 m) to ensure reliable operation. The first commercially marketed wireless DMX512
1202:
Recently, wireless DMX512 adapters have become popular, especially in architectural lighting installations where cable lengths can be prohibitively long. Such networks typically employ a wireless transmitter at the controller, with strategically placed receivers near the fixtures to convert the
434:
DMX512 has also expanded to uses in non-theatrical interior and architectural lighting, at scales ranging from strings of
Christmas lights to electronic billboards and stadium or arena concerts. It can now be used to control almost anything, reflecting its popularity in all types of venues.
910:
The electrical characteristics of DMX512 cable are specified in terms of impedance and capacitance, although there are often mechanical and other considerations that must be considered as well. Cable types that are appropriate for DMX512 usage will have a nominal characteristic impedance of
1067:
The standard does not specify the minimum number of slots that can be sent in a packet. However, it does require that packets be transmitted so that the leading edges of any two sequential BREAKs must be separated by at least 1204 μs, and receivers must be able to handle packets with
624:
no more than 400 metres (1,300 ft) long, with not more than 32 unit loads (individual devices connected) on a single bus. If more than 32 unit loads need to communicate, the network can be expanded across parallel buses using DMX splitters. Network wiring consists of a shielded
1106:
of the two channels controls the coarse (256 steps for the whole range of movement) and the second the fine (256 steps for each coarse step), this gives a 16-bit value range of 65536 steps, permitting much greater accuracy for any 16-bit controlled parameter such as Pan or Tilt.
1068:
break-to-break times as short as 1196 μs. The minimum break-to-break transmit time can be achieved by sending packets that contain at least 24 slots (by adding extra padding bytes, if necessary) or by stretching parameters such as the BREAK, MAB, Interslot, or
Interpacket times.
978:
followed by a "mark" (a logical one), known as the "Mark After Break" (MAB). The break, which signals the end of one packet and the start of another, causes receivers to start reception and also serves as a frame (position reference) for data bytes within the packet.
809:
As the electrical specification currently only defines a purpose for a single wire pair, some equipment manufacturers continue to use it. Such equipment is not compliant with the DMX standard, but may be sufficiently compatible for operation using simple
1155:
DMX512-A uses a single pair of conductors, so can be connected using the cheaper 3-pin XLR connectors. Some manufacturers made units with three-pin XLR connectors, because of their lower cost. However, as 3-pin XLRs are commonly used for connecting
656:
Grounded receivers that have a hard connection between signal common and ground are permitted but their use is strongly discouraged. Several possible grounding configurations that are commonly used with EIA485 are specifically disallowed by E1.11.
556:
The specification requires a 'terminator' to be connected to the final OUT or THRU connector of the last slave on the daisy chain, which would otherwise be unconnected. A terminator is a stand-alone male connector with an integral
497:
standard. The resulting revised standard, known officially as "Entertainment
Technology—USITT DMX512-A—Asynchronous Serial Digital Data Transmission Standard for Controlling Lighting Equipment and Accessories", was approved by the
805:
When DMX512 was ratified, many of these manufacturers then issued firmware updates to enable the use of DMX512 control on their existing equipment by the use of a simple adapter to and from the standard 5-pin XLR style connector.
1193:
Additionally, terminating the DMX line often exposes physical cable faults - for example, if the "Data −" wire is broken, an unterminated DMX run may partially work, while fitting the terminator immediately exposes the problem.
1189:
It is important for users to check whether their devices have automatic or switched termination, as otherwise they may end up with the DMX line being terminated multiple times or not at all when they believed it to be correct.
1052:
Maximum times are not specified because as long as a packet is sent at least once per second, the BREAK, MAB, inter-slot time, and the mark between the last slot of the packet and the break (MBB) can be as long as desired.
1002:
All slots following the start code contain control settings for slave devices. A slot's position within the packet determines the device and function to be controlled while its data value specifies the control set point.
903:, with a male connector on one end and a female connector on the other end. The cable's male connector attaches to the transmitting, female jack (OUT), and its female connector attaches to the receiving, male jack (IN).
994:
zero) is the standard value used for all DMX512 compatible devices, which includes most lighting fixtures and dimmers. Other start codes are used for Text packets (0x17), System
Information Packets (0xCF), for the
703:
A concession to use an alternate connector is available only when it is physically impossible to mount a 5-pin XLR connector on the product. In such cases all the following additional requirements shall be
648:
The standard also allows for isolated transmitter ports and non-isolated receivers. It also recommends that systems ground the signal common at only one point, in order to avoid the formation of disruptive
1186:
Some equipment has automatic termination, others a physical switch, while the remainder requires a physical terminator (e.g. male XLR-5 plug fitted with a resistor) to be installed by the user.
693:
Other form-factors of connectors are permitted on equipment where the XLR and RJ-45 would not fit or are considered inappropriate, for example on equipment intended for permanent installation.
857:
has their own version of the RJ-45 connector for DMX, which predates the 2008 official inclusion in the DMX512 standard. The pinout specifically for Color
Kinetics LED lighting products is:
2593:
950:, a DMX512 controller transmits asynchronous serial data at 250 kbit/s. The data format is fixed at one start bit, eight data bits (least significant first), two stop bits and no
1620:"TSP - Working Groups - About, Camera Cranes, Control Protocols, Electrical Power, Event Safety, Floors, Fog & Smoke, Followspot Position, Photometrics, Rigging, Stage Lifts"
1560:
1091:
Each NULL START Code packet contains no formal data or addressing structure. The device using data from the packet must know the position of that data within the packet.
1796:
485:(USITT), the DMX512 standard (for digital multiplex with 512 pieces of information) was created in 1986, with subsequent revisions in 1990 leading to USITT DMX512/1990.
470:
392:
A DMX splitter/buffer. It allows a DMX universe from one source to be repeated to several chains of devices, in order to avoid signal degradation due to long cable runs.
546:
the IN connector of the next slave in the chain, and so on. For example, the block diagram below shows a simple network consisting of a controller and three slaves.
796:
In the early days of digital lighting control, several equipment manufacturers employed various connectors and pinouts for their proprietary digital control signals.
482:
1183:
Some of the more common symptoms of improper termination are flashing, uncontrollable or incorrect light operation, or other undesired random special effects.
1140:
EIA485 are disallowed. Guidance on allowed usage can be found in Annex B of E1.11. Current standard practice is to leave the secondary data link pins unused.
1435:
2011:
1504:
1459:
714:
restriction or stipulation on connector choice. The contact (pin) numbering on the alternate connector should match numbering for the standard 5-Pin XLR
1602:
2539:
2168:
2031:
446:. DMX512 does not include automatic error checking and correction and therefore is not an appropriate control for hazardous applications, such as
1708:
502:(ANSI) in November 2004. It was revised again in 2008, and is the current standard known as "E1.11 – 2008, USITT DMX512-A", or just "DMX512-A".
1838:
1473:
1627:
1388:
499:
641:. It is further recommended that receivers have a high impedance connection between signal common and ground; such ports are referred to as
2219:
1890:
617:
voltage levels. DMX512 electrical specifications are identical to those of the EIA-485-A standard, except where stated otherwise in E1.11.
519:
353:
182:
1097:
each, the first pack would start at address 1 and the second pack at address 7. Each slot in the DMX512 packet corresponds to one dimmer.
2566:
Interfaces are listed by their speed in the (roughly) ascending order, so the interface at the end of each section should be the fastest.
1552:
784:
patch cables. The avoidance of pins 4 and 5 helps to prevent equipment damage, if the cabling is accidentally plugged into a single-line
1297:
2272:
2111:
2041:
907:
issues arising from the differences in requirements for cables used in touring shows versus those used for permanent infrastructure.
407:
networks that are commonly used to control lighting and effects. It was originally intended as a standardized method for controlling
2101:
1252:
1236:
1211:
1114:
DMX512's popularity is partly due to its robustness. The cable can be abused without any loss of function in ways that would render
785:
126:
1521:
2199:
1223:
packets. One feature of SIPs is they allow checksums to be sent for DMX Null data. However, SIPs have rarely been implemented.
708:
2) The alternate connector shall not be any type of IEC 60603-7 8-position modular connector except as allowed in clause 7.3.
1991:
64:
1203:
wireless signal back to conventional DMX512 wired network signals or wireless receivers built into the individual fixtures.
2543:
2194:
2163:
2141:
455:
1737:
2467:
2406:
2261:
1925:
1345:
1214:
can be used to send DMX data over WiFi, this is not generally recommended due to the highly variable latency of WiFi.
1669:
107:
915:. Also, cables designed for EIA485 typically meet the DMX512 electrical specifications. Conversely, microphone and
686:, or "RJ-45") connectors for fixed installations where regular plugging and unplugging of equipment is not required.
2598:
2066:
1831:
990:
The first slot is reserved for a "Start Code" that specifies the type of data in the packet. A start code of 0x00 (
79:
53:
2121:
650:
523:
1428:
1164:, there is a risk of wrongly connecting DMX512 equipment to microphones and other sound equipment. The +48 volt
1263:
565:
999:
extension to DMX (0xCC), and various proprietary systems. ESTA maintains a database of alternate start codes.
86:
1767:
2603:
2574:
2549:
2441:
2096:
1816:
1268:
1210:
Multiple incompatible wireless protocols currently exist. While DMX-over-Ethernet protocols such as E1.31 -
689:
Note: Several manufacturers used other pinouts for RJ-45 connectors prior to this inclusion in the standard.
581:
60:
2131:
1293:
United States
Institute for Theatre Technology -- Resources > Standards > DMX512 > DMX512 FAQ --
522:. A network consists of a single DMX512 controller – which is the master of the network — and one or more
463:
443:
813:
Note: There is a risk of equipment damage if 3-pin XLR audio and DMX signals are plugged into each other.
2395:
2348:
2204:
1976:
1824:
1580:
1084:
A NULL START Code identifies subsequent data slots as a block of un-typed sequential 8-bit information.
673:(XLR-5), with female connectors used on transmitting (OUT) ports and male connectors on receiving ports.
404:
93:
1700:
938:
2391:
2244:
2126:
1060:(slots following the start code), takes approximately 23 ms to send, corresponding to a maximum
926:, commonly used for networking and telecommunications, has been tested by ESTA for use with DMX512A.
670:
569:
539:
428:
412:
1480:
665:
The original DMX512 1990 specified that where connectors are used, the data link shall use five-pin
2303:
1858:
1064:
of about 44 Hz. For higher refresh rates, packets having fewer than 512 channels can be sent.
75:
1619:
1847:
1294:
980:
459:
451:
400:
442:
differential signaling at its physical layer, in conjunction with a variable-size, packet-based
1127:
2293:
1915:
1851:
1498:
1453:
1384:
515:
2026:
923:
777:
527:
416:
827:
Data 1+ and - are often swapped over. The most commonly encountered pinout is given first:
2156:
2006:
1986:
1861:
1593:
1301:
1132:
947:
564:
resistor connected across the primary data signal pair; this resistor matches the cable's
420:
1529:
1317:
711:
7.2 Equipment intended for fixed installation with internal connections to the data link
2457:
2151:
2076:
2001:
1905:
1880:
1273:
1227:
1161:
996:
927:
854:
408:
1076:
Most data is sent with the default Null Start Code of 00h. Quoting from the standard:
2587:
2529:
2416:
2308:
2256:
2239:
2021:
1920:
1910:
1885:
1165:
1149:
900:
666:
511:
454:. However, it is still used for such applications. False triggering may be caused by
1650:
930:
are used by some DMX-compatible hardware with ESTA standard or proprietary pinouts.
100:
2266:
2209:
2061:
1966:
1404:
1061:
781:
626:
600:
protocol or 65536 using the sACN protocol, and the existing Ethernet in buildings.
447:
343:
172:
1595:
DMX512 Protocol Implementation Using MC9S08GT60 8-Bit MCU (Application Note 3315)
1353:
596:). Such cables and systems can control up to 32768 universes of DMX512 using the
27:
Digital communication network standard for controlling stage lighting and effects
2534:
2513:
2436:
2431:
2276:
2214:
2189:
2116:
1900:
1895:
991:
621:
549:
535:
530:
is frequently employed as the controller for a network of slave devices such as
424:
42:
31:
2387:
2086:
1875:
1306:...DMX512 is not an appropriate control protocol for hazardous applications...
1157:
951:
916:
2411:
2401:
2368:
2363:
2298:
2173:
1961:
1946:
1941:
1729:
1677:
415:. It quickly became the primary method for linking controllers (such as a
388:
148:
2421:
2358:
2091:
1951:
1181:
termination resistor to be fitted at the extreme end of the signal cable.
1115:
203:
2 pair, 24 AWG, 7x32 stranded, tinned copper, 6.9 left-hand twist/ft
493:
In 1998 the ESTA began a revision process to develop the standard as an
319:
2554:
2508:
2492:
2318:
2136:
2081:
2016:
1971:
1258:
1240:
614:
597:
439:
17:
891:
798:
The most common of these was the three-pin XLR connector (also called
776:
modular connector pinout matches the conductor pairing scheme used by
2487:
2378:
2343:
2338:
2333:
2328:
2146:
2036:
1996:
1956:
823:
Note: This connector is prohibited by section 7 of ANSI E1.11 - 2008.
589:
531:
2472:
2383:
942:
DMX512 signal on an oscilloscope, annotated to show measured timing
411:
dimmers, which, prior to DMX512, had employed various incompatible
2482:
2373:
2313:
2251:
2224:
2106:
2056:
1981:
1759:
1380:
1126:
937:
890:
706:
1) The alternate connector shall not be any type of XLR connector.
593:
585:
387:
30:"Digital Multiplex" redirects here. For digital multiplexers, see
1226:
E1.11-2004, a revision of DMX512-A, also lays the foundation for
701:
7.1.2 Concession for use of an alternate connector (NCC DMX512-A)
682:
DMX512-A (ANSI E1.11-2008) defined the use of eight-pin modular (
2477:
2462:
2323:
2234:
2229:
2071:
1658:. Entertainment Services and Technology Association. p. 19.
975:
773:
683:
494:
1820:
1811:
2426:
2051:
2046:
1295:
http://www.usitt.org/Resources/Standards2/DMX512/DMX512FAQ#a12
1135:
uses wireless DMX to control the lighting on the pods and rim.
560:
261:
asynchronous, half-duplex, serial protocol over a two-wire bus
36:
1792:
548:
1346:"United States Institute for Theatre Technology DMX512 FAQ"
613:
DMX512 data is transmitted over a differential pair using
970:
Up to 512 slots of channel data, each containing one byte
572:
is connected across it as well. Although simple systems (
1801:
675:
The use of any other XLR-style connector is prohibited.
1318:"ESTA Technical Standards Program, published documents"
1806:
1243:
are two free-to-use protocols used to achieve this.
2522:
2501:
2450:
2286:
2182:
1934:
1868:
899:The standard cables used in DMX512 networks employ
466:, excessively long cables, or poor quality cables.
378:
370:
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352:
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329:
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257:
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158:
67:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
987:. Following the break, up to 513 slots are sent.
471:Entertainment Services and Technology Association
1148:DMX512-A specifies that the connector must be a
473:(ESTA), and can be downloaded from its website.
2594:American National Standards Institute standards
2169:Coherent Accelerator Processor Interface (CAPI)
1079:
699:
483:United States Institute for Theatre Technology
1832:
518:strung together in what is commonly called a
8:
312:
141:
1670:"Ujjal's DMX512 Pages....The DMX512 Packet"
481:Developed by the Engineering Commission of
1839:
1825:
1817:
1516:
1514:
967:Slot 0, containing the one-byte Start Code
311:
140:
1592:Luna, Oscar; Torres, Daniel (2002–2009).
1340:
1338:
1177:The DMX512 signal lines require a single
127:Learn how and when to remove this message
1014:
974:The start of a packet is signified by a
895:Cable built to the DMX512A specification
1652:American National Standard E1.11 – 2004
1286:
32:Multiplexer § Digital multiplexers
1503:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
1496:
1458:: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (
1451:
1056:A maximum-sized packet, which has 512
737:Data 2+ (Optional Secondary Data Link)
734:Data 2- (Optional Secondary Data Link)
568:. If a secondary data pair is used, a
629:, with a characteristic impedance of
500:American National Standards Institute
469:The DMX standard is published by the
7:
65:adding citations to reliable sources
1770:from the original on 8 January 2017
1522:"PLASA Technical Standards Program"
1169:connectors used for sound signals.
696:From ANSI E1.11 - 2008 section 7:
25:
1740:from the original on 6 April 2017
1253:Architecture for Control Networks
786:public switched telephone network
2570:
2569:
1630:from the original on 28 May 2017
1608:from the original on 2017-08-30.
318:
147:
41:
1711:from the original on 2019-05-24
1563:from the original on 2019-05-24
1441:from the original on 2016-04-17
1377:Recommended Practice for DMX512
1255:(ANSI E1.31/sACN/Streaming ACN)
792:Common non-compliant connectors
52:needs additional citations for
1701:"W-DMX on the Singapore Flyer"
1551:Cadena, Richard (2009-10-31).
1405:"Introduction and Terminology"
1228:Remote Device Management (RDM)
768:Signal Common (0 V) for Data 2
765:Signal Common (0 V) for Data 1
1:
2353:
2164:Intel Ultra Path Interconnect
1239:, published May 4, 2009, and
438:DMX512 uses a unidirectional
2142:Intel QuickPath Interconnect
2132:Direct Media Interface (DMI)
1072:Addressing and data encoding
456:electromagnetic interference
313:Prohibited non-DMX connector
1793:Technical Standards Program
1601:. Freescale Semiconductor.
731:Data 1+ (Primary Data Link)
728:Data 1- (Primary Data Link)
510:A DMX512 network employs a
2620:
2127:Compute Express Link (CXL)
1276:(Remote Device Management)
1119:single chain of fixtures.
29:
2563:
2364:IEEE-1284 (parallel port)
2279:logical device interface)
1699:Evans, Jim (2008-09-23).
1581:DMX (DMX512) RJ-45 pinout
1553:"Troubleshooting DMX 512"
1231:and is gaining interest.
920:to identify and correct.
802:jack in some countries).
381:
373:
365:
357:
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332:
317:
260:
252:
239:
231:
218:
210:
202:
194:
186:
176:
161:
146:
1730:"DMX512 WITH OUT WIRES!"
1264:Lighting control console
983:data bytes are known as
957:Each frame consists of:
566:characteristic impedance
1375:Bennette, Adam (2006).
1269:Lighting control system
582:unshielded twisted pair
1926:List of bus bandwidths
1150:five-pin XLR connector
1136:
1093:
1088:recognizes this fact.
1081:8.5.1 NULL START code
943:
896:
845:1- (Primary Data Link)
838:1+ (Primary Data Link)
716:
553:
444:communication protocol
393:
338:General specifications
167:General specifications
1812:Open Lighting Project
1734:www.goddarddesign.com
1674:www.dmx512-online.com
1162:sound mixing consoles
1130:
941:
894:
671:electrical connectors
552:
462:discharges, improper
413:proprietary protocols
405:digital communication
391:
2369:IEEE-1394 (FireWire)
2107:PCI Extended (PCI-X)
570:termination resistor
61:improve this article
2210:Parallel ATA (PATA)
1123:Secondary data link
1040:Receiver recognize
850:Other RJ-45 pinouts
584:connector (such as
314:
232:+6 VDC per pin
143:
2117:PCI Express (PCIe)
1760:"FAQ - LumenRadio"
1300:2011-10-20 at the
1198:Wireless operation
1137:
944:
897:
554:
540:intelligent lights
460:static electricity
452:theatrical rigging
429:intelligent lights
394:
2599:Network protocols
2581:
2580:
2567:
2294:Apple Desktop Bus
2271:PCI Express (via
2230:Serial ATA (SATA)
1916:Network on a chip
1532:on 1 January 2016
1390:978-0-9557035-2-2
1050:
1049:
526:. For example, a
464:cable termination
419:) to dimmers and
386:
385:
310:
309:
137:
136:
129:
111:
16:(Redirected from
2611:
2573:
2572:
2565:
2027:HP Precision Bus
1841:
1834:
1827:
1818:
1780:
1779:
1777:
1775:
1756:
1750:
1749:
1747:
1745:
1726:
1720:
1719:
1717:
1716:
1696:
1690:
1689:
1687:
1685:
1676:. Archived from
1666:
1660:
1659:
1657:
1646:
1640:
1639:
1637:
1635:
1616:
1610:
1609:
1607:
1600:
1589:
1583:
1578:
1572:
1571:
1569:
1568:
1557:Stage Directions
1548:
1542:
1541:
1539:
1537:
1528:. Archived from
1518:
1509:
1508:
1502:
1494:
1492:
1491:
1485:
1479:. Archived from
1478:
1470:
1464:
1463:
1457:
1449:
1447:
1446:
1440:
1433:
1425:
1419:
1418:
1416:
1415:
1401:
1395:
1394:
1372:
1366:
1365:
1363:
1361:
1356:on 16 April 2013
1352:. Archived from
1342:
1333:
1332:
1330:
1328:
1314:
1308:
1291:
1180:
1015:
964:Mark-After-Break
914:
632:
563:
528:lighting console
506:Network topology
440:EIA-485 (RS-485)
423:devices such as
417:lighting console
333:Lighting control
322:
315:
162:Lighting control
151:
144:
132:
125:
121:
118:
112:
110:
69:
45:
37:
21:
2619:
2618:
2614:
2613:
2612:
2610:
2609:
2608:
2584:
2583:
2582:
2577:
2568:
2559:
2518:
2497:
2446:
2359:IEEE-488 (GPIB)
2282:
2178:
2157:Infinity Fabric
1987:Europe Card Bus
1930:
1864:
1845:
1789:
1784:
1783:
1773:
1771:
1758:
1757:
1753:
1743:
1741:
1728:
1727:
1723:
1714:
1712:
1698:
1697:
1693:
1683:
1681:
1668:
1667:
1663:
1655:
1648:
1647:
1643:
1633:
1631:
1618:
1617:
1613:
1605:
1598:
1591:
1590:
1586:
1579:
1575:
1566:
1564:
1550:
1549:
1545:
1535:
1533:
1520:
1519:
1512:
1495:
1489:
1487:
1483:
1476:
1474:"Archived copy"
1472:
1471:
1467:
1450:
1444:
1442:
1438:
1431:
1429:"Archived copy"
1427:
1426:
1422:
1413:
1411:
1403:
1402:
1398:
1391:
1374:
1373:
1369:
1359:
1357:
1344:
1343:
1336:
1326:
1324:
1316:
1315:
1311:
1302:Wayback Machine
1292:
1288:
1283:
1249:
1220:
1200:
1182:
1178:
1175:
1146:
1133:Singapore Flyer
1125:
1112:
1110:DMX in practice
1103:
1101:8-bit v. 16-bit
1094:
1074:
1021:Min Break (μs)
1009:
961:Break condition
948:data link layer
936:
928:RJ45 connectors
912:
901:XLR5 connectors
889:
852:
820:
811:
797:
794:
744:
722:
717:
712:
707:
705:
702:
687:
674:
663:
630:
611:
606:
558:
508:
491:
479:
450:or movement of
421:special effects
325:
253:250 kbit/s
154:
133:
122:
116:
113:
70:
68:
58:
46:
35:
28:
23:
22:
15:
12:
11:
5:
2617:
2615:
2607:
2606:
2604:Stage lighting
2601:
2596:
2586:
2585:
2579:
2578:
2564:
2561:
2560:
2558:
2557:
2552:
2547:
2537:
2532:
2526:
2524:
2520:
2519:
2517:
2516:
2511:
2505:
2503:
2499:
2498:
2496:
2495:
2490:
2485:
2480:
2475:
2470:
2468:Intel HD Audio
2465:
2460:
2458:ADAT Lightpipe
2454:
2452:
2448:
2447:
2445:
2444:
2439:
2434:
2429:
2424:
2419:
2414:
2409:
2404:
2399:
2381:
2376:
2371:
2366:
2361:
2356:
2351:
2346:
2341:
2336:
2331:
2326:
2321:
2316:
2311:
2306:
2301:
2296:
2290:
2288:
2284:
2283:
2281:
2280:
2269:
2264:
2259:
2254:
2249:
2248:
2247:
2242:
2232:
2227:
2222:
2217:
2212:
2207:
2202:
2197:
2192:
2186:
2184:
2180:
2179:
2177:
2176:
2171:
2166:
2161:
2160:
2159:
2152:HyperTransport
2149:
2144:
2139:
2134:
2129:
2124:
2119:
2114:
2109:
2104:
2099:
2094:
2089:
2084:
2079:
2074:
2069:
2064:
2059:
2054:
2049:
2044:
2039:
2034:
2029:
2024:
2019:
2014:
2009:
2004:
1999:
1994:
1989:
1984:
1979:
1974:
1969:
1964:
1959:
1954:
1949:
1944:
1938:
1936:
1932:
1931:
1929:
1928:
1923:
1918:
1913:
1908:
1906:Bus contention
1903:
1898:
1893:
1888:
1883:
1881:Front-side bus
1878:
1872:
1870:
1866:
1865:
1862:computer buses
1846:
1844:
1843:
1836:
1829:
1821:
1815:
1814:
1809:
1804:
1799:
1788:
1787:External links
1785:
1782:
1781:
1764:lumenradio.com
1751:
1721:
1691:
1661:
1641:
1611:
1584:
1573:
1543:
1510:
1465:
1420:
1396:
1389:
1367:
1334:
1309:
1285:
1284:
1282:
1279:
1278:
1277:
1271:
1266:
1261:
1256:
1248:
1245:
1219:
1216:
1199:
1196:
1174:
1171:
1145:
1142:
1124:
1121:
1111:
1108:
1102:
1099:
1078:
1073:
1070:
1048:
1047:
1044:
1041:
1037:
1036:
1033:
1030:
1026:
1025:
1022:
1019:
1008:
1005:
972:
971:
968:
965:
962:
935:
932:
888:
885:
884:
883:
880:
877:
874:
871:
868:
865:
862:
855:Color Kinetics
851:
848:
847:
846:
839:
832:
819:
816:
793:
790:
770:
769:
766:
763:
760:
757:
754:
751:
748:
743:
740:
739:
738:
735:
732:
729:
726:
721:
718:
698:
662:
659:
610:
607:
605:
604:Physical layer
602:
514:topology with
512:multi-drop bus
507:
504:
490:
487:
478:
475:
409:stage lighting
384:
383:
380:
376:
375:
372:
368:
367:
364:
360:
359:
356:
350:
349:
346:
340:
339:
335:
334:
331:
327:
326:
323:
308:
307:
304:
300:
299:
296:
292:
291:
288:
284:
283:
280:
276:
275:
272:
268:
267:
263:
262:
259:
255:
254:
251:
247:
246:
242:
241:
238:
234:
233:
230:
226:
225:
221:
220:
217:
213:
212:
209:
205:
204:
201:
197:
196:
193:
189:
188:
185:
179:
178:
175:
169:
168:
164:
163:
160:
156:
155:
152:
135:
134:
49:
47:
40:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
2616:
2605:
2602:
2600:
2597:
2595:
2592:
2591:
2589:
2576:
2562:
2556:
2553:
2551:
2548:
2545:
2541:
2538:
2536:
2533:
2531:
2530:Multidrop bus
2528:
2527:
2525:
2521:
2515:
2512:
2510:
2507:
2506:
2504:
2500:
2494:
2491:
2489:
2486:
2484:
2481:
2479:
2476:
2474:
2471:
2469:
2466:
2464:
2461:
2459:
2456:
2455:
2453:
2449:
2443:
2440:
2438:
2437:External PCIe
2435:
2433:
2430:
2428:
2425:
2423:
2420:
2418:
2417:Parallel SCSI
2415:
2413:
2410:
2408:
2405:
2403:
2400:
2397:
2393:
2389:
2385:
2382:
2380:
2377:
2375:
2372:
2370:
2367:
2365:
2362:
2360:
2357:
2355:
2352:
2350:
2347:
2345:
2342:
2340:
2337:
2335:
2332:
2330:
2327:
2325:
2322:
2320:
2317:
2315:
2312:
2310:
2309:Commodore bus
2307:
2305:
2302:
2300:
2297:
2295:
2292:
2291:
2289:
2285:
2278:
2274:
2270:
2268:
2265:
2263:
2260:
2258:
2257:Fibre Channel
2255:
2253:
2250:
2246:
2243:
2241:
2238:
2237:
2236:
2233:
2231:
2228:
2226:
2223:
2221:
2218:
2216:
2213:
2211:
2208:
2206:
2203:
2201:
2198:
2196:
2193:
2191:
2188:
2187:
2185:
2181:
2175:
2172:
2170:
2167:
2165:
2162:
2158:
2155:
2154:
2153:
2150:
2148:
2145:
2143:
2140:
2138:
2135:
2133:
2130:
2128:
2125:
2123:
2120:
2118:
2115:
2113:
2110:
2108:
2105:
2103:
2100:
2098:
2095:
2093:
2090:
2088:
2085:
2083:
2080:
2078:
2075:
2073:
2070:
2068:
2065:
2063:
2060:
2058:
2055:
2053:
2050:
2048:
2045:
2043:
2040:
2038:
2035:
2033:
2030:
2028:
2025:
2023:
2020:
2018:
2015:
2013:
2010:
2008:
2005:
2003:
2000:
1998:
1995:
1993:
1990:
1988:
1985:
1983:
1980:
1978:
1975:
1973:
1970:
1968:
1965:
1963:
1960:
1958:
1955:
1953:
1950:
1948:
1945:
1943:
1940:
1939:
1937:
1933:
1927:
1924:
1922:
1921:Plug and play
1919:
1917:
1914:
1912:
1911:Bus mastering
1909:
1907:
1904:
1902:
1899:
1897:
1894:
1892:
1889:
1887:
1886:Back-side bus
1884:
1882:
1879:
1877:
1874:
1873:
1871:
1867:
1863:
1860:
1856:
1854:
1849:
1842:
1837:
1835:
1830:
1828:
1823:
1822:
1819:
1813:
1810:
1808:
1805:
1803:
1800:
1798:
1794:
1791:
1790:
1786:
1769:
1765:
1761:
1755:
1752:
1739:
1735:
1731:
1725:
1722:
1710:
1706:
1702:
1695:
1692:
1680:on 2017-09-23
1679:
1675:
1671:
1665:
1662:
1654:
1653:
1649:ESTA (2004).
1645:
1642:
1629:
1625:
1621:
1615:
1612:
1604:
1597:
1596:
1588:
1585:
1582:
1577:
1574:
1562:
1558:
1554:
1547:
1544:
1531:
1527:
1523:
1517:
1515:
1511:
1506:
1500:
1486:on 2012-03-30
1482:
1475:
1469:
1466:
1461:
1455:
1437:
1430:
1424:
1421:
1410:
1406:
1400:
1397:
1392:
1386:
1382:
1378:
1371:
1368:
1355:
1351:
1347:
1341:
1339:
1335:
1323:
1319:
1313:
1310:
1307:
1303:
1299:
1296:
1290:
1287:
1280:
1275:
1272:
1270:
1267:
1265:
1262:
1260:
1257:
1254:
1251:
1250:
1246:
1244:
1242:
1238:
1232:
1229:
1224:
1217:
1215:
1213:
1212:Streaming ACN
1208:
1204:
1197:
1195:
1191:
1187:
1184:
1172:
1170:
1167:
1166:phantom power
1163:
1159:
1153:
1151:
1143:
1141:
1134:
1129:
1122:
1120:
1117:
1109:
1107:
1100:
1098:
1092:
1089:
1085:
1082:
1077:
1071:
1069:
1065:
1063:
1059:
1054:
1045:
1042:
1039:
1038:
1034:
1031:
1028:
1027:
1024:Min MAB (μs)
1023:
1020:
1017:
1016:
1013:
1006:
1004:
1000:
998:
993:
988:
986:
982:
977:
969:
966:
963:
960:
959:
958:
955:
953:
949:
940:
933:
931:
929:
925:
921:
918:
908:
904:
902:
893:
886:
881:
878:
875:
872:
869:
866:
863:
860:
859:
858:
856:
849:
844:
840:
837:
833:
830:
829:
828:
825:
824:
817:
815:
814:
807:
803:
801:
791:
789:
787:
783:
779:
775:
767:
764:
761:
758:
755:
752:
749:
746:
745:
741:
736:
733:
730:
727:
725:Signal Common
724:
723:
719:
715:
709:
697:
694:
691:
690:
685:
680:
676:
672:
668:
660:
658:
654:
652:
646:
644:
640:
634:
628:
623:
618:
616:
608:
603:
601:
599:
595:
591:
587:
583:
577:
575:
571:
567:
562:
551:
547:
543:
541:
537:
533:
529:
525:
524:slave devices
521:
517:
513:
505:
503:
501:
496:
488:
486:
484:
476:
474:
472:
467:
465:
461:
457:
453:
449:
445:
441:
436:
432:
430:
426:
422:
418:
414:
410:
406:
402:
398:
390:
377:
369:
361:
355:
351:
345:
344:Hot pluggable
341:
336:
328:
321:
316:
305:
301:
297:
293:
289:
285:
281:
277:
274:Signal Common
273:
269:
264:
256:
248:
243:
235:
227:
222:
214:
206:
198:
190:
184:
180:
174:
173:Hot pluggable
170:
165:
157:
150:
145:
142:DMX connector
139:
131:
128:
120:
117:February 2011
109:
106:
102:
99:
95:
92:
88:
85:
81:
78: –
77:
73:
72:Find sources:
66:
62:
56:
55:
50:This article
48:
44:
39:
38:
33:
19:
2062:TURBOchannel
1852:
1772:. Retrieved
1763:
1754:
1742:. Retrieved
1733:
1724:
1713:. Retrieved
1704:
1694:
1682:. Retrieved
1678:the original
1673:
1664:
1651:
1644:
1632:. Retrieved
1624:tsp.esta.org
1623:
1614:
1594:
1587:
1576:
1565:. Retrieved
1556:
1546:
1534:. Retrieved
1530:the original
1525:
1488:. Retrieved
1481:the original
1468:
1443:. Retrieved
1423:
1412:. Retrieved
1408:
1399:
1376:
1370:
1358:. Retrieved
1354:the original
1349:
1325:. Retrieved
1322:tsp.esta.org
1321:
1312:
1305:
1289:
1233:
1225:
1221:
1209:
1205:
1201:
1192:
1188:
1185:
1176:
1154:
1147:
1138:
1113:
1104:
1095:
1090:
1086:
1083:
1080:
1075:
1066:
1062:refresh rate
1057:
1055:
1051:
1029:Transmitted
1010:
1001:
989:
984:
973:
956:
945:
922:
909:
905:
898:
853:
842:
835:
826:
822:
821:
818:XLR-3 pinout
812:
808:
804:
799:
795:
788:phone jack.
782:twisted pair
771:
759:Not Assigned
756:Not Assigned
742:RJ-45 pinout
720:XLR-5 pinout
710:
700:
695:
692:
688:
681:
677:
664:
655:
651:ground loops
647:
642:
638:
635:
627:twisted pair
620:DMX512 is a
619:
612:
578:
573:
555:
544:
536:fog machines
509:
492:
480:
468:
448:pyrotechnics
437:
433:
425:fog machines
396:
395:
324:XLR3 pinouts
237:Max. current
229:Max. voltage
153:XLR5 pinouts
138:
123:
114:
104:
97:
90:
83:
71:
59:Please help
54:verification
51:
2535:CoreConnect
2514:ExpressCard
2442:Thunderbolt
2432:Camera Link
2215:Bus and Tag
1901:Address bus
1896:Control bus
1891:Daisy chain
1807:OpenDMX.net
1218:Development
1173:Termination
1158:microphones
992:hexadecimal
622:bus network
590:Cat 5e
520:daisy chain
354:Daisy chain
240:250 mA
183:Daisy chain
2588:Categories
2388:ACCESS.bus
2287:Peripheral
2087:InfiniBand
2082:HP GSC bus
1876:System bus
1715:2019-05-24
1705:LSi Online
1567:2019-05-24
1490:2011-08-11
1445:2016-06-28
1414:2020-04-12
1327:18 January
1281:References
1179:120 Ω
1144:Connectors
924:Cat5 cable
917:line-level
913:120 Ω
778:Category 5
661:Connectors
631:120 Ω
609:Electrical
594:Cat 6
586:Cat 5
224:Electrical
87:newspapers
2349:Lightning
2299:Atari SIO
2174:SpaceWire
2007:Zorro III
1947:S-100 bus
1942:SS-50 bus
1935:Standards
1855:standards
1848:Technical
1526:plasa.org
1350:usitt.org
810:adapters.
559:120
379:Connector
216:Connector
2575:Category
2550:Wishbone
2523:Embedded
2502:Portable
2422:Profibus
2354:DMX512-A
2240:Parallel
2092:Ethernet
2002:Zorro II
1952:Multibus
1853:de facto
1774:19 March
1768:Archived
1744:19 March
1738:Archived
1709:Archived
1684:19 March
1634:19 March
1628:Archived
1603:Archived
1561:Archived
1536:19 March
1499:cite web
1454:cite web
1436:Archived
1360:19 March
1298:Archived
1247:See also
1116:Ethernet
1058:channels
934:Protocol
882:Optional
879:Optional
876:Optional
873:Optional
870:Optional
841:Data 1+
834:Data 1-
643:isolated
639:grounded
489:DMX512-A
401:standard
363:External
258:Protocol
192:External
76:"DMX512"
2555:SLIMbus
2509:PC Card
2493:TOSLINK
2183:Storage
2137:RapidIO
2017:FASTBUS
1972:STD Bus
1869:General
1409:Art-Net
1259:Art-Net
1241:Art-Net
946:At the
887:Cabling
864:Data 1+
861:Data 1-
780:(Cat5)
762:Data 2-
753:Data 2+
750:Data 1-
747:Data 1+
615:EIA-485
598:Art-Net
532:dimmers
477:History
306:data 2+
298:data 2-
290:data 1+
282:data 1-
250:Bitrate
101:scholar
18:DMX-512
2488:S/PDIF
2379:1-Wire
2344:RS-485
2339:RS-423
2334:RS-422
2329:RS-232
2190:ST-506
2147:NVLink
1997:STEbus
1957:Unibus
1387:
1235:using
1007:Timing
981:Framed
952:parity
867:Shield
831:Ground
800:cannon
669:style
397:DMX512
266:Pinout
103:
96:
89:
82:
74:
2483:McASP
2451:Audio
2396:SMBus
2392:PMBus
2374:UNI/O
2314:HP-IL
2267:SATAe
2252:ESCON
2225:HIPPI
2057:NuBus
2012:CAMAC
1982:Q-Bus
1977:SMBus
1962:VAXBI
1859:wired
1802:USITT
1795:from
1656:(PDF)
1606:(PDF)
1599:(PDF)
1484:(PDF)
1477:(PDF)
1439:(PDF)
1432:(PDF)
1381:PLASA
985:slots
976:break
516:nodes
399:is a
303:Pin 5
295:Pin 4
287:Pin 3
279:Pin 2
271:Pin 1
200:Cable
108:JSTOR
94:books
2540:AMBA
2478:MADI
2463:AES3
2324:MIDI
2277:NVMe
2273:AHCI
2235:SCSI
2220:DSSI
2195:ESDI
2072:SBus
2032:EISA
1967:MBus
1857:for
1850:and
1797:ESTA
1776:2018
1746:2018
1686:2018
1636:2018
1538:2018
1505:link
1460:link
1385:ISBN
1362:2018
1329:2024
1160:and
1131:The
774:8P8C
772:The
704:met:
684:8P8C
574:i.e.
538:and
495:ANSI
427:and
403:for
371:Pins
330:Type
245:Data
208:Pins
159:Type
80:news
2544:AXI
2473:I²S
2427:USB
2412:D²B
2407:SPI
2402:I3C
2384:I²C
2319:HIL
2304:DCB
2275:or
2262:SSA
2245:SAS
2205:SMD
2200:IPI
2122:AGP
2112:PXI
2102:PCI
2097:UPA
2077:VLB
2067:MCA
2052:VPX
2047:VXS
2042:VXI
2037:VME
2022:LPC
1992:ISA
1304:--
1274:RDM
1237:ACN
1043:88
1035:12
1032:92
1018:--
997:RDM
667:XLR
592:or
431:.
366:Yes
358:Yes
348:Yes
195:Yes
187:Yes
177:Yes
63:by
2590::
2394:,
2390:,
1766:.
1762:.
1736:.
1732:.
1707:.
1703:.
1672:.
1626:.
1622:.
1559:.
1555:.
1524:.
1513:^
1501:}}
1497:{{
1456:}}
1452:{{
1434:.
1407:.
1383:.
1379:.
1348:.
1337:^
1320:.
1152:.
1046:8
954:.
843:or
836:or
653:.
645:.
588:,
542:.
534:,
458:,
2546:)
2542:(
2398:)
2386:(
1840:e
1833:t
1826:v
1778:.
1748:.
1718:.
1688:.
1638:.
1570:.
1540:.
1507:)
1493:.
1462:)
1448:.
1417:.
1393:.
1364:.
1331:.
561:Ω
382:1
374:3
219:1
211:5
130:)
124:(
119:)
115:(
105:·
98:·
91:·
84:·
57:.
34:.
20:)
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