894:
57:
866:
405:
104:
878:
167:
319:
303:
153:
1369:
1924:
19:
344:
72:, described the richness of the Etruscan table: "Twice a day, the Etruscans prepared a sumptuous table with all the amenities of a fine life; arranged tablecloths embroidered with flowers; covered the table with a large quantity of silver crockery; had a considerable number of slaves serve them". This points to the life of wealthy men, quite different from that of the common people.
614:
188:, drinking and eating with opulence (also evident in the lids of the figurative sarcophagi). The frescoes show the richness of the crockery and everyday objects (such as dices) found in the tombs, accompanying the deceased into the afterlife with the memory of their earthly life.
43:
Most of our knowledge of the habits and customs of
Etruscan daily life is available through detailed observation of the funerary furnishings in their family tombs: decorated urns and sarcophagi, accompanied by everyday objects for both men and women, details of frescoes and
893:
116:
The
Etruscans' basic diet consisted mainly of cereal porridge and vegetables. Salt and freshwater fish were certainly part of the diet. Meat consumption was linked to ritual sacrifices and eaten on religious feast days. The
56:
713:
the centuries of varying length (up to 119 and 123 years, exceeding the maximum human lifespan), each passage of which is subject to prodigies (the
Etruscan nation was expected to last ten centuries) (Censor).
75:
The abundant forests of the
Etruscan territory enabled the construction of a maritime fleet, as well as mineral exploitation. The prosperity of its trade was based on the export of crafts (
877:
865:
859:
Some objects were originally from the area, while others were imported and then modified locally by adding figures (recognisable because they were more rudimentary).
1343:
365:
1670:
1424:
85:. From at least the 6th century BC, vine cultivation and wine production have been documented in the region, as evidenced by the manufacture of
36:
is difficult to trace, as few literary testimonies are available and
Etruscan historiography was highly controversial in the 19th century (see
315:
The frescoes depict dancers, and musicians playing various instruments. This practice is also present on the many
Hellenistic-inspired vases.
1469:
942:
In some cases, they had an above-average cultural background. They knew how to write, as evidenced by ceramic vases signed by the craftsman
1248:
1208:
1126:
391:
1082:, following the eponymous exhibition at the "Grand-Palais", Paris, between 15 September and 14 December 1992, and in Berlin in 1993
679:
the day from noon to noon (as opposed to midnight to midnight for the
Babylonians and Romans, and sunset to sunset for the Greeks)
330:
Festivities and rituals accompanied urban and agricultural life, and music was as much a part of this as the dancing it provoked.
933:
Poseidonius apud
Athenaeus 153d (here cited in the Loeb translation). The same sentiment is also echoed in Diodorus Siculus 5.40
1623:
48:, most of which were discovered in the 18th and 19th centuries, when the scientific study of their civilization really began.
1584:
369:
960:
Filipo
Delfino, translated from italian by Émilie Formoso, « La culture de la vigne et la consommation de vin »
910:
606:
1506:
1414:
1951:
1574:
831:
cult chariot (a zoomorphic figure with a mixture of bird bodies and deer heads, all mounted on wheels, on display at
354:
1569:
1495:
1338:
538:
373:
358:
1536:
1516:
1358:
1323:
404:
23:
1956:
1713:
134:
241:), pugilism and wrestling, throwing the discus, javelin, long jump, simple foot race or running with weapons (
251:(games), which later the Romans partly took up, were different, such as mounted horse racing (bas-reliefs in
1733:
1241:
287:
103:
1554:
1549:
802:
485:
292:
121:, depicted on vases in hunting scenes, was a highly prized game animal. Many kitchen utensils, colanders,
1368:
412:
1559:
1464:
1419:
1394:
1377:
1257:
915:
725:
585:
559:
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476:
422:
417:
323:
158:
32:
673:
296:
1796:
489:
430:
196:
1665:
1594:
1589:
884:
1923:
166:
1946:
1708:
1659:
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530:
436:
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was used to guide decision-making, and the remains of various buildings reveal the practice (the
291:, ritual and votive stage games, dance or ballet performances (including the histrionics), which
226:
125:, vases, bronze ladles and typical fish plates are on display in European museums, including the
237:
The
Etruscans drew direct inspiration from Greek practices for their pan-Etruscan sports games (
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1454:
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998:
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1444:
1381:
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1283:
1273:
1265:
790:
707:
702:
the elapsed years are indicated by a nail driven into the wall of the temple of the goddess
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1748:
1641:
1564:
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440:
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1771:
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683:
277:
260:
92:
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242:
1927:
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1399:
1348:
761:
138:
126:
18:
973:
Mireille Cebeillac-Gervasoni, « L'alimentation chez les Étrusques » in
1723:
1698:
1298:
848:
Vase with the full alphabet written around the rim (probably used as an inkwell)
828:
408:
Fish plate typical of southern Italy from the second half of the 4th century BC.
343:
45:
37:
1680:
551:
448:
426:
183:
181:
found in many Etruscan necropolis depict the Etruscans in the splendor of the
69:
1891:
1876:
1851:
1821:
1791:
1459:
1293:
832:
783:
737:
731:
693:
the months, based on the lunar cycle, with the full moon in the middle, the
593:
215:
211:
200:
171:
107:
1766:
613:
1906:
1901:
1896:
1881:
1861:
1693:
1688:
1479:
1439:
1328:
814:
807:
794:
772:
745:
510:
271:
205:
199:, also depicted in tomb frescoes, were an important part of their lives.
77:
1226:
1841:
1836:
1831:
1826:
1816:
1811:
1801:
1776:
1474:
1303:
87:
1521:
1449:
871:
Plate of various objects presumed to be Etruscan, in gold and bronze.
824:
703:
567:
178:
130:
61:
883:
Relief details of everyday objects on the walls and columns of the
513:, 5th century BC) with wooden soles held together by metal frames (
1911:
1871:
1856:
1806:
1781:
1761:
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1501:
1484:
1318:
776:
612:
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444:
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165:
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102:
55:
17:
1886:
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986:
852:
767:
247:
118:
82:
1230:
451:
gods), farming, warfare and town-building (protective genius).
443:, accompanied every gesture of daily life, including the home (
337:
295:
tells us were performed by an Etruscan tragedy writer called
91:
for transporting wine, which were widely distributed in the
460:
Passing on the father's and mother's surnames to children.
617:
The villa that became Roman, with its specific functions.
425:) or the superstitions and beliefs that accompanied it (
81:), large quantities of wine and the import of tin from
1091:
Note by R.Bianchi Bandinelli in Jean-Paul Thuillier,
60:
Table service from 550 - 500 BCE found in a tomb at
1747:
1679:
1603:
1535:
1376:
1264:
282:practised with the reins tied behind their backs.
1192:Les Étrusques: pouvoir, religion, vie quotidienne
22:Reconstruction of an Etruscan symposium at the
1242:
285:The Romans also took up other games known as
8:
1344:Arruns Tarquinius (son of Tarquin the Proud)
720:The villa and its well-attributed features:
475:Bell skirt (Tomb of Francesca Giustiniani -
1014:Varron, Treaty on the Latin language, V, 55
706:(taken over by the Romans in the temple of
592:, spectators from the Tomb of the Biges of
372:. Unsourced material may be challenged and
1249:
1235:
1227:
806:, the roasting spit (Chianciano Terme and
1190:Rossi, Fulvia; Locatelli, Davide (2010).
465:Equal rights and powers for men and women
392:Learn how and when to remove this message
484:Dancers' costumes and shoes with colts (
953:
926:
861:
299:, for a genuinely theatrical purpose.
1110:Les Étrusques. Peuple de la différence
1070:
1068:
1054:
1052:
669:Artisans who held important positions
7:
1167:(Klincksieck ed.). p. 228.
509:) widespread as far away as Athens (
370:adding citations to reliable sources
1220:Les Étrusques. Histoire d'un peuple
586:Tomb of the Lionesses of Monterozzi
112:(vase) in the shape of a dead hare.
1201:Les Étrusques: La fin d'un mystère
1093:Les Étrusques, la fin d'un mystère
1060:Les Étrusques, la fin d'un mystère
964:n°322 July-August 2007, p. 81
14:
1165:Vulci étrusque et étrusco-romaine
1046:, Hachette, 1961 and 1989, p. 229
1030:, Hachette, 1961 and 1989, p. 223
562:) with straps ("Tyrrhenian", the
322:Dance on a fresco from a tomb in
203:recounts their many games: dice,
157:Banquet fresco from tomb 5513 in
68:Nevertheless, a Greek historian,
1922:
1671:English words of Etruscan origin
1545:Battle of Alalia (540 BC–535 BC)
1367:
1156:La Vie quotidienne des Étrusques
1044:La Vie quotidienne des Étrusques
1028:La Vie quotidienne des Étrusques
892:
876:
864:
775:with ivory hand shaped handles (
588:, Sarcophagus of the Spouses of
554:, Velia Seitithi and her slave (
490:Tomb of the Leopards - Tarquinia
342:
1624:Corpus Inscriptionum Etruscarum
1425:Etruscan names for Greek heroes
1585:Battle of Lake Vadimo (310 BC)
1560:Battle of the Cremera (477 BC)
782:Cauldron or basin and tripod (
170:Another fresco transferred to
1:
1218:Thuillier, Jean-Paul (2003).
1199:Thuillier, Jean-Paul (1990).
962:in Les Dossiers d'archéologie
911:Women in the Etruscan society
690:) and market day on the ninth
672:The division of time and the
627:The founding ritual of a city
584:, a conical feminine bonnet (
1590:Battle of Populonia (282 BC)
1415:Corpus Speculorum Etruscorum
1174:Les Étrusques et leur destin
1147:À la rencontre des Étrusques
699:(which the Romans took over)
1575:Capture of Fidenae (435 BC)
1136:Briquel, Dominique (2012).
1117:Briquel, Dominique (1999).
1108:Briquel, Dominique (1993).
977:, No. 238, 1988, p. 21
439:, adapted from that of the
1973:
1580:Battle of Veii (c. 396 BC)
1570:Battle of Fidenae (437 BC)
1496:Sarcophagus of the Spouses
1339:Lucius Tarquinius Superbus
1181:Irollo, Jean-Marc (2010).
1145:Jannot, Jean-René (1987).
855:with tarpaulin under hoops
636:The aristocracy of princes
539:Sarcophagus of the Spouses
24:Museum of Chianciano Terme
1920:
1517:Tomb of the Roaring Lions
1365:
1359:Titus Vestricius Spurinna
1324:Lucius Tarquinius Priscus
1154:Heurgon, Jacques (1961).
1076:Les Étrusques et l'Europe
1714:National Etruscan Museum
1565:Battle of Cumae (474 BC)
1119:La Civilisation étrusque
1003:La Civilisation étrusque
135:National Etruscan Museum
95:and Mediterranean seas.
1734:Tumulus of Montefortini
1121:. Fayard. p. 353.
550:Brodequins worn by the
529:, shoes with a sheath (
1555:Siege of Rome (508 BC)
1550:Siege of Rome (509 BC)
1183:Histoire des Étrusques
618:
486:Tomb of the Triclinium
409:
327:
307:
174:
163:
113:
65:
27:
1465:Monterozzi necropolis
1258:Etruscan civilization
1058:Jean-Paul Thuillier,
916:Etruscan civilization
616:
609:(military decoration)
429:statues such as the "
407:
321:
305:
169:
155:
106:
59:
31:Daily life among the
21:
1797:Civita di Bagnoregio
1470:Mythological figures
845:The double-bulb vase
838:The perfume needle (
686:of eight full days (
666:Independent peasants
630:Roads between cities
366:improve this section
98:
1666:Tyrsenian languages
1595:Roman-Etruscan Wars
1507:Terracotta warriors
1172:Hus, Alain (1980).
1163:Hus, Alain (1971).
885:Tomb of the Reliefs
820:The half-moon razor
708:Jupiter Capitolinus
556:Tomb of the Shields
413:Etruscan divination
1952:Etruscan artefacts
1709:Monteleone Chariot
1660:Tabula Cortonensis
1440:Haruspex/Extispicy
1279:Villanovan culture
1080:Massimo Pallottino
619:
531:Tomb of the Augurs
437:Etruscan mythology
410:
328:
308:
259:, chariot racing (
175:
164:
114:
66:
28:
1934:
1933:
1704:Impasto (pottery)
1455:Liver of Piacenza
1405:Chimera of Arezzo
999:Dominique Briquel
674:Etruscan calendar
535:Tomb of the Baron
402:
401:
394:
255:), acrobatics by
1964:
1926:
1647:Lemnian language
1618:Cippus Perusinus
1537:Military history
1371:
1289:Founding of Rome
1284:Padanian Etruria
1251:
1244:
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851:The two-wheeled
791:Chianciano Terme
789:Cheese graters (
645:Freed servants (
622:Social structure
397:
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377:
346:
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1972:
1971:
1967:
1966:
1965:
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1957:Etruscan cities
1937:
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1743:
1675:
1642:Raetic language
1599:
1531:
1435:Fanum Voltumnae
1430:Tiburtine Sibyl
1420:Etruscan League
1372:
1363:
1334:Servius Tullius
1314:Caelius Vibenna
1260:
1255:
1222:. Armand Colin.
1217:
1211:
1198:
1189:
1180:
1171:
1162:
1153:
1149:. Ouest France.
1144:
1140:(2nd ed.).
1135:
1129:
1116:
1112:. Armand Colin.
1107:
1104:
1099:
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1057:
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1040:Jacques Heurgon
1038:
1034:
1024:Jacques Heurgon
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869:
840:Poggio Civitate
757:
682:the weeks, the
624:
603:
601:Horse equipment
577:
499:
472:
457:
431:cowboy of Murlo
423:Etruscan temple
398:
387:
381:
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347:
336:
313:
253:Poggio Civitate
194:
150:
101:
99:Etruscan's diet
54:
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1968:
1960:
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1653:Tabula Capuana
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1390:Apollo of Veii
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1354:Lars Tolumnius
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1078:, prefaced by
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899:Etruscan razor
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537:- Monterozzi,
527:Calcei repandi
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248:ludi circenses
197:Etruscan games
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145:The pomp of a
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1867:San Giovenale
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1729:Tomb of Orcus
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1637:Pyrgi Tablets
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1631:Liber Linteus
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1512:Titus Larcius
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1309:Aulus Vibenna
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1210:2-07-053026-4
1206:
1203:. Gallimard.
1202:
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1188:
1184:
1179:
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1170:
1166:
1161:
1157:
1152:
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1138:Les Étrusques
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1128:2-213-60385-5
1124:
1120:
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1005:, p. 177-179.
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829:theriomorphic
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621:
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583:
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569:
566:according to
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356:
351:This section
349:
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333:
331:
325:
320:
316:
310:
304:
300:
298:
294:
290:
289:
288:ludi scaenici
283:
281:
279:
275:), which the
274:
273:
268:
264:
263:
258:
254:
250:
249:
244:
243:hoplitodromia
240:
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63:
58:
51:
49:
47:
41:
39:
35:
34:
25:
20:
16:
1847:Poggio Colla
1739:Vicus Tuscus
1719:Negau helmet
1658:
1651:
1629:
1622:
1494:
1395:Architecture
1349:Lars Porsena
1219:
1200:
1191:
1182:
1173:
1164:
1155:
1146:
1137:
1118:
1109:
1102:Bibliography
1092:
1087:
1075:
1059:
1043:
1035:
1027:
1019:
1010:
1002:
994:
982:
974:
969:
961:
956:
938:
929:
858:
801:
755:Some objects
744:
736:
730:
724:
694:
687:
660:
653:
646:
640:
633:The citizens
581:
563:
526:
506:
503:
435:
416:
411:
388:
379:
364:Please help
352:
329:
314:
286:
284:
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270:
266:
261:
256:
246:
238:
236:
231:
225:
221:
210:
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195:
182:
176:
156:
146:
139:Villa Giulia
127:Altes Museum
122:
115:
108:
86:
76:
74:
67:
42:
30:
29:
15:
1724:Portonaccio
1699:Etruscology
1299:Tyrrhenians
1158:. Hachette.
975:Archeologia
760:The simple
552:Arringatore
227:Askôliasmos
46:bas-reliefs
38:Etruscology
1941:Categories
1757:Acquarossa
1681:Archeology
1074:p. 279 in
949:References
732:compluvium
641:gentilices
560:Monterozzi
504:Tyrrhenica
477:Monterozzi
427:acroterial
324:Monterozzi
257:desultores
184:Triclinium
159:Monterozzi
93:Tyrrhenian
70:Posidonios
1947:Etruscans
1892:Vetulonia
1877:Tarquinia
1852:Populonia
1822:Fescennia
1792:Cerveteri
1749:Key sites
1460:Mezentius
1294:Tyrrhenus
1185:. Tempus.
1176:. Picard.
833:Tarquinia
803:Graffione
784:Tarquinia
773:Hand fans
738:impluvium
729:with its
594:Tarquinia
502:Sandals (
382:June 2023
353:does not
311:The music
239:Volsinies
216:harpastum
212:episkyros
201:Herodotus
192:The games
172:Tarquinia
52:The table
33:Etruscans
1907:Volterra
1902:Volsinii
1897:Vie Cave
1882:Tuscania
1862:Rusellae
1694:Cuniculi
1689:Bucchero
1613:Alphabet
1605:Language
1490:Religion
1480:Poppilia
1329:Tanaquil
1194:. Hazan.
989:, VII, 2
905:See also
815:colander
808:Piombino
795:Sarteano
746:tablinum
688:nundinae
661:penestes
652:Slaves (
515:Bisenzio
511:Cratinos
507:sandalia
470:Clothing
421:for the
306:Musician
280:(slaves)
272:quadriga
245:). Some
209:, ball (
206:kottabos
179:frescoes
133:and the
123:amphorae
109:Aryballe
88:amphorae
78:bucchero
1842:Perusia
1837:Orvieto
1832:Norchia
1827:Fidenae
1817:Falerii
1812:Etruria
1802:Clusium
1777:Bologna
1772:Baratti
1475:Persius
1445:Jewelry
1382:society
1378:Culture
1304:Tarchon
1274:Origins
1266:History
1095:, p. 56
1062:, p. 56
659:Serfs (
647:oiketes
607:Phalera
582:tutulus
449:Penates
418:templum
374:removed
359:sources
297:Volnius
186:banquet
147:banquet
1928:Portal
1767:Aleria
1522:Vegoia
1450:Lausus
1207:
1125:
825:censer
817:handle
762:plough
726:atrium
704:Nortia
654:servus
568:Virgil
455:Family
441:Greeks
278:auriga
230:, and
222:Phersu
131:Louvre
129:, the
62:Chiusi
1912:Vulci
1872:Spina
1857:Pyrgi
1807:Cumae
1782:Caere
1762:Adria
1527:Vulca
1502:Tages
1485:Raeti
1410:Coins
1319:Capys
922:Notes
777:Vulci
684:nones
590:Caere
543:Caere
519:Caere
497:Shoes
445:Lares
293:Varro
267:triga
232:borsa
1887:Veii
1787:Ceri
1380:and
1205:ISBN
1123:ISBN
987:Livy
853:cart
827:, a
823:The
813:The
800:The
793:and
768:comb
766:The
743:the
735:and
723:the
696:Ides
639:The
580:The
575:Hats
447:and
433:").
357:any
355:cite
269:and
262:biga
177:The
119:hare
83:Gaul
1400:Art
541:of
368:by
214:or
137:at
40:).
1943::
1067:^
1051:^
1042:,
1026:,
1001:,
676::
558:-
533:,
517:,
488:,
265:,
234:.
224:,
220:,
141:.
1250:e
1243:t
1236:v
1213:.
1131:.
887:.
842:)
835:)
810:)
797:)
786:)
779:)
710:)
663:)
656:)
649:)
596:)
570:)
545:)
521:)
492:)
479:)
395:)
389:(
384:)
380:(
376:.
362:.
326:.
218:)
161:.
64:.
26:.
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