Knowledge (XXG)

Daily life of the Etruscans

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894: 57: 866: 405: 104: 878: 167: 319: 303: 153: 1369: 1924: 19: 344: 72:, described the richness of the Etruscan table: "Twice a day, the Etruscans prepared a sumptuous table with all the amenities of a fine life; arranged tablecloths embroidered with flowers; covered the table with a large quantity of silver crockery; had a considerable number of slaves serve them". This points to the life of wealthy men, quite different from that of the common people. 614: 188:, drinking and eating with opulence (also evident in the lids of the figurative sarcophagi). The frescoes show the richness of the crockery and everyday objects (such as dices) found in the tombs, accompanying the deceased into the afterlife with the memory of their earthly life. 43:
Most of our knowledge of the habits and customs of Etruscan daily life is available through detailed observation of the funerary furnishings in their family tombs: decorated urns and sarcophagi, accompanied by everyday objects for both men and women, details of frescoes and
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The Etruscans' basic diet consisted mainly of cereal porridge and vegetables. Salt and freshwater fish were certainly part of the diet. Meat consumption was linked to ritual sacrifices and eaten on religious feast days. The
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the centuries of varying length (up to 119 and 123 years, exceeding the maximum human lifespan), each passage of which is subject to prodigies (the Etruscan nation was expected to last ten centuries) (Censor).
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The abundant forests of the Etruscan territory enabled the construction of a maritime fleet, as well as mineral exploitation. The prosperity of its trade was based on the export of crafts (
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Some objects were originally from the area, while others were imported and then modified locally by adding figures (recognisable because they were more rudimentary).
1343: 365: 1670: 1424: 85:. From at least the 6th century BC, vine cultivation and wine production have been documented in the region, as evidenced by the manufacture of 36:
is difficult to trace, as few literary testimonies are available and Etruscan historiography was highly controversial in the 19th century (see
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The frescoes depict dancers, and musicians playing various instruments. This practice is also present on the many Hellenistic-inspired vases.
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In some cases, they had an above-average cultural background. They knew how to write, as evidenced by ceramic vases signed by the craftsman
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the day from noon to noon (as opposed to midnight to midnight for the Babylonians and Romans, and sunset to sunset for the Greeks)
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Festivities and rituals accompanied urban and agricultural life, and music was as much a part of this as the dancing it provoked.
933:
Poseidonius apud Athenaeus 153d (here cited in the Loeb translation). The same sentiment is also echoed in Diodorus Siculus 5.40
1623: 48:, most of which were discovered in the 18th and 19th centuries, when the scientific study of their civilization really began. 1584: 369: 960:
Filipo Delfino, translated from italian by Émilie Formoso, « La culture de la vigne et la consommation de vin »
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cult chariot (a zoomorphic figure with a mixture of bird bodies and deer heads, all mounted on wheels, on display at
354: 1569: 1495: 1338: 538: 373: 358: 1536: 1516: 1358: 1323: 404: 23: 1956: 1713: 134: 241:), pugilism and wrestling, throwing the discus, javelin, long jump, simple foot race or running with weapons ( 251:(games), which later the Romans partly took up, were different, such as mounted horse racing (bas-reliefs in 1733: 1241: 287: 103: 1554: 1549: 802: 485: 292: 121:, depicted on vases in hunting scenes, was a highly prized game animal. Many kitchen utensils, colanders, 1368: 412: 1559: 1464: 1419: 1394: 1377: 1257: 915: 725: 585: 559: 555: 534: 476: 422: 417: 323: 158: 32: 673: 296: 1796: 489: 430: 196: 1665: 1594: 1589: 884: 1923: 166: 1946: 1708: 1659: 1278: 1234: 1079: 530: 436: 415:
was used to guide decision-making, and the remains of various buildings reveal the practice (the
291:, ritual and votive stage games, dance or ballet performances (including the histrionics), which 226: 125:, vases, bronze ladles and typical fish plates are on display in European museums, including the 237:
The Etruscans drew direct inspiration from Greek practices for their pan-Etruscan sports games (
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the elapsed years are indicated by a nail driven into the wall of the temple of the goddess
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Mireille Cebeillac-Gervasoni, « L'alimentation chez les Étrusques » in
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Vase with the full alphabet written around the rim (probably used as an inkwell)
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Fish plate typical of southern Italy from the second half of the 4th century BC.
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found in many Etruscan necropolis depict the Etruscans in the splendor of the
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the months, based on the lunar cycle, with the full moon in the middle, the
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Plate of various objects presumed to be Etruscan, in gold and bronze.
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Relief details of everyday objects on the walls and columns of the
513:, 5th century BC) with wooden soles held together by metal frames ( 1911: 1871: 1856: 1806: 1781: 1761: 1526: 1501: 1484: 1318: 776: 612: 589: 542: 518: 444: 403: 317: 301: 165: 151: 102: 55: 17: 1886: 1786: 986: 852: 767: 247: 118: 82: 1230: 451:
gods), farming, warfare and town-building (protective genius).
443:, accompanied every gesture of daily life, including the home ( 337: 295:
tells us were performed by an Etruscan tragedy writer called
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for transporting wine, which were widely distributed in the
460:
Passing on the father's and mother's surnames to children.
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The villa that became Roman, with its specific functions.
425:) or the superstitions and beliefs that accompanied it ( 81:), large quantities of wine and the import of tin from 1091:
Note by R.Bianchi Bandinelli in Jean-Paul Thuillier,
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Table service from 550 - 500 BCE found in a tomb at
1747: 1679: 1603: 1535: 1376: 1264: 282:practised with the reins tied behind their backs. 1192:Les Étrusques: pouvoir, religion, vie quotidienne 22:Reconstruction of an Etruscan symposium at the 1242: 285:The Romans also took up other games known as 8: 1344:Arruns Tarquinius (son of Tarquin the Proud) 720:The villa and its well-attributed features: 475:Bell skirt (Tomb of Francesca Giustiniani - 1014:Varron, Treaty on the Latin language, V, 55 706:(taken over by the Romans in the temple of 592:, spectators from the Tomb of the Biges of 372:. Unsourced material may be challenged and 1249: 1235: 1227: 806:, the roasting spit (Chianciano Terme and 1190:Rossi, Fulvia; Locatelli, Davide (2010). 465:Equal rights and powers for men and women 392:Learn how and when to remove this message 484:Dancers' costumes and shoes with colts ( 953: 926: 861: 299:, for a genuinely theatrical purpose. 1110:Les Étrusques. Peuple de la différence 1070: 1068: 1054: 1052: 669:Artisans who held important positions 7: 1167:(Klincksieck ed.). p. 228. 509:) widespread as far away as Athens ( 370:adding citations to reliable sources 1220:Les Étrusques. Histoire d'un peuple 586:Tomb of the Lionesses of Monterozzi 112:(vase) in the shape of a dead hare. 1201:Les Étrusques: La fin d'un mystère 1093:Les Étrusques, la fin d'un mystère 1060:Les Étrusques, la fin d'un mystère 964:n°322 July-August 2007, p. 81 14: 1165:Vulci étrusque et étrusco-romaine 1046:, Hachette, 1961 and 1989, p. 229 1030:, Hachette, 1961 and 1989, p. 223 562:) with straps ("Tyrrhenian", the 322:Dance on a fresco from a tomb in 203:recounts their many games: dice, 157:Banquet fresco from tomb 5513 in 68:Nevertheless, a Greek historian, 1922: 1671:English words of Etruscan origin 1545:Battle of Alalia (540 BC–535 BC) 1367: 1156:La Vie quotidienne des Étrusques 1044:La Vie quotidienne des Étrusques 1028:La Vie quotidienne des Étrusques 892: 876: 864: 775:with ivory hand shaped handles ( 588:, Sarcophagus of the Spouses of 554:, Velia Seitithi and her slave ( 490:Tomb of the Leopards - Tarquinia 342: 1624:Corpus Inscriptionum Etruscarum 1425:Etruscan names for Greek heroes 1585:Battle of Lake Vadimo (310 BC) 1560:Battle of the Cremera (477 BC) 782:Cauldron or basin and tripod ( 170:Another fresco transferred to 1: 1218:Thuillier, Jean-Paul (2003). 1199:Thuillier, Jean-Paul (1990). 962:in Les Dossiers d'archéologie 911:Women in the Etruscan society 690:) and market day on the ninth 672:The division of time and the 627:The founding ritual of a city 584:, a conical feminine bonnet ( 1590:Battle of Populonia (282 BC) 1415:Corpus Speculorum Etruscorum 1174:Les Étrusques et leur destin 1147:À la rencontre des Étrusques 699:(which the Romans took over) 1575:Capture of Fidenae (435 BC) 1136:Briquel, Dominique (2012). 1117:Briquel, Dominique (1999). 1108:Briquel, Dominique (1993). 977:, No. 238, 1988, p. 21 439:, adapted from that of the 1973: 1580:Battle of Veii (c. 396 BC) 1570:Battle of Fidenae (437 BC) 1496:Sarcophagus of the Spouses 1339:Lucius Tarquinius Superbus 1181:Irollo, Jean-Marc (2010). 1145:Jannot, Jean-René (1987). 855:with tarpaulin under hoops 636:The aristocracy of princes 539:Sarcophagus of the Spouses 24:Museum of Chianciano Terme 1920: 1517:Tomb of the Roaring Lions 1365: 1359:Titus Vestricius Spurinna 1324:Lucius Tarquinius Priscus 1154:Heurgon, Jacques (1961). 1076:Les Étrusques et l'Europe 1714:National Etruscan Museum 1565:Battle of Cumae (474 BC) 1119:La Civilisation étrusque 1003:La Civilisation étrusque 135:National Etruscan Museum 95:and Mediterranean seas. 1734:Tumulus of Montefortini 1121:. Fayard. p. 353. 550:Brodequins worn by the 529:, shoes with a sheath ( 1555:Siege of Rome (508 BC) 1550:Siege of Rome (509 BC) 1183:Histoire des Étrusques 618: 486:Tomb of the Triclinium 409: 327: 307: 174: 163: 113: 65: 27: 1465:Monterozzi necropolis 1258:Etruscan civilization 1058:Jean-Paul Thuillier, 916:Etruscan civilization 616: 609:(military decoration) 429:statues such as the " 407: 321: 305: 169: 155: 106: 59: 31:Daily life among the 21: 1797:Civita di Bagnoregio 1470:Mythological figures 845:The double-bulb vase 838:The perfume needle ( 686:of eight full days ( 666:Independent peasants 630:Roads between cities 366:improve this section 98: 1666:Tyrsenian languages 1595:Roman-Etruscan Wars 1507:Terracotta warriors 1172:Hus, Alain (1980). 1163:Hus, Alain (1971). 885:Tomb of the Reliefs 820:The half-moon razor 708:Jupiter Capitolinus 556:Tomb of the Shields 413:Etruscan divination 1952:Etruscan artefacts 1709:Monteleone Chariot 1660:Tabula Cortonensis 1440:Haruspex/Extispicy 1279:Villanovan culture 1080:Massimo Pallottino 619: 531:Tomb of the Augurs 437:Etruscan mythology 410: 328: 308: 259:, chariot racing ( 175: 164: 114: 66: 28: 1934: 1933: 1704:Impasto (pottery) 1455:Liver of Piacenza 1405:Chimera of Arezzo 999:Dominique Briquel 674:Etruscan calendar 535:Tomb of the Baron 402: 401: 394: 255:), acrobatics by 1964: 1926: 1647:Lemnian language 1618:Cippus Perusinus 1537:Military history 1371: 1289:Founding of Rome 1284:Padanian Etruria 1251: 1244: 1237: 1228: 1223: 1214: 1195: 1186: 1177: 1168: 1159: 1150: 1141: 1132: 1113: 1096: 1089: 1083: 1072: 1063: 1056: 1047: 1037: 1031: 1021: 1015: 1012: 1006: 996: 990: 984: 978: 971: 965: 958: 943: 940: 934: 931: 896: 880: 868: 851:The two-wheeled 791:Chianciano Terme 789:Cheese graters ( 645:Freed servants ( 622:Social structure 397: 390: 386: 383: 377: 346: 338: 1972: 1971: 1967: 1966: 1965: 1963: 1962: 1961: 1957:Etruscan cities 1937: 1936: 1935: 1930: 1916: 1743: 1675: 1642:Raetic language 1599: 1531: 1435:Fanum Voltumnae 1430:Tiburtine Sibyl 1420:Etruscan League 1372: 1363: 1334:Servius Tullius 1314:Caelius Vibenna 1260: 1255: 1222:. Armand Colin. 1217: 1211: 1198: 1189: 1180: 1171: 1162: 1153: 1149:. Ouest France. 1144: 1140:(2nd ed.). 1135: 1129: 1116: 1112:. Armand Colin. 1107: 1104: 1099: 1090: 1086: 1073: 1066: 1057: 1050: 1040:Jacques Heurgon 1038: 1034: 1024:Jacques Heurgon 1022: 1018: 1013: 1009: 997: 993: 985: 981: 972: 968: 959: 955: 951: 946: 941: 937: 932: 928: 924: 907: 900: 897: 888: 881: 872: 869: 840:Poggio Civitate 757: 682:the weeks, the 624: 603: 601:Horse equipment 577: 499: 472: 457: 431:cowboy of Murlo 423:Etruscan temple 398: 387: 381: 378: 363: 347: 336: 313: 253:Poggio Civitate 194: 150: 101: 99:Etruscan's diet 54: 12: 11: 5: 1970: 1968: 1960: 1959: 1954: 1949: 1939: 1938: 1932: 1931: 1921: 1918: 1917: 1915: 1914: 1909: 1904: 1899: 1894: 1889: 1884: 1879: 1874: 1869: 1864: 1859: 1854: 1849: 1844: 1839: 1834: 1829: 1824: 1819: 1814: 1809: 1804: 1799: 1794: 1789: 1784: 1779: 1774: 1769: 1764: 1759: 1753: 1751: 1745: 1744: 1742: 1741: 1736: 1731: 1726: 1721: 1716: 1711: 1706: 1701: 1696: 1691: 1685: 1683: 1677: 1676: 1674: 1673: 1668: 1663: 1656: 1653:Tabula Capuana 1649: 1644: 1639: 1634: 1627: 1620: 1615: 1609: 1607: 1601: 1600: 1598: 1597: 1592: 1587: 1582: 1577: 1572: 1567: 1562: 1557: 1552: 1547: 1541: 1539: 1533: 1532: 1530: 1529: 1524: 1519: 1514: 1509: 1504: 1499: 1492: 1487: 1482: 1477: 1472: 1467: 1462: 1457: 1452: 1447: 1442: 1437: 1432: 1427: 1422: 1417: 1412: 1407: 1402: 1397: 1392: 1390:Apollo of Veii 1386: 1384: 1374: 1373: 1366: 1364: 1362: 1361: 1356: 1354:Lars Tolumnius 1351: 1346: 1341: 1336: 1331: 1326: 1321: 1316: 1311: 1306: 1301: 1296: 1291: 1286: 1281: 1276: 1270: 1268: 1262: 1261: 1256: 1254: 1253: 1246: 1239: 1231: 1225: 1224: 1215: 1209: 1196: 1187: 1178: 1169: 1160: 1151: 1142: 1133: 1127: 1114: 1103: 1100: 1098: 1097: 1084: 1078:, prefaced by 1064: 1048: 1032: 1016: 1007: 991: 979: 966: 952: 950: 947: 945: 944: 935: 925: 923: 920: 919: 918: 913: 906: 903: 902: 901: 899:Etruscan razor 898: 891: 889: 882: 875: 873: 870: 863: 857: 856: 849: 846: 843: 836: 821: 818: 811: 798: 787: 780: 770: 764: 756: 753: 752: 751: 750: 749: 741: 717: 716: 715: 714: 711: 700: 691: 680: 670: 667: 664: 657: 650: 643: 637: 634: 631: 628: 623: 620: 611: 610: 602: 599: 598: 597: 576: 573: 572: 571: 564:Tyrrhena pedum 547: 546: 537:- Monterozzi, 527:Calcei repandi 523: 522: 498: 495: 494: 493: 481: 480: 471: 468: 467: 466: 462: 461: 456: 453: 400: 399: 350: 348: 341: 335: 334:Social rituals 332: 312: 309: 248:ludi circenses 197:Etruscan games 193: 190: 149: 145:The pomp of a 143: 100: 97: 53: 50: 13: 10: 9: 6: 4: 3: 2: 1969: 1958: 1955: 1953: 1950: 1948: 1945: 1944: 1942: 1929: 1925: 1919: 1913: 1910: 1908: 1905: 1903: 1900: 1898: 1895: 1893: 1890: 1888: 1885: 1883: 1880: 1878: 1875: 1873: 1870: 1868: 1867:San Giovenale 1865: 1863: 1860: 1858: 1855: 1853: 1850: 1848: 1845: 1843: 1840: 1838: 1835: 1833: 1830: 1828: 1825: 1823: 1820: 1818: 1815: 1813: 1810: 1808: 1805: 1803: 1800: 1798: 1795: 1793: 1790: 1788: 1785: 1783: 1780: 1778: 1775: 1773: 1770: 1768: 1765: 1763: 1760: 1758: 1755: 1754: 1752: 1750: 1746: 1740: 1737: 1735: 1732: 1730: 1729:Tomb of Orcus 1727: 1725: 1722: 1720: 1717: 1715: 1712: 1710: 1707: 1705: 1702: 1700: 1697: 1695: 1692: 1690: 1687: 1686: 1684: 1682: 1678: 1672: 1669: 1667: 1664: 1662: 1661: 1657: 1655: 1654: 1650: 1648: 1645: 1643: 1640: 1638: 1637:Pyrgi Tablets 1635: 1633: 1632: 1631:Liber Linteus 1628: 1626: 1625: 1621: 1619: 1616: 1614: 1611: 1610: 1608: 1606: 1602: 1596: 1593: 1591: 1588: 1586: 1583: 1581: 1578: 1576: 1573: 1571: 1568: 1566: 1563: 1561: 1558: 1556: 1553: 1551: 1548: 1546: 1543: 1542: 1540: 1538: 1534: 1528: 1525: 1523: 1520: 1518: 1515: 1513: 1512:Titus Larcius 1510: 1508: 1505: 1503: 1500: 1498: 1497: 1493: 1491: 1488: 1486: 1483: 1481: 1478: 1476: 1473: 1471: 1468: 1466: 1463: 1461: 1458: 1456: 1453: 1451: 1448: 1446: 1443: 1441: 1438: 1436: 1433: 1431: 1428: 1426: 1423: 1421: 1418: 1416: 1413: 1411: 1408: 1406: 1403: 1401: 1398: 1396: 1393: 1391: 1388: 1387: 1385: 1383: 1379: 1375: 1370: 1360: 1357: 1355: 1352: 1350: 1347: 1345: 1342: 1340: 1337: 1335: 1332: 1330: 1327: 1325: 1322: 1320: 1317: 1315: 1312: 1310: 1309:Aulus Vibenna 1307: 1305: 1302: 1300: 1297: 1295: 1292: 1290: 1287: 1285: 1282: 1280: 1277: 1275: 1272: 1271: 1269: 1267: 1263: 1259: 1252: 1247: 1245: 1240: 1238: 1233: 1232: 1229: 1221: 1216: 1212: 1210:2-07-053026-4 1206: 1203:. Gallimard. 1202: 1197: 1193: 1188: 1184: 1179: 1175: 1170: 1166: 1161: 1157: 1152: 1148: 1143: 1139: 1138:Les Étrusques 1134: 1130: 1128:2-213-60385-5 1124: 1120: 1115: 1111: 1106: 1105: 1101: 1094: 1088: 1085: 1081: 1077: 1071: 1069: 1065: 1061: 1055: 1053: 1049: 1045: 1041: 1036: 1033: 1029: 1025: 1020: 1017: 1011: 1008: 1005:, p. 177-179. 1004: 1000: 995: 992: 988: 983: 980: 976: 970: 967: 963: 957: 954: 948: 939: 936: 930: 927: 921: 917: 914: 912: 909: 908: 904: 895: 890: 886: 879: 874: 867: 862: 860: 854: 850: 847: 844: 841: 837: 834: 830: 829:theriomorphic 826: 822: 819: 816: 812: 809: 805: 804: 799: 796: 792: 788: 785: 781: 778: 774: 771: 769: 765: 763: 759: 758: 754: 748: 747: 742: 740: 739: 734: 733: 728: 727: 722: 721: 719: 718: 712: 709: 705: 701: 698: 697: 692: 689: 685: 681: 678: 677: 675: 671: 668: 665: 662: 658: 655: 651: 648: 644: 642: 638: 635: 632: 629: 626: 625: 621: 615: 608: 605: 604: 600: 595: 591: 587: 583: 579: 578: 574: 569: 566:according to 565: 561: 557: 553: 549: 548: 544: 540: 536: 532: 528: 525: 524: 520: 516: 512: 508: 505: 501: 500: 496: 491: 487: 483: 482: 478: 474: 473: 469: 464: 463: 459: 458: 454: 452: 450: 446: 442: 438: 434: 432: 428: 424: 420: 419: 414: 406: 396: 393: 385: 375: 371: 367: 361: 360: 356: 351:This section 349: 345: 340: 339: 333: 331: 325: 320: 316: 310: 304: 300: 298: 294: 290: 289: 288:ludi scaenici 283: 281: 279: 275:), which the 274: 273: 268: 264: 263: 258: 254: 250: 249: 244: 243:hoplitodromia 240: 235: 233: 229: 228: 223: 219: 217: 213: 208: 207: 202: 198: 191: 189: 187: 185: 180: 173: 168: 162: 160: 154: 148: 144: 142: 140: 136: 132: 128: 124: 120: 111: 110: 105: 96: 94: 90: 89: 84: 80: 79: 73: 71: 63: 58: 51: 49: 47: 41: 39: 35: 34: 25: 20: 16: 1847:Poggio Colla 1739:Vicus Tuscus 1719:Negau helmet 1658: 1651: 1629: 1622: 1494: 1395:Architecture 1349:Lars Porsena 1219: 1200: 1191: 1182: 1173: 1164: 1155: 1146: 1137: 1118: 1109: 1102:Bibliography 1092: 1087: 1075: 1059: 1043: 1035: 1027: 1019: 1010: 1002: 994: 982: 974: 969: 961: 956: 938: 929: 858: 801: 755:Some objects 744: 736: 730: 724: 694: 687: 660: 653: 646: 640: 633:The citizens 581: 563: 526: 506: 503: 435: 416: 411: 388: 379: 364:Please help 352: 329: 314: 286: 284: 276: 270: 266: 261: 256: 246: 238: 236: 231: 225: 221: 210: 204: 195: 182: 176: 156: 146: 139:Villa Giulia 127:Altes Museum 122: 115: 108: 86: 76: 74: 67: 42: 30: 29: 15: 1724:Portonaccio 1699:Etruscology 1299:Tyrrhenians 1158:. Hachette. 975:Archeologia 760:The simple 552:Arringatore 227:Askôliasmos 46:bas-reliefs 38:Etruscology 1941:Categories 1757:Acquarossa 1681:Archeology 1074:p. 279 in 949:References 732:compluvium 641:gentilices 560:Monterozzi 504:Tyrrhenica 477:Monterozzi 427:acroterial 324:Monterozzi 257:desultores 184:Triclinium 159:Monterozzi 93:Tyrrhenian 70:Posidonios 1947:Etruscans 1892:Vetulonia 1877:Tarquinia 1852:Populonia 1822:Fescennia 1792:Cerveteri 1749:Key sites 1460:Mezentius 1294:Tyrrhenus 1185:. Tempus. 1176:. Picard. 833:Tarquinia 803:Graffione 784:Tarquinia 773:Hand fans 738:impluvium 729:with its 594:Tarquinia 502:Sandals ( 382:June 2023 353:does not 311:The music 239:Volsinies 216:harpastum 212:episkyros 201:Herodotus 192:The games 172:Tarquinia 52:The table 33:Etruscans 1907:Volterra 1902:Volsinii 1897:Vie Cave 1882:Tuscania 1862:Rusellae 1694:Cuniculi 1689:Bucchero 1613:Alphabet 1605:Language 1490:Religion 1480:Poppilia 1329:Tanaquil 1194:. Hazan. 989:, VII, 2 905:See also 815:colander 808:Piombino 795:Sarteano 746:tablinum 688:nundinae 661:penestes 652:Slaves ( 515:Bisenzio 511:Cratinos 507:sandalia 470:Clothing 421:for the 306:Musician 280:(slaves) 272:quadriga 245:). Some 209:, ball ( 206:kottabos 179:frescoes 133:and the 123:amphorae 109:Aryballe 88:amphorae 78:bucchero 1842:Perusia 1837:Orvieto 1832:Norchia 1827:Fidenae 1817:Falerii 1812:Etruria 1802:Clusium 1777:Bologna 1772:Baratti 1475:Persius 1445:Jewelry 1382:society 1378:Culture 1304:Tarchon 1274:Origins 1266:History 1095:, p. 56 1062:, p. 56 659:Serfs ( 647:oiketes 607:Phalera 582:tutulus 449:Penates 418:templum 374:removed 359:sources 297:Volnius 186:banquet 147:banquet 1928:Portal 1767:Aleria 1522:Vegoia 1450:Lausus 1207:  1125:  825:censer 817:handle 762:plough 726:atrium 704:Nortia 654:servus 568:Virgil 455:Family 441:Greeks 278:auriga 230:, and 222:Phersu 131:Louvre 129:, the 62:Chiusi 1912:Vulci 1872:Spina 1857:Pyrgi 1807:Cumae 1782:Caere 1762:Adria 1527:Vulca 1502:Tages 1485:Raeti 1410:Coins 1319:Capys 922:Notes 777:Vulci 684:nones 590:Caere 543:Caere 519:Caere 497:Shoes 445:Lares 293:Varro 267:triga 232:borsa 1887:Veii 1787:Ceri 1380:and 1205:ISBN 1123:ISBN 987:Livy 853:cart 827:, a 823:The 813:The 800:The 793:and 768:comb 766:The 743:the 735:and 723:the 696:Ides 639:The 580:The 575:Hats 447:and 433:"). 357:any 355:cite 269:and 262:biga 177:The 119:hare 83:Gaul 1400:Art 541:of 368:by 214:or 137:at 40:). 1943:: 1067:^ 1051:^ 1042:, 1026:, 1001:, 676:: 558:- 533:, 517:, 488:, 265:, 234:. 224:, 220:, 141:. 1250:e 1243:t 1236:v 1213:. 1131:. 887:. 842:) 835:) 810:) 797:) 786:) 779:) 710:) 663:) 656:) 649:) 596:) 570:) 545:) 521:) 492:) 479:) 395:) 389:( 384:) 380:( 376:. 362:. 326:. 218:) 161:. 64:. 26:.

Index


Museum of Chianciano Terme
Etruscans
Etruscology
bas-reliefs

Chiusi
Posidonios
bucchero
Gaul
amphorae
Tyrrhenian

Aryballe
hare
Altes Museum
Louvre
National Etruscan Museum
Villa Giulia

Monterozzi

Tarquinia
frescoes
Triclinium
Etruscan games
Herodotus
kottabos
episkyros
harpastum

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