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is himself part of the observed population, with which he interacts strongly and reciprocally. This means that the successful application of the theory needs the development of analytical power, the ability to pick out the essential factors in a given situation. This cannot be learned from books alone. The one way to learn it is by constant contact with the major sections of the people. For an intellectual, this means at least a few months spent in manual labour, to earn his livelihood as a member of the working class; not as a superior being, nor as a reformist, nor as a sentimental "progressive" visitor to the slums. The experience gained from living with worker and peasant, as one of them, has then to be consistently refreshed and regularly evaluated in the light of one's reading. For those who are prepared to do this, these essays might provide some encouragement, and food for thought.
2060:
2016:"The light-hearted sneer “India has had some episodes, but no history“ is used to justify lack of study, grasp, intelligence on the part of foreign writers about India’s past. The considerations that follow will prove that it is precisely the episodes — lists of dynasties and kings, tales of war and battle spiced with anecdote, which fill school texts — that are missing from Indian records. Here, for the first time, we have to reconstruct a history without episodes, which means that it cannot be the same type of history as in the European tradition."
1756:, Kosambi presented the Proper Orthogonal Decomposition some years before Karhunen (1945) and Loeve (1948). This tool has found application to such diverse fields as image processing, signal processing, data compression, oceanography, chemical engineering and fluid mechanics. Unfortunately this most important contribution of his is barely acknowledged in most papers that utilise the POD method. In recent years though, some authors have indeed referred to it as the Kosambi-Karhunen-Loeve decomposition.
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less to the foreign origin than to the ideas themselves which might endanger class privilege. Marxism is said to be based upon violence, upon the class-war in which the very best people do not believe nowadays. They might as well proclaim that meteorology encourages storms by predicting them. No
Marxist work contains incitement to war and specious arguments for senseless killing remotely comparable to those in the divine Gita.
43:
1954:
deep convictions. Yet as one grew to know him better one realized that the range of his heart and mind was very wide...In the later years of his life, when his attention turned increasingly to anthropology as a means of reconstructing the past, it became more than ever clear that he had a very deep feeling for the lives of the simple people of
Maharashtra.
153:
1888:. He became a tireless crusader for peace, campaigning against the nuclearisation of the world. Kosambi's solution to India's energy needs was in sharp conflict with the ambitions of the Indian ruling class. He proposed alternative energy sources, like solar power. His activism in the peace movement took him to Beijing,
1915:, which was published in 1965 by Routledge, Kegan & Paul. The book was translated into German, French and Japanese and was widely acclaimed. He also utilised his time in archaeological studies, and contributed in the field of statistics and number theory. His article on numismatics was published in February 1965 in
2050:
had summed up
Kosambi's talent as follows: "Kosambi introduced a new method into historical scholarship, essentially by application of modern mathematics. By statistical study of the weights of the coins, Kosambi was able to establish the amount of time that had elapsed while they were in circulation
1990:
are Indian; that foreign ideas like
Marxism are objectionable. This is generally argued in English the foreign language common to educated Indians; and by persons who live under a mode of production (the bourgeois system forcibly introduced by the foreigner into India.) The objection, therefore seems
1537:
Marxism cannot, even on the grounds of political expediency or party solidarity, be reduced to a rigid formalism like mathematics. Nor can it be treated as a standard technique such as work on an automatic lathe. The material, when it is present in human society, has endless variations; the observer
1470:
was the elder
Kosambi's colleague at Harvard University. Kosambi excelled in his final school examination and was one of the few candidates who was exempt on the basis of merit from necessarily passing an entrance examination essential at the time to gain admission to Harvard University. He enrolled
2028:
is in many respects an epoch making work, containing brilliantly original ideas on almost every page; if it contains errors and misrepresentations, if now and then its author attempts to force his data into a rather doctrinaire pattern, this does not appreciably lessen the significance of this very
1953:
At first it seemed that he had only three interests, which filled his life to the exclusion of all others — ancient India, in all its aspects, mathematics and the preservation of peace. For the last, as well as for his two intellectual interests, he worked hard and with devotion, according to his
1902:
He visited China many times during 1952–62 and was able to watch the
Chinese revolution very closely, making him critical of the way modernisation and development were envisaged and pursued by the Indian ruling classes. All these contributed to straining his relationship with the Indian government
1764:
Until 1939, Kosambi was almost exclusively focused on mathematical research, but later, he gradually started foraying into social sciences. It was his studies in numismatics that initiated him into the field of historical research. He did extensive research in difficult science of numismatics. His
2005:
Although
Kosambi was not a practising historian, he wrote four books and sixty articles on history: these works had a significant impact on the field of Indian historiography. He understood history in terms of the dynamics of socio-economic formations rather than just a chronological narration of
2259:
in the mid-1940s and the second was on prime numbers, submitted shortly before his death. Unfortunately, neither book was published. The list of articles below is complete but does not include his essays on science and scientists, some of which have appeared in the collection
3704:
A collection entitled "Science, Society And Peace" of Prof DD Kosambi's essays has been published in the 1980s by
Academy of Political & Social Studies, Akshay, 216, Narayan Peth, Pune 411030. Republished by People's Publishing House, New Delhi in 1995]
1527:, he produced eight research papers in the general area of Differential Geometry and Path Spaces. His fluency in several European languages allowed him to publish some of his early papers in French, Italian and German journals in their respective languages.
1832:
After independence, in 1948–49 he was sent to
England and to the US as a UNESCO Fellow to study the theoretical and technical aspects of computing machines. In London, he started his long-lasting friendship with Indologist and historian
1969:
dismiss it as an outworn economic dogma based upon 19th century prejudices. Marxism never was a dogma. There is no reason why its formulation in the 19th century should make it obsolete and wrong, any more than the discoveries of
2036:
says: "Indian
Historiography, starting with D.D. Kosambi in the 1950s, is acknowledged the world over – wherever South Asian history is taught or studied – as quite on a par with or even superior to all that is produced abroad."
1364:, had studied ancient Indian texts with a particular emphasis on Buddhism and its literature in the Pali language. Damodar Kosambi emulated him by developing a keen interest in his country's ancient history. He was also a
1892:
and Moscow. However, during this period he relentlessly pursued his diverse research interests, too. Most importantly, he worked on his Marxist rewriting of ancient Indian history, which culminated in his book,
1655:
1737:
1922:
Due to the efforts of his friends and colleagues, in June 1964, Kosambi was appointed as a Scientist Emeritus of the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR) affiliated with the Maharashtra
1927:
in Pune. He pursued many historical, scientific and archaeological projects (even writing stories for children). But most works he produced in this period could not be published during his lifetime.
1482:, who wanted him to concentrate on mathematics, but the ambitious Kosambi instead took many diverse courses excelling in each of them. In 1929, Harvard awarded him the Bachelor of Arts degree with a
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In addition to the papers listed below, Kosambi wrote two books in mathematics, the manuscripts of which have not been traced. The first was a book on path geometry that was submitted to
3317:
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in Harvard in 1924, but eventually postponed his studies, and returned to India. He stayed with his father who was now working in the Gujarat University, and was in the close circles of
2142:
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1769:
from different Indian museums to establish their chronological sequence and put forward his theories about the economic conditions under which these coins could have been minted.
1455:. There, the young Damodar spent a year in a Grammar school and then was admitted to the Cambridge High and Latin School in 1920. He became a member of the Cambridge branch of
3882:
1504:(BHU), teaching German alongside mathematics. He struggled to pursue his research on his own, and published his first research paper, "Precessions of an Elliptic Orbit" in the
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2008:
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In January 1926, Kosambi returned to the US with his father, who once again studied at Harvard University for a year and half. Kosambi studied mathematics under
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It was during this period that he started his political activism, coming close to the radical streams in the ongoing Independence movement, especially the
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1821:(TIFR). Kosambi joined TIFR as chair for mathematics in 1946, and held the position for the next 16 years. He continued to live in his own house in
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His exit from the TIFR gave Kosambi the opportunity to concentrate on his research in ancient Indian history culminating in his book,
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2224:(Singhi Jain Series 23, Bombay) (Comprehensive edition of the poet's work remarkable for rigorous standards of text criticism.)
1745:
1111:
1076:
1033:
866:
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626:
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Kosambi's mapping function adjusts the map distance based on interference which changes the proportion of double crossovers.
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93:
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In 1931, Kosambi married Nalini from the wealthy Madgaonkar family. It was in this year that he was hired by mathematician
1352:. In statistics, he was the first person to develop orthogonal infinite series expressions for stochastic processes via the
1353:
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3727:
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1096:
925:
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2006:"episodes" or the feats of a few great men – kings, warriors or saints. In the very first paragraph of his classic work,
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evaluation of data was by modern statistical methods. For example, he statistically analyzed the weight of thousands of
1402:
1228:
898:
833:
75:
1584:. According to his equation, genetic map distance (w) is related to recombination fraction (θ) in the following way:
1565:, where he taught mathematics for 14 years. In 1935, his eldest daughter, Maya was born, while in 1939, the youngest,
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2264:(People's Publishing House, 1995). Four articles (between 1962 and 1965) are written under the pseudonym S. Ducray.
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has instituted the annual D.D. Kosambi Festival of Ideas since February 2008 to commemorate his birth centenary.
1777:
He made a thorough study of Sanskrit and ancient literature, and he started his classic work on the ancient poet
1516:
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969:
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1837:. In the spring semester of 1949, he was a visiting professor of geometry in the Mathematics Department at the
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3824:
3755:
3274:
The Solution of a Burgers' Equation Inverse Problem with Reduced-Order Modeling Proper Orthogonal Decomposition
1939:
in the early hours of June 29, 1966, despite being declared generally fit by his family doctor the day before.
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2235:, xix, pt, II (Madras) (A Sanskrit astronomical work which shows that King Bhoja of Dhara died in 1055–56.)
2210:, edited in collaboration with Pt. K. V. Krishnamoorthi Sharma (Anandasrama Sanskrit Series, No.127, Poona)
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and Bhabha, eventually leading to Kosambi's exit from the Tata Institute of Fundamental Research in 1962.
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1492:, the oldest undergraduate honours organisation in the United States. He returned to India soon after.
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One of the most important contributions of Kosambi to statistics is the widely known technique called
1429:. After a few years of schooling in India, in 1918, Damodar and his elder sister, Manik travelled to
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circumstances, he was increasingly drawn into the World Peace Movement and served as a Member of the
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2171:– Compiled, edited and introduced by Brajadulal Chattopadhyaya (Oxford University Press, New Delhi).
2012:, he gives an insight into his methodology as a prelude to his life work on ancient Indian history:
3602:
Both were pious — his mother a Hindu, his father a Buddhist — while he himself remained an atheist.
2178:– Compiled, edited and introduced by Brajadulal Chattopadhyaya (Oxford University Press, New Delhi)
1916:
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1519:, to the post of lecturership in mathematics at Aligarh. His other colleagues at Aligarh included
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Sitzungsberichten der Preussische Akademie der Wissenschaften, Physikalisch-mathematische klasse
2029:
exciting book, which has stimulated the thought of thousands of students throughout the world."
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1748:(POD). Although it was originally developed by Kosambi in 1943, it is now referred to as the
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2158:
2067:
Kosambi is an inspiration to many across the world, especially to Sanskrit philologists and
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1975:
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17:
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1982:, which have passed into the body of science... The defense generally given is that the
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1979:
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1472:
1463:
1418:
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1153:
801:
553:
407:
402:
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282:
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1938 Les espaces des paths generalises qu’on peut associer avec un espace de Finsler,
2217:(Bharatiya Vidya Series 9, Bombay) (First critical edition of a Bhartrhari recension.)
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1983:
1870:
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3389:. Indian Council of Historical Research / People's Publishing House. p. vii.
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3382:
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3815:
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3548:
2767:
Proceedings of the 34th Indian Science Congress. Part II: Presidential Addresses
2079:
1834:
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1329:
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362:
337:
42:
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1940 A statistical study of the weights of the old Indian punch-marked coins,
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1987:
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1333:
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1752:. In the 1943 paper entitled 'Statistics in Function Space' presented in the
3718:
3204:
1337:
1243:
741:
432:
262:
3367:
2721:
1945 Parallelism in the tensor analysis of partial differential equations,
1360:
and for compiling critical editions of ancient Sanskrit texts. His father,
2754:
1947 An extension of the least–squares method for statistical estimation,
2090:, brought peasants into the study of Indian history for the first time."
1889:
1881:
1345:
1325:
1106:
2099:
issued a commemorative postage stamp on 31 July 2008 to honour Kosambi.
1949:
His friend A.L. Basham, a well-known indologist, wrote in his obituary:
2323:
1932 On the existence of a metric and the inverse variational problem,
2068:
1966:
1802:
1524:
1382:
1341:
843:
467:
287:
152:
2051:
and so set them in order to give some idea of their respective ages."
1845:, was the chair. In April–May 1949, he spent nearly two months at the
3688:. Indian Council of Historical Research / People's Publishing House.
3065:
Vinod, K.K. (June 2011). "Kosambi and the genetic mapping function".
2644:
1942 The effect of circulation upon the weight of metallic currency,
1462:
It was in Cambridge that he befriended another prodigy of the time,
729:
2789:
1948 Systems of partial differential equations of the second order,
1853:, discussing with such illustrious physicists and mathematicians as
1650:{\displaystyle w={\frac {1}{4}}\ln {\frac {1+2\theta }{1-2\theta }}}
1372:
approach in his work. He is particularly known for his classic work
3842:
Video. Romila Thapar at D. D. Kosambi Festival of Ideas 2008, Goa,
3767:
3277:(Master's thesis). Tallahassee, Florida: Florida State University.
2334:
1932 Affin-geometrische Grundlagen der Einheitlichen Feld–theorie,
2143:
The Culture and Civilisation of Ancient India in Historical Outline
1732:{\displaystyle \theta ={\frac {1}{2}}{\frac {e^{4w}-1}{e^{4w}+1}}.}
3236:
2775:
Les invariants differentiels d’un tenseur covariant a deux indices
2058:
1971:
1946:
by the government of India's University Grant Commission in 1980.
1451:, a book on Buddhist philosophy, which was originally started by
3778:
Indian Society, Historical Probings (in memory of D. D. Kosambi)
1822:
1562:
193:
3416:(Second ed.). Mumbai, India: Popular Prakashan. p. 1.
3362:. New Delhi, India: People's Publishing House. pp. 16–19.
3360:
Indian society: historical probings, in memory of D. D. Kosambi
3035:, ed. Ramakrishna Ramaswamy, Springer. (Posthumous publication)
2688:
1944 The estimation of map distance from recombination values,
2622:
1941 On the origin and development of silver coinage in India,
1433:
with their father, who had taken up a teaching position at the
1389:". Kosambi was critical of the policies of then prime minister
3686:
Indian Society: Historical Probings in memory of D. D. Kosambi
3387:
Indian Society: Historical Probings in memory of D. D. Kosambi
3306:. Thiruvananthapuram, India: Centre for South Indian Studies.
2196:, edited by Ram Ramaswamy (Three Essays Collective, New Delhi)
174:
36:
2168:
D.D. Kosambi: Combined Methods in Indology and Other Writings
3218:
3216:
3214:
2515:
1939 The tensor analysis of partial differential equations,
2443:
1935 Systems of differential equations of the second order,
2279:
1931 On a generalization of the second theorem of Bourbaki,
2134:
Myth and Reality: Studies in the Formation of Indian Culture
1781:. He published exemplary critical editions of Bhartrihari's
2071:
scholars. He deeply influenced Indian historiography. The
2802:
Proceedings of the National Institute of Science of India
2567:
1940 The concept of isotropy in generalized path-spaces,
2215:
The Southern Archetype of Epigrams Ascribed to Bhartrhari
3728:
Towards a Political Philology: D.D. Kosambi and Sanskrit
2989:
Journal of the Indian Society of Agricultural Statistics
2945:
Journal of the Indian Society of Agricultural Statistics
2934:
Journal of the Indian Society of Agricultural Statistics
2921:
1958 The efficiency of randomization by card–shuffling,
2912:
Journal of the Indian Society of Agricultural Statistics
2822:
1949 The differential invariants of a two-index tensor,
2800:
1949 Characteristic properties of series distributions,
2312:
1932 Geometrie differentielle et calcul des variations,
2301:
1932 On differential equations with the group property,
2208:
The Satakatrayam of Bhartrhari with the Comm. of Ramarsi
1580:, in which he introduced what later came to be known as
1574:
The Estimation of Map Distance from Recombination Values
1405:
and its ideals, and was a leading activist in the world
3119:
Kosambi, D. D. (1943), "Statistics in Function Space",
2765:
1947 Possible Applications of the Functional Calculus,
2655:
1942 A test of significance for multiple observations,
2633:
1942 On the zeros and closure of orthogonal functions,
2125:
Exasperating Essays: Exercise in the Dialectical Method
1572:
In 1944 he published a small article of 4 pages titled
2710:
1944 The geometric method in mathematical statistics,
2545:
1940 On the weights of old Indian punch-marked coins,
2523:, 249–253 (1939); Japanese version of this article in
2490:
Les metriques homogenes dans les espaces cosmogoniques
2967:
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (USA)
2813:
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (USA)
2314:
Rendiconti della Reale Accademia Nazionale dei Lincei
1663:
1592:
30:
Not to be confused with his father, Buddhism scholar
2611:
1941 Path-equations admitting the Lorentz group–II,
2454:
1936 Differential geometry of the Laplace equation,
1998:
Exasperating Essays: Exercises in Dialectical Method
1545:
Exasperating Essays: Exercises in Dialectical Method
3742:
Early Indian History and the Legacy of D.D. Kosambi
2877:1954 Seasonal variations in the Indian death–rate,
2844:1951 Seasonal variations in the Indian birth–rate,
209:
201:
182:
159:
143:
67:. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.
3652:. Ministry of Communication, Government of India.
2399:1934 Continuous groups and two theorems of Euler,
1731:
1649:
1557:In 1932, he joined the Deccan Education Society's
1417:Damodar Dharmananda Kosambi was born at Kosben in
3830:D.D. Kosambi: Father of Scientific Indian History
2578:1940 A note on frequency distribution in series,
2556:1940 Path-equations admitting the Lorentz group,
1488:. He was also granted membership to the esteemed
3100:Raju, C.K. (2009), "Kosambi the Mathematician",
1348:. He contributed to genetics by introducing the
3492:A Textbook of Historiography: 500 BC to AD 2000
3150:A Textbook of Historiography: 500 BC to AD 2000
2943:1959 An application of stochastic convergence,
2589:1941 A bivariate extension of Fisher's Z–test,
1963:
1535:
1368:specialising in ancient India who employed the
3413:An introduction to the study of Indian history
2666:1942 On valid tests of linguistic hypotheses,
2116:An Introduction to the Study of Indian History
2026:An Introduction to the Study of Indian History
2009:An Introduction to the Study of Indian History
1896:An Introduction to the Study of Indian History
1375:An Introduction to the Study of Indian History
3780:, People's Publishing House, New Delhi, 1974.
3338:
3222:
3172:
3011:Proceedings of the Indian Academy of Sciences
3000:Proceedings of the Indian Academy of Sciences
2833:1951 Series expansions of continuous groups,
2824:Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society
2723:Bulletin of the American Mathematical Society
2434:Proceedings of the Indian Academy of Sciences
2423:Proceedings of the Indian Academy of Sciences
2366:1933 The problem of differential invariants,
2242:, edited in collaboration with V.V. Gokhale (
1913:The Culture and Civilisation of Ancient India
1841:, where his colleague from his Harvard days,
1299:
27:Indian mathematician and polymath (1907–1966)
8:
3033:Selected Works in Mathematics and Statistics
2773:
2488:
1445:to complete compiling a critical edition of
3883:Academic staff of Aligarh Muslim University
3303:A Manual of Historical Research Methodology
2987:1964 Statistical methods in number theory,
2780:Comptes rendus de l’Acad ́emie des Sciences
2745:Comptes rendus de l’Acad ́emie des Sciences
2506:Comptes rendus de l’Acad ́emie des Sciences
2495:Comptes rendus de l’Acad ́emie des Sciences
3888:Academic staff of Banaras Hindu University
3553:Essays in Indian History (Seventh reprint)
3237:"Kosambi and the genetic mapping function"
3121:Journal of the Indian Mathematical Society
2965:1963 The sampling distribution of primes,
2866:1952 Path-geometry and continuous groups,
2855:1952 Path-spaces admitting collineations,
2699:1944 Direct derivation of Balmer spectra,
2679:Journal of the Indian Mathematical Society
2635:Journal of the Indian Mathematical Society
2613:Journal of the Indian Mathematical Society
2569:Journal of the Indian Mathematical Society
2558:Journal of the London Mathematical Society
2517:Journal of the Indian Mathematical Society
2456:Journal of the Indian Mathematical Society
2390:Journal of the Indian Mathematical Society
2368:Journal of the Indian Mathematical Society
2325:Bulletin of the Academy of Sciences, U. P.
2303:Journal of the Indian Mathematical Society
2281:Bulletin of the Academy of Sciences, U. P.
1754:Journal of the Indian Mathematical Society
1306:
1292:
226:
151:
140:
3616:"Finally, a stamp in DD Kosambi's honour"
3189:. Basel, Switzerland: Birkhäuser Verlag.
2268:1930 Precessions of an elliptical orbit,
1825:, and commute to Mumbai every day by the
1708:
1687:
1680:
1670:
1662:
1615:
1599:
1591:
1500:He obtained the post of professor at the
1381:He is described as "the patriarch of the
127:Learn how and when to remove this message
3893:Cambridge Rindge and Latin School alumni
2743:1946 Sur la differentiation covariante,
2251:Mathematical and scientific publications
2040:In his obituary of Kosambi published in
1356:. He is also well known for his work in
3516:"D.D. Kosambi festival from February 5"
3057:
2923:Journal of the Royal Statistics Society
2432:1935 An affine calculus of variations,
1942:He was posthumously decorated with the
1935:Kosambi, aged 58, passed away due to a
1437:. Their father was tasked by Professor
238:
3580:Padgaonkar, Dileep (8 February 2013).
3471:from the original on 12 September 2018
3253:
3242:
3185:Weil, André; Gage, Jennifer C (1992).
1819:Tata Institute of Fundamental Research
1809:Tata Institute of Fundamental Research
519:Communism in the independence movement
3592:from the original on 15 December 2017
3410:Kosambi, Damodar Dharmanand (1975) .
3349:
3347:
3281:from the original on 15 December 2017
3187:The apprenticeship of a mathematician
2377:1933 The classification of integers,
2290:1932 Modern differential geometries,
2222:The Epigrams Attributed to Bhartrhari
1321:(31 July 1907 – 29 June 1966) was an
7:
3721:, 2011 Leftword Books. Full text on
3143:
3141:
2998:1964 Probability and prime numbers,
2146:(Routledge & Kegan Paul, London)
1393:, which, according to him, promoted
65:adding citations to reliable sources
3756:Kosambi, Marxism and Indian History
3582:"Kosambi's uplifting idea Of India"
3354:Basham, A. L.; et al. (1974).
3320:from the original on 26 August 2017
2978:Journal of the University of Bombay
2956:Journal of the University of Bombay
2910:1958 Classical Tauberian theorems,
2677:1943 Statistics in function space,
2412:Journal of the University of Bombay
2379:Journal of the University of Bombay
2240:The Subhasitaratnakosa of Vidyakara
2194:Adventures into the Unknown: Essays
1805:and wrote some political articles.
1515:, then Professor of Mathematics at
205:Mathematician and Marxist historian
3878:20th-century Indian mathematicians
3783:J.D.Bernal: obituary D.D.Kosambi.
3656:from the original on 10 April 2017
3614:Vaidya, Abhay (11 December 2008).
2932:1959 The method of least–squares,
2899:1957 The method of least–squares,
2600:1941 Correlation and time series,
2476:1936 Path-geometry and cosmogony,
2465:1936 Path-spaces of higher order,
2410:1934 The maximum modulus theorem,
2388:1934 Collineations in path-space,
2355:1933 Parallelism and path-spaces,
2229:The Cintamani-saranika of Dasabala
1880:After his return to India, in the
1249:List of communist parties in India
707:2013 Naxal attack in Darbha valley
25:
3626:from the original on 4 March 2016
3453:Pollock, Sheldon (26 July 2008).
3152:. Orient Blackswan. p. 469.
3821:My Friendship with D. D. Kosambi
3715:The Many Careers of D.D. Kosambi
2885:, 100–119 (with S. Raghavachari)
2868:Quarterly Journal of Mathematics
2857:Quarterly Journal of Mathematics
2852:, 165–192 (with S. Raghavachari)
2835:Quarterly Journal of Mathematics
2791:Quarterly Journal of Mathematics
2478:Quarterly Journal of Mathematics
2467:Quarterly Journal of Mathematics
2445:Quarterly Journal of Mathematics
2063:Kosambi on a 2008 stamp of India
1275:
697:Maoism in the Nandigram violence
246:
41:
3462:Economic & Political Weekly
3455:"Towards a Political Philology"
3358:. In Sharma, Ram Sharan (ed.).
2888:1954 The metric in path-space,
2732:1946 The law of large numbers,
1746:proper orthogonal decomposition
1523:. During his two years stay in
1077:Communist Party of French India
602:1957 general election in Kerala
52:needs additional citations for
3873:20th-century Indian historians
2954:1962 A note on prime numbers,
2811:1949 Lie rings in path-space,
1958:
1521:Tirukkannapuram Vijayaraghavan
1401:. He was an enthusiast of the
1354:Kosambi–Karhunen–Loève theorem
1264:State of socialist orientation
586:Post-independence and Cold War
1:
3271:Steward, Jeff (20 May 2009).
3102:Economic and Political Weekly
3020:1966 Scientific numismatics,
3009:1965 The sequence of primes,
2929:, 223–233 (with U. V. R. Rao)
2712:American Mathematical Monthly
2345:1932 The Expanding Universe,
2162:(Orient Blackswan, New Delhi)
514:Colonial period and partition
76:"Damodar Dharmananda Kosambi"
3682:"Damodar Dharmanand Kosambi"
3356:"'Baba': A Personal Tribute"
2233:Journal of Oriental Research
2137:(Popular Prakashail, Bombay)
2128:(People's Book House, Poona)
2119:(Popular Book Depot, Bombay)
2108:Works on history and society
1847:Institute for Advanced Study
1817:invited Kosambi to join the
1403:Chinese Communist Revolution
1229:Communist movements in India
834:Proletarian internationalism
3948:Indian scholars of Buddhism
3430:. Vol. 17 – Issue 05.
2262:Science, Society, and Peace
2189:(Permanent Black, Ranikhet)
1427:Dharmananda Damodar Kosambi
1362:Dharmananda Damodar Kosambi
1319:Damodar Dharmananda Kosambi
318:Damodar Dharmananda Kosambi
145:Damodar Dharmananda Kosambi
32:Dharmananda Damodar Kosambi
3984:
3559:. p. 381 (at p 109).
2901:Advancement in Mathematics
2421:1935 Homogeneous metrics,
627:Naxalite–Maoist insurgency
612:Sino-Indian border dispute
483:Bikash Ranjan Bhattacharya
29:
18:Damodar Dharmanand Kosambi
3918:Indian Marxist historians
3898:Harvard University alumni
3812:Baba": A Personal Tribute
3787:, 1966 Sept.3; 211: 1024.
3684:. In R. S. Sharma (ed.).
3079:10.1007/s12045-011-0060-x
2489:
2357:Mathematische Zeitschrift
2292:Indian Journal of Physics
2270:Indian Journal of Physics
2082:said, "D. D. Kosambi and
1801:. He became an outspoken
1517:Aligarh Muslim University
1506:Indian Journal of Physics
579:Punnapra-Vayalar uprising
150:
3943:Marathi-language writers
3938:Indian Sanskrit scholars
3903:Historians of South Asia
3428:"Not a question of bias"
3017:, 145–149 (as S. Ducray)
3006:, 159–164 (as S. Ducray)
2879:Annals of Human Genetics
2176:The Oxford India Kosambi
2093:Kosambi was an atheist.
1959:Kosambi's historiography
1799:Communist Party of India
1750:Karhunen–Loève expansion
1657:or, put in another way,
1502:Banaras Hindu University
1431:Cambridge, Massachusetts
692:Laxmanpur Bathe massacre
622:Historic Eight Documents
358:Kondapalli Seetharamaiah
3835:28 October 2020 at the
3807:. Essay by D.D. Kosambi
3803:28 October 2020 at the
3680:V. V. Gokhale (1974) .
3490:Sreedharan, E. (2004).
3300:Sreedharan, E. (2007).
3148:Sreedharan, E. (2004).
2976:1963 Normal Sequences,
2734:The Mathematics Student
2580:The Mathematics Student
2512:, 1538–1541 (in French)
2501:, 1086–1088 (in French)
2401:The Mathematics Student
2244:Harvard Oriental Series
1531:Fergusson College, Pune
1439:Charles Rockwell Lanman
1072:Communist Consolidation
839:Revolutionary socialism
735:Marxism–Leninism–Maoism
597:Goa liberation movement
592:2nd Congress of the CPI
448:Buddhadeb Bhattacharjee
388:Harkishan Singh Surjeet
353:Puchalapalli Sundarayya
3928:Indian Marxist writers
3381:R. S. Sharma (1974) .
3252:Cite journal requires
3046:Marxist historiography
2984:, 49–53 (as S. Ducray)
2907:, 485–491 (in Chinese)
2774:
2064:
1993:
1733:
1651:
1540:
1490:Phi Beta Kappa Society
1435:Cambridge Latin School
1370:historical materialist
607:Angamaly police firing
398:Jagjit Singh Lyallpuri
333:E. M. S. Namboodiripad
3650:Indian Postage Stamps
2962:, 1–4 (as S. Ducray)
2751:, 211–213 (in French)
2342:, 342–345 (in German)
2320:, 410–415 (in French)
2062:
1965:Certain opponents of
1937:myocardial infarction
1855:J. Robert Oppenheimer
1851:Princeton, New Jersey
1843:Marshall Harvey Stone
1839:University of Chicago
1734:
1652:
1480:George David Birkhoff
1387:Indian historiography
1046:Defunct organisations
856:Current organisations
819:Left-wing nationalism
669:Left Democratic Front
617:1964 split in the CPI
549:Foundation of the CPI
3963:Scientists from Pune
3825:Daniel H. H. Ingalls
3776:and Vivekanand Jha,
3494:. Orient Blackswan.
2870:(Oxford, Series 2),
2859:(Oxford, Series 2),
2837:(Oxford, Series 2),
2786:, 790–92 (in French)
2668:New Indian Antiquary
1944:Hari Om Ashram Award
1661:
1590:
1582:Kosambi map function
1399:democratic socialism
1350:Kosambi map function
1282:Communism portal
1082:Comrades Association
681:Contemporary history
273:Sahajanand Saraswati
61:improve this article
3958:Scientists from Goa
3933:Indian numismatists
3913:Indian male writers
3586:Times of India Blog
3522:. 20 January 2011.
3022:Scientific American
2890:Tensor (New Series)
2183:Unsettling The Past
1917:Scientific American
1886:World Peace Council
1496:Banaras and Aligarh
1457:American Boy Scouts
1453:Henry Clarke Warren
1219:Communism in Kerala
1102:Lal Communist Party
764:Primitive communism
674:Indravelli massacre
569:1946 Naval Uprising
564:Telangana Rebellion
559:Quit India Movement
423:V. S. Achuthanandan
278:Shripad Amrit Dange
3339:V. V. Gokhale 1974
3223:V. V. Gokhale 1974
3173:V. V. Gokhale 1974
2846:Annals of Eugenics
2756:Annals of Eugenics
2690:Annals of Eugenics
2159:Indian Numismatics
2065:
1875:Carl Ludwig Siegel
1789:during 1945–1948.
1767:punch-marked coins
1760:Historical studies
1729:
1647:
1578:Annals of Eugenics
1443:Harvard University
1328:with interests in
1259:Socialism in India
1234:Gandhian socialism
1224:Communism in Nepal
1214:Anarchism in India
1167:People's Democracy
824:Left-wing populism
787:Agrarian socialism
759:National communism
632:Naxalbari uprising
378:Hare Krishna Konar
303:Nripen Chakraborty
240:Communism in India
214:Dharmanand Kosambi
3968:Writers from Pune
3695:978-81-7007-176-1
3566:978-81-85229-00-3
3501:978-81-250-2657-0
3434:. 4–17 March 2000
3396:978-81-7007-176-1
3159:978-81-250-2657-0
2073:Government of Goa
1724:
1678:
1645:
1607:
1559:Fergusson College
1366:Marxist historian
1316:
1315:
1239:Inquilab Zindabad
544:Kakori conspiracy
523:Conspiracy cases
313:Puran Chand Joshi
308:P. Krishna Pillai
225:
224:
137:
136:
129:
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16:(Redirected from
3975:
3953:Indian Buddhists
3798:Steps in Science
3766:, 26 July 2008.
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2103:Books by Kosambi
2086:, together with
2001:
1877:amongst others.
1863:John von Neumann
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1397:in the guise of
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797:Anti-imperialism
754:Marxist humanism
749:Marxist feminism
725:Marxism–Leninism
574:Tebhaga movement
532:Kanpur Bolshevik
453:Pinarayi Vijayan
343:Promode Dasgupta
268:M. P. T. Acharya
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3837:Wayback Machine
3805:Wayback Machine
3794:
3732:Sheldon Pollock
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3709:Further reading
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3028:, pages 102–111
2701:Current Science
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192:
190:(aged 58)
184:
180:
179:
172:
161:
157:
156:
148:
147:
144:
135:
134:
49:
47:
40:
26:
24:
14:
13:
10:
9:
6:
4:
3:
2:
3980:
3969:
3966:
3964:
3961:
3959:
3956:
3954:
3951:
3949:
3946:
3944:
3941:
3939:
3936:
3934:
3931:
3929:
3926:
3924:
3921:
3919:
3916:
3914:
3911:
3909:
3906:
3904:
3901:
3899:
3896:
3894:
3891:
3889:
3886:
3884:
3881:
3879:
3876:
3874:
3871:
3869:
3866:
3864:
3861:
3860:
3858:
3849:
3845:
3841:
3839:by Dale Riepe
3838:
3834:
3831:
3828:
3826:
3822:
3819:
3817:
3813:
3809:
3806:
3802:
3799:
3796:
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3791:
3786:
3782:
3779:
3775:
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3765:
3761:
3757:
3754:
3751:
3747:
3746:Romila Thapar
3743:
3740:
3737:
3733:
3729:
3726:
3724:
3720:
3716:
3713:
3712:
3708:
3706:
3697:
3691:
3687:
3683:
3678:
3677:
3672:
3655:
3651:
3647:
3646:"Stamps 2008"
3641:
3638:
3625:
3621:
3617:
3610:
3607:
3603:
3591:
3587:
3583:
3576:
3573:
3568:
3562:
3558:
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3529:
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3511:
3508:
3503:
3497:
3493:
3486:
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3467:
3463:
3456:
3449:
3446:
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3406:
3403:
3398:
3392:
3388:
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3377:
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3369:
3365:
3361:
3357:
3350:
3348:
3344:
3340:
3335:
3332:
3319:
3315:
3313:9788190592802
3309:
3305:
3304:
3296:
3293:
3280:
3276:
3275:
3267:
3264:
3259:
3246:
3238:
3231:
3228:
3224:
3219:
3217:
3215:
3211:
3206:
3202:
3198:
3196:9783764326500
3192:
3188:
3181:
3178:
3174:
3169:
3166:
3161:
3155:
3151:
3144:
3142:
3138:
3134:
3130:
3126:
3122:
3115:
3112:
3107:
3103:
3096:
3093:
3088:
3084:
3080:
3076:
3072:
3068:
3061:
3058:
3051:
3047:
3044:
3043:
3039:
3034:
3030:
3027:
3026:February 1966
3023:
3019:
3016:
3012:
3008:
3005:
3001:
2997:
2994:
2990:
2986:
2983:
2979:
2975:
2972:
2968:
2964:
2961:
2957:
2953:
2950:
2946:
2942:
2939:
2935:
2931:
2928:
2924:
2920:
2917:
2913:
2909:
2906:
2902:
2898:
2895:
2891:
2887:
2884:
2880:
2876:
2873:
2869:
2865:
2862:
2858:
2854:
2851:
2847:
2843:
2840:
2836:
2832:
2829:
2825:
2821:
2818:
2814:
2810:
2807:
2803:
2799:
2796:
2792:
2788:
2785:
2781:
2776:
2771:
2768:
2764:
2761:
2757:
2753:
2750:
2746:
2742:
2739:
2735:
2731:
2728:
2724:
2720:
2717:
2713:
2709:
2706:
2702:
2698:
2695:
2691:
2687:
2684:
2680:
2676:
2673:
2669:
2665:
2662:
2658:
2654:
2651:
2647:
2643:
2640:
2636:
2632:
2629:
2625:
2621:
2618:
2614:
2610:
2607:
2603:
2599:
2596:
2592:
2588:
2585:
2581:
2577:
2574:
2570:
2566:
2563:
2559:
2555:
2552:
2548:
2544:
2541:
2537:
2533:
2530:
2526:
2522:
2518:
2514:
2511:
2507:
2503:
2500:
2496:
2486:
2483:
2479:
2475:
2472:
2468:
2464:
2461:
2457:
2453:
2450:
2446:
2442:
2439:
2435:
2431:
2428:
2424:
2420:
2417:
2413:
2409:
2406:
2402:
2398:
2395:
2391:
2387:
2384:
2380:
2376:
2373:
2369:
2365:
2362:
2358:
2354:
2351:
2348:
2344:
2341:
2337:
2333:
2330:
2326:
2322:
2319:
2315:
2311:
2308:
2304:
2300:
2297:
2293:
2289:
2286:
2282:
2278:
2275:
2271:
2267:
2266:
2265:
2263:
2258:
2257:Marston Morse
2250:
2245:
2241:
2237:
2234:
2230:
2226:
2223:
2219:
2216:
2212:
2209:
2205:
2204:
2200:
2195:
2191:
2188:
2187:Meera Kosambi
2184:
2180:
2177:
2173:
2170:
2169:
2164:
2161:
2160:
2155:
2154:
2150:
2145:
2144:
2139:
2136:
2135:
2130:
2127:
2126:
2121:
2118:
2117:
2112:
2111:
2107:
2102:
2100:
2098:
2094:
2091:
2089:
2085:
2081:
2076:
2074:
2070:
2061:
2054:
2052:
2049:
2045:
2044:
2038:
2035:
2030:
2027:
2023:
2020:According to
2015:
2014:
2013:
2011:
2010:
2002:
1999:
1996: — From
1992:
1989:
1985:
1981:
1977:
1973:
1968:
1952:
1951:
1950:
1947:
1945:
1940:
1938:
1930:
1928:
1926:
1920:
1918:
1914:
1906:
1904:
1900:
1898:
1897:
1891:
1887:
1883:
1878:
1876:
1872:
1871:Oswald Veblen
1868:
1867:Marston Morse
1864:
1860:
1856:
1852:
1848:
1844:
1840:
1836:
1830:
1828:
1824:
1820:
1816:
1808:
1806:
1804:
1800:
1792:
1790:
1788:
1784:
1780:
1772:
1770:
1768:
1759:
1757:
1755:
1751:
1747:
1742:
1739:
1726:
1720:
1717:
1712:
1709:
1705:
1699:
1696:
1691:
1688:
1684:
1675:
1672:
1667:
1664:
1641:
1638:
1635:
1632:
1627:
1624:
1621:
1618:
1612:
1609:
1604:
1601:
1596:
1593:
1585:
1583:
1579:
1575:
1570:
1568:
1564:
1560:
1552:
1549:
1546:
1543: — From
1539:
1530:
1528:
1526:
1522:
1518:
1514:
1509:
1507:
1503:
1495:
1493:
1491:
1487:
1486:
1481:
1476:
1474:
1469:
1465:
1460:
1458:
1454:
1450:
1449:
1448:Visuddhimagga
1444:
1440:
1436:
1432:
1428:
1424:
1420:
1412:
1410:
1408:
1404:
1400:
1396:
1392:
1388:
1384:
1379:
1377:
1376:
1371:
1367:
1363:
1359:
1355:
1351:
1347:
1343:
1339:
1335:
1331:
1327:
1324:
1320:
1309:
1304:
1302:
1297:
1295:
1290:
1289:
1287:
1286:
1283:
1273:
1272:
1265:
1262:
1260:
1257:
1255:
1252:
1250:
1247:
1245:
1242:
1240:
1237:
1235:
1232:
1230:
1227:
1225:
1222:
1220:
1217:
1215:
1212:
1211:
1205:
1204:
1197:
1196:
1192:
1190:
1189:
1185:
1183:
1182:
1178:
1176:
1175:
1171:
1169:
1168:
1164:
1162:
1161:
1157:
1155:
1152:
1150:
1149:
1145:
1143:
1142:
1138:
1137:
1131:
1130:
1123:
1120:
1118:
1115:
1113:
1110:
1108:
1105:
1103:
1100:
1098:
1095:
1093:
1090:
1088:
1085:
1083:
1080:
1078:
1075:
1073:
1070:
1068:
1065:
1063:
1060:
1058:
1055:
1053:
1050:
1049:
1043:
1042:
1035:
1032:
1030:
1027:
1025:
1022:
1020:
1017:
1015:
1012:
1010:
1007:
1005:
1002:
1000:
997:
993:
990:
989:
988:
985:
983:
980:
976:
973:
971:
968:
967:
966:
963:
959:
956:
954:
951:
949:
946:
945:
944:
941:
937:
934:
932:
929:
927:
924:
922:
919:
917:
914:
913:
912:
909:
905:
902:
900:
897:
895:
892:
890:
887:
885:
882:
881:
880:
877:
875:
872:
868:
865:
864:
863:
860:
859:
853:
852:
845:
842:
840:
837:
835:
832:
830:
827:
825:
822:
820:
817:
813:
810:
809:
808:
805:
803:
800:
798:
795:
793:
790:
788:
785:
784:
778:
777:
770:
767:
765:
762:
760:
757:
755:
752:
750:
747:
743:
740:
736:
733:
732:
731:
728:
727:
726:
723:
722:
716:
715:
708:
705:
703:
700:
698:
695:
693:
690:
688:
687:Bara massacre
685:
684:
683:
682:
675:
672:
670:
667:
665:
662:
660:
657:
653:
650:
648:
645:
644:
642:
638:
635:
633:
630:
629:
628:
625:
623:
620:
618:
615:
613:
610:
608:
605:
603:
600:
598:
595:
593:
590:
589:
588:
587:
580:
577:
575:
572:
570:
567:
565:
562:
560:
557:
555:
552:
550:
547:
545:
542:
538:
535:
533:
530:
528:
525:
524:
522:
520:
517:
516:
515:
507:
506:
499:
496:
494:
491:
489:
486:
484:
481:
479:
476:
474:
471:
469:
466:
464:
461:
459:
456:
454:
451:
449:
446:
444:
441:
439:
438:A. G. Noorani
436:
434:
431:
429:
426:
424:
421:
419:
418:Shibdas Ghosh
416:
414:
413:E. K. Nayanar
411:
409:
406:
404:
401:
399:
396:
394:
393:T. Nagi Reddy
391:
389:
386:
384:
381:
379:
376:
374:
373:Bhupesh Gupta
371:
369:
366:
364:
361:
359:
356:
354:
351:
349:
346:
344:
341:
339:
336:
334:
331:
329:
326:
324:
321:
319:
316:
314:
311:
309:
306:
304:
301:
299:
296:
294:
293:A. K. Gopalan
291:
289:
286:
284:
281:
279:
276:
274:
271:
269:
266:
264:
261:
260:
254:
253:
249:
245:
244:
241:
237:
233:
229:
228:
220:
219:Meera Kosambi
215:
212:
208:
204:
202:Occupation(s)
200:
195:
185:
181:
176:
162:
158:
154:
149:
142:
139:
131:
128:
120:
109:
106:
102:
99:
95:
92:
88:
85:
81:
78: –
77:
73:
72:Find sources:
66:
62:
56:
55:
50:This article
48:
44:
39:
38:
33:
19:
3784:
3777:
3763:
3752:, June 2011.
3749:
3735:
3714:
3703:
3685:
3673:Bibliography
3658:. Retrieved
3649:
3640:
3628:. Retrieved
3619:
3609:
3601:
3594:. Retrieved
3585:
3575:
3552:
3549:Habib, Irfan
3543:
3531:. Retrieved
3519:
3510:
3491:
3485:
3473:. Retrieved
3461:
3448:
3436:. Retrieved
3422:
3412:
3405:
3386:
3376:
3359:
3341:, p. 3.
3334:
3322:. Retrieved
3302:
3295:
3283:. Retrieved
3273:
3266:
3245:cite journal
3235:K, Vinod K.
3230:
3225:, p. 2.
3186:
3180:
3175:, p. 1.
3168:
3149:
3124:
3120:
3114:
3105:
3101:
3095:
3070:
3066:
3060:
3032:
3025:
3021:
3014:
3010:
3003:
2999:
2992:
2988:
2981:
2977:
2970:
2966:
2959:
2955:
2948:
2944:
2937:
2933:
2926:
2922:
2915:
2911:
2904:
2900:
2893:
2889:
2882:
2878:
2871:
2867:
2860:
2856:
2849:
2845:
2838:
2834:
2827:
2823:
2816:
2812:
2805:
2801:
2794:
2790:
2783:
2779:
2766:
2759:
2755:
2748:
2744:
2737:
2733:
2726:
2722:
2715:
2711:
2704:
2700:
2693:
2689:
2682:
2678:
2671:
2667:
2660:
2656:
2649:
2645:
2638:
2634:
2627:
2623:
2616:
2612:
2605:
2601:
2594:
2590:
2583:
2579:
2572:
2568:
2561:
2557:
2550:
2546:
2539:
2535:
2528:
2524:
2520:
2516:
2509:
2505:
2498:
2494:
2481:
2477:
2470:
2466:
2459:
2455:
2448:
2444:
2437:
2433:
2426:
2422:
2415:
2411:
2404:
2400:
2393:
2389:
2382:
2378:
2371:
2367:
2360:
2356:
2349:
2346:
2339:
2335:
2328:
2324:
2317:
2313:
2306:
2302:
2295:
2291:
2284:
2280:
2273:
2269:
2261:
2254:
2239:
2232:
2228:
2221:
2214:
2207:
2201:Edited works
2193:
2185:, edited by
2182:
2175:
2166:
2157:
2141:
2132:
2123:
2114:
2095:
2092:
2077:
2066:
2048:J. D. Bernal
2041:
2039:
2034:Sumit Sarkar
2031:
2025:
2022:A. L. Basham
2019:
2007:
2004:
1997:
1994:
1964:
1948:
1943:
1941:
1934:
1924:
1921:
1912:
1910:
1901:
1894:
1879:
1859:Hermann Weyl
1831:
1827:Deccan Queen
1812:
1796:
1776:
1763:
1753:
1743:
1740:
1586:
1577:
1573:
1571:
1556:
1544:
1541:
1536:
1510:
1505:
1499:
1483:
1477:
1461:
1446:
1416:
1380:
1373:
1349:
1318:
1317:
1254:Red corridor
1195:Visalaandhra
1193:
1186:
1179:
1172:
1165:
1158:
1146:
1141:Deshabhimani
1139:
943:CPI (Maoist)
829:People's war
792:Anti-fascism
680:
679:
585:
584:
513:
478:Kobad Ghandy
463:Manik Sarkar
458:Vinod Mishra
383:Dasarath Deb
323:Bhagat Singh
317:
188:(1966-06-29)
186:29 June 1966
170:31 July 1907
138:
123:
117:October 2014
114:
104:
97:
90:
83:
71:
59:Please help
54:verification
51:
3868:1966 deaths
3863:1907 births
3816:A.L. Basham
3774:R.S. Sharma
3760:Irfan Habib
3723:archive.org
3660:15 December
3630:15 December
3596:15 December
3533:15 December
3475:19 December
3285:15 December
3108:(20): 33–45
2084:R.S. Sharma
2080:Irfan Habib
1835:A.L. Basham
1787:Subhashitas
1783:Śatakatraya
1553:Mathematics
1358:numismatics
1330:mathematics
1188:Theekkathir
807:Land reform
702:Salwa Judum
652:West Bengal
643:Left Front
363:Saroj Dutta
338:S.K. Limaye
3857:Categories
3730:(2008) by
3717:edited by
3324:16 October
3052:References
2793:(Oxford),
2480:(Oxford),
2469:(Oxford),
2447:(Oxford),
2151:Posthumous
2097:India Post
2078:Historian
2032:Professor
1988:Upanishads
1779:Bhartṛhari
1513:André Weil
1468:Leo Wiener
1425:family to
1413:Early life
1395:capitalism
1385:school of
1334:statistics
1181:Qaumi Jang
1174:Prajasakti
1148:Ganashakti
781:Principles
769:Trotskyism
719:Ideologies
659:Rajan case
443:Biman Bose
368:Jyoti Basu
348:V. Subbiah
328:Ajoy Ghosh
221:(daughter)
166:1907-07-31
87:newspapers
3750:Resonance
3528:0971-751X
3520:The Hindu
3432:Frontline
3383:"Preface"
3127:: 76–88,
3067:Resonance
2995:, 126–135
2918:, 141–149
2874:, 307–320
2841:, 244–257
2819:, 389–394
2808:, 109–113
2797:, 204–219
2762:, 257–261
2729:, 293–296
2718:, 382–389
2696:, 172–175
2663:, 271–274
2652:, 227–231
2630:, 395–400
2608:, 372–374
2597:, 191–192
2586:, 151–155
2553:, 410–411
2542:, 312–314
2484:, 290–293
2462:, 141–143
2440:, 333–335
2429:, 952–954
2374:, 185–188
2363:, 608–618
2352:, 507–508
2309:, 215–219
2298:, 159–164
2287:, 145–147
2276:, 359–364
1697:−
1665:θ
1642:θ
1636:−
1628:θ
1613:
1508:in 1930.
1338:philology
1244:Lal Salam
812:in Kerala
742:Stalinism
473:Ganapathy
433:Mohit Sen
263:M. N. Roy
210:Relatives
3833:Archived
3801:Archived
3719:D.N. Jha
3654:Archived
3624:Archived
3590:Archived
3551:(2007).
3466:Archived
3318:Archived
3279:Archived
3205:24791768
3087:84289582
3040:See also
2473:, 97–104
2407:, 94–100
1986:and the
1899:(1956).
1890:Helsinki
1882:Cold War
1793:Activism
1773:Sanskrit
1346:genetics
1326:polymath
1107:Lal Sena
1087:CPI (ML)
982:CPIML ND
965:CPI(ML)L
637:Timeline
527:Peshawar
232:a series
230:Part of
216:(father)
173:Kosben,
3438:23 June
3368:3206457
3133:0009816
2973:, 20–23
2951:, 58–72
2940:, 49–57
2896:, 67–74
2830:, 90–94
2740:, 14–19
2707:, 71–72
2685:, 76–88
2674:, 21–24
2641:, 16–24
2619:, 62–72
2575:, 80–88
2564:, 86–91
2531:, 36–39
2418:, 11–12
2396:, 68–72
2385:, 18–20
2347:Nature,
2331:, 17–28
2069:Marxist
1976:Faraday
1967:Marxism
1829:train.
1803:Marxist
1525:Aligarh
1421:into a
1383:Marxist
1342:history
1029:SUCI(C)
987:MCPI(U)
844:Welfare
647:Tripura
510:History
468:D. Raja
288:Yashpal
196:, India
177:, India
101:scholar
3848:Part-2
3844:Part-1
3785:Nature
3692:
3563:
3557:Tulika
3526:
3498:
3393:
3366:
3310:
3203:
3193:
3156:
3131:
3085:
2863:, 1–11
2769:, 1–13
2525:Tensor
2451:, 1–12
2055:Legacy
2043:Nature
2000:(1957)
1980:Darwin
1547:(1957)
1344:, and
1323:Indian
911:CPI(M)
730:Maoism
537:Meerut
257:People
103:
96:
89:
82:
74:
3469:(PDF)
3458:(PDF)
3083:S2CID
3031:2016
2772:1947
2487:1938
2238:1957
2227:1952
2220:1948
2213:1946
2206:1945
2192:2016
2181:2014
2174:2009
2165:2002
2156:1981
2140:1965
2131:1962
2122:1957
2113:1956
1972:Gauss
1931:Death
1567:Meera
1134:Media
992:AICTU
916:AIDWA
889:AITUC
108:JSTOR
94:books
3690:ISBN
3662:2017
3632:2017
3598:2017
3561:ISBN
3535:2017
3524:ISSN
3496:ISBN
3477:2017
3440:2009
3391:ISBN
3364:OCLC
3326:2016
3308:ISBN
3287:2017
3258:help
3201:OCLC
3191:ISBN
3154:ISBN
1984:Gita
1978:and
1873:and
1823:Pune
1785:and
1563:Pune
1117:MCPI
1112:LKPH
1092:HSRA
1057:BLPI
1052:AICP
1034:UCPI
1019:RMPI
1014:RCPI
975:AISA
970:AIKM
953:PLGA
948:KAMS
931:DYFI
926:CITU
921:AIKS
904:NFIW
899:BKMU
894:AIYF
884:AISF
867:TUCC
862:AIFB
194:Pune
183:Died
160:Born
80:news
3823:by
3814:by
3768:Pdf
3764:EPW
3758:by
3744:by
3736:EPW
3075:doi
2927:121
2784:225
2758:,
2749:222
2510:206
2499:206
2350:130
2246:42)
2024:, "
1849:in
1576:in
1561:in
1441:of
1122:WPP
1097:ICS
1067:CMP
1062:CIC
1024:RSP
1009:NSA
999:MFB
958:RYL
936:SFI
879:CPI
874:BPI
175:Goa
63:by
3859::
3846:,
3762:.
3748:.
3734:,
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